Brahe (originally Bragde ) is the name of two closely related Scanian noble families who were influential in both Danish and Swedish history. The noble families became extinct in Denmark in 1786 and in Sweden in 1930.
69-507: The first member of the family using the name Brahe is speculated to have been Verner Braghde from Halland . Better documented is Peder Axelsen Brahe, who appears in late 14th century records. He had two sons, Thorkild and Axel Pedersen Brahe [ da ] . The Danish branch descended from Axel, and the Swedish branch descended from Thorkild's daughter, Johanna Torkildsdotter Brahe [ sv ] . Johanna Torkildsdotter from
138-400: A (usually small) angle. Sometimes multiple sets of layers with different orientations exist in the same rock, a structure called cross-bedding . Cross-bedding is characteristic of deposition by a flowing medium (wind or water). The opposite of cross-bedding is parallel lamination, where all sedimentary layering is parallel. Differences in laminations are generally caused by cyclic changes in
207-424: A diagenetic structure common in carbonate rocks is a stylolite . Stylolites are irregular planes where material was dissolved into the pore fluids in the rock. This can result in the precipitation of a certain chemical species producing colouring and staining of the rock, or the formation of concretions . Concretions are roughly concentric bodies with a different composition from the host rock. Their formation can be
276-654: A former cover of sedimentary rock that has been eroded. At present the sedimentary cover continues to exist in Scania , Denmark and offshore. The Bronze Age was probably a period of relative prosperity in Halland. This is shown in the number of new settlements and the numerous archaeological remains. Over 1,100 tumuli and grave mounds have been found. The end of the Bronze Age witnessed an over-consumption of resources . Large areas were deforested. This might have been
345-463: A particular sedimentary environment. Examples of bed forms include dunes and ripple marks . Sole markings, such as tool marks and flute casts, are grooves eroded on a surface that are preserved by renewed sedimentation. These are often elongated structures and can be used to establish the direction of the flow during deposition. Ripple marks also form in flowing water. There can be symmetric or asymmetric. Asymmetric ripples form in environments where
414-479: A population of 351,508. During the Danish era until 1658, the province had no coat of arms and no seal. In Sweden, however, every province had been represented by heraldic arms since 1560. When Charles X Gustav of Sweden suddenly died in 1660 a coat of arms had to be created for the newly acquired province, as each province was to be represented by its arms at the royal funeral. There are several theories about
483-465: A red colour does not necessarily mean the rock formed in a continental environment or arid climate. The presence of organic material can colour a rock black or grey. Organic material is formed from dead organisms, mostly plants. Normally, such material eventually decays by oxidation or bacterial activity. Under anoxic circumstances, however, organic material cannot decay and leaves a dark sediment, rich in organic material. This can, for example, occur at
552-455: A result of a high demand for charcoal in smelting gold or bronze among the local elites. The worsening climate at the beginning of the Iron Age meant that the local elites no longer could obtain bronze to the same extent as before. As a result, the social structures collapsed. The early Iron Age social structures seem to have been relatively egalitarian , but from around 200 AD there
621-489: A rock is usually expressed with the Wentworth scale, though alternative scales are sometimes used. The grain size can be expressed as a diameter or a volume, and is always an average value, since a rock is composed of clasts with different sizes. The statistical distribution of grain sizes is different for different rock types and is described in a property called the sorting of the rock. When all clasts are more or less of
690-465: A sediment after its initial deposition. This includes compaction and lithification of the sediments. Early stages of diagenesis, described as eogenesis , take place at shallow depths (a few tens of meters) and is characterized by bioturbation and mineralogical changes in the sediments, with only slight compaction. The red hematite that gives red bed sandstones their color is likely formed during eogenesis. Some biochemical processes, like
759-431: A sedimentary rock may have been present in the original sediments or may formed by precipitation during diagenesis. In the second case, a mineral precipitate may have grown over an older generation of cement. A complex diagenetic history can be established by optical mineralogy , using a petrographic microscope . Carbonate rocks predominantly consist of carbonate minerals such as calcite, aragonite or dolomite . Both
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#1732773320010828-516: A small-scale property of a rock, but determines many of its large-scale properties, such as the density , porosity or permeability . The 3D orientation of the clasts is called the fabric of the rock. The size and form of clasts can be used to determine the velocity and direction of current in the sedimentary environment that moved the clasts from their origin; fine, calcareous mud only settles in quiet water while gravel and larger clasts are moved only by rapidly moving water. The grain size of
