Bloody Birthday is a 1981 American slasher film directed by Ed Hunt, produced by Gerald T. Olson , and starring Susan Strasberg , José Ferrer , and Lori Lethin . Its plot follows a group of three children born on the same day during a solar eclipse who begin committing murders on their tenth birthdays. Despite mixed reception, it has since accrued a cult following .
47-546: On June 9, 1970, at a hospital in Southern California, three women give birth at the same time during a solar eclipse. Two boys and a girl are born - Curtis Taylor, Debbie Brody, and Steven Seton. Ten years later, on June 1, 1980, a young couple are murdered in a cemetery by unseen assailants. The next day, the town sheriff and Debbie's father, James Brody, goes to the local primary school, where Debbie, Curtis and Steven are friends and classmates. Sheriff Brody shows
94-400: A floor jack (aka 'trolley jack') a horizontal piston pushes on the short end of a bellcrank , with the long arm providing the vertical motion to a lifting pad, kept horizontal with a horizontal linkage. Floor jacks usually include casters and wheels, allowing compensation for the arc taken by the lifting pad. This mechanism provides a low profile when collapsed, for easy maneuvering underneath
141-469: A long assay ton is approximately 32.67 g (1.152 oz). These amounts bear the same ratio to a milligram as a short or long ton bears to a troy ounce . Therefore, the number of milligrams of a particular metal found in a sample weighing one assay ton gives the number of troy ounces of metal contained in a ton of ore. In documents that predate 1960 the word ton is sometimes spelled tonne , but in more recent documents tonne refers exclusively to
188-421: A screw thread for lifting heavy equipment. A hydraulic jack uses hydraulic power . The most common form is a car jack, floor jack or garage jack, which lifts vehicles so that maintenance can be performed. Jacks are usually rated for a maximum lifting capacity (for example, 1.5 tons or 3 tons). Industrial jacks can be rated for many tons of load . The personal name Jack , which came into English usage around
235-406: A capacity of up to 50 tons and may be used to lift a variety of objects. Typical uses include the repair of automobiles and house foundations. Larger, heavy-duty models may be known as a barrel jack. This type of jack is best used for short vertical lifts. Blocks may be used to repeat the operation when a greater amount of elevation is required. An air hydraulic jack is a hydraulic jack that
282-439: A large surface area but lower lifting capacities. Medium-pressure bags are operated at 15 psi. High-pressure bags which have higher lifting capacities are operated at pressure between 90 and 145 psi. Two air bags can be stacked together to provide a higher lift. It is recommended that no more than two bags can be used in a stacked configuration, the bigger bag must be the bottom one, and no other objects are inserted between
329-424: A long history and has acquired several meanings and uses. As a unit of mass , ton can mean: Its original use as a unit of volume has continued in the capacity of cargo ships and in units such as the freight ton and a number of other units, ranging from 35 to 100 cubic feet (0.99 to 2.83 m ) in size. Recent specialized uses include the ton as a means of truck classification . It can also be used as
376-407: A pump either on the baseplate or at a remote location via a pressure hose. With a single action piston the lift range is somewhat limited, so its use for lifting vehicles is limited to those with a relatively high clearance. For lifting structures such as houses the hydraulic interconnection of multiple vertical jacks through valves enables the even distribution of forces while enabling close control of
423-554: A scrapbook owned by Debbie, which contains photos and news articles about the murders she and her friends have committed. She confronts Debbie over it, but Debbie lies and says the scrapbook belongs to Curtis. That night, Debbie murders Beverly and gets Curtis and Steven to help her move the body away from the house in order to avert suspicion. After Beverly's funeral, Curtis, Steven, and Debbie attempt to murder Timmy again before Joyce intervenes. Debbie once again blames Curtis and Steven to make herself look innocent. Joyce threatens to call
470-433: A ton." The ton is derived from the tun , the term applied to a cask of the largest capacity. This could contain a volume between 175 and 213 imperial gallons (210 and 256 US gal ; 800 and 970 L ), which could weigh around 2,000 pounds (910 kg ) and occupy some 60 cubic feet (1.7 m ) of space. There are several similar units of mass or volume called the ton : The difference between
517-432: A unit of energy , or in refrigeration as a unit of power , sometimes called a ton of refrigeration . Because the ton (of any system of measuring weight) is usually the heaviest unit named in colloquial speech, its name also has figurative uses, singular and plural, informally meaning a large amount or quantity, or to a great degree, as in "There's a ton of bees in this hive," "We have tons of homework," and "I love you
