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52-527: The British PGA Matchplay Championship was a match play golf tournament that began in 1903 and ran until 1979. Between 1903 and 1969, the event was sponsored by the now defunct British newspaper the News of the World , and was commonly known by the paper's name. Initially organised as the championship of British professionals, the event came to include invited players from other countries – in particular from around

104-458: A further 18 holes on 13 June to determine the final four places. Vardon led after the first day by one shot from a relatively unknown James Ockenden from West Drayton Golf Club. Taylor was a shot further behind. Vardon and Taylor were drawn together on the final day and, after Ockenden had a disappointing third round 83, they were clear leaders after the third round. Taylor led on 226 with Vardon on 228 and amateur James Jenkins third on 232. With

156-481: A handicap that is at most 8 strokes higher than their partner, Player B2's handicap would be adjusted to 27 for the purposes of that competition (Player B1's handicap of 19 + 8 = 27). Currently, there are few professional tournaments that use match play. They include the biennial Ryder Cup played by two teams, one representing the USA and the other representing Europe ; the biennial Presidents Cup for teams representing

208-510: A hole will both be taken into account. On the whole, match play encourages more aggressive play, especially at the professional level, where a par is not usually good enough to win a hole. Since a very poor result for a hole is no worse than a slightly-below-average result when playing against an opponent with an average score, it often makes sense to accept the higher risk connected with aggressive tactics. However, in some circumstances players will be especially cautious in match play. For instance,

260-417: A par-5, Player A takes 8 strokes and Player B takes 5 (par); Player B wins the hole and the match is now tied (or "all square") with 16 to play. On the third hole, a par-3, both players take 3 strokes and the match is tied with 15 holes to play. Once a player is "up" more holes than there are holes remaining to play the match is over. For example, if after 12 holes Player A is 7-up with six left to play, Player A

312-403: A player may choose to play more conservatively if the opponent has hit a poor tee shot or is otherwise under pressure to compensate for a poor start on a particular hole, reasoning that there is a good chance to win the hole with an average result. Forms of match play that allow three or more players to compete individually include "Irish match play", "Rowan match play" and skins . Another form

364-483: A round robin grouping of four groups of four, with each group playing three matches with a similar format to the elimination matches in Perth, and the results determine second-day matches. Each group will play a maximum of 36 holes (six matches). Golfers can employ a slightly different strategy during a match play event since the scoring is different. The situation in the match and the outcome of each shot already played on

416-401: A single-elimination match play tournament. All elimination matches are 18 holes except for the final in individual competitions, which is 36 holes. The European Tour and PGA Tour Australasia co-sanction a Perth (Australia) tournament that in 2017 adopts a match play format. It is conducted with three rounds of stroke play, with two cuts—one to 65 at the end of the second round, and one to 24 at

468-511: A total of 66 players reaching the final stage, two preliminary matches were played the day before the main event started. The leaders in the Order of Merit were exempted, increasing the number of qualifiers to 76. 12 first-round matches were played to reduce the field to 64. Total prize money was £2,650. The leader 10 in the Order of Merit were exempted. 10 first-round matches were played to reduce

520-547: Is "medal match play", which combines the head-to-head match play style with medal or stroke play scores. Each match between two players or teams of players is determined by the 18-hole medal score instead of on a hole-by-hole basis. The advantage is that ties in group or pool play can be broken by overall medal scores. This format was used in the Piccadilly Medal , the Liggett & Myers Open Match Play Championship ,

572-505: Is a tie, unless the format calls for extra holes to determine a winner. In a tournament event where the score is tied after the last hole (usually 18 or 36), the players will play on until a player wins a hole (sudden death). In the Ryder Cup and other similar team events, the match is not finished this way, and the teams each receive a half point. In such events there are points accumulated over several days, playing different formats, and

