The Atlantic Forest ( Portuguese : Mata Atlântica ) is a South American forest that extends along the Atlantic coast of Brazil from Rio Grande do Norte state in the northeast to Rio Grande do Sul state in the south and inland as far as Paraguay and the Misiones Province of Argentina , where the region is known as Selva Misionera .
31-557: Brennand may refer to: People [ edit ] Alfred Eric Brennand (born 2005), X-Wing Professional/Producer Francisco Brennand (1927–2019), Brazilian sculptor Oliver Brennand (born 1986), British rugby union footballer Ricardo Brennand (born 1927), Brazilian entrepreneur Places [ edit ] Brennand Airport , airport in Winnebago County, Wisconsin, United States Brennand Farm , often claimed to be
62-631: A corridor, which will be known as the Central Biodiversity Corridor , in the Atlantic Forest and one in the Amazon. The Brazilian Development Bank has been financing, with non-reimbursable loans, 16 to 18 ecosystem restoration projects totaling 3,500 hectares and costing approximately $ 22 million under the so-called Iniciativa BNDES Mata Atlântica. In order to preserve diversity, the state of São Paulo has created
93-435: Is active in reforestation efforts in the northeastern state of Pernambuco , Brazil. During 2007, Joao Milanez and Joanne Stanulonis have planted 5,500 new trees in the mountains commencing with Gravata, adding to the precious little, ancient forest left. The Pact for Atlantic Forest Restoration has assembled over 100 businesses, nongovernmental and governmental organizations around the goal of having 15 million hectares of
124-529: Is characterized by a high biodiversity and endemism . It was the first environment that the Portuguese colonists encountered over 500 years ago, when it was thought to have had an area of 1,000,000–1,500,000 km (390,000–580,000 sq mi), and stretching an unknown distance inland, making it, back then, the second largest rainforest on the planet, only behind the Amazon rainforest . Over 85% of
155-515: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Francisco Brennand Francisco Brennand , or Francisco de Paula de Almeida Brennand , (June 11, 1927 – December 19, 2019), was a Brazilian painter and sculptor, best known for his work in ceramics. Francisco de Paula de Almeida Brennand was born in Recife, Brazil, to Ricardo Monteiro Brennand and Olímpia Padilha Nunes Coimbra on June 11, 1927. He
186-484: Is predicted that many regional, fruit-bearing tree species in the Atlantic forest will become extinct due to failure of seedling recruitment and recolonisation. With all these species already threatened, it is predicted that with the persistence of current deforestation rates the Atlantic forest will see continued extinction of species. Due to the Atlantic Forest's vast diversity of endemic plants and animals as well as
217-719: The Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund if they abide by its rules. These include the Species Protection Program, the Program for Supporting Private Natural Heritage Reserves and the Institutional Strengthening Program. Another strategy being implemented to maintain biodiversity within the Atlantic Forest is creating wildlife corridors . The World Bank is donating $ 44 million to create
248-486: The Pleistocene , the Atlantic Forest is known to have shrunk to extremely small fragmented refugia in highly sheltered gullies, being separated by areas of dry forest or semi-deserts known as caatingas. Some maps even suggest the forest actually survived in moist pockets well away from the coastline where its endemic rainforest species mixed with much cooler-climate species. Unlike refugia for equatorial rainforests,
279-575: The Restinga de Bertioga State Park , a 9.3 thousand hectares park which also serves as a wildlife corridor linking the coastal regions to the Serra do Mar mountain range. Some organizations, such as the Nature Conservancy , are planning to restore parts of the forest that have been lost and to build corridors that are compatible with the lifestyles of the native people. The Amazon Institute
310-755: The 32-meter Crystal Tower, can be seen at the Parque das esculturas (Sculptures Park), located in the Recife Antigo port district in Recife . The city commissioned this park in 2000 in celebration of the 500th anniversary of the arrival of Europeans in Brazil. Atlantic forest The Atlantic Forest has ecoregions within the following biome categories: seasonal moist and dry broad-leaf tropical forests, tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands , and mangrove forests . The Atlantic Forest
341-545: The Afro-Brazil Museum, in 2007; and "Francisco Brennand – Senhor da Várzea, da Argila e do Fogo", at Santander Cultural, in 2007. Brennand primarily displayed his work at the Oficina Brennand, the compound encompassing the working tile factory, museum, chapel, and café. The Oficina features around 2,000 of Brennand's pieces in enormous open halls, outdoor monuments, alters, chapels, and gardens, all in