897-952: A term for a fissile mudrock (regardless of grain size) although some older literature uses the term "shale" as a synonym for mudrock. Biochemical sedimentary rocks are created when organisms use materials dissolved in air or water to build their tissue. Examples include: Chemical sedimentary rock forms when mineral constituents in solution become supersaturated and inorganically precipitate . Common chemical sedimentary rocks include oolitic limestone and rocks composed of evaporite minerals, such as halite (rock salt), sylvite , baryte and gypsum . This fourth miscellaneous category includes volcanic tuff and volcanic breccias formed by deposition and later cementation of lava fragments erupted by volcanoes, and impact breccias formed after impact events . Alternatively, sedimentary rocks can be subdivided into compositional groups based on their mineralogy: Sedimentary rocks are formed when sediment
966-417: A texture, only the average size of the crystals and the fabric are necessary. Most sedimentary rocks contain either quartz ( siliciclastic rocks) or calcite ( carbonate rocks ). In contrast to igneous and metamorphic rocks, a sedimentary rock usually contains very few different major minerals. However, the origin of the minerals in a sedimentary rock is often more complex than in an igneous rock. Minerals in
1035-535: A title was held by Prince Bertil, Duke of Halland (1912–1997), who was survived by his wife Princess Lilian, Duchess of Halland (1976–2013), and currently is held by Prince Julian (since 2021). Football in the province is administered by Hallands Fotbollförbund . Team handball is also popular, with HK Drott , HK Aranäs and HK Varberg . 56°45′N 13°00′E / 56.750°N 13.000°E / 56.750; 13.000 Sedimentary rock Sedimentary rocks are types of rock that are formed by
1104-425: A valuable indicator of the biological and ecological environment that existed after the sediment was deposited. On the other hand, the burrowing activity of organisms can destroy other (primary) structures in the sediment, making a reconstruction more difficult. Secondary structures can also form by diagenesis or the formation of a soil ( pedogenesis ) when a sediment is exposed above the water level. An example of
1173-503: Is deposited out of air, ice, wind, gravity, or water flows carrying the particles in suspension . This sediment is often formed when weathering and erosion break down a rock into loose material in a source area. The material is then transported from the source area to the deposition area. The type of sediment transported depends on the geology of the hinterland (the source area of the sediment). However, some sedimentary rocks, such as evaporites , are composed of material that form at
1242-421: Is a structure where beds with a smaller grain size occur on top of beds with larger grains. This structure forms when fast flowing water stops flowing. Larger, heavier clasts in suspension settle first, then smaller clasts. Although graded bedding can form in many different environments, it is a characteristic of turbidity currents . The surface of a particular bed, called the bedform , can also be indicative of
1311-409: Is called bedding . Single beds can be a couple of centimetres to several meters thick. Finer, less pronounced layers are called laminae, and the structure a lamina forms in a rock is called lamination . Laminae are usually less than a few centimetres thick. Though bedding and lamination are often originally horizontal in nature, this is not always the case. In some environments, beds are deposited at
1380-429: Is higher when the sedimentation rate is high (so that a carcass is quickly buried), in anoxic environments (where little bacterial activity occurs) or when the organism had a particularly hard skeleton. Larger, well-preserved fossils are relatively rare. Fossils can be both the direct remains or imprints of organisms and their skeletons. Most commonly preserved are the harder parts of organisms such as bones, shells, and
1449-491: Is mirrored by the broad categories of rudites , arenites , and lutites , respectively, in older literature. The subdivision of these three broad categories is based on differences in clast shape (conglomerates and breccias), composition (sandstones), or grain size or texture (mudrocks). Conglomerates are dominantly composed of rounded gravel, while breccias are composed of dominantly angular gravel. Sandstone classification schemes vary widely, but most geologists have adopted
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#17327733200101518-522: Is one of the traditional provinces of Sweden ( landskap ), on the western coast of Götaland , southern Sweden . It borders Västergötland , Småland , Scania and the sea of Kattegat . Until 1645 and the Second Treaty of Brömsebro , it was part of the Kingdom of Denmark . Its name means Land of Rocky Slabs (Swedish: hällar ) referring to the coastal cliffs of especially the northern part of
1587-401: Is reduced. Sediments are typically saturated with groundwater or seawater when originally deposited, and as pore space is reduced, much of these connate fluids are expelled. In addition to this physical compaction, chemical compaction may take place via pressure solution . Points of contact between grains are under the greatest strain, and the strained mineral is more soluble than the rest of
