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61-630: Blieskastel is the capital of the Bliesgau and is located in the center of the Bliesgau Biosphere Reserve. The city borders on the cities of Homburg, St. Ingbert, Zweibrücken and Hornbach, and the municipalities of Gersheim, Kirkel and Mandelbachtal. The Blies flows by Blieskastel. The districts of Niederwürzbach, Lautzkirchen and Alschbach are located in the Sankt Ingbert-Kirkeler forest area. The annual rainfall

122-545: A concerted campaign to sway voters. The support of the local Catholic authorities for a return also helped, as did concerns about Bolshevism , against which Hitler was seen as a bulwark. With a voter participation of 98%, the result of the plebiscite was that the overwhelming majority, 90.8%, voted to re-join the German Reich , with only 8.8% wanting to retain the status quo, primarily as they did not wish to be ruled by Nazis. A third option of joining France received 0.4% of

183-520: A federal state of the Federal Republic of Germany. As part of a territorial and administrative reform of 1974, Blieskastel, which until then belonged to the district of Sankt Ingbert, became part of the newly created Saar-Pfalz-Kreis (now Saarpfalz-Kreis ). At the same time, the city Blieskastel was extended to surrounding communities. Blieskastel has been an officially-recognized Kneipp spa resort since 1978. The historic city center with

244-419: A part of the county of Zweibrücken to which Bierbach belonged were incorporated into the new Saar area. As a consequence of the territorial and administrative reform of 1974, Bierbach ceased to be an independent municipality and became a municipal district of the city of Blieskastel. The parish Bierbach exists since the year 1482. In the years 1466 to 1482 the so-called Fraternity Chapel (Bruderschaftskapelle)

305-568: A part of the town of Blieskastel and incorporated within the district Saarpfalz-Kreis of which Homburg is the administrative seat. Bierbach is a small village situated in the midst of meadows and woodlands that are part of the Bliesgau. August Becker in his travel guide "Die Pfalz und die Pfälzer" in 1858 called the Bierbach lea the most beautiful in the Bavarian Palatinate. Except for small patches of land that are close to

366-497: A radius of 10 km (6.2 mi), six larger towns can be easily reached: Blieskastel, Homburg , Zweibrücken , St. Ingbert , Neunkirchen and Bexbach . The distance by air to Saarbrücken , the capital of Saarland, is 23 km (14 mi). Saarland is one of the warmest regions in Germany. The yearly mean temperature is approximately 14°C. The climate widely corresponds to the usual Central European weather patterns. During

427-511: A result, anti-Nazi groups agitated for the Saarland to remain under British and French occupation under a League of Nations mandate. However, as most of the region's population was German, the mandate was unpopular. A plebiscite was held in the territory on 13 January 1935. With Adolf Hitler anxious for the propaganda advantages of the return of the Saar to Germany, Joseph Goebbels designed

488-750: A significant number of the miners who worked in the Saar coal mines. The Territory issued its own postage stamps and currency (the Saar franc ). The Saar region was governed by the following Chairmen of the Commission of Government: The Saar Territory had no home rule ; instead, the Governing Commission (known in German as the Regierungskommission or "Reko" for short) decided on all legislation alone. According to paragraph 23 of

549-545: A total of 1698 inhabitants of which 95% are Germans, and 52% are female. Overall the fraction Bierbach constitutes 8% of the total population of Blieskastel. The area of Bierbach was probably already inhabited in prehistoric times during the paleolithic era, as finds such as a hand-axe that was found in Blieskastel and is dated 200000 BCE would indicate. Bishop Pirminius expanded the Christian Religion in

610-573: Is twinned with: [REDACTED] Media related to Blieskastel at Wikimedia Commons Bierbach an der Blies Bierbach an der Blies is a part ( Stadtteil ) of Blieskastel , Saarland , Germany . It is part of the Bliesgau and was founded on the right river bank of the Blies . As a consequence of the territorial and administrative reform of 1974 in Saarland  [ de ] , Bierbach ceased to be an independent municipality and became

671-492: Is 835 mm (32.9 in) and is in the upper third. 70% indicate low values. The driest month is April. It rains most in December. The city of Blieskastel consists of Blieskastel-Mitte and 14 districts. Alphabetically these are Altheim, Aßweiler, Ballweiler, Bierbach an der Blies , Biesingen, Blickweiler, Böckweiler, Breitfurt, Brenschelbach, Mimbach, Niederwürzbach, Pinningen, Webenheim, and Wolfersheim. Blieskastel-Mitte

