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49-548: Bielefeld University (German: Universität Bielefeld ) is a public university in Bielefeld , Germany. Founded in 1969, it is one of the country's newer universities, and considers itself a "reform" university, following a different style of organization and teaching than the established universities. In particular, the university aims to "re-establish the unity between research and teaching", and so all its faculty teach courses in their area of research. The university also stresses

98-601: A focus on interdisciplinary research, helped by the architecture, which encloses all faculties in one great structure. It is among the first of the German universities to switch some faculties (e.g. biology) to Bachelor / Master -degrees as part of the Bologna process . Bielefeld University has started an extensive multi-phase modernisation project, which is to be completed by 2025. A total investment of more than 1 billion euros has been planned for this undertaking. The university

147-581: A further criticism has been that the metrics used are not independent of university size, e.g. number of publications or award winners will mechanically add as universities are grouped, independently of research (or teaching) quality; thus a merger between two equally-ranked institutions will significantly increase the merged institutions' score and give it a higher ranking, without any change in quality. There are two categories in ARWU's disciplinary rankings: broad subject fields and specific subjects. The methodology

196-691: A length of 52 m (171 ft). Historically speaking, this building is considered to be the most precious possession of the town. It was the starting point of the Protestant Reformation in Bielefeld in 1553. A valuable wing-altar with 13 pictures, known as the Marienaltar is also kept inside. The baroque spires were destroyed in World War II and later replaced by two unusually-shaped "Gothic" clocktowers. The altarpiece of

245-727: A pass crossing the Teutoburg Forest , Bielefeld was the "city of linen " as a minor member of the Hanseatic League , known for bleachfields into the 19th century. Bielefeld was part of the Kingdom of Westphalia when it was created in 1807. In 1815 it was incorporated into the Kingdom of Prussia following the defeat of France and the Congress of Vienna . After the Cologne-Minden railway opened in 1849 ,

294-465: A pretty good stab at a fair comparison." While ARWU has originated in China, the ranking have been praised for being unbiased towards Asian institutions, especially Chinese institutions . The ranking has been criticised for "relying too much on award factors" thus undermining the importance of quality of instruction and humanities . A 2007 paper published in the journal Scientometrics found that

343-601: A rebuilt railway station, a municipal theatre, and finally, the Rudolf-Oetker-Halle concert hall, renowned for its excellent acoustics. The Dürkopp car was produced 1898–1927 . After printing emergency money ( German : Notgeld ) in 1923 during the inflation in the Weimar Republic , Bielefeld was one of several towns that printed very attractive and highly collectable banknotes with designs on silk , linen and velvet . These pieces were issued by

392-483: A reminder of the time when the city gained importance through the production of linen , with the traditional crafts of spinning and weaving, and its high-quality linen became known worldwide, characterised by its own seal of quality. The Old City Hall ( Altes Rathaus ) was built in 1904 and still serves the same function. Its façade reflects the so-called Weserrenaissance and features elements of various architectural styles , including Gothic and Renaissance . Though

441-516: A small airstrip, Flugplatz Bielefeld, in the Senne district but is mainly served by the three larger airports nearby, Paderborn Lippstadt Airport , Münster Osnabrück Airport and Hannover Airport . Bielefeld boasts a well-developed public transport system, served mainly by the companies moBiel (formerly Stadtwerke Bielefeld – Verkehrsbetriebe ) and "BVO". The Bielefeld Stadtbahn has four major lines and regional trains connect different parts of

490-515: Is Pit Clausen of the Social Democratic Party (SPD), who was elected in 2009 and re-elected in 2014 and 2020. The most recent mayoral election was held on 13 September 2020, with a runoff held on 27 September, and the results were as follows: The Bielefeld city council governs the city alongside the mayor. The most recent city council election was held on 13 September 2020, and the results were as follows: Two major autobahns ,

539-608: Is a UNESCO Project School and as such it aims for international understanding and cooperation. Since 1998, the Kolleg has worked together with the German School of Guayaquil in a charitable project to help in the development of the town of Daular, Ecuador, which project won a United Nations Award in 2006/2007 for its international concept. In the QS World University Rankings for 2024, the university

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588-580: Is also criticised in France for its use as a motivation for merging universities into larger ones. Several methods for ranking universities were analyzed. Many scholars proposed developing new methodologies for global university rankings, expressing concerns about bias against universities in the Arab region within current ranking systems. They emphasized the need to adjust the weighting of indicators to account for overlooked institutional differences. Indeed,

