59-808: Burton Abbey at Burton upon Trent in Staffordshire , England , was founded in the 7th or 9th century by St Modwen or Modwenna. It was refounded in 1003 as a Benedictine abbey by the thegn Wulfric Spott . He was known to have been buried in the abbey cloister in 1010, alongside the grave of his wife. Burton Abbey was mentioned in the Domesday book when it was said to control lands in Mickleover , Appleby Magna in Leicestershire, Winshill and Stapenhill in Staffordshire, Coton in
118-628: A Burton-based brewery and process engineering company established in 1732 by Samuel Briggs. Famous for its manufacturing innovation and craftsmanship across the world, Briggs moved from its works in New Street to Derby Street having taken over its rival Robert Morton DG in 1988. The former site is now occupied by the Octagon Shopping Centre. Established in 1740, Thornewill and Warham was a metal hardware and industrial metalwork manufacturer, later an engineering company that became
177-429: A college for a dean (who had been the last abbot) and four prebendaries . It was again dissolved in 1545 and granted to Sir William Paget . Parts of the abbey church were retained for parish use, however these were demolished and replaced by a new church, St Modwen's in 1719-28. Some fragments remain of the chapter house nearby but little of the rest remains either. Two buildings were converted to residential use -
236-645: A growth in native breweries, supplemented by outside brewing companies moving into the town, so that over 30 breweries were recorded in 1880. However at the beginning of the 20th century there was a slump in beer sales, causing many breweries to fail; the industry suffered from the Liberal government 's anti-drinking attitudes. This time no new markets were found and so the number of breweries shrank by closure and consolidation from 20 in 1900 to 8 in 1928. After further mergers and buy-outs, just three main breweries remained by 1980: Bass , Ind Coope and Marston's . Burton
295-503: A non-county borough within Staffordshire, but this was not implemented. Under the Local Government Act 1972 , the town became on 1 April 1974, an unparished area in the new district of East Staffordshire . The town became entirely parished on 1 April 2003, when the parishes of Anglesey , Brizlincote , Burton , Horninglow and Eton , Shobnall , Stapenhill , and Winshill were created. Burton parish itself only covers
354-530: A notable producer of steam engines and railway locomotives. It also constructed two footbridges across the River Trent in Burton. It too was acquired by S. Briggs & Co, in 1929. A market has been held on Thursdays in Burton since a charter was granted to the abbot by King John on 12 April 1200. Burton today has an indoor and an outdoor market, which are owned by East Staffordshire Borough Council. In 2011
413-522: A number of parish councils covering different parts of the urban area. There is a parish called Burton which just covers the central part of the town. Burton is the administrative centre for the borough of East Staffordshire and forms part of the Burton and Uttoxeter constituency . The local Member of Parliament (MP) is the Labour Party 's Jacob Collier , who has represented the constituency since
472-620: A number of well known rock bands appeared at the 76 Club nightclub in Burton, including Dire Straits and the Sex Pistols . Bloodstock Open Air is an annual festival of heavy metal music , which takes place in August and has been held at Catton Hall in Walton-on-Trent , 8 miles south-west of Burton since 2005. Burton Operatic Society is a musical theatre company based in Burton and produces two productions each year. The town
531-679: A part known as the Manor House, and the former infirmary. The infirmary became known as The Abbey, and is now an Inn. In around 1712 George Hayne opened the River Trent Navigation and leased the grounds of Burton Abbey to construct a wharf and other buildings in the precinct. This led to the development of Burton as the major town for brewing and exporting beer. In 1967, contractors working on extensions to Burton Technical College uncovered two underground vaults which were thought to have been used as wine cellars. The larger of
590-418: A significant number of warehouses based in Burton (and nearby Fradley Park ). Notable businesses with distribution centres and warehouses include B&Q , Boots , Hobbycraft , Holland & Barrett , DHL , Waterstones , Clipper and Amazon . The main venue for live theatre and other performing and visual arts is The Brewhouse , which is run by East Staffordshire Council. During the 1970s and 1980s
649-537: A subgroup of the peerage nicknamed the Beerage . Yet an industry that had over 30 participants in 1881 had declined to eight in 1927 and many famous names disappeared from the shelves. In 1827, Burton Cricket Club was formed through the influence of Abraham Bass , son of brewer Michael Bass . Bass was known as the father of Midland cricket and was a member of the Northern Counties team which played against
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#1732790335743708-429: Is about 50 metres above sea level; the village of Winshill and the suburb of Stapenhill rise to 130 m and 100 m respectively. Burton became a centre for the brewing industry due in part to the quality of the local water, which contains a high proportion of dissolved salts, predominantly caused by the gypsum in the surrounding hills. This allowed a greater proportion of hops, a natural preservative, to be included in