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732-487: Is divided into the city center of Blieskastel, Alschbach, and Lautzkirchen. The district of Brenschelbach is divided into Brenschelbach, Brenschelbach-Bahnhof, and Riesweiler. To the district of Wecklingen is part of Ballweiler, and Seelbach of Niederwürzbach. Number of inhabitants as of 31 December 2017: The former castle of Blieskastel was the seat of the Counts of Blieskastel, whose line died out in 1237. The daughter of

793-644: Is found in a property exchange deed of the neighboring monastery Wörschweiler in 1230. According to historic records, Count Heinrich of Castel and Heinrich of Kirkel exchanged estates of the monastery Wörschweiler in Hassel for estates of Bierbach. In 1558, the Wörschweiler Abbey was abolished by the Duke of Palatine Zweibrücken who had become Protestant. Bierbach belonged to the duchy of Palatine Zweibrücken until in 1794 revolutionary French troops occupied

854-400: Is quite common in the evolution of language over time could have led to constrict "Groß-Pirminsbach" into "Groß-Birbach" and eventually into "Birbach" and lastly into today's form "Bierbach". A different hypothesis stipulates that the development of the name is related to the remains of Roman buildings in the area of Bierbach. This acknowledges that the origin of the word "Bier" derives most of

915-401: Is used for lectures, exhibitions and concerts. West of the former castle grounds is the former monastery church of Franciscan Recollects , built from 1776 to 1778 and today a Catholic parish church. From 1778 to 1793 the church filled the role of a "castle church" and is now colloquially known as the "Schlosskirche". The church was designed by a Franciscan builder named Minder, the construction

976-455: The German Reich , appointing Josef Bürckel as Reichskommissar für die Rückgliederung des Saarlandes , "Reich Commissioner for the reincorporation of the Saarland ." Many opponents of Nazism who had taken refuge in the territory and former politicians and office holders of the Saar who had collaborated with the occupation were imprisoned. When re-incorporation was considered complete,

1037-720: The Sarre Department . With the defeat of France in 1814, the area belonging to France west of the Rhine came first to the Generalgouvernement Mittelrhein . The canton of Blieskastel was placed under the joint Austro-Bavarian State Administration Commission after 1814. In 1816 Austria and Bavaria concluded an exchange agreement, after which the Rheinkreis , the later Bavarian Palatinate, was assigned to kingdom of Bavaria. The canton of Blieskastel

1098-681: The Versailles Treaty the Governing Commission had to establish an assembly of elected representatives of the inhabitants of the Saar Territory in such a manner as the Governing Commission would determine itself. So on 24 March 1922, after four years without any official representation of the people, the Reko decreed the formation of a Saar Territory assembly called the Regional Council (German: Landesrat ). In June 1922

1159-635: The governor 's title was changed again to Reichskommissar für das Saarland , "Reich Commissioner for the Saarland," on 17 June 1936. As the new Gau was extended to the Rhine , including the Bavarian district of Palatinate , the region's name was changed again on 8 April 1940 to Saarpfalz , "Saar-Palatinate." After the Battle of France , the re-annexed territory of the CdZ-Gebiet Lothringen

1220-479: The right of interpellation , nor the right to actively bring a subject to the agenda, nor the right to table a bill. Its members did not enjoy immunity . When the Governing Commission did not set an issue on the Regional Council's agenda, they could only send delegations to the League of Nations with pleas, and so they did. With this situation, all the representatives elected to the Regional Council, regardless of

1281-511: The Bishopry of Speyer. The Protestant Church of Bierbach is located on a southern slope in the midst of the old village with a view over the Bliestal. The building was designed by C. M. Rey from Kaiserslautern as a simple hall construction with a short choir room and an attached bell tower. The building is considered to be a good example of a church build in the neo-Baroque style. The church

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1342-831: The Blieskastel Town Hall (built in the 18th century as a government building and orphanage), the Hercules Fountain of 1691 and the Napoleon Fountain ("Schlangenbrunnen"–Snake Fountain) from 1804, is largely in the Baroque style, which also includes the houses of the court officials on the Schlossberg. These, especially the so-called "Schlößchen" of 1776/77, are the work of the Zweibrücken building director Christian Ludwig Hautt. Altogether,

1403-426: The Governing Commission held the first election of the Regional Council, and starting with the second election of the Regional Council the legislation period was extended from three to four years, with elections in 1928, and in 1932 . The Regional Council counted 30 members, the Governing Commission deliberately determined one person as the chairperson, the president of the Regional Council (Landesratspräsident). In

1464-616: The Middle Rhine. However, from June 16 of that same year, it was placed under the Imperial-Royal Austrian and Royal Bavarian Joint Land Administration Commission. On 14 April 1816, a treaty was signed between Austria and Bavaria, in which various territorial changes were agreed upon. As a consequence Bierbach which was part of the district of Zweibrücken became part of the Bavarian Rheinkreis of which