1656-443: Is spoken and in the south the spoken language is a variety of Scanian . As early as the 13th century, southern Halland was given as duchy to a branch of the Danish royal family. In the 14th century, it was given to various relatives and friends of Danish and Swedish royal families, such as Bengt Algotsson (during 1353–1357). Since 1772 Swedish royal princes have been nominated dukes of provinces without political significance. Such
1725-493: Is the most stable, followed by feldspar , micas , and finally other less stable minerals that are only present when little weathering has occurred. The amount of weathering depends mainly on the distance to the source area, the local climate and the time it took for the sediment to be transported to the point where it is deposited. In most sedimentary rocks, mica, feldspar and less stable minerals have been weathered to clay minerals like kaolinite , illite or smectite . Among
1794-495: The Scanian War . The more peaceful conditions that followed meant that the province could start to develop again. The 19th century saw the farming develop quickly to become one of the more efficient in the country by the end of the century. Parts of the province did however remain poor and erosion and blown sand remained a problem for much of the century. The county did therefore see a lot of emigration , continuing well into
1863-763: The Scanian lands (then part of the Kingdom of Denmark ) Halland came under the Scanian Law and participated in the Scanian Thing , one of three Things electing the Danish king. Local assemblies took place in Getinge . Halland was the scene of considerable military action from the 13th century and on as Sweden , Denmark and to some degree Norway fought for supremacy in Scandinavia . The many wars made
1932-463: The history of life . The scientific discipline that studies the properties and origin of sedimentary rocks is called sedimentology . Sedimentology is part of both geology and physical geography and overlaps partly with other disciplines in the Earth sciences , such as pedology , geomorphology , geochemistry and structural geology . Sedimentary rocks can be subdivided into four groups based on
2001-682: The organic material of a dead organism undergoes chemical reactions in which volatiles such as water and carbon dioxide are expulsed. The fossil, in the end, consists of a thin layer of pure carbon or its mineralized form, graphite . This form of fossilisation is called carbonisation . It is particularly important for plant fossils. The same process is responsible for the formation of fossil fuels like lignite or coal. Structures in sedimentary rocks can be divided into primary structures (formed during deposition) and secondary structures (formed after deposition). Unlike textures, structures are always large-scale features that can easily be studied in
2070-525: The 20th century. The 20th century has seen the province becoming one of the fastest growing in Sweden, as it has doubled its population since World War II . This is in part due to the northern parts, such as Kungsbacka and Onsala , more or less becoming suburbs of Gothenburg . During Danish rule, privileges to towns in Halland were granted to: Such privileges have no official significance nowadays. Hundreds of Sweden were provincial divisions until
2139-523: The Danish Brahe family, married Magnus Laurentsson in Sweden. Their son took his mother's family name Brahe, but not her family arms. Per Brahe was in 1561 granted the title of count by Eric XIV of Sweden , and in 1620 the family was introduced in the House of Nobility ( Riddarhuset ) as the first counts. Halland Halland ( Swedish pronunciation: [ˈhǎlːand] )
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2208-501: The Dott scheme, which uses the relative abundance of quartz, feldspar, and lithic framework grains and the abundance of a muddy matrix between the larger grains. Six sandstone names are possible using the descriptors for grain composition (quartz-, feldspathic-, and lithic-) and the amount of matrix (wacke or arenite). For example, a quartz arenite would be composed of mostly (>90%) quartz grains and have little or no clayey matrix between
2277-474: The accumulation or deposition of mineral or organic particles at Earth's surface , followed by cementation . Sedimentation is the collective name for processes that cause these particles to settle in place. The particles that form a sedimentary rock are called sediment , and may be composed of geological detritus (minerals) or biological detritus (organic matter). The geological detritus originated from weathering and erosion of existing rocks, or from
2346-470: The activity of bacteria , can affect minerals in a rock and are therefore seen as part of diagenesis. Deeper burial is accompanied by mesogenesis , during which most of the compaction and lithification takes place. Compaction takes place as the sediments come under increasing overburden (lithostatic) pressure from overlying sediments. Sediment grains move into more compact arrangements, grains of ductile minerals (such as mica ) are deformed, and pore space
2415-399: The bottom of deep seas and lakes. There is little water mixing in such environments; as a result, oxygen from surface water is not brought down, and the deposited sediment is normally a fine dark clay. Dark rocks, rich in organic material, are therefore often shales. The size , form and orientation of clasts (the original pieces of rock) in a sediment is called its texture . The texture is
