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21-590: The British Poultry Standard is the oldest poultry fancy breed standard in the world. It is published by the Poultry Club of Great Britain and is the official reference standard used by judges at poultry shows within the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland. The standard was first published in 1865 by the original Poultry Club of Great Britain, a club which existed for only three years. It

42-606: A first edition. The edition published in 2019 by Wiley-Blackwell is the seventh in the current numbering. The standard is the official reference for use by judges at poultry shows in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland. It contains breed standards of more than 150 breeds of chickens , ducks , geese and turkeys ; pigeons are not included. Editions of the standards include, but probably are not limited to, these: Animal fancy Fancy may include ownership, showing, animal sports and other competitions, and breeding . Hobbyists may simply collect specimens of

63-431: A large horn-colored (gray) beak, pale-pink bare eye rings, brown irises, and pink legs. Males and females have identical external appearance. Juveniles are duller and have less yellow and more green plumage than the adults. The juvenile's head and neck are mostly green, the back is green and yellow, the upper side of tail is mostly green, the breast is greenish, the eye rings are pale-gray, and the legs are brown. Its range

84-432: Is monotypic : no subspecies are recognised. This species is also known as the golden conure. Molecular studies show that Guaruba and Diopsittaca (red-shouldered macaw) are sister genera. It is also closely related to Leptosittaca branicki , ( golden-plumed parakeet ). The golden parakeet is 34–36 cm (13–14 in) long and mainly yellow with green in the outer wings and with an all-yellow tail. It has

105-656: Is about 30 days, in which the male and female take turns incubating. In the first few years of sexual maturity, golden parakeets tend to lay infertile clutches until the age of six to eight. In captivity, golden parakeets resume breeding when their chicks are taken from them. At birth, golden parakeets are covered in white down that eventually turns darker within a week. By the end of the third week, wing feathers start to develop. Juveniles are playful, but may turn abusive against their peers. Nestlings are preyed upon by toucans , which may explain their social behavior. Nests are vigorously defended from toucans by several members of

126-635: Is almost unique amongst parrots, as pairs are aided by a number of helpers which aid in the raising of the young. This behavior is less common with parakeets in captivity, which often abandon their young after three weeks. After the golden parakeet reaches sexual maturity at the age of three years, the breeding season starts in November and runs through February. They nest in a high tree, in deeper than average nesting cavities, and lay an average of four 37.1 by 29.9 mm (1.46 by 1.18 in) white eggs , which they aggressively guard. The incubation period

147-594: Is estimated to be limited to about 174,000 km . between the Tocantins , lower Xingu , and Tapajós Rivers in the Amazon Basin south of the Amazon River in the state of Pará , northern Brazil. Additional records occur from adjacent northern Maranhão . The birds in a 1986 study used two different habitats during the year; during the nonbreeding season, which coincided with the dry season, they occupied

168-651: The Golden Conure Society and the American Fancy Rat and Mouse Association. Golden conure Psittacus guarouba Aratinga guarouba The golden parakeet or golden conure ( Guaruba guarouba ), or the Queen of Bavaria conure is a medium-sized golden-yellow Neotropical parrot native to the Amazon Basin of interior northern Brazil . It is the only species placed in

189-474: The genus Guaruba . Its plumage is mostly bright yellow, hence its common name , but it also possesses green remiges . It lives in the drier, upland rainforests in Amazonian Brazil , and is threatened by deforestation and flooding , and also by the now-illegal trapping of wild individuals for the pet trade. It is listed on CITES appendix I. The golden parakeet was listed in 1633 by

210-633: The Dutch geographer Joannes de Laet in his History of the New World . He gave the local name as Guiarubas . De Laet included the parakeet in the 1640 French translation of his book. The word Guiarubas comes from the Tupi language : Guarajúba means "yellow bird". The golden parakeet was also described by the German naturalist Georg Marcgrave in 1648 in his Historia Naturalis Brasiliae . Marcgrave gave