1525-458: The Odenwald  [ de ] , in which case "Burbach" as it was called in 1314 CE transitioned into "Bierbach" in 1748 CE, where similarly the first part of the name derives from "bûrea" and the second part denominates a creek. In 1563 Count Wolfgang von Zweibrücken asked the geometer and cartographer Tilemann Stella to assess the offices of Zweibrücken and Kirkel. At that time he documented

1586-552: The Saar Basin ( German : Saarbeckengebiet , Saarterritorium ; French : Territoire du bassin de la Sarre ) was a region occupied and governed by the United Kingdom and France from 1920 to 1935 under a League of Nations mandate . It had its own flag (adopted on 28 July 1920): a blue, white, and black horizontal tricolour. The blue and white stood for Bavaria, and white and black for Prussia, out of whose lands

1647-454: The Saar Territory was formed. Initially, the occupation was under the auspices of the Treaty of Versailles . Its population in 1933 was 812,000, and its capital was Saarbrücken . The territory closely corresponds with the modern German state of Saarland , but was slightly smaller in area. After a plebiscite was held in 1935 , it was returned to Germany. Under the Treaty of Versailles ,

1708-528: The State conservator Carl Klein. He found two secondary buildings, additional foundations and a well or cistern. After evaluating the finds it was concluded, that the twin temples was dedicated to the God Mercury and his wife Rosmerta. A significant number of coins were found at the temple district that was helpful in dating the time period in which the temples were frequented. According to time periods in which

1769-449: The administration of Blieskastel from Trier and, in 1661–1676, built a new castle on the old site. In the 18th century under the Counts von der Leyen Blieskastel experienced a new flowering, as in 1773 they moved their residence from Koblenz to Blieskastel and built up Blieskastel as their seat. Under the regent Marianne von der Leyen a cultural center was established in Blieskastel. A period of brisk building activity followed. The palace

1830-636: The area. He lived between 700 CE and 753 CE and was a monk and missionary during the Merovingian era. He founded and restored numerous monasteries in Alemannia, along the Upper Rhine and the Constance region. Traces of his missionary activity in the area can be found in the names of some of the places, streets and buildings in Bierbach. Some have speculated that the name of the village derives from

1891-532: The arrows were shot in by sinners. The chapel, in which a relic of the True Cross was originally venerated, dates from 1682/83. On a southern hill is a neo-baroque Protestant church built in 1912. The landmark of the city is the 4000 year old Gollenstein, which is considered to be the largest menhir in Central Europe at 6.5 metres (21 ft). It stands on the ridge at Blieskastel. Blieskastel

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1952-527: The city of Speyer became the capital. After the lost First World War the Treaty of Versailles of 1919 ordered the separation of western areas of the Palatinate. They were assigned to the newly formed Saar area, which in turn was placed under the administration of the League of Nations. These parts of the territory form today's Saarland and the Saar-Palatinate county. Thus, Homburg, St. Ingbert and

2013-401: The climate is warm and temperate. Even in the driest months, there is a significant amount of precipitation. The average annual temperature is 9.2 °C and approx. 699 mm of precipitation falls annually. Population Distribution in Bierbach an der Blies (31.12.2017) According to the official statistics provided by the town Blieskastel (December 31, 2017), the district Bierbach [2] has

2074-578: The coins were in use, it can be estimated that the temple district was in use at least between the second century BCE and the end of the fourth century CE. It thus would predate the Vicus in Schwarzenacker and would still have been in use after the destruction of the Vicus in 274 CE. After the excavations were completed the temple distract was again completely filled with earth and the ruins are no longer visible. The first documented mention of Bierbach

2135-553: The county and the "Hungericht" to the knight Friedrich von Loewenstein. In 1522 the castle was destroyed by Franz von Sickingen in his feud with the Elector of Trier. In 1553 the rule of Blieskastel was pledged to the counts of County of Nassau-Saarbrücken . In the Thirty Years' War Blieskastel was depopulated. Around 1660, the imperial Freiherr von der Leyen , who had had possessions in Blieskastel since 1456, acquired

2196-404: The first legislative period the Reko did not even choose the president from amongst its members. The assembly was no parliament, but only a consultative body; the representatives could be heard, but had no say in the agenda to be debated, let alone in legislation. The agenda of matters to be debated was exclusively set up by the Governing Commission. The members of the Regional Council had neither

