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28-650: It was first mentioned in 779 as Budilio, and means "place with houses". Budel developed in the Early Middle Ages from a collection of agrarian settlements around the Buulder Aa. In 1421, it became part of the Meierij van 's-Hertogenbosch . The Catholic Visitation of the Virgin Mary is a basilica-like church built between 1904 and 1912 with a tall tower. The Schepenhuis is located on the main market and

56-669: A battlefield and was heavily plagued by continuous raids. Around 1590 the area was solidly in Spanish hands. Like the southern Dutch states of Flanders and Hainaut , the Duchy Brabant-Limburg had chosen the side of the Catholic Habsburg monarchs of Spain . The strong catholic Counter-Reformation had had much influence on the population's mentality and culture; the Bailiwick remained Catholic. Though it

84-703: A flight of the Catholic clergy and occupation of the Catholic churches. Due to high taxes and oppression the bailiwick could not restore its old glory and became an intensely poor area without any importance. After the French war of 1795 and the proclamation of the Batavian Republic , the Meierij disappeared as a political unity and went up into Brabant. The people regained their old rights; self-government and Catholicism were not forbidden any longer. Since 1810

112-807: A separate municipality. It merged with Maarheeze in 1997, and changed its name a year later to Cranendonck. It is home to the Budelse Brouwerij , one of the country's largest microbreweries. South of the town the large zinc smelter of Nyrstar (named Umicore before 2007) is located. Though located in North Brabant near Eindhoven, the spoken dialect is Budels (linguistically a Limburgish dialect), rather than Kempenlands (linguistically an East Brabantian dialect). Meierij van %27s-Hertogenbosch The Meierij van 's-Hertogenbosch ( Dutch pronunciation: [mɛiəˈrɛi vɑn ˌsɛrtoːɣə(m)ˈbɔs] ; Dutch for "Bailiwick of 's-Hertogenbosch")

140-550: Is surrounded by the river Maas . Numerous little rivers rise in the high sand areas and find their way to the rivers Aa and Dommel . Both rivers come together in the marshlands around 's-Hertogenbosch where they form the river Dieze that ends up in the Maas. Since the Middle Ages the waste lands of Peel and Kempen have been cultivated. Only small parts of the once enormous heaths and marshlands have survived until modern times. In

168-408: Is the oldest surviving of its kind. The image of Henry I has been idealized in the relief: he is depicted as a smiling young man. In addition, he lies on a high base, wears a long robe and the duke's cloak, and holds a scepter; his left hand plays with the cord of the mantle. The archangels Raphaël and Michael wave the censer at his head. In addition to the tomb of Hendrik I van Brabant, there are also

196-509: The Fifth Crusade to Egypt . Under Henry I, there was town policy and town planning. His attention went out to those regions that lent themselves to the extension of his sovereignty and in some locations he used the creation of a new town as an instrument in the political organisation of the area. Among the towns to which the duke gave city rights and trade privileges were 's-Hertogenbosch and Eindhoven . In 1234, he participated in

224-625: The Netherlands and Northwest Europe. Henry I, Duke of Brabant Henry I ( Dutch : Hendrik , French : Henri ; c. 1165 – 5 September 1235), named "The Courageous", was a member of the House of Reginar and first duke of Brabant from 1183/84 until his death. Henry was possibly born in Leuven (Louvain), the son of Count Godfrey III of Louvain and his wife Margaret, daughter of Duke Henry II of Limburg . His father also held

252-548: The Stedinger Crusade . In 1235, Emperor Frederick II appointed Henry to travel to England to bring him his fiancée Isabella , daughter of King John of England . Henry fell ill on his way back and died at Cologne . He was buried in Saint Peter's Church at Leuven where his Late Romanesque effigy can still be seen. Henry had six children by his first marriage with Mathilde of Boulogne : His second marriage

280-401: The 12th century. To protect the area from the counts of Gelre , the dukes founded a new ring of cities. Hendrik I of Brabant granted city rights to 's-Hertogenbosch ( c.  1185 ), Oisterwijk (1213 or 1230), Sint-Oedenrode (1232) and Eindhoven (1232). However, despite these foundings, the Meierij often suffered from conflicts and wars between Brabant and Gelre. The bailiwick

308-525: The Netherlands.) Around 1900 the area got an enormous growth of population when a combination of reviving Catholicism and economic recovery caused high birthrates. Eindhoven , Tilburg and Helmond developed into major industrial centres. At the moment the area is again highly developing its industries (especially in Eindhoven and the surrounding region), and is one of the most prosperous areas of

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336-455: The area has been part of the province of North Brabant and the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Nowadays the area is still known as Meierij and is still mostly cultural Catholic . The population is considered to have a “Burgundian character” by the other Dutch, meaning that they are supposed to be companiable people who like to party exuberantly. (The term recalls the time of Burgundian rule over

364-516: The assassination of Philip, Henry was proposed as successor by King Philip II. In the war which followed, he finally reached a reconciliation with Emperor Otto IV. Together they fought against King Philip in the 1214 Battle of Bouvines , but the two were defeated. In 1213, Duke Henry also suffered a heavy defeat against the Bishopric of Liège in the Battle of Steppes . From 1217 to 1218 he joined

392-524: The bailiwick, while the village of Luyksgestel belonged to the Prince-bishopric of Liège . In 1807 these areas were exchanged. The Bailiwick of 's-Hertogenbosch consists mainly of the poor sandy grounds of the Peel and Kempen . Those areas, which in old times were not densely populated, consisted of enormous heaths and marshlands, interrupted by woods and fenlands. In the north and east the area

