52-643: The Bremer River is the name of several rivers in Australia: Bremer River (Queensland) is a tributary of the Brisbane River Bremer River (South Australia) flows into Lake Alexandrina near the end of the Murray River Bremer River (Western Australia) flows to sea on the south coast between Albany and Esperance Bremer River (Northern Territory)
104-516: A depot to alleviate a shortage of labour. Immigrants were brought to Ipswich by paddle steamer . The depot was sometimes overcrowded and continued to operate until 1900. Before the railway line from Ipswich to Brisbane was completed in 1875, the river served as an important navigation route between the two towns. The Bremer Catchment Association was established in 1995. The group engages small community groups in projects such as weed control and tree planting. Industrial waste has flowed into
156-718: A few men to scout a route to the north-east. On Evans' return, the expedition crossed the river that Oxley would name the Castlereagh, went towards the Warrumbungle Mountains, which he named at the time 'Arbuthnot's Range' and easterly through the Gooriananwa Gap From here they moved forward to come upon the rich soil of the Liverpool Plains. On 26 August 1818 they climbed a hill and saw before them rich, fertile land (Peel River), near
208-535: A halt on that river at the Macquarie Marshes in a good season for the marshes as the Macquarie was in flood replenishing these vital wetlands. Oxley tried hard to proceed through them but couldn't do so. He returned to the encampment of the rest of his party now convinced that these westward flowing rivers terminated in an inland sea, and he had been on the swampy edge of it. Through Oxley, the theory of
260-467: A lovely infant of four years old, that fell into a well 100 feet deep, close under the Hyde Park Barrack wall, and was drowned before aid could be afforded; to which effect a Verdict was returned. The criminality of suffering a well to be so publicly exposed, calls forth appropriate indignation." In October 1821, Oxley married Emma Norton (1798–1885) at St Philip's Anglican Church . Emma was
312-515: A passenger Governor William Bligh , who had been deposed in the Rum Rebellion . When Bligh was deposed, Oxley denied he supported Macarthur but his letters showed that he was close to him. In 1810, Oxley returned to England. During this period, Oxley sought the positions of Naval Officer and Surveyor-General. He retired from the Navy in 1811 and was briefly in an engagement to Elizabeth Macarthur
364-480: A prospect of success" and that "perhaps a more miserable sterile Country was never traversed by man " . In 1823, Governor Brisbane sent Oxley north by boat in search of a site for an alternative penal settlement for the most difficult convicts. On this journey, he visited the Tweed River and valley and was deeply impressed, recording his impressions as follows: "A deep rich valley clothed with magnificent trees,
416-502: A short distance they then proceeded in a south-westerly direction through Ungarie and past Weethalle, intending to travel overland to the southern Australian coastline. By the end of May, the party found themselves in a dry scrubby country northeast of Yenda where they ascended several peaks in the Cocoparra National Park. Shortage of water and the death of two horses forced Oxley's return, passing near Rankins Springs to
468-542: A small hill and named it Mt Harris in honour of John Harris accompanying him. On the same day the mountains in the distance to the east (now known by their Aboriginal name, the Warrumbungles) were named Arbuthnot's Ranges for the Rt Hon C. Arbuthnot of H.M. Treasury. Mt Harris is 54 km N-NW of present-day Warren. They continued by boat and horses until they reached the Macquarie Marshes where it spread out through
520-580: A substantial town house in Sydney. Oxley was briefly a director of the Bank of New South Wales . He was one of five members of the original 1824 New South Wales Legislative Council , but was not reappointed when the council was reconstituted in 1825. Oxley had three daughters out of wedlock with two women, before he married a third woman. Two of these daughters were with Charlotte Thorpe and born before his inland expeditions: Jeanette b. 1813 who died in 1875 and
572-817: A tributary of the Bremer, in 2009. The source of the contamination was discharge from the RAAF Base Amberley . The contaminates did not reach the Bremer River itself. In 2010, the Ipswich City Council and the International Riverfoundation launched a fund to help clean up the river. The worst pest species was the introduced water hyacinth , which sometimes was so dense it blocked boats. Severe outbreaks occurred in 1917, 1935—36, 1941 and 1965. Moogerah Dam