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#1732801596967564-409: A vehicle, and to ensure stability when the jack is extended. Hydraulic jacks are often used to lift elevators in low and medium rise buildings. A hydraulic jack uses a liquid, which is incompressible, that is forced into a cylinder by a pump plunger. Oil is used since it is self lubricating and stable. When the plunger pulls back, it draws oil out of the reservoir through a suction check valve into
611-411: Is a conventional value, based on the amount of energy released by burning one tonne of coal. Plural name is tonnes of coal equivalent . The unit ton is used in refrigeration and air conditioning to measure the rate of heat absorption. Prior to the introduction of mechanical refrigeration, cooling was accomplished by delivering ice. Installing one ton of mechanical refrigeration capacity replaced
658-555: Is a conventional value, based on the amount of energy released by burning one tonne of crude oil. The unit is used, for example, by the International Energy Agency (IEA), for the reported world energy consumption as TPES in millions of toe (Mtoe). Other sources convert 1 toe into 1.28 tonne of coal equivalent (tce). 1 toe is also standardized as 7.33 barrel of oil equivalent (boe). A tonne of coal equivalent ( tce ), sometimes ton of coal equivalent ,
705-454: Is actuated by compressed air - for example, air from a compressor - instead of human work. This eliminates the need for the user to actuate the hydraulic mechanism, saving effort and potentially increasing speed. Sometimes, such jacks are also able to be operated by the normal hydraulic actuation method, thereby retaining functionality, even if a source of compressed air is not available. An inflatable jack, lifting bag, or pneumatic lifting bag
752-564: Is an air bag that is inflated by compressed air (without a hydraulic component) in order to lift objects. The bag can be deflated to be reused later. The objects can be of a smaller load such as an automobile or it can be a larger object such as an airplane. Air bags are also used by rescuers to lift heavy objects up to help victims who are trapped under those objects. There are three main types of lifting bags for rescue: high pressure, medium pressure and low pressure systems. Low-pressure bags are operated at 7.25 psi for high vertical lift in
799-515: Is defined as 224 imperial gallons (35.96 cu ft; 1.018 m ), the volume occupied by 1 long ton (2,240 lb; 1,016 kg) of water under the conditions that define the imperial gallon . These are small calories (cal). The large or dietary calorie (Cal) is equal to one kilocalorie (kcal), and is gradually being replaced by the latter correct term. Early values for the explosive energy released by trinitrotoluene (TNT) ranged from 900 to 1100 calories per gram. In order to standardise
846-477: Is equal to 40 cubic feet (1.133 m ), but historically it has had several different definitions. It is used to determine the amount of money to be charged in loading, unloading, or carrying different sorts of cargo. In general if a cargo is heavier than salt water, the actual weight is used. If it is lighter than salt water, e.g. feathers, freight is calculated in measurement tons of 40 cubic feet. Gross tonnage and net tonnage are volumetric measures of
893-552: Is equivalent to 20 hundredweight; however, they are long 51 kilograms (112 lb) or short hundredweight 45 kilograms (100 lb), respectively. Before the 20th century there were several definitions. Prior to the 15th century in England, the ton was 20 hundredweight, each of 108 lb, giving a ton of 2,160 pounds (980 kg). In the 19th century in different parts of Britain, definitions of 2,240, or 2,352, or 2,400 lb were used, with 2,000 lb for explosives;
940-568: Is pronounced / t ɒ n / . In Ireland and most members of the Commonwealth of Nations, a ton is defined as 2,240 pounds (1,016.04691 kg). In the United States and Canada, a ton is defined as 2,000 pounds (907.18474 kg). Assay ton (abbreviation 'AT') is not a unit of measurement but a standard quantity used in assaying ores of precious metals. A short assay ton is approximately 29.17 g (1.029 oz) and
987-414: Is this versatility, along with the long travel it offers and its relative portability, which make the farm jack so popular with off-road drivers. National and international standards have been developed to standardize the safety and performance requirements for jacks and other lifting devices. Selection of the standard is an agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer, and has some significance in
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#17328015969671034-421: The metric ton . In nuclear power plants tHM and MTHM mean tonnes of heavy metals , and MTU means tonnes of uranium . In the steel industry, the abbreviation THM means 'tons/tonnes hot metal', which refers to the amount of liquid iron or steel that is produced, particularly in the context of blast furnace production or specific consumption. A dry ton or dry tonne has the same mass value, but
1081-479: The cargo-carrying capacity of a ship. The Panama Canal/Universal Measurement System (PC/UMS) is based on net tonnage , modified for Panama Canal billing purposes. PC/UMS is based on a mathematical formula to calculate a vessel's total volume; a PC/UMS net ton is equivalent to 100 cubic feet of capacity. The water ton is used chiefly in Great Britain, in statistics dealing with petroleum products, and