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#1732790157193372-606: The Atlantic Forest. New species are continually being found in the Atlantic Forest. In fact, between 1990 and 2006 over a thousand new flowering plants were discovered. Furthermore, in 1990 researchers re-discovered a small population of the black-faced lion tamarin ( Leontopithecus caissara ), previously thought to have been extinct. In 1991, the butterfly Actinote zikani was rediscovered in southern Brazil, after being declared extinct ten years earlier. In southern Brazil A new species of blonde capuchin ( Cebus queirozi ), named for its distinguishing bright blonde hair,
403-733: The Staatliche Kunsthalle in Berlin held a major retrospective of his work. The same year he received the Inter-American Prize of Culture Gabriela Mistral, awarded by the OEA - Organização dos Estados Americanos, in Washington, D.C. He creates “O Grande Sol” (1995–1996) for MAMAM - Museu de Arte Moderna Aloísio Magalhães, in Recife. In 2000, he created “Parque das Esculturas” (2000), located at Marco Zero in Recife, part of
434-589: The age of 92. The Governor of the state of Pernambuco declared a three-day period of mourning. He has held several solo exhibitions in important institutions, such as "Brennand", at Casa França Brasil, in 2000; "Brennand no Acerto com o Mundo", at Fundação Júlio Rezende, in Portugal, in 2001; "Brennand Esculturas: o homem e a natureza", at the Museu Oscar Niemeyer, in 2004; "Francisco Brennand: Flores, frutos, bichos e pássaros dos anos 60, 70 e 80", at
465-591: The extent of human disturbances, including habitat destruction , in the Atlantic Forest has led to an extinction crisis. The endemic species in this region are especially vulnerable to extinction due to fragmentation because of their small geographic ranges and low occurrence. In a study of the Atlantic Forest fragments, community level biomass was reduced to 60% in plots less than 25 hectares. Key ecological processes such as seed dispersal , gene flow , colonization and other processes are disturbed by fragmentation. With many key vertebrate seed dispersers going extinct, it
496-605: The fragmentation affecting these species, many groups and organizations are working to restore this unique ecosystem . Non-governmental organizations (NGO) are huge benefactors in Brazil, providing funding as well as professional help to the Atlantic Forest due to the Brazilian Environmental Movement . One organization, called BirdLife International , uses its research to preserve the area's bird biodiversity and teach people about sustainable natural resource use. Some organizations receive grants from
527-591: The medal of "Officier de L'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres" from the French Ministry of Culture. In 1989, he took part in the 2nd International Biennial of Óbidos, Portugal. The following year, he represented Brazil at the 44th Venice Biennial. In 1992, he was part of the group shows EXPO 92, in Seville, and Imagem do Brasil/A Busca Europeia de um Paraíso Terrestre e a Arte Moderna Brasileira, in Zurich. In 1993,
558-593: The midst of an Atlantic forest reserve in the Varzea neighborhood of Recife . His work often returns to themes of the human body, eggs, animals, and fruit. At times, he was forced to defend his work against charges that it was too provocative or erotic. The New York Times called Brennand "the foremost artist in the city" and the Oficina Brennand "a metaphor for the city of Recife itself, consumed in simultaneous growth and decay." He has also been called "Brazil's greatest ceramicist." More than 90 of his works, including
589-667: The mural for the Companhia Hidroelétrica do São Francisco (1979), in Recife; the ceramic mural for the Companhia do Desenvolvimento do Vale de São Francisco, in Brasilia (1980); and the “Monumento aos Três Heróis da Restauração” (1981) for the Departamento Nacional de Estradas de Rodagem, in Recife. In 1985, he was invited to participate in the 18th São Paulo Biennial. In the same year, he received
620-500: The original area has been deforested , threatening many plant and animal species with extinction . The Atlantic Forest region includes forests of several variations: The Atlantic Forest is unusual in that it extends as a true tropical rain forest to latitudes as far as 28°S. This is because the trade winds produce precipitation throughout the southern winter. In fact, the northern Zona da Mata of northeastern Brazil receives much more rainfall between May and August than during