420-885: The death of the King of Jerusalem, Henry II, Count of Champagne , and he returned to Acre . Here he acted as regent until the arrival of the new king, Amalric II . Back in Germany after the emperor's death in September 1197, Duke Henry supported the election of the Welf candidate Otto IV , the fiancé of his daughter Maria , who rivalled with the Hohenstaufen scion Philip of Swabia . He fought against Philip's seconders Count Dirk VII of Holland and Count Otto of Guelders, however, he switched sides in 1204, when he and King Philip II of France backed Philip against Otto. In 1208, after

448-426: The eighteenth century, the grave was destroyed and its remains were buried under the tower. Only in the mid-19th century was the burial monument restored and placed in the chapel of Saint John of Latheran. The bones of Hendrik I were dug up in 1929 and only a few decades later, namely in 1998, were they put back in the tomb. In the meantime, the monument has been relocated and is back in its original place: in front of

476-403: The first part of the 19th century the rivers Aa and Dommel were cultivated but nowadays they have gone back to their old run for the purpose of nature development. Legal re-division of land forms a major threat for the cultural and historical aspects of landscape at the moment. Historically the Meierij is the descendant of Taxandria , when that area comes under the rule of the dukes of Brabant in

504-470: The most important city of the bailiwick is 's-Hertogenbosch (Dutch for 'the Duke's Forest'), also known as Den Bosch ('The Forest') or Bois-le-Duc (French name). Other parts of the bailiwick are the so-called Vier Kwartieren (four quarters): In the northeast of the bailiwick there were some free lands which were also connected to the Meierij : In the south, the nowadays Belgian town of Lommel belonged to

532-491: The title of a landgrave of Brabant , duke of Lower Lorraine and margrave of Antwerp . Henry early appeared as a co-ruler of his father. In 1180, he married Matilda of Boulogne , daughter of Marie of Boulogne and Matthew of Alsace and on this occasion received the County of Brussels from his father. He acted as a regent while Count Godfrey III went on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem from 1182 to 1184. In 1183, Henry took

560-612: The title of duke of Brabant. Upon the death of his father in 1190, King Henry VI confirmed the elevation of Brabant, while he de facto abolished the Duchy of Lower Lorraine by creating the empty title of a Duke of Lothier . Duke Henry sought to expand his power and soon picked several quarrels with the Count Baldwin V of Hainaut . He also was in opposition to the German king (emperor from 1191) when his brother Albert of Louvain

588-416: The tombs of his wife Mathilde van Boulogne and his daughter, Maria van Brabant. Originally, the tomb was at the altar. This was a privilege reserved only for prominent families and high clergy. The initially Romanesque church was replaced by a Gothic church in the fifteenth century. It was then that Hendrik's grave was moved and given a place of honor in front of the high altar. During the French occupation in

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616-587: The whole bailiwick was given to the Dutch republic at the Peace of Westphalia . The former Brabant and Limburg areas were then placed under the reign of the generality as well as Zeelandic Flanders which had been taken from Flanders. Reign of the generality in fact meant nothing else than oppression and colonisation by the Protestants . There was no self-government and Catholicism was forbidden, which resulted in

644-515: Was at April 22, 1213 in Soissons to Marie , daughter of King Philip II of France . They had two children: In 1235, Henry I was commissioned by the German emperor Frederick II of Hohenstaufen to accompany the imperial fiancée Isabella Plantagenet from England to Germany. However, he died en route in Cologne, before he could complete his assignment. His tomb in Saint Peter's Church, Leuven

672-425: Was built in 1771. It has been used as town hall, but also as market. In 1981 and 1982, it was restored and returned to its original shape. The grist mill Nooit Gedagt was built in 1846. The windmill started to be used less during the 1960s. In 1967, however, it was restored and heightened. The windmill is still in use on Saturdays and sometimes during the week. Budel was home to 440 people in 1840. Budel used to be

700-468: Was elected bishop of Liège and murdered shortly afterwards. Further conflicts with Duke Henry III of Limburg and Count Otto I of Guelders followed, before in mid-1197 Henry of Brabant joined the Crusade of Henry VI as one of the leaders. In October of the same year he took part in the recapture of Beirut and, then moved to Jaffa with the crusaders: however, before reaching the city he got news of

728-662: Was one of the four parts of the Duchy of Brabant , the others being the Margraviate of Antwerp , the County of Brussels and the County of Leuven/Louvain . Located in the current-day Netherlands , it acquired its name from the bailiff of 's-Hertogenbosch , who administered the area in the name of the Dukes of Brabant . The Meierij roughly corresponds to the larger province of North Brabant . The capital city of North Brabant and

756-514: Was prosperous in the 15th and first part of the 16th century. In these times many new monumental buildings were built (like the famous gothic style St. Jan's Cathedral of 's-Hertogenbosch), the activities of well-known painter Hieronymus Bosch (also called Jeroen Bosch) and the Latin school of 's-Hertogenbosch. In the Eighty Years' War , times turned bad for the Meierij. The area was literally

784-593: Was thought impossible, the mighty city of 's-Hertogenbosch was captured by the Dutch Protestants in 1629. As 's-Hertogenbosch was the main capital of the Meierij, the Protestants considered the bailiwick as their possession. However the Spanish kings refused to give it up, and thus one of the most difficult times for the city's people started, the so-called "retorsie tijd" in which the population suffered from both Spanish and Dutch oppression. Finally in 1648

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