767-518: Is at the easternmost border of the county of Staffordshire with Derbyshire, its suburbs and the course of the River Trent forming part of the county boundary. It is also near the south-eastern terminus of the Trent and Mersey Canal . Burton lies within the northern boundary of the National Forest . The town centre is on the western bank of the River Trent in a valley bottom; its average elevation
826-584: Is based in Bridge Street, with six pubs in and around Burton. It produces a number of traditional beers including Bridge Bitter, Stairway to Heaven, Damson Porter and Golden Delicious. Tower Brewery is a microbrewery off Wharf Road. Old Cottage Brewery is based in Hawkins Lane. Its beers include Oak Ale and Halcyon Daze. Black Hole Brewery is based at the Imex Centre. Gates Brewery microbrewery
885-661: Is in Reservoir Road. Burton is also the corporate headquarters of the pub operators Punch Taverns plc and Spirit Pub Company which was brought by Greene King so doesn't have a headquarters there anymore, which were spun out of Bass in 1997. In addition, the White Shield microbrewery remains open alongside the National Brewery Centre (formerly the Bass Museum of Brewing). A by-product of
944-578: Is still an important part of its economy. The town is currently home to eight breweries; Coors Brewers Ltd : formerly Bass Brewers Ltd, and now the UK arm of Molson Coors Brewing Company – which produces Carling and Worthington Bitter ; Marston's , Thompson and Evershed plc, bought by Wolverhampton & Dudley Breweries now renamed Marstons plc . The Marston's Brewery produces its own brands, draught Marston's Pedigree, draught Hobgoblin and also draught Bass under licence from InBev . Burton Bridge Brewery
1003-488: Is the principal shopping area, opened in 1970 by the Princess Alexandra but since considerably upgraded with a roof being added in the mid-1990s. The older Riverside Shopping Centre (known as Bargates) is now demolished. An additional shopping centre is The Octagon Shopping Centre on New Street, constructed in the mid-1980s. There is another, much smaller shopping centre, Burton Place Shopping Centre , which
1062-561: Is used for the post town by Royal Mail and for the town's railway station . Rykneld Street , a Roman road, ran north-east through what later became the parish of Burton, linking settlements at Letocetum ( Wall ), near Lichfield and Derventio (Little Chester) near Derby . Between 666 and 669 Wilfrid , the pro-Roman bishop of York, exercised episcopal functions in Mercia , whose Christian king, Wulfhere , gave him land in various places, on which he established monasteries . Burton
1121-409: The 2001 Census . Stapenhill and Winshill were treated separately and together had a further population of 21,985 according to this source. According to the 2001 census, In the 2021 Census, the population of Burton was recorded at 76,270. The town's ethnicity composition was recorded at: The town's religious composition was recorded at: For centuries brewing was Burton's major trade, and it
1180-532: The 2024 general election , winning the seat from Kate Kniveton of the Conservative Party . Burton upon Trent was an ancient parish , which historically straddled the boundary between Staffordshire and Derbyshire . The parish was divided into five townships , being Winshill in Derbyshire, and Branston , Horninglow , Stretton and a Burton upon Trent township (covering the central part of
1239-553: The ITV Central (West) region, again based in Birmingham. The suburbs of Winshill, Brizlincote and Stapenhill to the southeast of the town lie along a green-belt area, in place to stop uncontrolled development which could cause Burton to, in time, merge with neighbouring Swadlincote . The majority of this green belt lies in Derbyshire, with small tracts within Staffordshire. The town had an estimated population of 43,784 in
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#17327903357431298-460: The Local Government Act 1894 said that parishes could no longer straddle borough boundaries, and so the parts of Stapenhill parish outside the borough were transferred to the neighbouring parishes of Bretby and Drakelow , the rural parts of Winshill went to Newton Solney , the rural part of Horninglow became a new parish called Outwoods and the parts of Branston inside the borough were transferred to Burton Extra. The five urban parishes inside
1357-521: The Manor House and the former Infirmary . The Infirmary became known as The Abbey and is now an inn. The Paget family's lands and title were restored to them by James I in 1604 and they owned considerable estates around Burton for over 150 years. In 1699, William Lord Paget obtained an Act of Parliament to extend navigation on the River Trent from Nottingham up to Burton, but nothing
1416-410: The 1520s. Despite this, the monastery was nevertheless the most important in Staffordshire and by the 1530s had the highest revenue. The abbot was both a secular lord and, "exercised an independent spiritual jurisdiction. He was a figure of some standing, regularly serving on papal and royal commissions and acting as a collector of clerical taxes within the diocese." At various times between 1295 and 1322,