1128-480: The class a jump rope handle that was found at the scene of yesterday's crime, but fails to obtain any new information about the murders and leaves. Later, after school, Debbie is playing in the backyard with Curtis and Steven. After Debbie shows James that the handle of her jump rope is missing, she gets Steven to beat him to death with a baseball bat, and the kids frame the death as an accidental fall. However, Debbie notices that their classmate Timmy Russell had witnessed
1175-467: The design of the jack. In the United States, ASME has developed the Safety Standard for Portable Automotive Service Equipment, last revised in 2014, including requirements for hydraulic hand jacks, transmission jacks, emergency tire changing jacks, service jacks, fork lift jacks, and other lifting devices. Ton Ton is any of several units of measure of mass, volume or force . It has
1222-438: The left is made for a modern vehicle and the notch fits into a jack-up point on a unibody . Earlier versions have a platform to lift on a vehicle's frame or axle. Electrically operated car scissor jacks are powered by 12 volt electricity supplied directly from the car's cigarette lighter receptacle . The electrical energy is used to power these car jacks to raise and lower automatically. Electric jacks require less effort from
1269-469: The legal ton was usually 2,240 lb. In the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and other areas that had used the imperial system, the tonne is the form of ton legal in trade. The displacement , essentially the weight, of a ship is traditionally expressed in long tons . To simplify measurement it is determined by measuring the volume , rather than weight, of water displaced, and calculating
1316-431: The lift. The screw version of the bottle jack works by turning a large nut running on the threaded vertical ram at the neck of the body. The nut has gear teeth, and is generally turned by a bevel gear spigotted to the body, the bevel gear being turned manually by a jack handle fitting into a square socket. The ram may have a second screwed ram within it, which doubles the lifting range telescopically. Bottle jacks have
1363-450: The material ( sludge , slurries, compost , and similar mixtures in which solid material is soaked with or suspended in water ) has been dried to a relatively low, consistent moisture level ( dry weight ). If the material is in its natural, wet state, it is called a wet ton or wet tonne . Both the UK definition of long ton and US definition of short ton have similar underlying bases. Each
1410-451: The motorist for operation. A house jack , also called a screw jack , is a mechanical device primarily used to lift buildings from their foundations for repairs or relocation . A series of jacks is used and then wood cribbing temporarily supports the structure. This process is repeated until the desired height is reached. The house jack can be used for jacking carrying beams that have settled or for installing new structural beams . On
1457-439: The murder. After the sheriff's funeral, Curtis and Steve lure Timmy to a junkyard and lock him inside an old refrigerator. Timmy manages to escape and tries to tell his older sister Joyce about the incident, but she doesn't believe him. A few days later, Curtis murders schoolteacher Ms. Davis. The kids also attempt to kill both Timmy and Joyce, but fail. That night, Joyce talks with Timmy about horoscopes, saying that, because
Bloody Birthday - Misplaced Pages Continue
1504-488: The performances (particularly those of Jayne, Freeman, and Hoy) were praised. Allmovie called it "a bloody-fun time that's great for all of the wrong reasons." On Rotten Tomatoes the film holds a 71% based on 7 reviews, with an average rating of 5.2 out of 10. On Metacritic , it has a score of 49%, indicating "mixed or average reviews". Jack (device) A jack is a mechanical lifting device used to apply great forces or lift heavy loads. A mechanical jack employs
1551-435: The police, but Curtis says they'll dismiss her as crazy due to the incident at the birthday party, so an infuriated Joyce lets them go. The next day, Debbie asks Joyce to babysit her, to which she agrees, unaware of her trap. After Joyce and Timmy arrive at Debbie's house, she lets Curtis and Steven in though the back door. Curtis and Steven try to kill Joyce and Timmy, but due to Debbie "fighting back", they successfully subdue
1598-417: The pump chamber. When the plunger moves forward, it pushes the oil through a discharge check valve into the cylinder. The suction valve ball is within the chamber and opens with each draw of the plunger. The discharge valve ball is outside the chamber and opens when the oil is pushed into the cylinder. At this point the suction ball within the chamber is forced shut and oil pressure builds in the cylinder. In
1645-435: The sense 'a machine, usually portable, for lifting heavy weights by force acting from below' is from 1679, referring to 'an Engine used for the removing and commodious placing of great Timber.' A scissor jack use the mechanical advantage of a leadscrew and 4-bar linkage to allow a human to lift a vehicle by manual force alone. They are inexpensive and are common in manufacturer-supplied breakdown kits. The jack shown at
