The Cherokee Trail was a historic overland trail through the present-day U.S. states of Oklahoma , Kansas , Colorado , and Wyoming that was used from the late 1840s up through the early 1890s. The route was established in 1849 by a wagon train headed to the gold fields in California . Among the members of the expedition were a group of Cherokee . When the train formed in Indian Territory, Lewis Evans of Evansville, Arkansas , was elected Captain. Thus, this expedition is sometimes written as the Evans/Cherokee Train. In 1850 four wagon trains turned west on the Laramie Plains , along Wyoming's southern border to Fort Bridger .
18-686: Cherokee Trail Bridger Pass is a mountain pass in Carbon County, Wyoming on the Continental Divide of the Americas near the south Great Divide Basin bifurcation point, i.e., the point at which the divide appears to split and envelop the basin. The first documented crossing of Bridger Pass was by the Stansbury Expedition , returning east from an expedition to Utah and guided by Jim Bridger . A decade later
36-739: A different route in Wyoming. It also went to Taos, New Mexico . The route originated in Grand River near present-day Salina, Oklahoma . According to Erb, Brown, and Hughes, "The Cherokee Trail came west out of Oklahoma along the Arkansas River Valley in Colorado to the mouth of Black Squirrel Creek , a tributary of Cherry Creek (Colorado) , following the latter to the South Platte River . It went on north along
54-530: A wealthy Laramie investment banker and dry goods merchant, got off a train when it made a stop in Tie Siding to take on water, and decided he wanted to build a house and a hospital here. Instead, he later returned to Laramie, a few miles to the north, and built the Ivinson Mansion for himself in 1892 on what later would be named Ivinson Street. As of 2015 , the Tie Siding site consists of only
72-494: Is very small, and Tie Siding was not counted as a census-designated place in the 2010 Census . Tie Siding was strategically located at the site by the early western railroad companies to service the expansion of rail systems in the West from the late 1860s until the early 1900s. The small community interacted with nearby Colorado railroad towns, such as Virginia Dale , LaPorte and Pingree Park . In 1886, Edward Ivinson ,
90-622: The Colorado Front Range, following the Cherokee Trail. Musgrove was finally captured and taken to jail in Denver. He started a rumor from his cell that friends were planning to help him escape, and that the citizens could not prevent this. Instead, a group of vigilantes demanded that the guards release Musgrove to them. The guards offered no resistance, so the vigilantes took possession of the prisoner. Quickly they moved him to
108-787: The Continental Divide had been identified: Twin Groves, Wyoming , an unnamed location near present-day Rawlings, Wyoming and Bridger's Pass. The Cherokee Trail followed the Twin Groves route. In 1849, Lieutenant Abraham Buford , escorting the mail from Santa Fe to the east, turned south at McPherson, Kansas , to follow the recently blazed Evans/Cherokee Trail with Captain Lewis Evans and Lieutenant Captain Peter Mankins, with 2nd Lieutenant George Van Hoose leading
126-582: The Gold Rush. Apparently deciding that crime was more profitable than panning for gold, he was arrested and charged with murder in Fort Halleck , Wyoming, during 1863. Taken to Denver for trial, he was released on an unexplained technicality, and returned to a life of crime. Musgrove assembled a network of horse thieves known as the Musgrove Gang, who raided government posts and wagon trains along
144-471: The Laramie Plains (US Hwy 270) . Then west along the present Wyoming/Colorado border to Green River then NW to Fort Bridger. This route sometimes referred to as the "disease free" or "middle" route increased each year in numbers of Emigrants and cattle drives until by 1857 becoming the most heavily traveled or the major trail to California. In 1857 a new cutoff of the Cherokee Trail was established when
162-605: The Larimer Street bridge and ended his criminal career by hanging him beneath the bridge on November 23, 1868. Tie Siding, Wyoming Tie Siding is a tiny unincorporated community in far southeastern Albany County , in southeastern Wyoming , United States, approximately eighteen miles south of Laramie , and eight miles north of the Colorado border. It is located at latitude 41.080N and longitude -105.506W, at an elevation of 7,694 ft. The population
180-642: The US Army built a road over Bridger Pass to Fort Bridger. By 1862 the Bridger Pass route of the Cherokee Trail was a well wore road when the Overland Mail and Stage moved from South Pass route on to it. In 1869 the rail road reached Utah ending the Overland Mail. The Cherokee Trail continued as an emigrant route as late as 1883 when the last wagon train from Wise County, Texas to Oregon
198-654: The eastern base of the Rockies to the Cache la Poudre in the vicinity of Laporte and Virginia Dale then over to the Laramie Plains ." The name of the trail originated from the 1849 trek to California of 130 Cherokees, with their 40 wagons, led by Captain Lewis Evans. In 1850 four Cherokee/white wagon train crossed the South Platte River near present Denver, turned north pioneering a new wagon road to
SECTION 10
#1732772370096216-613: The expedition Fort Gibson, Oklahoma, and then connected with another trail to nearby Fort Smith, Arkansas . Starting in 1850 the trail was used continuously by gold seekers, emigrants and cattle drovers from Arkansas, Texas, Missouri, and the Cherokee Nation . In 1850, a member of a wagon train en route to California discovered gold in Ralston Creek , a tributary of Clear Creek north of present-day Denver . Stories of this discovery led to further expeditions in 1858, and
234-711: The number of wagons nor the number of people that eventually used this road to cross the Sierra Madres makes this trail significant. What makes this road unique is that Native Americans and their traveling companions did not just cross the Continental Divide ; they made a path over the mountains and through the Wyoming Basin." The trail was also known as the Trappers' Trail , but the Trapper's Trail from 1820 in Colorado often varied from Cherokee Trail and took
252-592: The pass was in regular use by travelers on the Overland Trail and the associated stage line, these having been established along the route described by Stansbury and known since that time as the Cherokee Trail. To support the stage line, the Bridger Stage Station was established near the pass. The Overland Trail was used steadily between 1860 and 1869 until the First transcontinental railroad made
270-557: The stage line obsolete. In modern times, the official route of the Continental Divide Trail uses Bridger Pass Road to navigate the Great Divide Basin between Battle Pass on Wyoming Highway 70 and Rawlins, Wyoming. A challenge to hikers is the lack of potable water along this section due to the brackish nature (salinity) of water in the basin. Cherokee Trail According to one source, "Neither
288-409: The subsequent 1859 Colorado Gold Rush . In the 1860s portions of the trail from northern Colorado to Fort Bridger in Wyoming were incorporated as part of the Overland Trail and stage route between Kansas and Salt Lake City , Utah. The outlaw L. H. Musgrove traveled on the Cherokee Trail from Colorado into Wyoming during the 1860s. A native of Mississippi , he came to California at the time of
306-419: The trail on BLM sections is marked with 4-foot-high (1.2 m) concrete posts. Parts of this trail had been traveled and reported earlier in the 19th century. According to Gardner, General William Ashley had used part of this route as early as 1824. Gardner also mentions that emigrants heading for Oregon wrote about the routes in and out of Browns Park in 1839. By 1849, three routes suitable for crossing
324-541: Was documented. In 1854, an additional route was blazed on the west side of the South Platte River, crossing the Cache la Poudre River , and then to the Laramie Plains. There the trail turned west near present-day Tie Siding , and proceeded along the Colorado/Wyoming border to Green River and to Fort Bridger where it struck the other emigrant trails. Parts of the 1854 trail can be seen on Bureau of Land Management (BLM) land in Wyoming. In Sweetwater County
#95904