Brooks School is a private , co-educational , college-preparatory boarding school in North Andover , Massachusetts , United States, on the shores of Lake Cochichewick .
77-552: Brooks School was founded in 1926 by Endicott Peabody , who had previously established Groton School in 1884. It was named after Phillips Brooks (1835–1893), a well-known clergyman and author who spent summers in North Andover , Massachusetts , and briefly served as the Episcopal Bishop of Massachusetts during the 1890s. Other founders included Harvard professor Roger Bigelow Merriman and Charles Slattery ,
154-447: A " bedroom community " and "a relatively affluent town" where "[m]ost residents are well-educated and hold high-paying professional, managerial, or other office jobs." In the 21st century, the town has sought to preserve its rural character and to slow population growth; as of 2017, 42% of the town's 32.5 square miles of land was permanently protected from development. In the 2000s, Geotel Communications founder Steven Webber purchased
231-407: A 300-seat secondary performance hall, a professional orchestra, and a community music school; it was the gift of an anonymous donor, posthumously revealed to be Sterilite owner Albert Stone . The Groton-Dunstable Regional School District is currently building a new $ 88.4 million campus for its elementary school, which is scheduled to open in 2024. However, the annual per-pupil expenditures in
308-469: A female householder with no husband present, and 21.4% were non-families. Of all households 17.1% were made up of individuals, and 5.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.90 and the average family size was 3.31. The age distribution of the town's population was 32.6% under the age of 18, 4.2% from 18 to 24, 32.7% from 25 to 44, 23.5% from 45 to 64, and 7.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age
385-461: A field in the town when they were fired upon with guns used by a group of approximately 100 people opposed to the Klan; the police reported that over 100 gunshots were exchanged between the two groups, but no casualties were reported. In 1927, the local Klan chapter endorsed a full slate of candidates for the town elections, with partial success. The Klan appears to have peaked as an organized force in
462-663: A fledgling Episcopal congregation in Tombstone, Arizona . He arrived in January 1882, three months after the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral . Though Peabody felt unqualified, his stay in Tombstone proved that he could attract donors and manage a congregation, two traits he employed to great effect in his educational career. Within months, he raised $ 5,000 to build St. Paul's Episcopal Church . It opened on June 18, 1882, making it
539-460: A good athlete at Cheltenham, and Groton was one of the first American schools to emphasize organized sports as part of the day-to-day curriculum. Peabody also believed that his (mostly) wealthy students required strict discipline. He refused to allow any student to receive more than 25 cents per week in allowance, authorized hazing (including "pumping," a form of waterboarding ) until the 1920s, and expelled Archie Roosevelt for flippantly calling
616-590: A hot-summer humid continental climate ( Dfa ) bordering on Dfb and monthly averages range from 23.8 °F (−4.6 °C) in January to 71.8 °F (22.1 °C) in July. The hardiness zone is 5b. In a typical year, temperatures in Groton are below 50 °F (10 °C) for 195 days per year. Annual precipitation is typically 45.7 inches per year (high in the US) and snow covers the ground 68 days per year, or 18.6% of
693-449: A large proportion of swing voters. 58.9% of Groton voters chose Republican Mitt Romney in the 2002 Massachusetts gubernatorial election, 55.0% chose Republican Scott Brown in the 2010 U.S. Senate election, and 53.8% chose Republican Charlie Baker in the 2014 Massachusetts gubernatorial election. By contrast, 50.8% of Groton voters chose Democrat Barack Obama in the 2012 U.S. presidential election, 63.9% chose Democrat Ed Markey in
770-716: A lesser extent Henry Murray (the Harvard professor who created the Thematic Apperception Test ). In his telling, Chauncey (a former scholarship student at Groton) wanted to use scientific tests of intellectual capacity to find talented "diamond in the rough" students who had not had the benefit of a Groton education, but also hoped to complement the Scholastic Aptitude Test with other tests that could quantify virtues that Peabody prized, such as persistence and judgment. At Groton, Peabody