637-671: Is home to a significant number of internationally operating companies, including Dr. Oetker , DMG Mori (former Gildemeister), Möller Group , Goldbeck and Schüco . It has a university and several technical colleges ( Fachhochschulen ). Bielefeld is also known for the Bethel Institution . Holy Roman Empire 1214– Hanseatic League 14th century– Berg (state) 1346– Margraviate of Brandenburg 1614– Minden-Ravensberg 1719–1807 Kingdom of Westphalia Kingdom of Prussia ( Province of Westphalia ) 1815– Founded in 1214 by Count Hermann IV of Ravensberg to guard

686-460: Is located in the west of Bielefeld next to the Teutoburg Forest . The main building, which houses all the faculties and institutes, as well as the large library, is a functional concrete structure, typical of the 1960s. The main building with 154,000 m alone is one of the largest structures in Europe. Intercity trains running between Cologne / Bonn and Berlin stop regularly at Bielefeld, and

735-424: Is not legally subordinated to any universities or government agencies. In 2011, a board of international advisory consisting of scholars and policy researchers was established to provide suggestions. The publication currently includes global league tables for institutions as a whole and for a selection of individual subjects, alongside independent regional Greater China Ranking and Macedonian HEIs Ranking . ARWU

784-588: Is placed within the 951–1000 range, ranking as the 45th institution at the national level. In contrast, the university achieves a higher position in the Times Higher Education World University Rankings , where it lands within the 201–250 bracket in 2023, and ranks between 23rd and 26th in the country. According to the Academic Ranking of World Universities for 2023, the university's global rank falls within

833-449: Is regarded as one of the three most influential and widely observed university rankings, alongside QS World University Rankings and Times Higher Education World University Rankings . It has received positive feedback for its objectivity and methodology, but draws wide criticism as it fails to adjust for the size of the institution, and thus larger institutions tend to rank above smaller ones. EU Research Headlines reported

882-521: Is similar to that adopted in the overall table, including award factors, paper citation, and the number of highly cited scholars. Considering the development of specific areas, two independent regional league tables with different methodologies were launched – Ranking of Top Universities in Greater China and Best Chinese Universities Ranking. Best Chinese Universities Ranking was first released in 2015. Ranking of Top Universities in Greater China

931-661: The A ;2 and A 33 , intersect in the south east of Bielefeld. The Ostwestfalendamm expressway connects the two parts of the city, naturally divided by the Teutoburg Forest. Bielefeld Hauptbahnhof , the main railway station of Bielefeld, is on the Hamm–Minden railway and is part of the German ICE high-speed railroad system. The main station for intercity bus services is Brackwede station . Bielefeld has

980-425: The Academic Ranking of World Universities of 2018 places Bielefeld among the four best universities of Germany and 101–150 best universities in the world. The German Center for Higher Education Development Excellence Ranking, which measures academic performance of European graduate programs in biology, chemistry, mathematics, and physics, placed Bielefeld in the excellence group for mathematics. Bielefeld University

1029-648: The Bethel Institution and the Evangelisches Johanneswerk . Other important cultural sights of the region are the art museum (Kunsthalle) , the Rudolf-Oetker-Halle concert hall, and the city's municipal botanical garden ( Botanischer Garten Bielefeld ). Bielefeld is home to the widely known Bielefelder Kinderchor , founded in 1932 by Friedrich Oberschelp as the first mixed children's choir in Germany. It became famous for its recordings and concerts of traditional German Christmas carols, filling

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1078-554: The SchücoArena stadium in the west of the town centre. Bielefeld is home to the Radrennbahn Bielefeld bike racing track. Bielefeld is twinned with: [REDACTED] Media related to Bielefeld at Wikimedia Commons Academic Ranking of World Universities Since 2009, ARWU has been published and copyrighted annually by Shanghai Ranking Consultancy, an organization focusing on higher education that

1127-563: The Solr framework. Since their founding by Hartmut von Hentig in 1974, the laboratory schools Laborschule and Oberstufen-Kolleg have focused on integrating educational research into everyday teaching: school teachers collaborate with university researchers in research projects. A research institute at the University corresponds to each school ("Research Institute Laborschule" and "Research Institute Oberstufen-Kolleg"). The Oberstufen-Kolleg

1176-554: The 701–800 range, placing it between 41st and 42nd nationally. In 2017, Bielefeld University was ranked 22nd in the world by the Times Higher Education (THE) Young University Rankings, and among the top 300 universities by the traditional Times Higher Education World University Rankings . In the THE ranking of 2011 Bielefeld is placed among the top 50 universities in engineering and technology. In terms of mathematics,

1225-647: The ARWU's work on 31 December 2003: "The universities were carefully evaluated using several indicators of research performance." A survey on higher education published by The Economist in 2005 commented ARWU as "the most widely used annual ranking of the world's research universities." In 2010, The Chronicle of Higher Education called ARWU "the best-known and most influential global ranking of universities" and Philip G. Altbach named ARWU's 'consistency, clarity of purpose, and transparency' as significant strengths. University of Oxford Chancellor Chris Patten has said "the methodology looks fairly solid ... it looks like