2257-469: The former Franciscan monastery church, the former orphanage and the government building were built. With the French Revolution , the von der Leyen were expelled in 1793, their palace plundered and subsequently destroyed. The ruins were removed in 1802. In 1795 Blieskastel, like the entire left bank of the Rhine, came under French rule, and in 1798 was the capital of the canton of Blieskastel in

2318-528: The highly industrialized Saar Basin, including the Saar Coal District (German: Saarrevier ), was to be occupied and governed by the United Kingdom and France under a League of Nations mandate for a period of fifteen years. Its coalfields were also to be ceded to France. During this time, the Saar Territory was governed by the five-person Governing Commission (German: Regierungskommission ; abbreviated Reko ) made up of representatives of

2379-552: The historic area of Old Blieskastel comprises 133 individual monuments and a further 65 buildings under ensemble protection. The city is located on the SaarPfalz Baroque Route. Above the city once stood the castle, which was largely destroyed during the French Revolution. Only the 17th century " Orangerie " was preserved. The building originally had twelve arches, and was restored from 1982 to 1986 and

2440-601: The last count, Elisabeth, donated the monastery Gräfinthal in Gräfinthal in 1234. Castle and lordship came into possession of the Counts of Salm , then in 1284 of Bishop Burkhard of Metz , who relocated there from Finstingen . After 1337 Blieskastel belonged to the Electorate of Trier . The counts of Veldenz are also counted among the officials of Trier. In 1440, the Elector of Trier , Jakob I , turned over half of

2501-693: The left bank of the Rhine and thus also Bierbach. With the Peace of Campo Formio in 1797 , France annexed the area and in 1798 introduced its administrative system. Following the defeat of Napoleon at the Battle of Leipzig in 1813 and the capture of the Left Bank of the Rhine by the Allies in January 1814, the recaptured territory was put under the provisional authority of the General Government of

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2562-758: The monument had been excavated already in 1809 by the archivist and Justice of the Peace, Franz Carl Derkum. Parts of the tomb and its reconstruction are now exhibited in Speyer at the Historical Museum of the Palatinate . Other artifacts from the excavation at the villa are displayed at the Historical Museum of the Palatinate in Speyer, in the Museum of Pre- and Proto-history in Saarbrücken and at

2623-435: The name "Pirminius". According to this theory the land of the monastery was called Pirmann's land, and those who lived on the lands were called the people of Pirmann (Pirmaansleute). The forest at the monastery was called Pirmann's forest (Pirmannswald) as it is still called today. Two small streams had their origin in this forest: "Groß-Pirminsbach" and "Klein-Pirminsbach". Constrictions and abbreviations of words, something that

2684-481: The name of today's "Bierbach" to be "Beurbach", which would be the linguistic sound evolution from "Bûribach". In 1804 a farmer found artifacts from the Roman era while working on his fields. These finds, however, were not further investigated. More than a century later in 1924, during the excavation work for the new machine factory Dingler, the remains of an extended Roman villa were discovered which probably used to be

2745-657: The nearby Schwarzenacker Roman Museum . However, there was no interest at that time to make the finds accessible to the public and transform the area into an archaeological zone. Between Bierbach and Wörschweiler, a Gallo-Roman temple district was found on the Rödersberg which is located in the Bierbacher Klosterwald. The approximately 60 m long area was surrounded by a 33 m long wall. The sanctuary originally included two temples. The ruins were discovered in 1927 by forest workers. The excavations were led by

2806-605: The occupation forces. Under the terms of the mandate, the Commission had to include at least one French person and one German resident of the Saar. After the fifteen years, a plebiscite would be implemented to determine the Saar's future status. The Territory comprised the portions of the Prussian Rhenish Trier Region and the Bavarian district of the Palatinate , whose populations included

2867-406: The opposing block and support the status quo. For the 1935 status referendum, Social Democrats and Communists suggested, unsuccessfully, that the voters should decide in favour of a continued status quo. In 1933, a considerable number of political opponents of National Socialism moved to the Saar, as it was the only part of Germany that remained under foreign occupation following World War I . As

2928-619: The party, opposed the system of autocratic rule in the Saar Territory. All parties demanded the return of the Saar Territory to Germany where the people could elect the parliament, and the latter again, the government in self-determination . Only after the Nazi takeover in Germany, outlawing all other parties except their own NSDAP , did the Bezirk Saar of the SPD and the Saar branch of the KPD leave

2989-720: The remodeled church became too small. In 1960, therefore, the foundation stone was laid for the new Herz Jesu church on the Hügelstrasse. On June 18, 1961, the Catholic parish church of the Sacred Heart was inaugurated. The old church that emerged from the Brotherhood Chapel and bore 500 years of contemporary history was demolished in 1963. The church is now parish church in the Decanat Saarpfalz in