847-901: A long history dating back to the colonial era. It was a battlefield in King Philip's War and Queen Anne's War , and several Grotonians played notable roles in the American Revolution (including William Prescott , the American commander at the Battle of Bunker Hill ) and Shays' Rebellion . Groton is home to two college-preparatory boarding schools: Lawrence Academy at Groton , founded in 1792; and Groton School , founded in 1884. Notable Groton residents include U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry and journalists Peter Gammons , Steve Kornacki , and Dan Shaughnessy . The area surrounding modern-day Groton has, for thousands of years, been
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#1732791547855924-556: A partnership at the London banking firm of J. S. Morgan & Co. (the predecessor of J.P. Morgan & Co. ), and remained there until Samuel Peabody's death in 1909. By contrast, Peabody returned to America. He disliked the law, so his mother's relatives gave him a job at their brokerage house, which he found equally uninspiring. Having tried out law and finance and lost interest in both, Peabody went to Trinity Church rector Phillips Brooks for advice. Brooks encouraged him to attend
1001-531: A student reading Esquire magazine, he encouraged the society to target the magazine, either "making it decent or driving it out of existence." According to one story, he "refused to let divorced people set foot on his school grounds as late as the 1930s." However, he was sympathetic to the Social Gospel movement, supported Theodore Roosevelt's efforts to curb the political influence of big business, and frequently invited his "good friend" Jacob Riis ,
1078-596: A tradition of sending young British men to the military and colonial civil service. Although Peabody had initially wanted to attend Winchester College , his father approved of Cheltenham's headmaster and his mother disliked the city of Winchester . Peabody graduated from Cheltenham in 1876. He studied law at Trinity College, Cambridge , taking a first in the lower tripos and an LL.B. in 1880. At Trinity he converted from his family's Unitarianism to Anglicanism , over his mother's strenuous objections. Peabody's parents moved to England in 1875 after his father accepted
1155-641: Is a town in northwestern Middlesex County, Massachusetts , United States, within the Greater Boston metropolitan area. The population was 11,315 at the 2020 census . An affluent bedroom community roughly 45 miles from Boston, Groton has a large population of professional workers, many of whom work in Boston's tech industry . It is loosely connected to Boston by highways ( Route 2 ) and commuter rail (the MBTA Fitchburg Line ). The town has
1232-579: Is an astonishing tendency among some of the respectable people in this part of the world to justify [the Klan's] existence on the ground that the Jews and Roman Catholics are taking possession of the country." The Klan held a rally in Groton in September 1924. In 1925, an Irish resident reported a cross burning on Gibbet Hill, not far from Main Street. In October 1926, a group of 400 Klansmen were meeting in
1309-535: Is forever upward." (Ironically, Peabody had voted for Herbert Hoover in the 1932 election ; however, he also publicly defended Roosevelt when Groton alumni criticized the New Deal 's progressive policies. ) Newbold Morris said that the two Americans he admired most were Peabody and Fiorello La Guardia . On the other hand, Louis Auchincloss harbored a lifelong ambivalence for Peabody, writing that "[t]o my young eyes, and I imagine to most, he seemed to bestride
1386-468: Is to be unhappy at Groton." Robert McCormick bitterly resented Peabody and his prize classmate Franklin Roosevelt; near the end of his life his Chicago Tribune was still running headlines like "Blame Groton for Pro-British Attitude in U.S." Oliver La Farge wrote—in 1945, a quarter-century after graduating—that he still had nightmares of Peabody's Groton. Groton, Massachusetts Groton
1463-614: Is water. Groton is the largest town in Middlesex County in terms of square mileage. The town is drained by the Nashua River , Squannacook River , and Merrimack River . The center of the town is dominated mainly by Gibbet Hill, with several other large hills throughout the town. Groton is served by state routes 40 , 111 , 119 and 225 . It borders the towns of Pepperell , Dunstable , Tyngsborough , Westford , Littleton , Ayer , Shirley , and Townsend . Groton has
