A tracked articulated vehicle or articulated tracked vehicle (abbreviated as ATV . but not to be confused with all-terrain vehicle ), is a variation of a continuous track vehicle that consists of two cars, each with their own track, most commonly with an actuated linkage in between. This configuration allows an articulated tracked vehicle to turn by articulating the swivel joint in between the two vehicles (also known as articulated steering), as opposed to using differential steering to move one track faster than the other.
37-822: The Bronco All Terrain Tracked Carrier ( ATTC ) is a twin chassis multi-purpose tracked articulated vehicle jointly developed by ST Kinetics and the Defence Science and Technology Agency (DSTA) for the Singapore Army . A variant of the Bronco in British service in Afghanistan was named Warthog . The Bronco consists of two fully armoured front and rear units connected by a hydraulic articulated joint. The all-welded steel armoured hull provides
74-477: A Fire Control Unit and an inertial navigation system, allowing it to conduct immediate deployment without conventional surveying methods. A hydro-pneumatic Recoil System reduces the overall recoil force, thus allowing minimal reinforcement of the original hull structure, and post-firing stabilising time. This increases the rate of firing with improved accuracy. The AFCS is also equipped with a Mortar Platoon Management System (MPMS), which enables it to be networked via
111-528: A greater volume of 7.9 m for the rear and 5.2 m for the front module. The Bronco 3 is fitted with a new Mercedes-MTU TD106 325 hp engine providing higher torque, delivering improved off-road performance and reduced fuel consumption. The Bronco has been in service with the Singapore Armed Forces since 2001, with more than 600 delivered. In 2007, Thailand became the first export customer for the Bronco. The Bronco has undergone extensive trials in
148-514: A key design aim to provide at least Warthog levels of protection at no more than Bronco 1's base design gross vehicle weight of 16 tonnes, instead of the Warthog's ultimate operational weight which peaked at 21 tonnes. An amphibious capability comparable to that of the original Bronco 1 was also desired, with the Bronco 3 capable of attaining 5 km/h in water. Both modules have been redesigned and now feature blast deflecting V-shaped hulls suspended from
185-410: A manner more similar to that of a wheeled vehicle, where either the front or rear of the vehicle is turned in a direction left or right of the travel direction and the vehicle as a whole steers in a curved path. There is no major difference in the travel direction between the rear and front tracks, and thus a central differential is not required. Tracked articulated vehicles typically steer by actuating
222-707: A number of countries, including Finland, France, Morocco, Turkey and the US. Overall, more than 1,200 vehicles have been delivered in at least 20 different versions. In December 2008, ST Kinetics was awarded a £150 million single source contract by the British Ministry of Defence for over 100 Bronco All Terrain Tracked Carriers for use in Afghanistan under an Urgent Operational Requirement (UOR). The vehicles, known as Warthog in British service, supplemented
259-421: A redesigned and stiffened chassis by four rubber isolators; additional benefits of this isolator interface include the ability to swap the rear module in less than 30 minutes, and a reduction (when compared to Bronco 2) in noise, vibration, and harshness levels of 50%. To further increase mine / IED protection in the rear wagon, this has now a one-metre ground clearance, the roof having being heightened to ensure
296-403: A running gear system for soft ground conditions and directional stability. Swimming operations require minimal preparation and it can achieve a swimming speed of 4 km/h. The Bronco's four-sprocket drive, fully articulated steering with optional differential lock provides for small turning radius manoeuvres and improved performance. The Bronco has a load carrying capacity of up to 5 tonnes and
333-407: A tracked articulated vehicle both wagons are powered and that removing the coupling in between the units would render them inoperable. Just like conventional dual-tracked vehicles, the purpose of an articulated tracked vehicle is to better navigate off-road terrain, in particular snow , mud and other weak soil, by using long articulated tracks instead of wheels with tires. Tracked vehicles spread
370-584: Is a biennial defence and security trade exhibition which serves as a forum between governments, national armed forces, industry, and academics, held at ExCeL London . DSEI 2019 comprised c. 1700 exhibitors from 58 countries , and DSEI 2023 is scheduled for 12–15 September 2023. In 1999, the UK's Labour Government privatised the joint British Army and Royal Navy Exhibitions which had taken place since 1976. Exhibition company, Spearhead, launched DSEI (then known as Defence and Systems Equipment International) and
407-409: Is capable of a top speed of 60 km/h (37 mph) on the road and at least 25 km/h (16 mph) on cross-country terrain. An advantage the standard Bronco has over other western armoured personnel carriers is its relatively large interior, with seating for 16 including the driver, dependent on percentile measurements. The troop carrier version can carry six people in the front unit and ten in
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#1732780129540444-591: Is reduced mechanical complexity compared to differential steering. Tracked articulated vehicles are used for a variety of purposes in militaries as armoured fighting vehicles specifically geared for terrain with soft soil, in particular snow. An early example would be the Canadair RAT, which was developed to transport infantrymen and tow toboggans across the frozen lakes of the Canadian north. The Finnish Army extensively uses Sisu Nasu vehicles to traverse
