Palm house is a term sometimes used for large and high heated display greenhouses that specialise in growing palms and other tropical and subtropical plants. In Victorian Britain , several ornate glass and iron palm houses were built in botanical gardens and parks, using cast iron architecture . Especially in English-speaking countries outside the British Isles , these are often called conservatories , in the UK mainly a term for small glass structures attached to houses.
18-508: Bicton can refer to: United Kingdom Bicton, Devon , England Bicton College Bicton House , a country house on the campus of Bicton College Bicton, Herefordshire , England Bicton, Shrewsbury , Shropshire (a village and parish), England Bicton, South Shropshire , England Bicton, Pembrokeshire , Wales Australia Bicton, Western Australia Electoral district of Bicton [REDACTED] Topics referred to by
36-573: A design by André Le Nôtre , but most of the work was undertaken by John Rolle, 1st Baron Rolle in the early 19th century. This included the digging of the lake in 1812 by French prisoners of war, planting the arboretum in 1830 and the noted araucaria avenue in 1842. Other features include the orangery (1806), the "bulbous" palm house (c. 1825), and the castellated octagonal China Tower of 1839. John Rolle died, childless, aged 86 in 1842. However, after his marriage to his second wife, Louisa Trefusis, he decided to appoint as his heir her nephew,
54-491: Is a tourist attraction on the southern part of the former Bicton estate. The landscaped park includes historic glasshouses, a countryside museum, the Bicton Woodland Railway train ride, nature trail, maze, mini golf, indoor and outdoor children's play complexes, restaurant and shop. The gardens, which originated in c.1730 are Grade I listed. The four glasshouses at Bicton Gardens were designed to re-create
72-469: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Bicton, Devon Bicton is a civil parish and a former manor in the East Devon district of Devon , England, near the town of Budleigh Salterton . The parish is surrounded, clockwise from the north, by the parishes of Colaton Raleigh , Otterton , East Budleigh and Woodbury . According to
90-576: The Domesday Book of 1086 as Bechetone , held by William Porter, probably by the service of guarding the gate at Exeter Castle and the prison there. The manor passed through several families until Sir Thomas Denys (1559–1613) left two daughters as co-heiresses. The eldest was Anne Denys, who by her marriage to Sir Henry Rolle (d.1616) of Stevenstone , brought Bicton to the Rolle family. The gardens at Bicton were begun in around 1735, supposedly to
108-642: The 19th century. Parts of the iron technology there were borrowed from shipbuilding , so the resemblance of many designs to upturned ships in not entirely coincidental. In the 20th century some pyramidal designs and geodesic domes were adopted. The "Tropical Pyramid" at the Muttart Conservatory in Alberta ( c. 1976 ) and Eden Project in England are respectively examples of these shapes. The term "palm house" tends not to be used, though
126-626: The 2001 census it had a population of 280. Much of the parish consists of Bicton Park , designed by André Le Nôtre , the French landscape architect and the principal gardener of the Sun King, Louis XIV , who designed the gardens of the Palace of Versailles . It is the historic home of the Rolle family, with Bicton Common, adjacent to Woodbury Common , in the west. The parish includes the village of Yettington on its southern border. Bicton appears in
144-410: The baron in the 1950s and opened to the public in 1963. The 22nd Baron gave the botanical gardens to a charitable trust in 1986, which sold them in 1998 to Simon and Valerie Lister who turned their 63 acres (25 ha) into a commercial visitor attraction named Bicton Park Botanical Gardens – see below. The remainder of the land comprising the former manor of Bicton is still owned by Baron Clinton under
162-414: The function of the buildings remains the same. The palm house was a stage in the 19th-century development of glass and iron architecture, which was also widely used in railway stations, markets, exhibition halls, and other large buildings needing a large and open internal area. The Anthaeum, Hove was a very ambitious example, with a huge cupola -topped dome covering more than 1.5 acres (0.61 ha). It
180-593: The ideals of the Cambridge Camden Society . Bicton Obelisk on the edge of the park was built in 1747 by Henry Rolle, 1st Baron Rolle (1708–1750) as a visual attraction for the gardens. Rolle also built the four-sided pillar in the centre of the four-cross-ways between Bicton and Otterton in 1743. As well as serving as a signpost for the various places to which the four roads lead, it incorporates biblical inscriptions, such as "Her ways are ways of pleasantness", etc. Bicton Park Botanical Gardens
198-495: The management of Clinton Devon Estates . This includes 17,000 acres (6,900 ha) of tenant farmland , 4,700 acres (1,900 ha) of woodland and 2,800 acres (1,100 ha) of the East Devon Pebblebed Heaths . The equestrian venue known as Bicton Arena is also part of the estate. In 1850, Lady Louisa Rolle commemorated her late husband by building a new church on the estate close to the old one, which
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#1732776047520216-664: The natural environment of plants from different continents. The Palm House was built in the 1820s to a curvilinear design, using 18,000 small glass panes in thin iron glazing bars. The Tropical House is the home of the Bicton orchid ( Lemboglossum bictoniense ), named after the Park where it first bloomed in 1836. The Arid House features cacti and other succulents growing in a naturalistic desert landscape. Palm house The large example, completed in 1848 , in Kew Gardens , London
234-423: The same term This disambiguation page lists articles about distinct geographical locations with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bicton&oldid=763283645 " Category : Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
252-607: The six-year-old Mark George Kerr Trefusis (the younger brother of the 20th Baron Clinton) requiring him to change his name to Rolle, which he did. However, when Mark Rolle died in 1907 he left no male heir so the Rolle inheritance passed to his nephew, Charles Hepburn-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis, 21st Baron Clinton (1863–1957). The 21st Baron let and later sold the mansion house and surrounding lands to Devon County Council as an agricultural college, now Bicton College , which as of 2016 covers 490 acres (200 ha), and sleeps 231 residential students. The gardens at Bicton were renovated by
270-882: Was arguably the first greenhouse to be built on this scale. It was also the first large-scale structural use of wrought iron . The later Temperate House at Kew is in fact even larger. Other British examples are at Liverpool's Sefton Park and Stanley Park . Elsewhere there are the Franklin Park Conservatory in Columbus, Ohio , the Royal Greenhouses of Laeken in Brussels, the Palmenhaus Schönbrunn in Vienna, and many others. The rounded shapes of Kew were often followed in
288-521: Was described by W. G. Hoskins as "magnificent". Some fifty years before its demolition, the topographer John Swete made a watercolour painting of the old church, and wrote of its picturesque setting in his journal in 1795. The church of 1850 was designed by the Exeter-based architect, John Hayward : Hoskins simply called it "dull", though it was later described as an early example in Devon of
306-406: Was partly demolished and the chancel reworked by Augustus Pugin as a mausoleum to the Rolle family. The mausoleum, which is not open to the public, contains Minton floor tiles, a vaulted ceiling, east and west decorated windows by Pugin, and a Rolle monument on the north wall designed by George Myers . It also contains the baroque marble tomb of Denys Rolle (died 1638) and his wife and son, which
324-533: Was planned by Henry Phillips as a visitor attraction by itself, with Amon Henry Wilds as the architect; both were local men from Brighton and Hove . However, it collapsed the day before its official opening in 1830. One of the earliest examples of a palm house is located in the Belfast Botanic Gardens . Designed by Charles Lanyon , the building was completed in 1840. It was constructed by iron-founder Richard Turner , who would later build
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