1540-714: The Broad Church tendency within the Episcopal Church. With respect to ritual, he preferred the low church . Theologically, he was harder to classify: unlike many members of the Broad Church (traditionally considered a safe haven for liberals and progressives ), his views could not be classified as straightforwardly liberal or conservative. Rather, he was theologically moderate and socially puritanical, leading his biographer to write that "[t]heological perplexities and subtleties simply did not affect him ... He
1617-760: The Episcopal Theological School in Cambridge, Massachusetts , a stronghold of the Broad Church tendency in the American Episcopal Church. Brooks believed that ETS taught its students to be "eager to train its men to think and reason," and "anxious to blend the most earnest piety with the most active intelligence." Peabody graduated from ETS in 1884. As a seminarian, Peabody assisted the liberal theologian Leighton Parks at Emmanuel Church in Back Bay ; Parks gave him
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#17327915478551694-427: The MBTA Fitchburg Line , the town's present-day commuter rail link to Boston. African-Americans have lived in the area since at least the 1750s, when Primus Lew (father of Barzillai Lew ) bought a farm in the area. Private Pomp Phillis was called up to fight at Lexington and Concord. Historian Jeremy Belknap wrote that "a negro man belonging to Groton" fired the shot that killed British general John Pitcairn at
1771-533: The poverty line , including 1.0% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over. Groton annually hosts the National Shepley Hill Horse Trials, an equestrian competition. The Groton-Dunstable Crusaders high school boys and girls athletic teams also compete in the town. The town of Groton is governed by an open town meeting and administered by an elected five-member select board and appointed town manager. The town has
1848-515: The 1750s of Akwesasne , after moving up the St. Lawrence River from Kahnawake to escape the ill effects of traders. The brothers' older sister Sarah Tarbell was ransomed by a French family, and converted to Catholicism. Renamed as Marguerite, she followed Lydia Longley in joining the Congregation of Notre Dame , and served with them for the rest of her life. In the late nineteenth century, a plaque
1925-728: The 2020 U.S. Senate election, and 67.2% chose Democrat Joe Biden in the 2020 U.S. presidential election. Groton previously hosted Prescott Elementary School (1927–2008, now closed), the Catholic Country Day School of the Holy Union (1949–2017, now closed), and the Lowthorpe School of Landscape Architecture (1901–1945, merged with the Rhode Island School of Design ). The old Groton High School building at 145 Main Street, which housed
2002-765: The 2021-22 school year, Brooks reported total assets of $ 196.7 million, net assets of $ 142.4 million, investment holdings of $ 83.6 million, and cash holdings of $ 17.6 million. Brooks also reported $ 27.2 million in program service expenses and $ 6.2 million in grants (primarily student financial aid ). The school completed a $ 60 million fundraising campaign in 2008. It is currently conducting the Centennial Campaign, which seeks to raise $ 80 million for various initiatives, including $ 30 million in endowment funds for financial aid and $ 10 million to support faculty salaries. Endicott Peabody (educator) The Reverend Endicott Peabody (May 31, 1857 – November 17, 1944)
2079-563: The 2022–23 school year were $ 19,392.35, just below the state average of $ 20,133.67, and in April 2024, voters rejected a proposed $ 7.6 million/3 year tax increase for the school district by a 3-to-2 margin. According to the United States Census Bureau , Groton has a total area of 33.7 square miles (87.3 km ), of which 32.8 square miles (84.9 km ) is land and 0.9 square miles (2.4 km ) (2.79%)
2156-527: The 2023-24 school year is $ 73,400 for boarding students and $ 60,300 for day students. 35% of the student body is on financial aid, and the average aid grant is $ 49,000. In 2023, 122 Brooks families received financial aid grants; after deducting financial aid, 33 families paid between $ 0 and $ 5,000 for tuition, and another 19 families paid under $ 10,000. 38 families receiving aid had family incomes under $ 100,000/year. Brooks' financial endowment stands at $ 101.9 million. In its Internal Revenue Service filings for