231-405: The German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin revised and expanded Carl Linnaeus 's Systema Naturae he included the golden parakeet and cited earlier works including Buffon's description of "Le Guarouba". He placed it with the other parrots in the genus Psittacus and coined the binomial name Psittacus guarouba . Formerly classified as Aratinga guarouba the golden parakeet is now

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252-438: The animal in appropriate enclosures ( vivaria ), such as an aquarium , terrarium , or aviary . Some fanciers keep hobby farms , or menageries (private zoos ). There are many animal fancy clubs and associations in the world, which cater to everything from pigeons to Irish Wolfhounds . Fanciers and fancierdom may collectively be referred to as the fancy for that kind of animal, e.g. the cat fancy . Animal fancy includes

273-538: The displacement of golden parakeets by habitat loss comes from the building of the Tucuruí Dam , Pará, from 1975 to 1984. More than 35,000 forest dwellers were forced from what had been a habitat that was considered to be "among the richest and most diversified in the world." In addition, 2,875 km (1,110 sq mi) of rainforest were flooded, and 1,600 islands were produced by the flooding, all of which were heavily deforested. An international effort led by

294-494: The establishment of multi-breed groups, and may or may not affiliate with them, while national organizations often have subnational affiliates. Organizations at any level may combine the features of a breed registry , a fanciers' membership organization , a competition governing body , a trade association , a preservation group, and other categories, and may be nonprofits or commercial enterprises . Similar species-specific clubs exist for various non-domesticated species, e.g.

315-493: The group. The golden parakeet is listed on the IUCN Red List as vulnerable . This is largely due to deforestation and the capture of wild birds for aviculture , where it is in high demand due to the attractiveness of its plumage. Locally, they are considered as pests for feeding on crops, and are hunted for food or sport. The current population is estimated to be in the range of 10,000 to 20,000. An example of

336-897: The interests of keepers of pet and show animals, and breeders of livestock and working animals (e.g. the British Horse Society ), or focus on one or the other (e.g. the British Show Horse Association ). For some species, there are few multi-breed organizations, but many breed-specific clubs, e.g. the Australian Stock Horse Society, the Parthenais Cattle Breeders Association, the Bernese Mountain Dog Club of New Zealand, etc. Single-breed clubs often exist regardless of

357-579: The keeping of animals considered exotic pets ; a rapidly growing example is herpetoculture , the keeping of reptiles and amphibians . Some examples of international animal fancy organizations are: For many species of domesticated animal there are no international groups, but numerous unrelated national organizations, e.g. the American Poultry Association , and the New Zealand Cavy Club. They may commingle

378-609: The local name as Quiivbatvi . Based on Marcgrave's description, the golden parakeet was included in the works of Francis Willughby in 1678, John Ray in 1713, and Mathurin Jacques Brisson in 1760. In 1779 the French polymath, the Comte de Buffon , included a description based on a preserved specimen in his Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux . An illustration based on the same specimen was published separately. When in 1788

399-482: The only species placed in the genus Guaruba that was introduced in 1830 by the French naturalist René Lesson . The different spellings of the genus and species names result from the different spellings used by Lesson and Gmelin and the rules of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature . Lesson initially used Guarouba but on subsequent pages changed this to Guaruba . The species

420-483: The tall forest. During the breeding season, they left the tall forest and entered open areas on the edge of the forest such as fields used in agriculture. Golden parakeets are a social species, living, feeding, sleeping, and even breeding together. In the wild, they have a varied diet, feeding on fruits such as mango , muruci and açai , flowers, buds, seeds (including Croton matouensis , and crop plants, particularly maize . The golden parakeet's breeding system

441-579: Was entitled The standard of excellence in Exhibition Poultry and was edited by William Bernhardt Tegetmeier . It was the first publication of its kind. The compilation of the standard was then taken over by the second, current Poultry Club of Great Britain . The number of editions of the standard that have been published is uncertain, as each successive publisher that has been used by the Poultry Club of Great Britain has started again with

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