481-487: The European theatre of World War II got stuck in mud so often, found that most of immobilisations of military vehicles occurred in this manner. A tracked articulated vehicle is always aimed towards its running direction. Although tracked-articulated vehicles cannot turn around their own axis like differential-steering tracked vehicles, the joint introduces a turning point that allows an articulated vehicle to be steered in
518-985: The Thales Watchkeeper UAV manned by 32nd Regiment Royal Artillery and 47th Regiment Royal Artillery under the Army 2020 concept, a subsequent March 2016 report stated that the British Army had phased out the Warthog in October 2015, as it was specifically for use in Afghanistan operations. The Ukrainian armed forces has received a total of 25 Warthogs in three versions from the German federal government, including five repair and recovery vehicles, ten ambulance and ten command vehicles. Tracked articulated vehicle Tracked articulated vehicles differ from most other articulated vehicles in that in
555-403: The ground pressure exerted on the ground by the weight of the vehicle across the whole vehicle length, reducing the ground pressure per surface area and preventing a vehicle from sinking in soft soil. However, conventional dual-track vehicles can steer only by differential steering . Doing so applies friction on the ground that must be overcome by slowing down the vehicle and increasing thrust on
592-527: The 2007–2008 Japanese-Swedish joint Antarctic traverse. Some fire departments employ tracked articulated vehicles for the express purpose of fighting fires in wooded areas susceptible to wildfires . The Singapore Civil Defence Force deploys modified military Bvs-206's, dubbed the Tracked Firefighting Vehicle (TFV) , for this purpose. DSEI Defence and Security Equipment International ( DSEI , formerly stylized DSEi )
629-541: The Battlefield Management System (BMS). At the DSEI 2017 exhibit, ST Kinetics unveiled the development of the Bronco 3. The Bronco 3 is the logical evolution of the Bronco 2 (Warthog), and factors in many lessons gained from more than 15 years of service of the Bronco 1 with Singapore as well as operational experience of the Warthog in Afghanistan. Development of the Bronco 3 commenced in 2010, with
666-413: The Bronco, including ambulance, engineer , repair and recovery , load carrier, troop carrier and fuel resupply vehicles. Troop carrier, ambulance, command and repair and recovery variants of the Warthog were also built under contract. The Warthog uses a different engine, a Caterpillar C7 turbocharged 6-cylinder diesel delivering 350 hp (260 kW). Once delivered to the UK, contractor Thales fitted
703-762: The M973 Small Unit Support Vehicle (SUSV). SUSV's were deployed in Taskforce Eagle during Operation Joint Endeavor as backup vehicles should snow block up the roads to troop deployments. They are also deployed at the Mountain Warfare Training Center and have been used to train soldiers for the war in Afghanistan. In the logging , drilling , and mining industries, tracked articulated vehicles are used to move loads and personnel in remote locations. Such vehicles are marketed as being lighter and easier on
740-690: The SAF, DSTA and Singapore Technologies Kinetics. Operating on a 4 men crew, the MTC's primary weapon is the ST Kinetics 120mm Super Rapid Advanced Mortar System (SRAMS), the world's first recoiled mortar to incorporate a blast diffuser, greatly reducing the blast overpressure effect generated by mortars, thus allowing longer periods of firing without injuring the crew. The MTC has a built-in Automatic Fire Control System (AFCS) comprising
777-464: The UK. In 2021 Amnesty International reported a brochure listing "waist chains and cuffs with leg cuffs" by a company at the event. Thus the event attracts campaigns against it, which have included attempts to disrupt the set-up of the event. DSEI frequently attracts protests from those opposed to the promotion of weapons in London, who are critical of nation states that are allowed to attend or of
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#1732780129540814-521: The body – this method is known as wagon steering. Tracked articulated vehicles can be longer and narrower than their dual-tracked counterparts, which need to have a certain width proportional to their length in order to steer. The narrower profile of articulated vehicles makes them encounter less friction and allows them to steer around terrain obstacles better. Tracked articulated vehicles also tend to sink into snow more evenly, instead of diving down "bottom first". An added benefit of articulated steering
851-703: The closure of Camp Bastion in 2015. While operating as part of the Royal Marines Armoured Support Group , it was crewed throughout its use in Afghanistan by soldiers exclusively from the Royal Armoured Corps . The last Warthog Group came from C (the Duke of Edinburgh) Squadron, the Queen's Royal Hussars . While Janes had reported that British Warthogs were planned to have been transformed to serve as transporter vehicles for
888-477: The coalition around £18 billion since the conflict began in 2015". DSEI 2021 took place 14–17 September 2021, despite Sadiq Khan's protestations. It gave an exhibition of land, aerospace, naval, joint and security capabilities, with an extensive keynote and seminar programme as well as the debut of DSEI Connect, a virtual platform created to give access to DSEI content and business development opportunities for those unable to attend in person. Fully endorsed by
925-527: The equipment promoted. In 2019, London Mayor Sadiq Khan criticised the event, stating "London is a global city, which is home to individuals who have fled conflict and suffered as a consequence of arms and weapons like those exhibited at DSEI. In order to represent Londoners’ interests, I will take any opportunity available to prevent this event from taking place at the Royal Docks in future years." More than 100 protestors were arrested for blockading