2233-419: The 338-acre Gibbet Hill Farm to prevent residential development on the site; the town meeting reportedly greeted his intervention with a standing ovation. Town representatives state that they welcome tourists and seek to encourage "a constant trickle rather than a deluge of visitors." In 2017, the town adopted the motto "All Are Welcome" and placed six waystones engraved with the motto on the major roads entering
2310-572: The Battle of Bunker Hill. Starting in the 1840s, Catholic immigrants (mainly Irish , but also some French Canadians ) began moving to the Nashoba Valley in large numbers. St. Mary's Catholic Church was established in 1858 to serve the Catholic residents of Ayer. Ayer split off from Groton in 1871, and in 1904, one of the local private schools donated Sacred Heart Church for the use of
2387-469: The Catholics who stayed in Groton proper. Groton's economic growth slowed in the second half of the nineteenth century. The soapstone quarry shut down in 1868. The town's population nearly halved (3,584 to 1,862) from 1870 to 1880, although most of this was due to the 1871 secession of Ayer, which had 1,600 residents in 1870. In the 19th century and early part of the 20th century, Groton's population
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2464-520: The Longleys who were abducted in 1694. The raiders took them overland and by water to the Mohawk mission village of Kahnawake (also spelled Caughnawaga) south of Montreal . The two Tarbell boys, John and Zachariah, were adopted by Mohawk families and became fully assimilated. They later each married chiefs' daughters, had families, and became respected chiefs themselves. They were among the founders in
2541-546: The Prescott Elementary School, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places . Over 30% of the land in Groton, Massachusetts is protected open space. The majority of this open space is accessible to the public. Groton also has over 100 miles of trails. Many of these trails can be walked and biked, others are available for hunting and/or camping. The trails are made and maintained by
2618-651: The acting (and future) Bishop of Massachusetts. The school opened on September 29, 1927, with fourteen boys in the first and second forms (seventh and eighth grades), two masters, a headmaster and headmistress, and one dormitory. The school added one form (grade) each year thereafter until it comprised grades 7–12, denoted by the British educational notations, Forms I, II, III, IV, V, and VI, respectively. Forms I and II (seventh and eighth grades) were later dropped. Brooks School has had just four heads of school in over 80 years. The school started admitting day students in
2695-410: The area by 1931, when Klan head Hiram Wesley Evans visited West Townsend to implore the remaining Klansmen to rebuild the local chapters. The rate of inter-confessional marriages, which decreased significantly from 1924 to 1928, began rising again starting in 1929. In 2020, Groton unanimously approved a measure denouncing racial bigotry and advocating equality in recognition of earlier violence and
2772-581: The battle, more than any other town. This patriotic feeling did not last very long, and a majority of Groton residents aligned with the rebels during Shays' Rebellion . Job Shattuck , a former Continental Army officer and Groton's largest landowner, organized an early tax revolt in 1782. He escaped with a fine, but rose up again in 1786 and led a mob that shut down the Middlesex County Courthouse in Concord, Massachusetts . He
2849-506: The bringing up of well-to-do American boys of that period." His students eventually included Theodore Roosevelt's four sons; Theodore's cousin, the future president Franklin D. Roosevelt; and Morgans , Whitneys , McCormicks , and children of other prominent families. The school's marketing materials said that the school would "prepar[e] boys for college," but also "cultivate manly, Christian character, having regard to moral and physical as well as intellectual development." Peabody had been
2926-486: The church's 125th anniversary, Peabody was added to the liturgical calendar of the Episcopal Diocese of Arizona . His feast day is November 17. After returning to Massachusetts, Peabody briefly preached at St. Mark's School , his brother George's alma mater, which was looking for a new headmaster at the time. Founded in 1865, St. Mark's was one of America's first British-style boarding schools . Impressed,