1475-625: The Elms , Ca(u)ldwell (in Stapenhill Parish) and Ticknall , all then in Derbyshire . The monastery was the most important in Staffordshire and by the 1530s had the highest revenue. It is known that there were frequent Royal visits to the abbey, including those by William I , Henry II and Edward I . In the 12th and 13th centuries, streets were laid out off the west side of High Street, the earliest being New Street, which stretched from
1534-559: The Elms , Caldwell and Ticknall . The abbey itself was neither large nor wealthy and in 1310 its monks claimed it to be the smallest and poorest Benedictine monastery in England. It suffered frequent financial troubles throughout its existence, often due to mismanagement and outright criminal behaviour, although the situation seems to have been resolved by the 16th century. In the 13th to 14th centuries there were around thirty monks in residence. This had fallen to almost half that number by
1593-641: The M.C.C. at Burton in 1841. In the heyday of brewing in Burton, many brewery companies had their own cricket teams. The Brewery Cup was established around 1894 by the Burton Breweries Cricket Association. A legacy of the era remains in the two cricket grounds that have been used by Derbyshire County Cricket Club - the Bass Worthington Ground and the Ind Coope Ground . First class cricketers from
1652-518: The Town Hall. Eatough's (sometimes Etough's) was a shoemaking firm from Leicestershire that opened a factory in Burton Road, Branston in 1920. It was the first British shoe factory to introduce music in the workplace (1936), and washable children's sandals ('Plastisha' 1957), but it closed in 1989 as a result of competition from cheap imports. Briggs of Burton (formerly S. Briggs & Co.) is
1711-604: The Trent was in poor repair by the early 16th century, it served as "a comen passage to and fro many countries to the grett releff and comfort of travellyng people", according to the abbot . The bridge was the site of two battles, first in 1322 when Edward II defeated the rebel Earl of Lancaster and also in 1643 when the Royalists captured the town during the First English Civil War . Under Henry VIII
1770-672: The abbey gates towards the line of Ryknild Street . Horninglow Street at the north end of High Street was part of a major east–west route using the bridge over the river. A royal charter was granted on 12 April 1200 by King John to the Abbot to hold a market in Burton every Thursday. This charter was later renewed by King Henry III and King Edward IV . There were four annual fairs for trade in horses, cattle and produce: on Candlemas Day , 5 April, Holy Thursday , and 29 October (the feast of St Modwen) although as in other British towns this practice has died out. While Burton's great bridge over
1829-399: The abbey was dissolved in 1539, to be refounded in 1541 as a collegiate church for a dean (who had been the last abbot) and four prebendaries . It was again dissolved in 1545 and granted to Sir William Paget . Paget began planning to expand the Manor House within the abbey precincts, known to have existed since at least 1514, into a grand mansion. To provide the materials for this project,
Burton Abbey - Misplaced Pages Continue
1888-515: The abbot was summoned to attend the Parliament of England , and again in 1532. It is also known that there were frequent Royal visits to the abbey, including those by William I , Henry II and Edward I . The Abbey's annals are an important source for thirteenth century political history, and the Abbey's major intellectual achievement. The abbey was dissolved in 1539, to be refounded in 1541 as
1947-633: The area in the early 12th century. In 1003 a Benedictine abbey was established on a new site on the west bank of the Trent at Burton by Wulfric Spott , a thegn . He is known to have been buried in the abbey cloister in 1010, alongside his wife. Burton Abbey was mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086, where it was said to control lands in Appleby Magna in Leicestershire , and Mickleover , Winshill , Stapenhill , Coton in
2006-690: The beer, thereby allowing the beer to be shipped further afield. Much of the open land within and around the town is protected from chemical treatment to help preserve this water quality. There is some confusion as to whether Burton is in the West Midlands or the East Midlands , even though the entire urban centre is southwest of the River Dove , which forms the Derbyshire/Staffordshire boundary. Being in Staffordshire,
2065-533: The border with Derbyshire . At the 2021 census , it had a population of 76,270. The demonym for residents of the town is Burtonian . Burton is located on the River Trent 11 miles (18 km) south-west of Derby and 20 miles (32 km) south of the Peak District National Park . Burton is known for its brewing . The town grew up around Burton Abbey . Burton Bridge was also the site of two battles, in 1322 , when Edward II defeated
2124-403: The borough were then Burton upon Trent, Burton Extra, Horninglow, Stapenhill and Winshill, which were amalgamated into a single Burton upon Trent parish in 1904. In 1891 the council was given the former St Paul's Institute and Liberal Club on King Edward Place, which had been built in 1878. They substantially extended the building to serve as their headquarters, renaming it Town Hall . Burton