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#1732776637379624-760: Is Flinders Peak and the Flinders Peak Group . The river has a number of tributaries including Deebing Creek, Bundamba Creek, Purga Creek, Reynolds Creek, Warrill Creek, Western Creek and Franklin Vale Creek. The town of Grandchester is situated on Western Creek and Rosevale was settled on the upper reaches. Its length is about 100 km (62 mi). The Bremer River was known as The Urarrar meaning Red Stemmed Gum Trees in Yugararpul language according to The Queenslander (Brisbane, Qld,: 1866-1939), Thursday 18 January 1934, page 13. A tree grown along
676-541: Is buried in the historic cemetery at South Head, and Frances b. 1815 who married William Waugh and is buried in Tenterfield . He had another daughter, Louisa b. 1821, with Elizabeth Marmon. This child drowned (aged 3) in early December 1824 in a well opposite Oxley's house in Macquarie Street, Sydney. The newspaper report was as follows: "An Inquest was held on Saturday last, on the body of Louisa Oxley,
728-552: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Bremer River (Queensland) The Bremer River is a river that is a tributary of the Brisbane River , located in the Scenic Rim and Brisbane regions of South East Queensland , Australia . The 100-kilometre (62 mi)-long Bremer River drains several Scenic Rim valleys in south-east Queensland, including
780-516: Is known to flood and is considered to be heavily polluted , suffering from poor water quality . The Bremer as a river suffers from low flows in drought conditions and outflow constrictions from the tidal mid Brisbane , which means water and contaminants have a high residency period catchment and only really flush in high flows or floods. This results in poor water quality with high levels of turbidity , high nutrient levels and high levels of bacteria , especially where sewage and drain runoff from
832-514: Is on Melville Island (Northern Territory) [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles about distinct geographical locations with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bremer_River&oldid=545372436 " Category : Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
884-583: Is perhaps best known for his two expeditions into the interior of New South Wales and his exploration of the Tweed River and the Brisbane River in what is now the state of Queensland . John Oxley was born in 1784 at Kirkham Abbey near Westow in Yorkshire , England, and baptised at Bulmer in St Martin's Church on 6 July 1784. He was the eldest of eight children of John and Arabella Oxley and
936-628: The Bogan River and then across to the Wellington Valley on the upper waters of the Macquarie River , which they followed back to Bathurst (arriving on 29 August 1817). The Wellington Valley would later be made the site of a convict settlement mostly for convict 'specials'. Although disappointed by his Lachlan expedition, in not following the river all the way to its end, John Oxley took up Macquarie's next directive to explore
988-662: The Broad Gauge Act which encouraged the use of wagons with broad wheels instead of narrow-tired drays in order to cause less wear on public roads; this measure made him unpopular with the farmers and carriers in his electorate and he lost his seat. The younger son, Henry Oxley , also became a Member of the Legislative Assembly, representing the Electoral district of Camden between 1859 and 1860. Oxley suffered with illness throughout his service, caused by
1040-542: The Fassifern Valley , with its catchment area covering approximately 2,032 square kilometres (785 sq mi). Most valleys within the catchment have extensive river terraces . The Bremer River system is extremely degraded. European explorers John Oxley and Allan Cunningham visited the river in 1824 and it was first named by Oxley as Bremer's Creek presumably after Captain Gordon Bremer who
1092-737: The Lachlan River in May 1815. Now Macquarie wanted the Lachlan and Macquarie River explored thoroughly. Opening up of the new lands over the mountains had created enthusiasm for further discoveries about them and the Macquarie River. Mysteriously, the Macquarie and the Lachlan flowed westwards to the interior of the country and not easterly towards the coastline. Successively, in 1817 and 1818 Governor Macquarie appointed John Oxley in charge of two expeditions to investigate these rivers. On