1692-483: The short ton and the other common forms ("long" and "metric") is about 10%, while the metric and long tons differ by less than 2%. The metric tonne is usually distinguished by its spelling when written, but in the United States and United Kingdom, it is pronounced the same as ton, hence is often spoken as "metric ton" when it is necessary to make the distinction. In the United Kingdom the final "e" of "tonne" can also be pronounced ( / ˈ t ʌ n i / ). In Australia, it
1739-470: The solar eclipse that occurred during the births of the three kids blocked Saturn, the planet controlling the way a person treats other people, it means that something is missing from their personalities. Meanwhile, Curtis murders another young couple making out in a van. At the kids' birthday party on June 9, Curtis tricks Joyce into believing that he poisoned the cake to make her look crazy to everyone. That evening, Debbie's older sister Beverly discovers
1786-423: The stacked bags. Incorrect use of stacked bags may result in a bag (or other objects) shooting out to create a dangerous projectile . A strand jack is a specialized hydraulic jack that grips steel cables. Often used in concert, strand jacks can lift hundreds of tons and are used in engineering and construction. The farm jack also known as a railroad jack, high lift jack, handyman jack, trail jack or kanga-jack
1833-477: The thirteenth century as a nickname form of John , came in the sixteenth century to be used as a colloquial word for 'a man (of low status)' (much as in the modern usage 'jack of all trades, master of none'). From here, the word was 'applied to things which in some way take the place of a lad or man, or save human labour'. The first attestation in the Oxford English Dictionary of jack in
1880-420: The top of the jack is a cast iron circular pad that the jacking post rests on. This pad moves independently of the house jack so that it does not turn as the acme-threaded rod is turned with a metal rod. This piece tilts very slightly, but not enough to render the post dangerously out of plumb . In 1838 William Joseph Curtis filed a British patent for a hydraulic jack. In 1851, inventor Richard Dudgeon
1927-422: The two kids and are able to call the police, whom arrest Curtis and Steven the next morning. Some time later, Debbie and her mother have fled to a new town and are staying at a motel, with Debbie now going by the name "Beth". Beth, who had been playing with a truck jack , promises to be a good girl from now on. The two head off together, as the camera pans to reveal a dead mechanic under a truck. Bloody Birthday
Bloody Birthday - Misplaced Pages Continue
1974-658: The use of the term TNT as a unit of energy, an arbitrary value was assigned based on 1,000 calories (1 kcal or 4.184 kJ ) per gram. Thus there is no longer a direct connection to the chemical TNT itself. It is now merely a unit of energy that happens to be expressed using words normally associated with mass (e.g., kilogram, tonne, pound). The definition applies for both spellings: ton of TNT and tonne of TNT . Measurements in tons of TNT have been used primarily to express nuclear weapon yields , though they have also been used since in seismology as well. A tonne of oil equivalent (toe), sometimes ton of oil equivalent ,
2021-423: The vehicle, while allowing considerable extension. A bottle jack or whiskey jack is a jack which resembles a bottle in shape, having a cylindrical body and a neck. Within is a vertical lifting ram with a support pad of some kind fixed to the top. The jack may be hydraulic or work by screw action. In the hydraulic version, the hydraulic ram emerges from the body vertically by hydraulic pressure provided by
2068-417: The weight from the volume and density. For practical purposes the displacement ton (DT) is a unit of volume, 35 cubic feet (0.9911 m ), the approximate volume occupied by one ton of seawater (the actual volume varies with salinity and temperature). It is slightly less than the 224 imperial gallons (1.018 m ) of the water ton (based on distilled water ). One measurement ton or freight ton
2115-514: Was given a belated limited release theatrically in the United States by Rearguard Productions in 1981. It was later released on VHS by Prism Entertainment in 1986 and Starmaker Entertainment in 1990. The film was officially released on DVD by VCI Home Video in 2003. It was released on Blu-ray by 88 Films in 2014. Arrow Video also released it on Blu-ray in 2018. Bloody Birthday received mixed-to-negative reviews from critics, but
2162-412: Was granted a patent for a "portable hydraulic press " – the hydraulic jack, a jack which proved to be vastly superior to the screw jacks in use at the time. Hydraulic jacks are typically used for shop work, rather than as an emergency jack to be carried with the vehicle. Use of jacks not designed for a specific vehicle requires more than the usual care in selecting ground conditions, the jacking point on
2209-502: Was invented in 1905. It consists of a steel beam with a series of equally spaced holes along its length, and a hand-operated mechanism which can be moved from one end of the beam to the other through the use of a pair of climbing pins. Typical sizes for the farm jack are 4 feet (1.2 m), 5 feet (1.5 m)and 6 feet (1.8 m) referring to the length of the beam. The jack's versatility stems from its use for such applications as lifting, winching , clamping , pulling and pushing. It
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