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624-405: Is one point. Golfers play as normal, counting the strokes taken on a given hole. The golfer with the lowest score on a given hole receives one point. If the golfers tie, then the hole is tied (or halved). For example, in an 18-hole match, the first hole is a par-4 and Player A scores a 3 (birdie) and Player B scores a 4 (par); Player A is now 1-up with 17 to play. In the same match on the second hole,

676-404: Is said to have won the match "7 and 6". A team that is leading by x holes with x holes remaining is said to be "dormie- x " or simply "dormie", meaning that they need one more halved hole to win the match (or that the other team must win all the remaining holes in order to tie the match). For example, if Player A is 2-up with 2 to play, he is dormie; the worst outcome for Player A at that point

728-506: The 1914 Open Championship when he tied for fourth place, six shots behind the winner. With Harry Vardon he won the 1913 Sphere and Tatler Foursomes Tournament by a convincing 7 & 5 margin. He was Captain of England in 1909 and represented England between 1904 and 1913. He won the Midland Professional Championship when it was first held in 1897 and a further six times. He was a renowned club maker and

780-556: The Commonwealth (it was won on four occasions by Australia's Peter Thomson , a record number of victories shared with Dai Rees and James Braid ). On occasion, American professionals also took part, notably in 1949 when eight members of the victorious U.S. Ryder Cup side accepted invites to the event, Lloyd Mangrum reaching the semi-finals. For many years, the event had the richest prize fund in British golf, and certainly in

832-664: The HSBC Women's World Match Play Championship was introduced in 2005. After it was canceled in 2007, the LPGA was without a match play event until the Sybase Match Play Championship was played from 2010 to 2012. Women's golf also has the biennial Solheim Cup staged between two teams, one including USA -born players and one including players born in Europe. In 2014, a new women's match play tournament began,

884-586: The International Crown – a biennial match play competition featuring teams from eight countries. From 2005 to 2008, women's golf held the Lexus Cup , an event pitting an International team against an Asian team. The USGA championships – Amateur, Junior Amateur, Mid-Amateur, Senior Amateur, and team (four-ball) for both men and women – are conducted with two rounds of stroke play to cut the field to 64 (individual) or 32 (teams), and then proceed to

936-677: The Midlands as well. The 1914 Open Championship was the 54th Open Championship , held 18–19 June at Prestwick Golf Club in Prestwick, South Ayrshire , Scotland . Harry Vardon won a record sixth Open Championship title, three strokes ahead of runner-up J.H. Taylor , the defending champion. Due to World War I , it was the last Open for six years, the next Open would not be contested until 1920 . Qualification took place on 11 and 12 June, players playing 18 holes each day. 96 players scored 163 or better. The 13 players who scored 164 played

988-564: The WGC Match Play and the Volvo World Match Play Championship , and most team events, for example the Ryder Cup and Presidents Cup , all of which are in match play format. Unlike stroke play, in which the unit of scoring is the total number of strokes taken over one or more rounds of golf, match play scoring consists of individual holes won, halved or lost. On each hole, the most that can be gained

1040-426: The 1919 tournament were sorted out at a late stage. In mid-July it was decided that the number of qualifiers for the final stage would be increased from 32 to 64 and the "News of the World" agreed to increase the prize money. The West of England section had already played their qualifying competition under the impression there were 2 places available. They were allocated 4 in the new system. Other sections were allocated

1092-452: The 1950 Open Champion ( Bobby Locke ) were exempted from qualifying. Locke did not play but with 64 players reaching the final stage through the sectional qualifying events there were 65 qualifiers. This meant that one preliminary match was needed; the match being played the day before the main event started. Total prize money was £2,530. The 1950 winner ( Dai Rees ) and the 1951 Open Champion ( Max Faulkner ) were exempted from qualifying. With

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1144-667: The 1986 Seiko-Tucson Match Play Championship , the Dunhill Cup , World Golf Final , and starting in 2018, albeit with a nine-hole medal score, the Belgian Knockout . Tom Williamson (golfer) Tom Williamson (9 February 1880 – 4 April 1950) was an English professional golfer who played in the early 20th century. Williamson finished in the top 10 in the Open Championship on six occasions and played in it over fifty years. His best performance came in