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#17327766373791144-492: The 1817 Lachlan expedition, Oxley was to come across marshy country and conclude this inland area was uninhabitable. If he had pressed on for two more days he would have reached the Murrumbidgee River . Oxley reported that, in his opinion, the Lachlan flowed into an extensive series of swamps, "which were, perhaps, the margin of a great inland sea." Similarly, the Macquarie expedition the following year in 1818 came to
1196-700: The Australian inland sea was fed and perpetuated, In March 1817 John Oxley was instructed to take charge of an expedition to explore and survey the course of the Lachlan River . He left Sydney on 6 April 1817 with George Evans as second-in-command, and Allan Cunningham as a botanist. The previous year, Evans had accompanied Macquarie over the Blue Mountains to Bathurst on the celebratory completion of Cox's road, where Macquarie had directed him on an exploratory journey which resulted in Evans reaching and naming
1248-654: The Brisbane River and, travelling further up, then located the Bremer River . Oxley was a Protestant and subscribed to both the Anglican Church and Presbyterian Church where he was one of the congregation. Governor Lachlan Macquarie granted Oxley 600 acres (240 ha) near Camden in 1810, which he increased to 1,000 acres (400 ha) in 1815. Oxley named this property Kirkham after his birthplace and raised and bred sheep there. He also kept
1300-604: The Lachlan River west of Bathurst in May 1815. The party also included William Parr as a mineralogist and draftsman . Oxley's party reached Bathurst after a week, where they were briefly detained by bad weather. On 25 April 1817, they reached the Lachlan River Depot which had been prepared for them (with provisions and supplies) in advance by a separate party under the direction of William Cox. From here, they commenced following its course, with part of
1352-455: The Lachlan River. On 23 June the Lachlan River near Merrigal Bridge was reached: "we suddenly came upon the banks of the river… which we had quitted nearly five weeks before". They followed the course of the Lachlan River through Hillston and Booligal for a fortnight. The party encountered much-flooded country and reached a point five kilometres south-west of Booligal which was their last campsite. On 7 July Oxley proceeded another 16 km along
1404-598: The Macquarie River. He departed from Bathurst on 28 May 1818 with an exploration party that comprised Deputy Surveyor General George Evans, Oxley's friend Dr John Harris, a botanist named Charles Frazer, and twelve convict men. The names of the twelve convict men were later recorded by Governor Macquarie in his diary, upon the party's eventual return to Sydney. "The following are their Names: William Warner, Patrick Byrne, James Blake, George Simpson, James Williams, John Williams, Francis Lloyd, Barnard Butler, Thomas Ellis, John Dwyer, Richard Watts, Henry Shippey." He also noted that
1456-485: The NSW coast and the site of present-day Port Macquarie. These European sightings delivered a real boost to the NSW colony. On 12 June 1818 Oxley was near the site that would become Dubbo. He wrote that he had passed that day 'over a very beautiful country, thinly wooded and apparently safe from the highest floods...'. they continued to follow the Macquarie River through land that became increasingly flat. On 27 June they spotted
1508-511: The area in 1825, noting the junction of the Bremer, referring to it as Bremer's Creek but he did not explore it. The first European to travel along the river was Captain Patrick Logan who in either late 1826 or early 1827 investigated the Bremer. He discovered deposits of limestone at the site of what was to become Ipswich . Upstream from there the river became shallow and rocky, so Logan did not explore further. The upper reaches of
1560-467: The banks of the ancient river. The river possessed spirit creatures called Bunyips, better known as Mundaguttas according to Ugarapul Elder Evelyn Dodds who drawings are displayed along the River of the creatures. The first sighting of the Bremer River by Europeans was made by John Oxley and Allan Cunningham on 19 September 1824 as they explored the Brisbane River. On their return journey six days later
1612-502: The beautiful uniformity of which was only interrupted by the turns and windings of the river, which here and there appeared like small lakes. The background was Mt. Warning. The view was altogether beautiful beyond description. The scenery here exceeded anything I have previously seen in Australia." As Surveyor General, Oxley made a close examination of the Tweed River and Port Curtis , and sources connected that investigation, principally