2484-504: The cement and the clasts (including fossils and ooids ) of a carbonate sedimentary rock usually consist of carbonate minerals. The mineralogy of a clastic rock is determined by the material supplied by the source area, the manner of its transport to the place of deposition and the stability of that particular mineral. The resistance of rock-forming minerals to weathering is expressed by the Goldich dissolution series . In this series, quartz
2553-421: The cement to produce secondary porosity . At sufficiently high temperature and pressure, the realm of diagenesis makes way for metamorphism , the process that forms metamorphic rock . The color of a sedimentary rock is often mostly determined by iron , an element with two major oxides: iron(II) oxide and iron(III) oxide . Iron(II) oxide (FeO) only forms under low oxygen ( anoxic ) circumstances and gives
2622-401: The choice of a lion. Bengt Algotsson , duke of Halland and Finland in the 14th century, used a lion in his personal arms, blazoned Azure, a Lion rampant Argent langued and armed Gules. The same coat of arms was later granted for the administrative Halland County, which has almost the same boundaries. The rivers of Viskan , Ätran , Nissan and Lagan flow through the province and reach
2691-639: The continents of the Earth's crust is extensive (73% of the Earth's current land surface), but sedimentary rock is estimated to be only 8% of the volume of the crust. Sedimentary rocks are only a thin veneer over a crust consisting mainly of igneous and metamorphic rocks . Sedimentary rocks are deposited in layers as strata , forming a structure called bedding . Sedimentary rocks are often deposited in large structures called sedimentary basins . Sedimentary rocks have also been found on Mars . The study of sedimentary rocks and rock strata provides information about
2760-572: The current is in one direction, such as rivers. The longer flank of such ripples is on the upstream side of the current. Symmetric wave ripples occur in environments where currents reverse directions, such as tidal flats. Mudcracks are a bed form caused by the dehydration of sediment that occasionally comes above the water surface. Such structures are commonly found at tidal flats or point bars along rivers. Secondary sedimentary structures are those which formed after deposition. Such structures form by chemical, physical and biological processes within
2829-663: The dominant particle size. Most geologists use the Udden-Wentworth grain size scale and divide unconsolidated sediment into three fractions: gravel (>2 mm diameter), sand (1/16 to 2 mm diameter), and mud (<1/16 mm diameter). Mud is further divided into silt (1/16 to 1/256 mm diameter) and clay (<1/256 mm diameter). The classification of clastic sedimentary rocks parallels this scheme; conglomerates and breccias are made mostly of gravel, sandstones are made mostly of sand , and mudrocks are made mostly of mud. This tripartite subdivision
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2898-463: The early 20th century, when they lost importance. Halland's hundreds were: Faurås Hundred , Fjäre Hundred , Halmstad Hundred , Himle Hundred , Höks Hundred , Tönnersjö Hundred , Viske Hundred and Årstad Hundred . The language varieties spoken in Halland are together called halländska , though they belong to two main dialectal groups. In northern Halland a variation of the Götaland dialect
2967-489: The field. Sedimentary structures can indicate something about the sedimentary environment or can serve to tell which side originally faced up where tectonics have tilted or overturned sedimentary layers. Sedimentary rocks are laid down in layers called beds or strata . A bed is defined as a layer of rock that has a uniform lithology and texture. Beds form by the deposition of layers of sediment on top of each other. The sequence of beds that characterizes sedimentary rocks
3036-404: The flow calms and the particles settle out of suspension . Most authors presently use the term "mudrock" to refer to all rocks composed dominantly of mud. Mudrocks can be divided into siltstones, composed dominantly of silt-sized particles; mudstones with subequal mixture of silt- and clay-sized particles; and claystones, composed mostly of clay-sized particles. Most authors use " shale " as
3105-485: The grain. As a result, the contact points are dissolved away, allowing the grains to come into closer contact. The increased pressure and temperature stimulate further chemical reactions, such as the reactions by which organic material becomes lignite or coal. Lithification follows closely on compaction, as increased temperatures at depth hasten the precipitation of cement that binds the grains together. Pressure solution contributes to this process of cementation , as
3174-510: The grains, a lithic wacke would have abundant lithic grains and abundant muddy matrix, etc. Although the Dott classification scheme is widely used by sedimentologists, common names like greywacke , arkose , and quartz sandstone are still widely used by non-specialists and in popular literature. Mudrocks are sedimentary rocks composed of at least 50% silt- and clay-sized particles. These relatively fine-grained particles are commonly transported by turbulent flow in water or air, and deposited as
