County borough 1889 – 1974
19-403: Brighton was a non-metropolitan district with borough status of East Sussex , England covering the town of Brighton . Formed in 1854 as a municipal borough , in 1889 it became a county borough independent of the newly formed East Sussex County Council , and from 1974 until its dissolution in 1997 it was a non-metropolitan district within the county of East Sussex. In 1961, the district had
38-434: A borough or district council. In these cases local government functions are divided between county and district councils, to the level where they can be practised most efficiently: Many districts have borough status , which means the local council is called a borough council instead of district council and gives them the right to appoint a mayor . Borough status is granted by royal charter and, in many cases, continues
57-425: A district will consist of a market town and its more rural hinterland. However districts are diverse with some being mostly urban such as Dartford, and others more polycentric such as Thurrock. Non-metropolitan districts are subdivisions of English non-metropolitan counties which have a two-tier structure of local government. Two-tier non-metropolitan counties have a county council and several districts, each with
76-588: A population of 163,159. Both Charles II , in 1684, and the Prince Regent (Prince of Wales) , in 1806, favoured the incorporation of Brighton as a borough, but both of these suggestions came to nothing – the latter because it was likely to cost too much. In 1773 an Act of Parliament resulted in the formation of the Brighton Town Commissioners, 64 men who had control of certain municipal and administrative affairs and who were elected by
95-457: A style enjoyed by a predecessor authority, which can date back centuries. Some districts such as Oxford or Exeter have city status , granted by letters patent , but this does not give the local council any extra powers other than the right to call itself a city council . By 1899, England had been divided at district level into rural districts , urban districts , municipal boroughs , county boroughs and metropolitan boroughs . This system
114-491: A type of local government district in England. As created, they are sub-divisions of non-metropolitan counties (colloquially shire counties ) in a two-tier arrangement. Non-metropolitan districts with borough status are known as boroughs , able to appoint a mayor and refer to itself as a borough council. Some shire counties now have no sub divisions so are a single Non-metropolitan district such as Cornwall. Typically
133-604: The District Councils' Network , special interest group which sits within the Local Government Association . The network's purpose is to "act as an informed and representative advocate for districts to government and other national bodies, based on their unique position to deliver for local people." This is a list of two-tier non-metropolitan counties and their districts. All unitary authorities are also non-metropolitan districts, which, with
152-403: The non-metropolitan county of East Sussex, thus being governed by East Sussex County Council for the first time. At this point the county council took responsibility for refuse disposal, libraries, education, social services and fire protection; the borough council remained responsible for collecting refuse, planning services, housing, environmental health, parks and highways. On 1 April 1997,
171-454: The areas for Wales and England had been enacted separately and there were no Welsh metropolitan areas, the term 'non-metropolitan district' does not apply to Wales. A similar system existed in Scotland , which in 1975 was divided into regions and districts, this was also abolished in 1996 and replaced with a fully unitary system . In England most of the district councils are represented by
190-626: The borough had six wards , each returning six councillors; the first elections were held on 30 May 1854. The Town Commissioners were dissolved the following year and all "property, powers, privileges and liabilities" were passed over to the Borough Council, including Brighton Town Hall and the Royal Pavilion . Following the passing of the Local Government Act 1888 , Brighton became a county borough independent of
209-462: The crest, on a wreath of the colours, two dolphins in saltire , heads downwards, sable, between as many branches of coral gules ". The honorary Freedom of the Borough of Brighton was, during the borough's existence, awarded by the council to these "persons of distinction, and persons who have, in the opinion of the council, rendered eminent service to the borough": Until 1974 the district included
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#1732780346198228-506: The district was abolished and merged with the Borough of Hove to form " Brighton and Hove ", a non-metropolitan district with its own council, meaning Brighton was again not governed by East Sussex County Council. The borough was granted a coat of arms on 14 April 1897. A simplified version was used from 1974. The formal description is " Argent , two dolphins naiant sable , a bordure azure , charged with six martlets or . And for
247-487: The exception of those of Berkshire , are coterminous with non-metropolitan counties. For a full list of districts of all types including unitary authorities, metropolitan districts and London boroughs , see Districts of England . This is a list of former two-tier districts in England which have been abolished, by local government reorganisations such as the 2009 structural changes to local government in England . It does not include districts that still exist after becoming
266-422: The newly formed East Sussex County Council with effect from 1 April 1889. On 1 April 1952 the district gained parts of Falmer and Stanmer parishes from Chailey Rural District , having previously been expanded in 1873 with territory taken from the parish of Preston . Changes to the composition of, and additions to the number of, wards took place at various times, not just when the borough boundaries expanded:
285-399: The original six wards became seven in 1873 with the creation of a new Preston ward, then these seven were divided into 14 in 1894; from 1928 there were 19, and this number remained until 1983 despite changes to ward boundaries in 1952 and 1955. The changes of 1983 resulted in there being 16 wards in the borough. On 1 April 1974 the district was reconstituted a non-metropolitan district within
304-585: The parish of Brighton and until 1928 it also included the parish of Preston, both were urban parishes thus didn't have their own parish council or meeting. In 1974 the district became an unparished area , on 14 December 1995 the parish of Rottingdean was formed from part of Brighton unparished area which split Saltdean from the rest of the unparished area. 50°49′15″N 0°08′24″W / 50.8208°N 0.1401°W / 50.8208; -0.1401 Non-metropolitan district Non-metropolitan districts , or colloquially " shire districts ", are
323-713: The townspeople. Their powers were extended in 1810. More attempts to incorporate as a borough were made in 1848 and 1852 without success, but another petition to the Privy Council and subsequent inquiry in August 1853 found favour, and on 19 January 1854 the Municipal Borough of Brighton was awarded a charter. The borough was then officially incorporated on 1 April 1854 under the terms of the Municipal Corporations Act 1835 . At that time
342-526: The two-tier structure, but reforms in the 1990s and 2009 reduced their number to 192. A further 55 non-metropolitan districts are now unitary authorities, which combine the functions of county and borough/district councils. In Wales , an almost identical two-tier system of local government existed between 1974 and 1996 (see Districts of Wales ). In 1996, this was abolished and replaced with an entirely unitary system of local government, with one level of local government responsible for all local services. Since
361-620: Was abolished by the London Government Act 1963 and the Local Government Act 1972 . Non-metropolitan districts were created by this act in 1974 when England outside Greater London was divided into metropolitan counties and non-metropolitan counties. Metropolitan counties were sub-divided into metropolitan districts and the non-metropolitan counties were sub-divided into non-metropolitan districts. The metropolitan districts had more powers than their non-metropolitan counterparts. Initially, there were 296 non-metropolitan districts in
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