The Birs (French: Birse ) is a 73-kilometre (45 mi) long river in Switzerland that flows through the Jura region and ends as a tributary to the Rhine between Basel and Birsfelden . It is the most important river of the Swiss Jura .
6-519: The Birs has its source in a spring near the Col de Pierre Pertuis at 762 metres (2,500 ft) above sea level a little southwest of Tavannes in the Jura bernois . It starts as a proper river; the large amount of water is the product of an extended underground river system. The Birs runs through wider valleys (Vallée de Tavannes) and narrow gorges. Near Delémont , the capital of the canton of Jura, it joins
12-572: Is a mountain pass in the Jura Mountains in the canton of Berne in Switzerland . It connects Sonceboz and Tavannes . The name of the pass comes from the Latin : Petra pertusa , meaning broken rock . A third century inscription concerning the construction of a road through a natural cutting in the rocks along the route of the pass demonstrates that this is part of a route that
18-689: The Sorne and the Scheulte . Between Soyhières and Liesberg , it leaves the French-speaking part of Switzerland, enters the canton of Basel-Landschaft and receives the Lützel from the left. In Laufen it forms a waterfall, which was the source of power and of the name of the city. At the gorge of Angenstein , the river runs into the Birseck , the lowland by Aesch . Between Aesch and Dornach ,
24-513: The Birs form the border between Basel-Stadt and Basel-Landschaft. In 2004, it was restored from a concrete canal to a more natural river. Beavers have even been sighted along the river. The Birs also forms the border between the cities of Basel and Birsfelden . It flows into the Rhine at Birskopf after 73 kilometres (45 mi). Col de Pierre Pertuis Col de Pierre Pertuis (el. 827 m.)
30-475: The Birs is rich in fresh-water crabs, the native species of which are now threatened by the American red crab. Earlier, the Birs was polluted and dammed, but it has largely been restored to its original state. The Reinacherheide is a wildlife preserve with 83 species of bird. The mouth of the Birs was hardly settled until the 18th century. Today, the city of Birsfelden stands there. The lower stretches of
36-587: Was used in the Roman period, connecting Aventicum (modern Avenches ) with Augusta Raurica , a Roman settlement a short distance to the east of Basel . The first road that was passable for automobiles was built during World War I by the corps of engineers of the Swiss Army . In 1932, a new road was built employing the jobless due to the Great Depression . In November 1997, a 2100-meter-long tunnel
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