3243-587: The host rock. For example, a shell consisting of calcite can dissolve while a cement of silica then fills the cavity. In the same way, precipitating minerals can fill cavities formerly occupied by blood vessels , vascular tissue or other soft tissues. This preserves the form of the organism but changes the chemical composition, a process called permineralization . The most common minerals involved in permineralization are various forms of amorphous silica ( chalcedony , flint , chert ), carbonates (especially calcite), and pyrite . At high pressure and temperature,
3312-586: The kernel from which new areas were settled during medieval times. According to information from a trader travelling from Skiringssal , close to the Oslofjord to Hedeby in the 870s it can be concluded that Halland was a Danish area at that time. It would stay so for most of recorded history. Iron extraction is known to have taken place in Hishult and Tvååker / Sibbarp during the Iron Age. As part of
3381-435: The lithologies dehydrates. Clay can be easily compressed as a result of dehydration, while sand retains the same volume and becomes relatively less dense. On the other hand, when the pore fluid pressure in a sand layer surpasses a critical point, the sand can break through overlying clay layers and flow through, forming discordant bodies of sedimentary rock called sedimentary dykes . The same process can form mud volcanoes on
3450-598: The major battles of the Northern Seven Years' War , the battle of Axtorna , took place in Halland. Halland was temporarily (for a period of 30 years) transferred to Sweden in 1645 under the terms of the Second Treaty of Brömsebro . The conquest was later made permanent by the ceding of the province in the Treaty of Roskilde in 1658. The last battle in Halland took place in Fyllebro on 17 August 1676, during
3519-450: The mineral dissolved from strained contact points is redeposited in the unstrained pore spaces. This further reduces porosity and makes the rock more compact and competent . Unroofing of buried sedimentary rock is accompanied by telogenesis , the third and final stage of diagenesis. As erosion reduces the depth of burial, renewed exposure to meteoric water produces additional changes to the sedimentary rock, such as leaching of some of
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#17327733200103588-615: The next century, with the river Ätran forming a boundary. The lords of the two parts succeeded each other in a high tempo. As the Kalmar Union was formed, Halland came for a brief period of time to be centrally located. According to the union treaty, the king was to be elected in Halmstad . During the rebellion of Engelbrekt in 1434 the fortress in Falkenberg was burnt down and two years later Lagaholm [ sv ]
3657-438: The place of deposition. The nature of a sedimentary rock, therefore, not only depends on the sediment supply, but also on the sedimentary depositional environment in which it formed. As sediments accumulate in a depositional environment, older sediments are buried by younger sediments, and they undergo diagenesis. Diagenesis includes all the chemical, physical, and biological changes, exclusive of surface weathering, undergone by
3726-627: The processes responsible for their formation: clastic sedimentary rocks, biochemical (biogenic) sedimentary rocks, chemical sedimentary rocks, and a fourth category for "other" sedimentary rocks formed by impacts, volcanism , and other minor processes. Clastic sedimentary rocks are composed of rock fragments ( clasts ) that have been cemented together. The clasts are commonly individual grains of quartz , feldspar , clay minerals , or mica . However, any type of mineral may be present. Clasts may also be lithic fragments composed of more than one mineral. Clastic sedimentary rocks are subdivided according to
3795-486: The province poor. Not only were material damages caused by military action, but the social impact of the fighting was devastating; people lacked the motivation to invest in their land and properties as it was likely to be destroyed anyway. The county was the site of combat and plunder three times during the 13th Century: in 1256 Haakon IV of Norway invaded, followed by Magnus III of Sweden in 1277 and Eric VI of Denmark in 1294. The county came to be split in two parts for
3864-480: The region. The provinces of Sweden serve no administrative function. Instead, that function is served by the Counties of Sweden . However, the province of Halland is almost coextensive with the administrative Halland County , though parts of the province belong to Västra Götaland County and Skåne County , while the county also includes parts of Småland and Västergötland . As of 31 December 2023, Halland had
3933-480: The result of localized precipitation due to small differences in composition or porosity of the host rock, such as around fossils, inside burrows or around plant roots. In carbonate rocks such as limestone or chalk , chert or flint concretions are common, while terrestrial sandstones sometimes contain iron concretions. Calcite concretions in clay containing angular cavities or cracks are called septarian concretions . After deposition, physical processes can deform