3003-458: The confluence of Nod Brook and the Nashua River . The Nashaway called the area Petapawag , meaning "swampy land." Over the years, more European settlers moved to the area, as it was productive for fishing and farming . In 1655, the town of Groton was officially settled and incorporated by a group of selectmen including Deane Winthrop . The town was named for Groton in Suffolk , England ,
3080-521: The contemporary social justice movement. Starting in the 1950s, the town of Groton enjoyed an economic revival as Boston's high-tech sector expanded along the Route 128 beltway. Although Groton does not lie on Route 128, the gravity of the suburban beltway pulled exurban towns like Groton into Boston's economic orbit. The town attracted professional workers, and the population expanded rapidly, nearly quadrupling since 1950. (A group led by Marion Stoddart ,
3157-406: The early 1950s and became co-educational in 1979. In the 21st century, Brooks has focused on renovating the campus. New buildings include the arts center, the science center, the admissions building, and a crew boathouse on Lake Cochichewick . In the 2022-23 school year, Brooks enrolled 353 students (76 freshmen, 83 sophomores, 92 juniors, and 102 seniors). 70% of Brooks students live on campus;
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3234-526: The first landing at Plymouth Rock . Endicott's great-grandfather was Salem shipowner and privateer Joseph Peabody , who made a fortune importing pepper from Sumatra , and was one of the wealthiest men in the United States when he died in 1844. Through his paternal grandmother he was descended from Massachusetts Bay Colony governor John Endecott , who founded Salem in 1628. Due to his lineage, Peabody grew up extremely well-connected. His father
3311-714: The hometown of Deane's father, the Massachusetts governor John Winthrop . Called The Plantation of Groton , it included all of present-day Groton and Ayer , almost all of Pepperell and Shirley , large parts of Dunstable , Littleton , and Tyngsborough , smaller parts of Harvard and Westford , and the New Hampshire towns of Nashua and Hollis . During King Philip's War , when English colonists and Native Americans tried to destroy each other, on March 13, 1676, Native Americans raided and burned all buildings except for four Groton garrisons . Among those killed
3388-468: The idea of student merit and achievement that Peabody cultivated at Groton—specifically, the elevation of character and physical accomplishments alongside academic excellence—forms the basis of the modern-day American college admissions system. Karabel argues that Harvard president A. Lawrence Lowell used extracurricular achievements and unquantifiable character assessments, which typically favored students at upper-class private schools like Groton, to limit
3465-475: The idea of working at a prep school. (Peabody later repaid Parks by placing him on the Groton School board of trustees and inviting him to give the school's commencement address three times. ) He was also heavily influenced by F. W. Robertson , who Stopford Brooke described as "partly a prophet of the old, partly of the new." After his first semester of classes, Peabody was invited to take charge of
3542-489: The land for the school campus, provided that Peabody build a school chapel that would serve both local Episcopalians and the school community. Peabody led Groton School from 1884 to 1940. During this entire time, the Groton School chapel served as the area's parish church. In 1889, Peabody founded St. Andrew's Episcopal Church to serve as a chapel of ease for people living in Ayer. He recruited talented, ambitious young men for
3619-440: The number of Jewish students at Harvard while still maintaining the illusion of merit-based admissions. In The Big Test (1999), Nicholas Lemann agrees that Peabody prioritized leadership and character over "intellectual brilliance and artistic creativity," but primarily traces Peabody's influence through his students Henry Chauncey (the Harvard dean who popularized the use of standardized testing in college admissions) and to
3696-526: The oldest Protestant church building in Arizona. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1971. To build up the congregation and raise money, Peabody visited up to 15 homes a day. It is said that he visited saloons to ask gamblers for donations and "would challenge locals to boxing matches on the condition that if he won, they had to come to church on Sunday," although Peabody dismissed most of these stories as apocryphal. Regardless of