1196-410: The 64 qualifiers. The 8 were: Skip Alexander , Jimmy Demaret , Bob Hamilton , Dutch Harrison , Clayton Heafner , Lloyd Mangrum , Johnny Palmer and Sam Snead . The additional players meant that 8 preliminary match had to be played to reduce the field to 64. These matches were played on 20 September, extending the event to a fifth day. Total prize money was £2,620. The 1949 winner ( Dai Rees ) and

1248-467: The Open lost to Ted Ray . In the quarter-finals James Braid beat Alfred Toogood at the 19th hole. In the semi-finals Braid won the first two holes against J.H. Taylor and won 4&2. Ray beat George Coburn 4&3 in the other match. They had been level after 7 holes but Ray won the next 4 to take a convincing lead. In the final Braid led by 1 hole after the first round. In the afternoon Braid won 3 of

1300-607: The US and International (non-European) players; and the older Volvo World Match Play Championship , an invitational event which is now part of the European Tour . The PGA Championship , one of the majors , used match play for its first 39 editions ( 1916 – 1957 ), but changed to stroke play 66 years ago in  1958 . Women's professional golf had no event directly comparable to the Accenture Championship until

1352-431: The earlier format with 64 players qualifying for the knock-out stage played from 25 to 28 September. The final was over 36 holes. Prize money remained at £2,000 with £550 for the winner, £250 for the losing finalist and £120 for the losing semi-finalists. Prize money was increased to £2,500 with £750 for the winner and £250 for the losing finalist. Eight American golfers who had played in the 1949 Ryder Cup were added to

1404-489: The end of the third round, then proceeds on the final day to a single-elimination match play tournament with the top eight exempt from the first round. All elimination matches are six holes, with a tie-breaker hole played twice. The first hole will be a standard par-3, and the second time around closest to pin will end the round. The European Tour also has the GolfSixes , which uses 16 pairs of players, by country, and uses

1456-400: The event of a tied match. The winner received £100, the runner-up £30, losing semi-finalists £15 and losing quarter-finalists £10. The semi-finalists also received medals: the winner gold, the runner-up silver and the losing semi-finalists bronze. In the first round Jack White , third in the 1903 Open Championship lost to Tom Williamson . Later in the day Tom Vardon who had been second in

1508-403: The event provided several notable British and Irish players, like Christy O'Connor Snr , Eric Brown and Dave Thomas , with their greatest triumphs, and also became a showcase for the matchplay strength of Neil Coles , who was at least a semi-finalist eleven times in eighteen years, a remarkable achievement considering the field normally comprised 64 and on occasion 128 players. The tournament

1560-583: The event, finishing tied for fourth place with Abe Mitchell , and won £8 15s. His round-by-round scoring was 75-79-79-79=312. The 1921 Open Championship was the 56th Open Championship , held 23–25 June at the Old Course at St Andrews in St Andrews, Scotland . Former local Jock Hutchison won his only Open Championship, in a 36-hole playoff over amateur Roger Wethered . It was Hutchison's second and final major title. Williamson played fine golf in

1612-474: The event, finishing tied for sixth place. He had rounds of 79-71-74-78=302 and won £6 8s 7d. The 1927 Open Championship was the 62nd Open Championship, held 13–15 July at the Old Course at St Andrews in St Andrews, Scotland . Amateur Bobby Jones successfully defended the title with a dominating six stroke victory, the second of his three victories at the Open Championship. Williamson finished

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1664-532: The field to 64. Total prize money was increased to £3,000, although the first prize remained unchanged at £750. The number of qualifiers from the sectional events was reduced so that there were just 64 contestants in the final stage. The quarter-finals and semi-finals were extended to 36 holes, the event being played over 5 days from 11 to 15 September. The format was changed, with the first round matches being over 36 holes, spread over two days. The quarter-finals and semi-finals were reduced again to 18 holes, although