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1664-502: The city of Ipswich is discharged into the river. Coordinated attempts to improve water quality began after the establishment of the Water Quality Council in 1973. Testing revealed the worst pollution came from woollen mills and meatworks at Dinmore , where organic waste entered the river untreated. Land degradation was identified as a serious problem in the catchment after a Department of Primary Industries survey
1716-598: The coast by sea to the Shoalhaven . Meehan went overland, starting from the Minnamurra River and meeting Oxley at the Shoalhaven. Oxley's report of good soils in the area increased interest in agricultural settlement around Gerringong and the Shoalhaven. Oxley's report of the western shore of Jervis Bay , was far less favourable. He stated, " We saw no place on which even a Cabbage might be planted with
1768-466: The convict settlement, which became Moreton Bay, and later the city of Brisbane . A monument was built at North Quay in 1924 to commemorate the site of his landing in Brisbane. He then travelled further north to explore Port Curtis (the site of Gladstone ) and continued to explore the region, which is now known as South East Queensland . In 1824 Oxley, accompanied by Allan Cunningham returned to
1820-420: The exploration party camped on the opposite side of the river where the tributary entered the main stream. Shortly after Oxley began to refer to the tributary as the Bremer River but didn't specify from who the name was derived from. It has been assumed to be named in honour of Gordon Bremer , a naval officer on HMS Tamar . No attempt to explore the Bremer was made at this time. Edmund Lockyer passed through
1872-666: The first five men listed had also been with Oxley on the previous year's 1817 exploratory journey to the Lachlan. They also took boats with them and nearly two dozen horses. The party would get upriver to the Macquarie Marshes, turn north-east to the Warrumbungle mountains crossing the Castlereagh River in the process, view the rich Liverpool Plains, come across the Peel River and the Hastings River to reach
1924-407: The flooded river and recorded that "it was with infinite regret and pain that I was forced to conclude, that the interior of this vast country is a marsh and uninhabitable". Oxley resolved to turn back and after resting for two days the exploring party began to retrace their steps along the Lachlan River. They left the Lachlan at Kiacatoo up-stream of the present site of Lake Cargelligo and crossed to
1976-660: The following year in charge of the Estramina . He returned to England in 1807 and from there he was appointed first lieutenant of HMS Porpoise , a British sloop of war that was stationed at NSW. To take up this appointment he sailed out again to NSW on the Speke as part of the Transport Board . He arrived in November 1808 with £800 of freight transport . In 1809 Porpoise visited Van Diemen's Land, carrying as
2028-661: The following year. In 1812, Oxley travelled to Sydney as Surveyor-General of the Minstrel . Oxley's appointment was at the time of Lachlan Macquarie 's Governorship. Macquarie encouraged exploration – he had sent George Evans to confirm the exploratory work of Wentworth, Blaxland and Lawson over the Blue Mountains, instigated the building of the road over the Blue Mountains in 1814–1815, and had travelled to Bathurst immediately William Cox had completed it. From there he had sent George Evans on an expedition of exploration up
2080-570: The manuscript journal kept by Oxley, and the published Narrative of John Uniack, who accompanied Oxley. Oxley sailed northwards from the Tweed Area in the Mermaid . Rounding Moreton Island, he came across two escaped convicts who had been living with the Aboriginal people there. With their assistance, he was shown, and named, the Brisbane River . He recommend this place for the site of
2132-747: The present site of Tamworth . Continuing further east they crossed the Great Dividing Range passing by the Apsley Falls on 13 September 1818 which Oxley named the Bathurst Falls. He described it as "one of the most magnificent waterfalls we have seen". Upon reaching the Hastings River the exploring party followed it to its mouth, discovering that it flowed into the sea at a spot which Oxley named Port Macquarie . In his diary of 27 November 1818, Governor Macquarie listed
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2184-540: The reeds and Oxley was unable to locate the course of the river any further downstream. He wrote: "But if an opinion may be permitted to be hazarded from actual appearances, mine is decidedly in favour of our being in the immediate vicinity of an inland sea, or lake, most probably a shoal one, and gradually filling up by numerous depositions from the high lands, left by waters which flow into it." From here he retraced steps to Mt Harris, NW of present-day Warren, and camped from early July while he sent George Evans forward with