1274-603: The Bielefeld Stadtsparkasse (town's savings bank) and were sent all around the world in the early 1920s. These pieces are known as Stoffgeld  – that is, money made from fabric. The town's synagogue was burned in 1938 during the Kristallnacht pogrom carried out against Jewish population. In 1944, Boeing B-17 Flying Fortresses of the USAAF bombed the gas works at Bielefeld on 20 September and

1323-649: The Bielefeld church Neustädter Marienkirche from around 1400 is among the most prominent masterpieces of artwork of the German Middle Ages. Two of the altarpieces, The Flagellation and The Crucifixion are now in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York . Bielefeld is also the seat of the two largest Protestant social welfare establishments ( Diakonie ) in Europe ,

1372-609: The Bozi brothers constructed the first large mechanised spinning mill in 1851. The Ravensberg Spinning Mill was built from 1854 to 1857, and metal works began to open in the 1860s. Founded in 1867 as a Bielefeld sewing machine repair company, Dürkoppwerke AG employed 1,665 people in 1892; it used Waffenamt code "WaA547" from 1938 to 1939 as the Dürkopp-Werke, and merged with other Bielefeld companies to form Dürkopp Adler AG in 1990. Between 1904 and 1930, Bielefeld grew, opening

1421-474: The Rudolf-Oetker-Halle several times each season. Foreign tours have taken the choir to many European countries, and also the U.S. and Japan. On Hünenburg there is an observation tower , next to a 164-metre-high (538 ft) radio tower . Bielefeld is home to the professional football team DSC Arminia Bielefeld . Currently a member of 3. Liga in the 2023-24 season , the club plays at

1470-416: The Teutoburg Forest were incorporated. Starting in 1994, the city has been featured in the humorous Bielefeld conspiracy which satirises conspiracy theories by claiming that the city does not exist. Bielefeld is subdivided into the following ten (10) districts: Bielefeld has an oceanic climate ( Köppen : Cfb ; Trewartha : Dobk ). The average annual high temperature is 14.6 °C (58.3 °F),

1519-767: The Theological Seminary Bethel ( Kirchliche Hochschule Bethel ) and the Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences ( German : Hochschule Bielefeld ), which offers 21 courses in 8 different departments (agriculture and engineering are in Minden ) and has been internationally recognized for its photography school. Bielefeld has several vocational schools like Berufskolleg Senne. and Berufskolleg Bethel These schools focus on hands-on training in various fields, including business, healthcare, and technical disciplines. The current mayor of Bielefeld

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1568-486: The administrative region ( Regierungsbezirk ) of Detmold and the 18th largest city in Germany. The historical centre of the city is situated north of the Teutoburg Forest line of hills, but modern Bielefeld also incorporates boroughs on the opposite side and on the hills. The city is situated on the Hermannsweg , a hiking trail which runs for 156 km along the length of the Teutoburg Forest. Bielefeld

1617-451: The annual low temperature is 5.4 °C (41.7 °F), and the annual precipitation is 866.4 millimetres (34.11 inches). The Alzey weather station has recorded the following extreme values: Bielefeld was a linen-producing town, and in the early 1920s the Town's Savings Bank (Stadtsparkasse) issued money made of linen, silk and velvet. These items were known as 'stoffgeld'. In addition to

1666-564: The beginning of the 14th century. The church was damaged in World War II and later rebuilt. Three times a day, a carillon can be heard. The most valuable treasure of this church is a carved altar from Antwerp , decorated with 250 figures. A small museum housed within illustrates the history of the church up to World War II. The largest church is the Neustädter Marienkirche , a Gothic hall church dating back to 1293, completed 1512. It stands 78 m (256 ft) tall and has

1715-691: The city in April 1945. Due to the presence of a number of barracks built during the 1930s and its location next to the main East-West Autobahn in northern Germany, after World War II Bielefeld became a headquarters town for the fighting command of the British Army of the Rhine – BAOR (the administrative and strategic headquarters were at Rheindahlen near the Dutch border). Until the 1980s there

1764-552: The city with nearby counties. Buses also run throughout the area. Sparrenburg Castle is Bielefeld's characteristic landmark. It was built between 1240 and 1250 by Count Ludwig von Ravensberg . The 37-metre-high (121 ft) tower and the catacombs of the castle are open to the public. The Linen Weavers' Monument, with the German name Leineweber-Denkmal, created by the Tyrolean sculptor Perathoner, has been one of Bielefeld's most recognisable symbols for over 100 years. It stands as

