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33-690: Michael Buddrus (born 1957) is a German historian. Born in Bad Doberan , from 1974 Buddrus completed a three-year locksmithing apprenticeship in Warnemünde . From 1978 to 1983, he studied at the University of Rostock . Afterwards he worked as a research assistant at the Schiffbau- und Schifffahrtsmuseum Rostock. In the years 1985–1988, he was an aspirant at the University of Rostock. With

66-885: A doctoral thesis on the history of the Hitler Youth he succeeded in 1989 in obtaining the Promotion A . He then worked until 1991 as a research assistant at the Institute for German History of the German Academy of Sciences at Berlin , then until 1993 as a research assistant at the University of Siegen . In 1994 he moved to the Institute of Contemporary History (Munich) . He conducts biographical research on National Socialist functionaries and researches on Mecklenburg history in Nazi Germany . He argues that there

99-683: A healing spa. In 2005 the new town hall was inaugurated. On 13 July 2006 the US president, George W. Bush , stayed overnight in Heiligendamm. From 6 to 8 June 2007, the G8 Summit took place in Heiligendamm, which included participation by Stephen Harper (Canada), Nicolas Sarkozy (France), Angela Merkel (Germany), Romano Prodi (Italy), Shinzō Abe (Japan), Vladimir Putin (Russia), George W. Bush (USA), Tony Blair (UK) and José Manuel Durão Barroso (EU). The classicist buildings characterizing

132-507: A recreation of the medieval Stargard lordship, to Adolphus Frederick II . At the same time, the principle of primogeniture was reasserted, and the right of summoning the joint Landtag was reserved to the ruler of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Continued conflicts and partitions weakened the rule of the dukes and affirmed the reputation of Mecklenburg as one of the most backward territories of the Empire. Mecklenburg-Schwerin began its existence during

165-443: A series of constitutional struggles between the duke and the nobles. The heavy debt incurred by Charles Leopold , who had joined Russian Empire in a war against Sweden , brought matters to a head; Charles VI interfered, and in 1728 the imperial court of justice declared the duke incapable of governing. His brother, Christian Ludwig II , was appointed administrator of the duchy. Under this prince, who became ruler de jure in 1747,

198-407: Is a place name that probably derives from a Slavic Old Polabian personal name, meaning "good" ( dobry ). According to legend, the name Doberan originated when the monastery was being built. It is said that a passing deer startled several swans, who shrieked with terror " dobre dobre ". Whereupon the monks called the place Doberan. Even today, a deer and swan adorn the arms of the town. Bad Doberan

231-515: Is also home to the " Molli ", a historic 19th century steam railway that is a tourist attraction as well as a daily commuter service in the town and to the nearby beach village. The town hosts an annual festival celebrating the music of Frank Zappa , the Zappanale , and also displays a bust of the artist. Every year the Zappanale music festival takes place in Bad Doberan. Bad Doberan

264-697: The Baltic Sea and is one of the earliest German settlements in Mecklenburg. Today the town is a very popular bathing resort, thanks to Heiligendamm , a district of Bad Doberan situated directly at the cliff line of the Baltic. Historically, Doberan used to be the summer residence for the Mecklenburg Dukes who resided in Schwerin , and for their entourage. The name Doberan, originally Dobran ,

297-634: The Confederation of the Rhine . He was later the first member of the confederation to abandon Napoleon , to whose armies he had sent a contingent, and in 1813–1814 he fought against France. With the Congress of Vienna in 1815, Frederick Francis I of Mecklenburg-Schwerin received the title of Grand Duke. After the fall of the monarchies in 1918 resulting from World War I, the Grand Duchy became

330-656: The Duchy of Mecklenburg between Schwerin and Strelitz . Ruled by the successors of the Nikloting House of Mecklenburg , Mecklenburg-Schwerin remained a state of the Holy Roman Empire along the Baltic Sea littoral between Holstein-Glückstadt and the Duchy of Pomerania . The dynasty's progenitor, Niklot (1090–1160), was a chief of the Slavic Obotrite tribal federation, who fought against

363-556: The Nazi Party had an absolute majority in the town council assembly, and published articles still exist from that time, so it was generally accepted that Hitler was really honoured in this way. With the town hosting the G8 summit in June 2007, it was decided on April 2 that Hitler should be removed from the town's roll of honour, although normally an honorary citizenship of this kind ends upon