962-480: The event in 2017, with the Supreme Court subsequently ruling on proportionality. Amnesty International has criticised the event for selling weapons of torture and for providing weapons that have been traced to attacks on civilians. In 2019 AI made a spoof video highlighting the event and criticising its activities. Campaign Against Arms Trade (CAAT) regularly campaigns against DSEI citing that many of
999-626: The first event took place at Chertsey , Surrey. In 2001, the exhibition moved to its current location at the ExCeL exhibition centre in London Docklands . DSEI rebranded in 2009 to Defence and Security Equipment International. In April 2008, Clarion Events acquired DSEI. In 2007 two exhibitors were expelled by the then organisers, Reed Exhibitions, after distributing brochures advertising leg irons. In 2011 DSEI ejected two exhibitors promoting cluster munitions which are banned by
1036-429: The linkage connecting the cars of an articulated tracked vehicle. This linkage, called the train joint, uses hydraulic actuators to position the front vehicle in an opposing direction to the rear one, and curves the direction of travel this way. Alternatively but rarer, tracked articulated vehicles may contain a separate turntable that separates the drivetrain from the body, and turns the entire drivetrain in relation to
1073-439: The occupants with protection from 7.62 mm small arms fire and shell splinters. The Bronco is powered by a Caterpillar model 3126B four-stroke turbocharged and charge air-cooled diesel engine developing 350 bhp at 2,400 rpm coupled to an Allison MD3560P fully automatic transmission . Designed to traverse difficult terrain, the Bronco has a ground pressure of 60 kPa and is fitted with heavy-duty seamless rubber tracks and
1110-611: The official military and security delegations that attend the exhibition represent human rights abusing regimes such as Egypt , the UAE , Bahrain and all countries on the UK Government's own list of "countries of concern". One regime that CAAT highlights is Saudi Arabia which has been one of the leading countries involved in the war in Yemen which CAAT states "has seen the deaths of thousands of civilians, and estimated arms sales to
1147-470: The one side of the tracks. If the soil is however very weak and stressed to the point of slippage, and no momentum is attained, turning can only be accomplished by decreasing thrust on the opposite track. Steering in this manner has a high probability of causing a vehicle to dig itself further into the soil and become completely immobilized. Reports from the "Mud Committee", a British military research group tasked with discovering why Allied tracked vehicles in
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1184-471: The rear unit. Maximum payload is 1,200 kg (2,600 lb) for the front unit and 3,000 kg (6,600 lb) for the rear unit. The cargo carrier, which is fitted with drop sides and a drop tailgate, can carry 3,700 kg (8,200 lb) in the rear unit while retaining the amphibious characteristics of the troop-carrying version. The Bronco is fully air-portable in a C-130 Hercules transport aircraft. Singapore has already deployed several variants of
1221-718: The relatively low strike rate part-attributable to the design's ability to traverse terrain inaccessible to other wheeled or tracked vehicles. In December 2010, a British Army soldier, Lance Corporal William Reeks, survived an IED attack after the Warthog he was travelling in set off an IED believed to be 50 kg (110 lb). His family believes that the stronger armour of the Warthogs, which replaced less heavily fortified Viking armoured vehicles prior to their protection upgrades, helped save their son's life. The Warthog continued in British service in Helmand Province until
1258-479: The similar BvS 10 Viking vehicles operating in southern Afghanistan by the British military, and was procured as part of a £700 million package announced by Defence Secretary John Hutton . Deliveries began in the third quarter of 2009 and finished in 2010. The first vehicles arrived in Afghanistan in mid-2010. Throughout its use in Afghanistan, the UK's fleet of 115 Warthogs survived around 30 direct improvised explosive device (IED) strikes with no crew fatalities,
1295-621: The snow and bogs of northern Finland. For similar purposes, the Swedish Army uses the Bandvagn 206 series in their northernmost territories as mortar carriers and armoured personnel carriers . Within the UK and Dutch militaries, the amphibious BvS 10's are used by marines to traverse sandy beaches, but have also been used in the War in Afghanistan . The United States Marine Corps owns 302 BvS-206. In US service they are known as
1332-628: The terrain due to their low ground pressure, and disturb the ground less when making sharp turns compared to tracked vehicles with differential steering, making them usable in areas with strong winter conditions or vegetation that protects the soil against unwanted erosion . The Nordtrac Terri 2020D is an example of such a vehicle that can take on a variety of roles. In the Arctic and Antarctic , tracked articulated vehicles are used for general logistics purposes in support of remote research bases. Swedish Bandvagn 206 's were used as transportation during
1369-585: The vehicles according to MoD specifications with Bowman communications systems, specialist electronic counter-measure equipment and extra protective armour including bar armour and protected seats for occupants at their facility in the former MoD depot at Llangennech near Llanelli , South Wales . A variant of the Bronco All-Terrain Tracked Carrier, the Mortar Tracked Carrier (MTC) is jointly developed by
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