1813-519: The criteria used are not relevant; that the aggregation methodology has a number of major problems; and that insufficient attention has been paid to fundamental choices of criteria. The ARWU researchers themselves, N.C. Liu and Y. Cheng, think that the quality of universities cannot be precisely measured by mere numbers and any ranking must be controversial. They suggest that university and college rankings should be used with caution and their methodologies must be understood clearly before reporting or using

1862-401: The development of tools to improve access to electronic resources. It works with commercial system suppliers to meet the needs of academic libraries—collaborations that have resulted in developments such as BASE (Bielefeld Academic Search Engine), by which metadata is collected from scientific repository servers and indexed, along with data from selected web sites and data collections, using

1911-561: The former town hall building on the Old Market Square ( Alter Markt ), which also contains a row of restored 16th and 17th-century townhouses with noteworthy late Gothic and Weser Renaissance style façades ( Bürgerhäuser am Alten Markt ). The oldest city church is Altstädter Nicolaikirche . It is a Gothic hall church with a height of 81.5 m (267 ft). It was founded in 1236 by the Bishop of Paderborn , and enlarged at

1960-440: The manufacture of home appliances and various heavy industries , Bielefeld companies include Dr. Oetker (food manufacturing), Möller Group (leather products and plastics), Seidensticker (clothing and textiles) and Bethel Institution with 17.000 employees. Bielefeld University was founded in 1969. The first professors included the well-known German sociologist Niklas Luhmann . Other institutions of higher education include

2009-514: The marshaling yard on 30 September; Bielefeld was bombed again on 7 October and the RAF bombed the town on the night of 4/5 December. On 17 January 1945, B-17s bombed the nearby Paderborn marshalling yard, and the railway viaduct in the suburb of Schildesche. On 14 March the RAF bombed the viaduct again, wrecking it. This was the first use of the RAF's 10 tonne Grand Slam bomb . American troops entered

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2058-551: The mayor still holds office in the Old City Hall, most of the city's administration is housed in the adjacent New City Hall ( Neues Rathaus ). The City Theatre ( Stadttheater ) is part of the same architectural ensemble as the Old City Hall, also built in 1904. It has a notable Jugendstil façade, is Bielefeld's largest theatre and home of the Bielefeld Opera . Another theatre ( Theater am Alten Markt ) resides in

2107-494: The results from the Shanghai rankings could not be reproduced from raw data using the method described by Liu and Cheng. A 2013 paper in the same journal finally showed how the Shanghai ranking results could be reproduced. In a report from April 2009, J-C. Billaut, D. Bouyssou and Ph. Vincke analyse how the ARWU works, using their insights as specialists of Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM). Their main conclusions are that

2156-527: The results. ARWU has been criticised by the European Commission as well as some EU member states for "favour[ing] Anglo-Saxon higher education institutions". For instance, ARWU is repeatedly criticised in France, where it triggers an annual controversy, focusing on its ill-adapted character to the French academic system and the unreasonable weight given to research often performed decades ago. It

2205-449: The students cast their vote. This is comparable to similar results at other German universities. In its session of 12 July 2006, the university senate decided to introduce tuition fees of €500 per semester, beginning in 2007. In August 2006, a universal key for the university went missing during a senate session. After that, multiple cases of arson and defacement of university property were reported. University president Dieter Timmermann

2254-520: The university can be accessed via city tram (Line 4) in about 10 minutes from the city center—or in about 15 minutes by car. The nearest airport, Paderborn/Lippstadt , is about 50 kilometres southeast of Bielefeld. Bielefeld University Library occupies most of the first floor of the main university building and contains over 2.2 million volumes. It is open every day of the year, from 08:00 until 01:00 Monday to Friday, and from 09:00 to 22:00 during weekends and public holidays. The library's projects include

2303-477: Was a large British presence in the barracks housing the headquarters of the British First Corps and support units, as well as schools, NAAFI shops, officers' and sergeants' messes and several estates of married quarters. The British presence was heavily scaled back after the reunification of Germany and most of the infrastructure has disappeared. In 1973 the first villages on the south side of

2352-499: Was a particular target of these attacks. The cost of the damage, mainly due to the replacement of thousands of locks, was estimated at over a million euros. Bielefeld Bielefeld ( German pronunciation: [ˈbiːləfɛlt] ) is a city in the Ostwestfalen-Lippe Region in the north-east of North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany. With a population of 341,755, it is also the most populous city in

2401-466: Was one of the centers of student protests in the fight against the introduction of tuition fees . In the course of the protests, the central hall and the university president's office were occupied by protesting students for over a month. In a vote organised by the AStA and the students parliament, about 94 percent of the participants voted against the introduction of tuition fees, although only 22 percent of

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