2236-399: The river soon after the catchment was settled. Photos from 1870 show the riverbanks cleared of vegetation. This may have been from the cutting of timber or because an engineer had encouraged the clearing of trees close to the river because when they fell into the river they dragged earth with them, creating an obstacle for steamers in an already narrow channel. The slow-flowing river system
2288-570: The river were explored by Alan Cunningham in 1828 while he was searching for a route to the Darling Downs . Cunningham made measurements and produced a map which he sent to Governor Darling . The first steam vessel on the river was the Experiment on 18 June 1846 after spending the night stranded on a mud band at Goodna . In 1863 an immigration depot was built on the north bank of the Bremer, after residents of Ipswich petitioned for
2340-539: The river. In 2013 and 2014 the Bremer River's water quality rating improved slightly to a D−. The 2015 the Healthy Waterways assessment included additional measures in the environmental grades, resulting in grades that are not directly comparable to previous years. The Bremer River was given a D− for 2015. Heavy metals including mercury, chromium, nickel and cadmium were found in Warrill Creek,
2392-418: The stores being conveyed in boats. As the exploring party travelled westward the country surrounding the rising river was found to be increasingly inundated. On 12 May, west of the present township of Forbes, they found their progress impeded by an extensive marsh. They travelled down a northern branch of the river to Mount Mulguthery where they were forced to return up the river. After retracing their route for
2444-591: The twelve men who accompanied Oxley and Evans on this expedition (see above). He wrote: "I inspected and spoke to the 12 Men who Accompanied Mr. Oxley on his last Expedition – and in his own presence returned them my thanks for their steady good and obedient Conduct on the Expedition; and being all Convicts I have promised to give them Conditional Pardons as a reward for their good behaviour." Oxley and Assistant Surveyor-General James Meehan led two separate but concurrent expeditions, in late 1819. Oxley proceeded down
2496-507: The youngest sister of the solicitor James Norton and had followed him out to New South Wales from Sussex after he had established himself as an attorney in the colony. Oxley and Emma Norton had a daughter and two sons. The elder, John Norton Oxley became a Member of the Legislative Assembly, representing the Western Division of Camden , in the first Parliament after the establishment of responsible government in 1856. He sponsored
2548-724: Was a Protestant . In 1799 (aged 15), he entered the Royal Navy as a midshipman on the Venerable (1784) . He travelled to Australia in October 1802 as master's mate of the naval vessel Buffalo , which carried out coastal surveying (including the survey of Western Port ), and this first stay in the Colonies would last for five years. In 1805, Oxley became acting lieutenant of the Buffalo and traveled to Van Diemen's Land
2600-422: Was built in the upper reaches of Reynolds Creek. The dam provides potable water for towns such as Boonah and is an irrigation source for crop farmers and those grazing cattle . John Oxley John Joseph William Molesworth Oxley (1784 – 25 May 1828) was an English explorer and surveyor of Australia in the early period of British colonisation. He served as Surveyor General of New South Wales and
2652-545: Was conducted in 1979. Riparian vegetation has been nearly completely removed and the banks are now weed-infested. Downstream the river suffers from not only sewage and farming runoff but also abattoir effluent. In 2006, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012 the Healthy Waterways annual assessment of water quality rated the Bremer River an F, the lowest grading possible. The Ipswich City Council has responded by increasing fines for allowing pollutants to contaminate
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#17327766373792704-533: Was in charge of HMS Tamar , at that time performing duties in the waters of the colony of New South Wales . The Bremer rises in the hills of the Scenic Rim , passes close to the town of Rosewood and winds through the city of Ipswich . The catchment area is bordered by the Little Liverpool Range to the west, with the Main Range lying to the south and south-west. Towards the east
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