3773-424: The other 30% commute to Brooks from surrounding communities in Massachusetts and New Hampshire. 30% of Brooks students identify as people of color. In the 2021-22 school year, of the 351 Brooks students, 249 (70.9%) were white, 42 (12.0%) were Asian, 23 (6.6%) were black, 20 (5.7%) were Hispanic, 3 (0.9%) were Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, 1 (0.3%) was Native American, and 13 (3.7%) were multiracial. Tuition for
3850-451: The public good. Although Peabody was ambivalent about his own time at boarding school, he was strongly influenced by Cheltenham's emphasis on public service, declaring that "if some Groton boys do not enter political life and do something for our land it won't be because they have not been urged." His public-minded approach, blue-blooded American lineage, and English manners were attractive to wealthy parents who were "privately disgusted with
3927-409: The school "the old Christ factory." To tie these two strands together, Peabody heavily emphasized football , writing that "[i]n these days of exceeding comfort, the boys need an opportunity to endure hardness and, it may be, suffering ... Football has in it the element which goes to make a soldier." Like his mentor Phillips Brooks and his alma mater Episcopal Theological School, Peabody subscribed to
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#17327915478554004-532: The school's founder Joseph Burnett asked Peabody to put himself forward for the headmaster position. However, the trustees chose someone else. After this rejection, Peabody decided to start his own school. He initially wanted to put the school in Ipswich, where his forefathers had first landed in America, but eventually chose Groton, where his in-laws lived. Local landowners James and Prescott Lawrence donated
4081-510: The social reformer, to speak to his students. He also hired several gay or bisexual teachers, including W. Amory Gardner (adopted son of Isabella ), who donated the school chapel, and Gardner's (alleged) partner Grafton Cushing , who later served as the lieutenant governor of Massachusetts. Peabody retired at the end of the 1939–40 school year and died in Groton on November 17, 1944. Upon his death, Time magazine described him as "the most famed U.S. headmaster of his generation." Peabody
4158-428: The specifics, Peabody's outgoing manner won admirers among the locals, including Wyatt Earp , whose family donated the altar rail for the new church. Peabody was frequently homesick and left Tombstone on July 17, 1882, one month after St. Paul's opened and six months after he arrived in Tombstone. George Whitwell Parson noted in his diary that day, "We will not easily fill Peabody's place." In 2007, to commemorate
4235-542: The tea industry until duties on tea were lifted. In 1775, local minutemen assembled on the common in front of the First Parish Church of Groton before marching to the Battles of Lexington and Concord . Groton sent 101 men to the battle, but they arrived too late to participate. The American commander at the Battle of Bunker Hill , William Prescott , was born in Groton, and Groton lost 10 or 12 men at
4312-531: The territory of various cultures of indigenous peoples . They settled along the rivers, which they used for domestic tasks, fishing and transportation. Historic tribes were the Algonquian -speaking Nipmuc and Nashaway Indians , who established trails connecting the area to Massachusetts Bay . The European presence in the era began when John Tinker established a trading post with the Nashaway tribe at
4389-546: The town also welcomed industry. In the early 1800s, the Hollingsworth family ( Hollingsworth & Vose ) acquired a paper mill in West Groton. In 1828, miners discovered a large soapstone quarry; Groton eventually hosted the nation's largest soapstone factory, which exported products as far away as China. South Groton (Groton Junction, now Ayer ) was connected to railroad lines in the 1840s. One line survives as
4466-412: The town was 97.22% White , 0.35% Black or African American , 0.13% Native American , 0.97% Asian , 0.02% Pacific Islander , 0.27% from other races , and 1.04% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.14% of the population. There were 3,268 households, out of which 46.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 70.0% were married couples living together, 6.3% had