1716-433: The final day would feature any "big-name" players to attract a television audience, nor either that the matches would finish at times to coincide with limited scheduled slots for live transmission. The tournament remained an official money event on the European Tour from its first season in 1972, but was discontinued following the 1979 event when a replacement sponsor could not be found after Sun Alliance moved to supporting

1768-446: The final was still over 36 holes. The format was changed again. All matches were reduced to 18 holes and the event reduced from 5 days to 4. One round was played on the first two days, the third round and quarter-finals were played on the third day with the semi-finals and final on the final day. This was only the second final, after 1945, to be contested over 18 holes. Sectional qualifying was dropped and replaced by local qualifying on

1820-467: The first 5 holes to go 4 up and, although Ray won the next two, Braid eventually won 4&3. The final stages were planned for Oxhey Golf Club on 6, 7 and 8 October with the same format and prize money as previously. In mid-August the PGA cancelled the tournament. The Western section had played their qualification tournament on 9 July at which Charles and Ernest Whitcombe qualified. The arrangements for

1872-462: The five hardest holes, B1 deducts one stroke on the nine hardest holes, and B2 deducts two strokes on the two hardest holes and one stroke on the other 16 holes. Some competitions may restrict the handicap differential between playing partners. This is not required by the USGA but may be used by local clubs and tournaments. Using the above team play example and if a local rule limits any player to having

1924-405: The following places: Southern 26, Northern 12, Midland 10, Scotland 5, Welsh 4, Eastern 2 and Irish 1. The tournament was extended to a fourth day with the 32 18-hole first round matches played on the first day. The losing quarter-finalists received £12 10s, third round losers £10, second round losers £7 10s and first round losers £5. Prize money totalled £590. Prize money was increased to £750 with

1976-413: The losing quarter-finalists receiving £27 10s and prizes of £20, £15 and £7 10s for losers in the first three rounds. The final stages were planned for St George's Hill Golf Club from 12 to 15 September with the same format and prize money as previously. Qualifying events had been completed when the PGA cancelled the tournament in early September on the outbreak of World War II . The cancelled 1939 event

2028-603: The other 17 holes. In match play, Player A would play as "scratch" (zero handicap) and Player B would deduct one stroke on the nine hardest holes. In other words, the 10 handicap becomes zero and the 19 handicap becomes nine. In team match play competition, all player handicaps are compared to the lowest of the handicaps. Consider an example where Team A consists of Player A1 (a 10 handicap) and Player A2 (a 15 handicap), and where Team B consists of Player B1 (a 19 handicap) and Player B2 (a 30 handicap). In this example, Player A1 plays as "scratch" (zero handicap), A2 deducts one stroke on

2080-527: The pre- First World War era, can be considered to have been a "major" championship of its day, as at the time, the British professionals were considered the best players in the world – in 1907 the four semi-finalists were the Great Triumvirate of Harry Vardon , J. H. Taylor and James Braid , along with Ted Ray , who would go on to win both the British and U.S. Opens . After World War II ,

2132-410: The second day and then two rounds were played each day. The final was played over 18 holes for the first time. Both New and Old courses were used for the last-128 and last-64 rounds. Total prize money was £2,000 with the winner receiving £600, the runner-up £200, semi-finalists £100, quarter-finalists £50 and prizes of £30, £15 and £10 for those reaching the last-64 stage. The 1946 tournament reverted to

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2184-457: The stroke play championship instead. The last champion was Irishman Des Smyth , who beat a youthful Nick Price in the final. The tournament was announced in August. £200 had been given by the News of the World to the PGA for the competition. The final stage would be at Sunningdale Golf Club from 13 to 15 October and would be a knock-out match-play contest by 32 professionals. Qualification

2236-420: The total determines the winning team. Scoring match play using handicaps is not done exactly the same way it is done in a stroke play event. In 18-hole stroke play where Player A is a 10 handicap and Player B is a 19 handicap, one stroke is deducted from Player A's score on the ten hardest holes (by handicap rating on scorecard). For Player B, two strokes are deducted on the hardest hole and one stroke deducted on