4002-454: The rock a grey or greenish colour. Iron(III) oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) in a richer oxygen environment is often found in the form of the mineral hematite and gives the rock a reddish to brownish colour. In arid continental climates rocks are in direct contact with the atmosphere, and oxidation is an important process, giving the rock a red or orange colour. Thick sequences of red sedimentary rocks formed in arid climates are called red beds . However,
4071-469: The same size, the rock is called 'well-sorted', and when there is a large spread in grain size, the rock is called 'poorly sorted'. The form of the clasts can reflect the origin of the rock. For example, coquina , a rock composed of clasts of broken shells, can only form in energetic water. The form of a clast can be described by using four parameters: Chemical sedimentary rocks have a non-clastic texture, consisting entirely of crystals. To describe such
4140-620: The sea in Kattegat . Halland is well known for its fertile soil and as an agricultural district. Most of the region is made up of a relief unit known as the Sub-Mesozoic hilly peneplain . Around Morup and Tvååker hilltops are remnants of the Sub-Cambrian peneplain , an ancient erosion surface that covers much of eastern Sweden. Loose flint nodules of Cretaceous age have been found around Halland. The flints are remnants of
4209-433: The sediment supply, caused, for example, by seasonal changes in rainfall, temperature or biochemical activity. Laminae that represent seasonal changes (similar to tree rings ) are called varves . Any sedimentary rock composed of millimeter or finer scale layers can be named with the general term laminite . When sedimentary rocks have no lamination at all, their structural character is called massive bedding. Graded bedding
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#17327733200104278-402: The sediment, producing a third class of secondary structures. Density contrasts between different sedimentary layers, such as between sand and clay, can result in flame structures or load casts , formed by inverted diapirism . While the clastic bed is still fluid, diapirism can cause a denser upper layer to sink into a lower layer. Sometimes, density contrasts occur or are enhanced when one of
4347-443: The sediment. They can be indicators of circumstances after deposition. Some can be used as way up criteria . Organic materials in a sediment can leave more traces than just fossils. Preserved tracks and burrows are examples of trace fossils (also called ichnofossils). Such traces are relatively rare. Most trace fossils are burrows of molluscs or arthropods . This burrowing is called bioturbation by sedimentologists. It can be
4416-535: The solidification of molten lava blobs erupted by volcanoes. The geological detritus is transported to the place of deposition by water, wind, ice or mass movement , which are called agents of denudation . Biological detritus was formed by bodies and parts (mainly shells) of dead aquatic organisms, as well as their fecal mass, suspended in water and slowly piling up on the floor of water bodies ( marine snow ). Sedimentation may also occur as dissolved minerals precipitate from water solution . The sedimentary rock cover of
4485-453: The subsurface that is useful for civil engineering , for example in the construction of roads , houses , tunnels , canals or other structures. Sedimentary rocks are also important sources of natural resources including coal , fossil fuels , drinking water and ores . The study of the sequence of sedimentary rock strata is the main source for an understanding of the Earth's history , including palaeogeography , paleoclimatology and
4554-527: The three major types of rock, fossils are most commonly found in sedimentary rock. Unlike most igneous and metamorphic rocks, sedimentary rocks form at temperatures and pressures that do not destroy fossil remnants. Often these fossils may only be visible under magnification . Dead organisms in nature are usually quickly removed by scavengers , bacteria , rotting and erosion, but under exceptional circumstances, these natural processes are unable to take place, leading to fossilisation. The chance of fossilisation
4623-404: The woody tissue of plants. Soft tissue has a much smaller chance of being fossilized, and the preservation of soft tissue of animals older than 40 million years is very rare. Imprints of organisms made while they were still alive are called trace fossils , examples of which are burrows , footprints , etc. As a part of a sedimentary rock, fossils undergo the same diagenetic processes as does
4692-560: Was a trend in which villages formed larger communities and small kingdoms . This is likely to have been a distant influence from the growing Roman Empire . During the 5th and 6th century large free-standing farms were created; they grew larger as time passed. An example of such a farm can be found in Slöinge . It was not just the social structure that changed, so too did the settlement structure . New villages were formed, while old ones were abandoned. The new centers that were formed became
4761-706: Was captured by the Swedes. The Swedo-Danish struggles in the early 16th century came to affect the province as well, as in 1519 when the border regions were sacked by the Swedes as a vengeance for similar Danish action in Västergötland . The Danish civil war called the Count's Feud in 1534–1536, the Northern Seven Years' War between Denmark-Norway and Sweden in 1563–1570 and the Kalmar War between Denmark-Norway and Sweden in 1611–1613 all affected Halland. One of
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