4543-423: The town. Although the town's policies have successfully slowed population growth, town amenities have generally improved. Gibbet Hill now hosts a farm-to-table steakhouse. In 2017, the nation's largest Shirdi Sai Baba temple opened in Groton; it cost approximately $ 11 million to build. The 126,000-square-foot Groton Hill Music Center opened in 2022 and includes a 1,000-seat (expandable to 2,300) concert hall,
4620-536: The vicarate. St. Andrew's provided the first practical ministerial experience for Charles Slattery , bishop of Massachusetts , Angus Dun , bishop of Washington, D.C. , and William Greenough Thayer , headmaster of St. Mark's School, among others. In 1950, the school's pastoral responsibilities were transferred to St. Andrew's. Groton School opened in 1884. Peabody fashioned the curriculum and lifestyle for boys from upper-class families, whom he wished to steer toward moral leadership, philanthropy, and contributions to
4697-460: The wife of one such technology worker, sponsored the cleanup of the Nashua River; previously, the river was so polluted with sludge that on some days, animals could run across it. ) In 2021, Groton's per capita income ranked 32nd out of 341 towns and cities in Massachusetts. In addition, as of 2015, 31 Groton residents reported incomes over $ 1 million. Town representatives describe Groton as
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#17327915478554774-520: The world like a colossus, but in retrospect I see him more as a David engaged in the seemingly hopeless struggle of preserving some degree of spirituality from the Goliath of materialism that re-invaded the school with each new form of prosperous youngsters." A thirteen-year-old Averell Harriman said, “You know he would be an awful bully if he wasn’t such a terrible Christian”; later in life, he told Arthur Schlesinger that "the only recipe for success
4851-518: The year (high for the US). It may be helpful to understand the yearly precipitation by imagining nine straight days of moderate rain per year. The humidity is below 60% for approximately 25.4 days, or 7% of the year. As of the census of 2000, there were 9,547 people, 3,268 households, and 2,568 families residing in the town. The population density was 291.3 inhabitants per square mile (112.5/km ). There were 3,393 housing units at an average density of 103.5 per square mile (40.0/km ). The racial makeup of
4928-409: Was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.5 males. The median income for a household in the town was $ 118,041, and the median income for a family was $ 136,653. Males had a median income of $ 101,117 versus $ 60,402 for females. The per capita income for the town was $ 44,756. About 1.1% of families and 1.8% of the population were below
5005-466: Was John Nutting, a Groton Selectman . Survivors fled to Concord and other safe havens. Two years later, many returned to rebuild. The rebuilt town was heavily militarized, and recorded a garrison of 91 men in 1692. In 1694, Abenaki warriors attacked the town again during the Raid on Groton (during King William's War ). Lydia Longley and two of her siblings were taken captive; the rest of their family
5082-482: Was a Boston merchant and an associate of J. P. Morgan . His mother was the daughter of John Clarke Lee , the founder of the financial firm Lee, Higginson & Co. His cousin was Alice Hathaway Lee , the first wife of President Theodore Roosevelt ; Peabody was an usher at their wedding. In 1885, Peabody married his first cousin, Fannie Peabody, daughter of Francis (Samuel's brother) and Helen (Bloodgood) Peabody. They had six children. His son Malcolm E. Peabody
5159-990: Was a respected but divisive figure. He tried to treat his students like family, but his emphasis on social conformity alienated many students who did not fit into the mold of a "Groton boy." He encouraged some of the latter students to withdraw from the school, although Dean Acheson 's mother flatly rejected the idea, replying that "I didn't send Dean here to have you make a 'Groton boy' out of him. I sent him here to be educated." Several of his nonconformist students, like Acheson, Sumner Welles , and Robert McCormick (who did in fact leave Groton), nonetheless went on to distinguished careers. Franklin Roosevelt said of Peabody, "As long as I live his influence will mean more to me than that of any other people next to my father and mother"; he invited him to officiate at his wedding and to preach at his inauguration. In Roosevelt's fourth inaugural address, delivered two months after Peabody's death, he quoted Peabody's dictum that "the trend of civilization