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396-520: The Thirty Years' War . The status of Doberan was considerably enhanced the 18th century when the Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin , Frederick Francis I chose it for the recreation and entertainment of the ducal family, the Mecklenburg nobility and, later, some of the wealthy bourgeoisie too. From England it been realised that swimming in the sea was especially beneficial to health. As a result, in 1793,

429-464: The historic town centre and the monastery of Bad Doberan were thoroughly renovated as part of its urban development . In 1994, the rural district ( Landkreis ) of Bad Doberan was formed from the districts of Bad Doberan and Rostock Land and Amt Schwaan . The rehabilitation clinic of Moorbad was opened in 1996 and the Median Clinic, Heiligendamm, in 1997. Since 2000, Bad Doberan has been

462-621: The Convention of Rostock, by which a new constitution was framed for the duchy, was signed in April 1755. By this instrument, all power lay in the hands of the duke, the nobles, and the upper classes generally; the lower classes were entirely unrepresented. During the Seven Years' War , Frederick II took a hostile attitude towards Frederick the Great , and in consequence Mecklenburg-Schwerin

495-545: The advancing Saxons and was finally defeated in 1160 by Henry the Lion in the course of the Wendish Crusade . Niklot's son, Pribislav , submitted to Henry, and in 1167 came into his paternal inheritance as the first Prince of Mecklenburg. After various divisions of territory among Pribislav's descendants, Henry II of Mecklenburg (1266–1329) by 1312 had acquired the lordships of Stargard and Rostock , and bequeathed

528-611: The centre of the town. The town earned the status of a resort and the prefix Bad in 1921 ("Bad" means "spa" or "resort" and is a common prefix in Germany). In August 1932, Adolf Hitler was granted an honorary citizenship; Bad Doberan was the first town in Germany to do so. In fact, as the certificate was lost, there was disagreement for several years as to whether he had been granted honorary citizenship or not. However, in Spring 1932

561-704: The centres of Bad Doberan and Heiligendamm were all built between 1801 and 1836 by the architect, Carl Theodor Severin. However, the most famous building is the Doberan Minster ( Doberaner Münster , 1368), which was once the church of Doberan Abbey , and is one of the most impressive examples of Brick Gothic architecture in the Baltic Sea region. It is the most important religious sight on the European Route of Brick Gothic . The monumental grave of King Albert of Sweden can be found there. Bad Doberan

594-542: The critically acclaimed Chinese-style pavilions, including the gem of garden architecture, the so-called Kamp . The prince's gratitude to the builder who shaped the appearance of Doberan so much, was thin; Severin died in poverty and oblivion in Bad Doberan, where he is buried at an unknown location. The heyday (1793: 900, 1840, 3,000, 1870: 4,000 inhabitants) only lasted a few decades. Gradually Heiligendamm evolved, once just an appendage of Doberan's, into an independent resort, and around Doberan it became quiet again. Neither

627-605: The death of Gustav Adolph , the family ruling over Mecklenburg-Güstrow became extinct. In 1701, with the endorsement of the Imperial state of the Lower Saxon Circle , the Treaty of Hamburg (1701) was signed and the final division of the country was made. Mecklenburg was divided between the two claimants. The Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin was given to Frederick William , and the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz , roughly

660-509: The death of the person involved. On June 12, 2011, a document surfaced that most likely points to Rosenkopf as the first German town to grant Adolf Hitler honorary citizenship (July 22, 1932), not Bad Doberan. From about 1965 to 1985 the large residential areas of Buchenberg, with 1,049 homes, and Kammerhof with 589 homes, were built in Plattenbau style. After the end of the GDR in 1990,

693-475: The development of the village of Doberan. In addition to the monastery, there was a craftsman's village, the Kammerhof (the old monastery farm), two pubs, a brickworks, a blacksmith and several cottagers ( Kötter ). It changed little after the monastery was transferred in 1552 to the sovereign. A ducal office was established in the monastery, and a mill and hunter's lodge appeared. Doberan suffered badly in

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726-590: The duchy, creating the subdivision of Mecklenburg-Güstrow , which Duke Adolf Frederick I of Mecklenburg-Schwerin inherited in 1610. In a second partition of 1621, he granted Güstrow to his brother, John Albert II . Both were deposed in 1628 by Albrecht von Wallenstein , as they had supported Christian IV of Denmark in the Thirty Years' War . Nevertheless, the Swedish Empire forced their restoration three years later. When John Albert II 's son, Duke Gustav Adolph , died without male heirs in 1695, Mecklenburg