2183-508: The brewing industry is the Marmite factory in the town. The original Marmite factory (now demolished) was at the corner of Cross Street and Duke Street before they moved to the current factory on Wellington Road in the 1960s. The production of Marmite has in turn generated the production of Bovril . Both are owned by multinational company Unilever . Burton is also home to CAMRA 's National Breweriana Auction that takes place each October in
2242-400: The council contracted out responsibility for market stall rentals to private letting agency Quarterbridge. The Market Hall was built in 1883 from designs by Dixon & Moxon of Barnsley and opens from Tuesday to Saturday. A fish market was added to the hall in 1925. The outdoor market is held every Thursday, Friday and Saturday from 8.30am until 4pm. The Coopers Square shopping centre
2301-517: The development of the trade of Burton India Pale Ale (an ale specially brewed to keep during the long sea voyage to India ). New rail links to Liverpool enabled brewers to export their beer throughout the British Empire . Burton came to dominate the brewing trade, and at its height one quarter of all beer sold in Britain was produced here. In the second half of the 19th century there was
2360-526: The large number of chain stores in the town centre. Since then events such as a French market have been organised to bring more footfall into the town centre. Media services include the Burton Mail , BBC Radio Derby , and Capital Mid-Counties . Due to Burton's relative location in the centre of England and its transport links which allow easy access to Birmingham (the second largest UK city), Derby, Nottingham, Leicester and other locations, there are
2419-404: The old abbey buildings were to be cannibalised. There were major alterations to the house over the next three centuries. Sir William died in 1563. In 1585 it was suggested that Mary, Queen of Scots might stay at Burton while Tutbury Castle was cleaned, but it was said that it was "a ruinous house, the buildings scattered and adjoining a very poor town, full of bad neighbours". The Paget family
Burton Abbey - Misplaced Pages Continue
2478-439: The parish) in Staffordshire. The rural parts of the Burton township became a separate township called Burton Extra in the sixteenth century. Such townships were all reclassified as civil parishes in 1866. Burton had been an ancient borough from the twelfth century, giving some degree of self-government for the town, but by the seventeenth century its borough corporation had ceased to operate and its borough status lapsed, with
2537-508: The rebel Earl of Lancaster and in 1643 when royalists captured the town during the First English Civil War . William Lord Paget and his descendants were responsible for extending the manor house within the abbey grounds and facilitating the extension of the River Trent Navigation to Burton. Burton grew into a busy market town by the early modern period. The town is served by Burton-on-Trent railway station . The town
2596-439: The town being administered by the parish vestry and manorial courts instead. More urban forms of local government returned to the town in 1779 when a body of improvement commissioners was established, initially just covering the Burton township. Their district was extended in 1853 to take in parts of the townships of Burton Extra and Horninglow, and again in 1878 to take in the rest of Burton Extra, more of Horninglow (including
2655-422: The town centre, with the other parishes covering various suburbs. The urban area now also extends into the adjoining parishes of Branston, Outwoods and Stretton, which had all been outside the pre-1974 county borough. Burton is about 109 miles (175 km) north west of London , about 30 miles north east of Birmingham , the UK's second largest city and about 23 miles east of the county town Stafford . It
2714-664: The town in the 1870s. Other brewers existing in 1880 included: A further three brewers are listed in 1898: When the town was incorporated as a borough in 1878, the brewers Henry Wardle , John Yeomans, and Sydney Evershed were chosen as aldermen at the first council meeting; other brewers were co-opted, and William Henry Worthington chosen as mayor. Brewers were prominent in Parliament, with Bass , Ratcliff , Gretton and Evershed representing Burton , and Gretton and Wardle representing South Derbyshire . Many brewers were ennobled, including Allsopp , Bass and Gretton, creating
2773-737: The town officially lies within the West Midlands region. Several factors contribute to the ambiguity of the town's status. The local vernacular shares more similarities with East Midlands English than West Midlands English ; the town was formerly within the East Midlands Utility (electricity/gas) areas and has Derby postcodes (DE13-DE15). However, it is served by the BBC Midlands (West Midlands) region based in Birmingham and before consolidation exercises formed part of