5236-544: Was an American Episcopal priest who founded Groton School in 1884 and Brooks School in 1926. He also founded St. Paul's Episcopal Church ( Tombstone, Arizona ) in 1882 and St. Andrew's Episcopal Church ( Ayer, Massachusetts ) in 1899. Peabody served as Groton's headmaster from 1884 until 1940, in which capacity he educated Franklin Delano Roosevelt . Upon his death, Time magazine described him as "the most famed U.S. headmaster of his generation." Peabody
5313-491: Was an active part of the independent school community. He founded Brooks School in 1926 in memory of his mentor Phillips Brooks, who died in 1893; he also chaired its board of trustees. He provided important early support to Baguio School in the Philippines, lending it a faculty member and sending his son Malcolm to teach there. He also served as a trustee of Lawrence Academy at Groton from 1884 to 1908. Peabody
5390-420: Was bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Central New York . His grandchildren included Massachusetts governor Endicott H. Peabody and UNCHR representative Marietta Peabody Tree . His great-grandchildren include author Frances FitzGerald , model Penelope Tree , and actress Kyra Sedgwick . In 1871, when Peabody was thirteen, his parents sent him to England to attend Cheltenham College , a boarding school with
5467-542: Was born in Salem, Massachusetts on either May 30 or 31, 1857 to Samuel Endicott Peabody and Marianne Cabot Lee. He had three brothers and one sister: John, a banker; Francis , a lawyer; Martha, who married into a prominent family in Groton, Massachusetts ; and George, a banker. The Peabodys were "one of the oldest Massachusetts families." Lt. Francis Peabody moved to Ipswich, Massachusetts in 1635, fifteen years after
5544-464: Was captured by a search party that included some pro-government Groton residents. He was sentenced to death but pardoned by Governor John Hancock . Early Groton developed a strong economy, assisted by its location near the confluence of the Nashua and Squannacook Rivers. By 1790 it was the second-largest town in Middlesex County, with 1,840 residents. Agriculture was the backbone of the economy, but
5621-709: Was elected to the American Antiquarian Society in 1891 and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1918. He received honorary degrees from Harvard and Yale. In 1889, the Columbia University board asked him to apply for the Columbia presidency, but he declined. Several scholars have discussed Peabody's Groton, principally in the context of college admissions . In The Chosen (2005), Jerome Karabel writes that
5698-779: Was installed about the Tarbell children at the site of the family's former farm in Groton. Descendants with the Tarbell surname are among the Mohawk living at Kahnewake and Akwesasne in the 21st century. The townsfolk of Groton supported the Patriot cause in the American Revolutionary War . Following the Boston Tea Party , the town passed a resolution thanking Boston "for their wise, prudent and spirited conduct at this alarming crisis," and resolved to boycott
5775-612: Was just not interested in details of the Higher Criticism or lower skepticism." Another writer said that Peabody "stressed social amelioration through Christian principles rather than strict adherence to the fine points of a particular creed." Peabody served as the vice president of the Boston Watch and Ward Society , a notoriously censorious organization that gave rise to the phrase " Banned in Boston "; when he caught
5852-441: Was killed. Lydia was taken to Montreal where she was ransomed, converted to Catholicism, and joined the Congregation of Notre Dame , a non-cloistered order. In 1704, during Queen Anne's War , an Abenaki raiding party kidnapped Matthias Farnsworth III from his home and brought him to Montreal. In June 1707, Abenaki warriors abducted three children of the large family of Thomas Tarbell and his wife Elizabeth (Wood), cousins to
5929-476: Was largely white and Christian; people have debated whether it was a sundown town . The town became a center of the Second Ku Klux Klan , which was active in Massachusetts in the 1920s. This incarnation of the Klan expressed primarily anti-Catholic and anti-immigrant prejudice, while also opposing racial minorities. Local schoolmaster Endicott Peabody summarized the movement as follows: "There
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