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22-466: In 1985, the "BC 1921 Elversberg", a German carom billiards club, ordered four new carambolage tables from the Belgian company Deque. They expected to be able to negotiate the price a few percent down, however Deque did not agree, but instead, made the suggestion that their official representative, Raymond Ceulemans could hold a demonstration at the inauguration. The club did not hesitate and accepted

44-756: A game not widely known in the English-speaking world. See the Three-ball main article for the game. See the Four-ball billiards main article for the game. See the Nine-ball § Derived games section for the game. See the Seven-ball main article for the game. See the Eight-ball and Eight-ball pool (British variation) main articles for the games. See

66-482: A minority language, and US (and borrowed French) terms predominate in carom billiards . Similarly, British terms predominate in the world of snooker, English billiards , and blackball , regardless of the players' nationalities. The term "blackball" is used in this glossary to refer to both blackball and eight-ball pool as played in the UK, as a shorthand. Blackball was chosen because it is less ambiguous ("eight-ball pool"

88-422: A particular game's rules for which a set penalty is imposed. In many pool games the penalty for a foul is ball-in-hand anywhere on the table for the opponent. In some games such as straight pool, a foul results in a loss of one or more points. In one-pocket, in which a set number of balls must be made in a specific pocket, upon a foul the player must return a ball to the table. In some games, three successive fouls in

110-449: A row is a loss of game. In straight pool, a third successive foul results in a loss of 16 points (15 plus one for the foul). Possible foul situations (non-exhaustive): Also free shot . A situation where a player has fouled , leaving the opponent snookered . In UK eight-ball this would normally give the opponent the option of one of two plays: (1) ball-in-hand with two shots ; (2) being allowed to contact, or even pot ,

132-755: A single inning . (The record was later broken.) Ceulemans won the European three-cushion championship 23 times and defended it 19 times. Ceulemans also won 21 UMB World three-cushion championships. Additionally he has prevailed in 16 title defenses. At the age of 64 Ceulemans won his latest UMB world title in 2001 in Luxembourg where he defeated Marco Zanetti . Next to the national, European and world titles, Ceulemans won other national and international tournaments, including [REDACTED] Media related to Raymond Ceulemans at Wikimedia Commons Glossary of cue sports terms#inning The following

154-524: Is a glossary of traditional English-language terms used in the three overarching cue sports disciplines: carom billiards referring to the various carom games played on a billiard table without pockets ; pool , which denotes a host of games played on a table with six pockets; and snooker , played on a large pocket table, and which has a sport culture unto itself distinct from pool. There are also games such as English billiards that include aspects of multiple disciplines. The term billiards

176-481: Is sometimes used to refer to all of the cue sports, to a specific class of them, or to specific ones such as English billiards; this article uses the term in its most generic sense unless otherwise noted. The labels " British " and " UK " as applied to entries in this glossary refer to terms originating in the UK and also used in countries that were fairly recently part of the British Empire and/or are part of

198-545: Is too easily confused with the international standardized " eight-ball "), and blackball is globally standardized by an International Olympic Committee -recognized governing body , the World Pool-Billiard Association (WPA); meanwhile, its ancestor, eight-ball pool, is largely a folk game, like North American bar pool , and to the extent that its rules have been codified, they have been done so by competing authorities with different rulesets. (For

220-459: The Commonwealth of Nations , as opposed to US (and, often, Canadian ) terminology. The terms "American" or "US" as applied here refer generally to North American usage. However, due to the predominance of US-originating terminology in most internationally competitive pool (as opposed to snooker ), US terms are also common in the pool context in other countries in which English is at least

242-672: The Nine-ball main article for the game See the Ten-ball main article for the game Also apex ball , apex of the triangle , apex of the diamond or apex of the rack . Also backspin , back-spin , backward spin . Same as draw . See illustration at spin . Also balk space . Also balk line . Not always hyphenated. Plural: balls-on . Also on[-]ball . Also bar rules , pub pool , tavern pool . Also bar box , pub table , tavern table , coin-operated table , coin-op table . Also middle spot in baulk , baulk line spot , middle of