3050-456: The river on the Bliestal, the ground is mainly composed of sandstone, which makes it difficult to be used for growing food crops. For this reason it was planted with trees and used as a wood resource and as grazing area for cows. The center of the village sits about 220 m (720 ft) above sea level. The highest points are the Steinberg with 349 m (1,145 ft) and the Schucht with approx. 332 m (1,089 ft), respectively. Within

3111-428: The summer residence of a wealthy Roman. The reconstruction showed that the two story villa had a representative row of columns and a large portico. The rectangular building had a length of about 68 m and a depth of about 10 m. The center of the 21-room building was a large hall with a four-meter-wide portal. In the courtyard, at the opposite side of the pillar row, stood a splendidly decorated grave monument. Parts of

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3172-481: The time from the old high German word "bûrea", "bûri", or "bûr" which meant building. It would be conceivable that Germanic settlers after the Romans had abandoned their settlements would call the greek "Bûribach" ("Bûri" = "building", "bach" = "greek"), as it was flowing in the area were previous Roman buildings had stood. In the 16th century the name would have been reinterpreted into "Bierbach". Similar name evolutions can also be seen in other places such as Bierbach in

3233-410: The vote. Following the vote, Hitler announced that Germany "had no further territorial demands to make of France." The Nansen International Office for Refugees was responsible for the successful settlement of the Saar refugees in Paraguay after 1935. On 17 January 1935, the territory's reunion with Germany was approved by the League Council . On 1 March, Germany re-integrated the region into

3294-476: The winter months, temperatures below 0°C can be reached and the summer months can be rather hot reaching up to 40°C. According to the Köppen climate classification , the climate in Bierbach can be classified as CFB. These climates are often found on the western coasts of continents. They are characterized by a humid climate with short dry summers. Heavy precipitation occurs during the mild winters because of continuous presence of mid-latitude cyclones. In Bierbach

3355-416: Was built in Bierbach. After the Protestant Reformation the chapel came into Protestant possession. In 1920, the catholic church construction association bought the old church and made modifications to the building. On 11 June 1923, the renovated church building was consecrated by Bishop Ludwig Sebastian and named Herz Jesu Kirche. After World War II, the number of Catholics living in Bierbach grew rapidly and

3416-433: Was further expanded and on the Schlossberg there were a number of outstanding palaces and mansions for the court officials of the small court, including the so-called "Schlößchen", attributed to the Zweibrücken building director and architect Christian Ludwig Hautt. In addition, other master builders worked there, such as A. G. F. Guillemard, Matthias Weysser, Peter Reheis and the master carpenter Franz Schmitt. During this time

3477-403: Was governed from Saarbrücken, until 1935 as part of Pfalz-Saar, until 1940 as part of the Saarpfalz and until the end of the war together with Lorraine as " Westmark ". After the Second World War , the city of Blieskastel was initially in the French occupation zone and from 1947 to 1956 in the partly autonomous Saarland, which, after rejection of the second Saar statute on January 1, 1957, became

3538-409: Was inaugurated in 1910 and built with funds of the Gustav Adolf foundation. The church is part of the Protestant Parish of Blieskastel and incorporated in the Evangelische Landeskirche of the Palatinate. The cemetery is located at the west end of the outskirts of the village. The graveyard is under the cemetery administration of Blieskastel. Territory of the Saar Basin The Territory of

3599-419: Was incorporated in the Reichsgau . The region's name was finalized on 11 March 1941 as Westmark , meaning "Western March " or "Western Boundary," with its governor styled as Reichsstatthalter in der Westmark , "Reich Governor in the Western March." On 28 September 1944, Reich Commissioner Josef Bürckel died, and was succeeded by Willi Stöhr until 21 March 1945, when the region was conquered by troops of

3660-493: Was led by the Count's Inspector Peter Reheis. Further north on the "Han" is the pilgrimage monastery of Blieskastel, supervised since 2005 by the Franciscan Minorites. In the Holy Cross Chapel at the pilgrimage monastery there is, since 1827, a baroque painting of "Our Lady with the Arrows", which was transferred in 1786 from Gräfinthal to Blieskastel. This image is a unique 14th-century pietà (vesper image), in which there are five iron medieval arrowheads. According to legend

3721-404: Was subordinated to the district administration in Zweibrücken , and, in 1818, came to the Landkommissariat Zweibrücken, and in 1902 to the newly formed district office Sankt Ingbert . From 1920 to 1935 Blieskastel belonged to the Territory of the Saar Basin ( Saargebiet ), which was put under French administration by a mandate of the League of Nations for 15 years. In the Nazi era Blieskastel

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