759-633: The duke bathed on the advice of his Rostock physician, Samuel Gottlieb Vogel , at the Heiliger Damm in the Baltic Sea, marking the birth of the first German seaside resort, Heiligendamm . The bathers stayed in Doberan and played on slot machines (the ducal resort coffers collected 30,000 thalers of royalties from Doberan's casinos ), dancing, and horse racing (probably the first horse race in Germany took place here on 10 August 1822). Renowned architects, such as Carl Theodor Severin , students of

792-410: The granting of town rights to Doberan in 1879 (motto: Hirsch, crook and swan, are the arms of Doberan) nor the construction of the railway line from Rostock via Bad Doberan to Wismar in 1883/84, nor the establishment of a narrow gauge steam railway between 1886 and 1910 altered the situation much. The railway, known locally as Molli still runs today via Heiligendamm to Kühlungsborn , passing through

825-647: The reunified Mecklenburg lands – except for the County of Schwerin and Werle – to his sons, Albert II and John. After they both had received the title of duke, the former lordship of Stargard was recast as the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Stargard for John in 1352. Albert II retained the larger western part of Mecklenburg, and after he acquired the former County of Schwerin in 1358, he made Schwerin his residence. In 1363 Albert's son, Duke Albert III , campaigned in Sweden , where he

858-566: The two old masters of Classicist architecture, Carl Gotthard Langhans and Friedrich Gilly , and Johann Christoph von Seydewitz built in rapid succession in the pure Classicist style: the guest house ( Logierhaus ), the parlour building ( Salongebäude ) with its prestigious ballroom in the Empire style , the Prince's Palace ( Prinzenpalais ), the Stahlbad bathing house, several town houses and

891-420: Was crowned king one year later. In 1436, William, the last Lord of Werle, died without a male heir. Because William's son-in-law, Ulric II of Mecklenburg-Stargard, had no issue, his line became extinct upon Ulric's death in 1471. All possessions fell back to Duke Henry IV of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, who was then the sole ruler over all of Mecklenburg. In 1520 Henry's grandsons, Henry V and Albert VII , again divided

924-648: Was documented in 1177 as villa Slavica Doberan , but as early as 1171 Cistercian monks from Amelungsborn Abbey in the Weser Uplands founded a monastery in the Althof three kilometres southeast of the town, now a suburb of Bad Doberan. In 1179, these monasteries were largely destroyed in a Slavic uprising. Seven years later, the Cistercians made a second attempt to found a monastery on the site of today's abbey. The Romanesque abbey church, dedicated in 1232,

957-548: Was no involuntary membership in the NSDAP . In October 2013 he was appointed to the Historische Kommission für Mecklenburg  [ de ] . Bad Doberan Bad Doberan is situated just 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) west of Rostock 's city centre and is therefore part of one of the most developed regions in the north-eastern part of Germany. The town nestles between beech tree forests just 6 km from

990-602: Was occupied by Prussia . In other respects Frederick II 's rule proved beneficial to the country. In the early years of the French Revolutionary Wars , Frederick Francis I, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin remained neutral, and in 1803 he regained Wismar from the Kingdom of Sweden. In 1806 the territory was overrun by the First French Empire , and in 1808 Frederick Francis I joined

1023-518: Was one of the first cities that appointed Adolf Hitler in August 1932 an honorary citizen. On 2 April 2007, the city council formally withdrew his honorary citizenship. Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin The Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin ( German : Herzogtum Mecklenburg-Schwerin ) was a duchy in northern Germany created in 1701, when Frederick William and Adolphus Frederick II divided

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1056-546: Was replaced by a high Gothic church after the fire of 1291, the construction of which probably began in 1295, with the remaining parts of the Romanesque church being incorporated into the new building. The Gothic church was consecrated in 1368. The Doberan Abbey became very rich due to its economic activities is and had a large estate. Until the dissolution of the monasteries during the Reformation in 1552, it shaped

1089-498: Was reunited once more under Frederick William, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin . In June 1692, when Christian Louis I died in exile and without sons, a dispute arose about the succession to his duchy between his brother, Adolphus Frederick II , and his nephew, Frederick William . The emperor and the rulers of Sweden and of the Electorate of Brandenburg took part in this struggle, which was intensified three years later, when on

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