2288-567: The tournament tied for tenth place. Williamson died in Nottingham , England , on 4 April 1950. He is best remembered as a frequent competitor in the Open Championship and for winning the 1913 Sphere and Tatler Foursomes Tournament when he was paired with Harry Vardon. He will also be remembered as the first to number golf clubs. Note: Williamson only played in The Open Championship. NT = No tournament CUT = missed

2340-519: The two days prior to the knock-out stage. Two courses were used. There was a sudden-death playoff to get exactly 64 qualifiers. 12 players who had competed in the Carling World Open the previous week were exempted from qualifying so that only 52 qualified through local qualifying. Match play Although most professional tournaments are played using the stroke play scoring system, there are, or have been, some exceptions, for example

2392-425: The two leaders playing together, a large throng of spectators followed their group. Taylor extended his lead to three at the first hole of the final round. At the 3rd hole, however, he was distracted by a photographer and dropped a stroke to Vardon. The Championship was largely decided at the 4th hole where Taylor deposited his ball into a water hazard and took 7 whilst Vardon carded a 4. Williamson played steady golf in

2444-406: The winner receiving £200, the runner-up £50, the losing semi-finalists £30, the losing quarter-finalists £15 and third round losers £12 10s. Prize money was increased to £1,040 with the winner receiving £300, the runner-up £100, the losing semi-finalists £50, the losing quarter-finalists £25 and prizes of £15, £10 and £5 for losers in the first three rounds. Prize money was increased to £1,250 with

2496-548: Was also often notable for remarkable runs to the later stages by veteran players – Max Faulkner was a semi-finalist in 1967 aged 51 and reached the quarter-finals three years later, and in 1969 Dai Rees reached the final aged 56. However, following the establishment of the British PGA Championship (at stroke play ) in 1955, the matchplay version lost some of its importance, and the matchplay format fell out of favour with sponsors, who could not guarantee that

2548-872: Was born in Grantham , England , to Edmund and Lilian on 9 February 1880. Williamson was professional at Notts Golf Club , now Hollinwell (Notts Golf Club), in Nottinghamshire , England , for 54 years. He was a regular competitor in the Open Championship , playing between 1897 and 1947. He last played in 1947. Williamson designed over sixty courses and by 1919 it was said that he had made recommendations to every course within 50 miles of Nottingham. He designed amongst others Stanton-on-the-Wolds Golf Club, Zurich Golf and Country Club, Coombe Park, Wollaton, Hillsborough, Radcliffe-on -Trent, Worksop and he made substantial alterations to Hollinwell, Kedleston Hall, Sherwood Forest and Burton-on-Trent, and designed other courses in

2600-599: Was by a series of 36-hole stroke-play competitions; one for each of the five PGA sections. The number of qualifiers from each section was based on the membership of that section. The Southern section had 16 qualifiers, the Midland and Northern sections had 5 each, the Scottish section 4 and the Irish section 2. The matches in the final stage were over 18 holes except for the final which was over 36 holes. Extra holes were played in

2652-439: Was re-arranged for Royal Mid-Surrey Golf Club from 30 April to 3 May. The 64 qualifiers for the 1939 tournament were invited although a number were unable to play. The 1945 event was arranged at short notice and there were no qualifying events. There were 149 entries and the tournament was played at Walton Heath Golf Club from 23 to 27 July. 21 matches were played on the first day to reduce the field to 128. There were 64 matches on

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2704-568: Was the first to number clubs in 1906. He experimented with score cards placing a course plan on the reverse side in 1930. He designed sixty courses, the majority in the East Midlands. He was a founder member of the PGA and became its Captain in 1928. He had a good reputation as a teacher and taught Enid Wilson who won the English Ladies Championship three times. He was known as a modest man of integrity. Williamson

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