651-738: The project "Eu vi o mundo... Ele começava no Recife", which compiles almost 100 works by the artist. Among his most recent works, he produced “O Gigante Nabuco” (2010), for the Academia Brasileira de Letras, in Rio de Janeiro, and “Pássaro Rocca” (2013), located at the Trianon-Masp subway station in São Paulo. Brennand died of a respiratory infection on December 19, 2019, at the Real Hospital Português in Recife, at
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#1732790157193682-447: The refuges for the Atlantic Forest have never been the product of detailed identification. Despite having only 28% of native vegetation cover remaining, the Atlantic Forest remains extraordinarily lush in biodiversity and endemic species , many of which are threatened with extinction . Approximately 40 percent of its vascular plants and up to 60 percent of its vertebrates are endemic species, meaning they are found nowhere else in
713-673: The result of human activity in the past 400 years. Over 11,000 species of plants and animals are considered threatened today in the Atlantic Forest. Over 52% of the tree species and 92% of the amphibians are endemic to this area. The forest harbors around 20,000 species of plants, with almost 450 tree species being found in just one hectare in some locations. The Atlantic Forest is one of the best studied tropical ecosystems. For example, over 3000 tree species, 98 bat species, 94 large or medium-sized mammal species, over 2000 epiphyte species, 26 primate species, 528 amphibian species, 124 small mammal species, and over 800 bird species have been recorded in
744-407: The ruins of his father's tile factory and set about turning it into what would become the Oficina Brennand, producing both tiles and his own ceramic sculpture. Between 1975 and 1985, he created many of the sculptures that now inhabit the studio, where he developed and refined his ceramic imaginary. In the following years, he produced murals and panels for various public and corporate buildings, such as
775-428: The size of the Atlantic Forest, which has resulted in species impoverishment. Almost 88% of the original forest habitat has been lost and replaced by human-modified landscapes including pastures , croplands , and urban areas . This deforestation continues at an annual rate of 0.5% and up to 2.9% in urban areas. Habitat fragmentation leads to a cascade of alterations of the original forest landscape. For example,
806-419: The southern summer. The geographic range of Atlantic Forest vary depending on author or institution that published them. Information on four most important boundaries as well as their union and intersection was reviewed in 2018. The Atlantic Forest mainly covers regions of eastern Brazil (92% of the total area), but also reaches eastern Paraguay (6%) and northeastern Argentina (2%). During glacial periods in
837-723: The true centre of Great Britain Brennand River , river in England Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Brennand . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brennand&oldid=1077483241 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Short description
868-443: The world. The official threatened species list of Brazil contains over 140 terrestrial mammal species found in Atlantic Forest. In Paraguay the Atlantic Forest has been heavily impacted in recent years. In Paraguay there are 35 species listed as threatened, and 22 species are listed as threatened in the interior portion of the Atlantic Forest of Argentina. Nearly 250 species of amphibians , birds, and mammals have become extinct due to
899-533: Was a descendant from an Irish ancestor who migrated to Recife in 1820 and married into a sugar plantation family. His father, Ricardo Brennand, added ceramic tile and brick to the business in 1917, and sent his son Francisco to Europe to study technical ceramic skills. Arriving in Paris in 1949, Brennand discovered the ceramic work of Pable Picasso , Joan Miró and Fernand Léger , and became a ceramic artist. In 1948, he married Déborah de Moura Vasconcelos. In 1950 he
930-478: Was awarded second prize at the 9th Pernambuco Salon with the painting “Mamão e Bananas”. In 1961, Brennand began producing the ceramic mural “Batalha dos Guararapes”, with poems by Cesar Leal and Ariano Suassuna, on Recife's Rua das Flores. Later, in 1968, he collaborated with Suassuna on the costumes for the first cinematographic production of O Auto da Compadecida. In 1971, he participated in the 11th São Paulo Biennial with 12 paintings. In 1971, Brennand returned to
961-499: Was discovered in northeastern Brazil at the Pernambuco Endemism Center in 2006. A species of endangered three-toed sloth, named the maned sloth ( Bradypus torquatus ) because of its long hair, is endemic to the Atlantic Forest. Hylid tree frog Dendropsophus branneri is also endemic to the Atlantic Forest. The incorporation of modern human societies and their needs for forest resources has greatly reduced