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123-497: C2E2 was held for the first time April 16–18, 2010, with an estimated attendance between 20,000 and 30,000 attendees. The convention included dozens of professional and amateur comic book artists, and prominently featured booths from the biggest comic book publishers. The convention also featured a special auction with the actual props from the original Iron Man movie. The second C2E2 was held March 18–20, 2011 and included Thor actor Chris Hemsworth . Other guests included Buffy

246-454: A Dota 2 tournament with the largest prize pool in eSport history, was primarily streamed through Twitch, having a peak of over five million concurrent viewers. Within recent years there has been a large influx in viewership and investment into sports live streaming. Digital streaming across Prime Video, NFL Digital, Fox Sports Digital, and Verizon Media Mobile properties in 2019 surpassed an average audience of over 1 million – up 43% versus

369-424: A bomb threat and named streamer Ice Poseidon as the culprit, temporarily shutting down the airport. They may also be victim to stalking as with other celebrities; for example, a teenager showed up uninvited to a streamer's house and requested to live with him after having saved up for a one-way transcontinental flight. A Taiwan-based American streamer fell victim to a doxing and targeted harassment campaign by

492-488: A Jericho missile for the group, but he and Yinsen believe that Raza will not keep his word. Stark and Yinsen secretly build a small, powerful electric generator called an arc reactor to power Stark's electromagnet and construct a prototype armored suit to aid in their escape. Although they keep the suit hidden, the Ten Rings discover their intentions and attack the workshop. Yinsen sacrifices himself to divert them while

615-519: A Taiwanese streamer, coordinated through a private Facebook group with 17,000 members "whose activities involved tracking [his] whereabouts," death threats and "the distribution of his parents’ U.S. phone number and address". Twitch responded by temporarily suspending the harassed streamer. Live content streaming has been the topic of numerous papers examining ways to cultivate online communities through live interaction and increase attendance numbers with engaging content. The livestreaming platform Twitch

738-556: A draft of the ending on November 4, 2007, a day before the strike began. Given no further rewrites could occur because of the strike and Bridges unable to participate in shooting new material, ILM worked with as much previously-shot footage as possible to rework the film's ending. Composer Ramin Djawadi had been a fan of the character Iron Man as a child, saying that he always liked superheroes "that actually don't have any superpowers". After Favreau's previous collaborator John Debney

861-534: A fan of the character, to direct, and in December 2002, McCanlies had turned in a completed script. New Line took a "unique" approach to writing the film's script, hiring David Hayter , David S. Goyer , and Mark Protosevich to "sit in a room and simply talk on camera about Iron Man for a few days". After this, Hayter was hired in 2004 to write a script. He reworked scripts that had been written by Jeff Vintar and Alfred Gough and Miles Millar , which had included

984-422: A fan of the comic, because he felt the actor's past made him an appropriate choice for the part, explaining "The best and worst moments of Robert's life have been in the public eye. He had to find an inner balance to overcome obstacles that went far beyond his career. That's Tony Stark." Favreau faced opposition from Marvel Entertainment executives in casting Downey, but would not take no for an answer, saying, "It

1107-432: A forward attack. It also foreshadows the design of Stane's armor. A single 41-kilogram (90 lb) version was built, causing concern when a stuntman fell over inside it, though both the stuntman and the suit were unscathed. The armor was also designed to have only its top half worn at times. Stan Winston Studios built a 3.0-metre (10 ft), 360-kilogram (800 lb) animatronic version of Iron Monger (Obadiah Stane),

1230-408: A maximum of 9 users. Bigo TV, launched in 2016 by Bigo TV Technology, has rapidly become the fastest-growing platform with over 400 million users across 150 countries. YY, Bigo TV’s parent company, invested $ 2.1 billion to acquire Bigo TV. In March 2015, Twitter launched a livestreaming app called Periscope . Normally, users would see a hyperlink attached to their broadcast, directing people to

1353-428: A name which Obadiah Stane calls Tony Stark and himself earlier in the film as a reference, but is never actually used for the suit itself in the film. The animatronic required five operators for the arm, and was built on a gimbal to simulate walking. A scale model was used for the shots of it being built. The Mark II resembles an airplane prototype, with visible flaps. Iron Man comic book artist Adi Granov designed

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1476-459: A new tab. Using Periscope, videos appear live on the timeline. If the user has allowed the site to share information, others can see where the user is streaming from. During the broadcast, users can comment, talk to the broadcaster, or ask questions. Kayvon Beykpour, CEO of Periscope, and Dick Costolo and Jack Dorsey , former CEOs of Twitter, all shared a common goal—to invent something that would merge both teams into one instead of as partners. It

1599-427: A newcomer to action films, remarked, "I'm shocked that I [was] on schedule. I thought that there were going to be many curveballs". He hired "people who are good at creating action", so "the human story [felt] like it belongs to the comic book genre". There was much improvisation in dialogue scenes, because the script was not completed when filming began (the filmmakers had focused on the story making sense and planning