2832-635: The town: two plays, a musical and a youth production. Brewers of Burton Burton upon Trent has a long history of brewing , at one time exporting beer throughout the world and accounting for a quarter of UK beer production; emulation of Burton water in brewing is called Burtonisation . Much of the town was given over to the industry throughout the 19th century and brewers dominated it politically and socially. Some brewers had more than one brewery and brewery buildings sometimes changed hands. In addition to companies started from scratch, there were also pre-existing brewers from outside Burton who moved into
2891-403: The two chambers was later used to house a student union disco aptly named The Vault 52°48′02″N 1°37′45″W / 52.8005°N 1.6291°W / 52.8005; -1.6291 Burton upon Trent Burton upon Trent , also known as Burton-on-Trent or simply Burton , is a market town in the borough of East Staffordshire in the county of Staffordshire , England, close to
2950-469: The village), parts of Branston and Winshill, and part of the neighbouring Derbyshire parish of Stapenhill . Later in 1878 the improvement commissioners' district was incorporated as a municipal borough called Burton upon Trent. When elected county councils were created in 1889 boroughs were no longer allowed to straddle county boundaries, and so the Derbyshire parts of the borough (Stapenhill and Winshill) were transferred to Staffordshire. Six years later
3009-574: Was almost certainly one of the sites: the name Andresey given to an island in the river Trent near the parish church means "Andrew's isle" and refers to a church there dedicated to St Andrew . The island is associated with the legend of St Modwen or Modwenna, an Irish abbess. It is likely that any surviving religious house would have been destroyed during the Danish incursion into the area in 874. Place names indicate Scandinavian influence, and several personal names of Scandinavian origin were still used in
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#17327903357433068-592: Was also home to the Burton School of Speech and Drama on Guild Street where many professional and amateur actors and actresses learned their craft. Following the closure of the school in July 1984, its in-house amateur company, the Little Theatre Players, continued life as an independent amateur drama company called The Little Theatre Company. LTC currently stages at least four productions a year in
3127-416: Was also the start and terminus of the now defunct South Staffordshire Line which linked it to Lichfield, Walsall , Dudley and Stourbridge . The name Burton upon Trent derives from the meaning "a settlement at a fortified place" along the River Trent and dates from the 8th century. According to the town's charter the official name of the town is Burton upon Trent. However, the form 'Burton-on-Trent'
3186-465: Was being sold in 1712. A number of breweries opened in the second half of the 18th century. The Napoleonic blockade badly affected overseas trade, leading to some consolidation and a redirection of the trade to London and Lancashire via canals. When Burton brewers succeeded in replicating the pale ale produced in London, the advantage of the water's qualities, in a process named Burtonisation allowed
3245-493: Was built in 1986 and originally known as Worthington Walk. Also located in the town centre is Middleway Retail Park , which includes a Cineworld multiplex cinema, Mecca Bingo , Matalan and restaurants, including Bella Italia and Nando's . In 2005 a report by the New Economics Foundation rated Burton at 13.3 out of 60 for "individuality", putting it in the top ten clone towns in England, because of
3304-430: Was elevated to become a county borough in 1901, making it independent from Staffordshire County Council, having reached the 50,000 population required. It never substantially exceeded the population of 50,000, and with a population of 50,201 in the 1971 census it was the second smallest county borough in England after Canterbury . The Local Government Commission for England recommended in the 1960s that it be demoted to
3363-579: Was home to the Peel family, who played a significant role in the Industrial Revolution . The family home is still visible in the town as Peel House on Lichfield Street. Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II visited the town on 3 July 2002 during her Golden Jubilee celebrations. There are three tiers of local government covering Burton, at county , district and parish level: Staffordshire County Council , East Staffordshire Borough Council , and
3422-478: Was immediately done. In 1711 Lord Paget leased his rights to George Hayne , who in 1712 opened the River Trent Navigation and constructed a wharf and other buildings in the precinct of the old abbey. This led to the development of Burton as the major town for brewing and exporting beer , as it allowed Burton beer to be shipped to Hull , and on to the Baltic Sea and Prussia , as well as to London , where it
3481-535: Was implicated in Catholic plots against Queen Elizabeth I , the manor house along with most of the family estates were confiscated, with the Manor House leased to Richard Almond in 1612. Parts of the abbey church may have been retained for parish use, however these were demolished and replaced by a new church in 1719–1726. Some fragments remain of the chapter house nearby, but little of the rest remains. Two buildings were converted to residential use—a part known as
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