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264-525: The Würth Group . Raymond Ceulemans Raymond Ceulemans (born 12 July 1937) is a Belgian billiards player who won 21 UMB three-cushion World Championship titles, more than any other player. Along with 48 European titles (23 in three-cushion) and 61 national titles. His nickname is "Mr 100". He was inducted into the Billiard Congress of America 's Hall of Fame in 2001, one of

286-477: The baulk-line spot , etc. Also bigs , big balls , big ones . Also billiard shot . Also pool spectacles , snooker specs , etc. Also the black . Also the blue(s) . Also shake bottle , pea bottle , pill bottle , tally bottle , kelly bottle . Also bottomspin , bottom-spin , bottom . Also called-safe Also called-shot ; call-pocket or called-pocket . Also carambola . Not to be confused with

308-425: The continuation of a break , and are re-spotted until the reds run out, after which the colours must be potted in their order: Also point of contact . Also counting rack , counter ball rack , etc. Also dog it . Also double elimination . Sometimes interchangeable with scratch , though the latter is often used only to refer to the foul of pocketing the cue ball. A violation of

330-431: The disk-flicking traditional board game carrom , which is sometimes played with a small cue stick. Main article: Carom billiards Not to be confused with carom billiards . Also century break . Also coloured ball(s) , colour(s) ; American spelling color sometimes also used. 1.  In snooker , any of the object balls that are not reds . A colour ball must be potted after each red in

352-456: The first non-Americans to receive the honour. In October 2003, King Albert II of Belgium honoured Raymond Ceulemans by awarding him a knighthood ( Ridderschap ) in recognition of his lifetime achievements. He was born in Lier, Belgium . By the age of 7, Ceulemans was playing billiards on the table in his father's café . He also liked to play association football at the local club. Although he

374-869: The idea was born to professionalize and market three-cushion billiards. On 29 December 1985, the inaugural meeting was held at the hotel "Goldener Kopf" (English: "Golden Head") in Bad Säckingen near the German Swiss border. Fifteen people came to the establishing assembly. They decided that the seat of the BWA would be Geneva in order to be close to the UMB and the IOC Supporters included, among others, Georg Peltzer, senior director and descendant of Henry Simon Simonis , founder of Simonis Billiard cloth factory in 1680, and Reinhold Würth , senior partner of

396-425: The offer, since it was rather uncommon to get the then 32-time world champion in three-cushion as a private entertainer. The show was held on 18 December 1985. For the first time, the club had specially built grandstands. The stands were full as Ceulemans and Klaus Bosel played. After the expected win of Ceulemans’ by more than 50 points, he entertained the crowd with some artistic trick shots before dinner. Since it

418-522: The same reason, the glossary's information on eight-ball, nine-ball , and ten-ball draws principally on the stable WPA rules, because there are many competing amateur leagues and even professional tours with divergent rules for these games.) Foreign-language terms are generally not within the scope of this list, unless they have become an integral part of billiards terminology in English (e.g. massé ), or they are crucial to meaningful discussion of

440-517: The title 11 times in row. The winning streak came to end in 1974 when he lost to Nobuaki Kobayashi in finals. He was the first three-cushion player to reach levels of 1.500 and 2.000 average points per inning . Ceulemans won the first Three-Cushion World Cup in Paris , France in 1986; two more titles followed in 1987 and 1990. In 1998 he tied the world record held by Junichi Komori of Japan during professional match play by scoring 28 points in

462-598: Was a good midfielder (in 1958 he was discovered by the club K. Beerschot V.A.C. but a transfer was never made) he stopped playing football and began to concentrate on billiards. In 1961 at the age of 23 Ceulemans won his first Belgian three-cushion title. In 1962 he won his first CEB European Three-cushion Championship . A year later he won his first world title at the UMB World Three-cushion Championship with averages of 1.159 and 1.307 points per inning . He went on to win

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484-526: Was getting late and restaurants were no longer open, Bosel, Ceulemans, and Werner Bayer (former billiards club president) decided to go to Bosel's home, where Bosel's wife cooked for the guests. Midnight was approaching, it was Bosel's birthday and a bottle of champagne was opened, as the three sat together and talked about the future of three band billiards. Ceulemans said, much to the Bayer's amazement, that he still needed to work "properly " to make ends meet. Thus

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