1722-742: A notable livestreamed event is Games Done Quick , a charity speedrunning marathon hosted on Twitch. Viewers are encouraged to donate for incentives during the stream such as naming characters in a run, having the runners attempt more difficult challenges, or winning prizes. Over $ 10 million has been raised across sixteen marathons. Professional streamers can generate livable revenue from viewer subscriptions and donations, as well as platform advertisements and sponsorships from eSports organizations, often earning much more from streaming than from tournament winnings. The audiences of professional gaming tournaments are primarily livestream viewers in addition to live audiences inside venues. The International 2017 ,

1845-456: A party; Peter Billingsley as William Ginter Riva , a scientist who works for Stane; Tom Morello , who provided guitar music for the film, as a terrorist guard; and Jim Cramer as himself. Ghostface Killah , who often adopted Iron Man's name as an alias, had a cameo in a scene where Stark stays in Dubai , but the scene was cut for pacing reasons. In April 1990, Universal Pictures bought

1968-420: A second sequel on May 3, 2013, with Favreau opting to direct Magic Kingdom instead, but still reprising his role as Happy Hogan. Downey, Paltrow, and Cheadle also return, while Shane Black took over directing, from a screenplay by Drew Pearce . Guy Pearce also starred as Aldrich Killian , and Ben Kingsley as Trevor Slattery. Live-streamed Livestreaming , live-streaming , or live streaming

2091-448: A sleeker, more powerful version of his improvised armor suit as well as a more powerful arc reactor for it and his chest after testing a prototype. Personal assistant Pepper Potts places the original reactor inside a small glass showcase. Though Stane requests details, a suspicious Stark decides to keep his work to himself. At a charity event, reporter Christine Everhart informs Stark that his company's weapons were recently delivered to

2214-554: A sock being used to make tea. Afterwards, Stark's capture was filmed at Lone Pine , and other exterior scenes in Afghanistan were filmed at Olancha Sand Dunes, where the crew endured two days of 40-to-60-mile-per-hour (64–97 km/h) winds. Filming at Edwards Air Force Base began in mid-April, and ended on May 2. In return for production assistance, the United States Department of Defense consulted on

2337-422: A specific website, they may find live media streams relevant to them. Live media can include coverage of various events such as concerts or live news coverage viewed using a web browser or apps such as Snapchat . James Harden and Trolli promoted an upcoming NBA All-Star Game through Snapchat. Many of LaBeouf, Rönkkö & Turner 's performance art were livestreamed, such as a stream of Shia LaBeouf in

2460-480: A sprinkle of anti-war and redemption themes". Among major metropolitan weeklies, David Edelstein of New York magazine called the film "a shapely piece of mythmaking ... Favreau doesn't go in for stylized comic-book frames, at least in the first half. He gets real with it – you'd think you were watching a military thriller", while conversely, David Denby of The New Yorker gave a negative review, claiming "a slightly depressed, going-through-the-motions feel to

2583-474: A story for Fox, which Vintar adapted into a screenplay. It included a new science-fiction origin for the character, and featured MODOK as the villain. Tom Rothman , President of Production at Fox, credited the screenplay with finally making him understand the character. In May 1999, Jeffrey Caine was hired to rewrite Vintar and Lee's script. That October, Quentin Tarantino was approached to write and direct

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2706-657: A superhero film. Iron Man was also the number one film in the United States and Canada in its second weekend, grossing $ 51.2 million, giving it the twelfth-best second weekend and the fifth-best for a non-sequel. On June 19, 2008, Iron Man became that year's first film to pass the $ 300 million mark for the domestic box office. The review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reported an approval rating of 94%, with an average score of 7.7/10, based on 282 reviews. The website's critical consensus reads, "Powered by Robert Downey Jr.'s vibrant charm, Iron Man turbo-charges

2829-514: A superhero movie that's good in unusual ways." Among the specialty press, Garth Franklin of Dark Horizons commended the "impressive sets and mechanics that combine smoothly with relatively seamless CG", and said, "Robert Downey Jr., along with director Jon Favreau ... help this rise above formula. The result is something that, whilst hardly original or groundbreaking, is nevertheless refreshing in its earnestness to avoid dark dramatic stylings in favor of an easy-going, crowd-pleasing action movie with

2952-519: A theater viewing all his movies. However, live stream commerce today enables sellers to showcase products through streamers, mimicking in-store sales tactics to encourage customer purchases. Merritt and Zhao mention that Chinese 'live stream-based retailing’ has supported the economic growth of China and projected that about GBP 98 billion were generated from e-commerce live streaming in China. The McKinsey report also demonstrates that live stream commerce

3075-708: A viewer may stay to watch a stream. The most common metric is the " average minute audience " (AMA), which is obtained by taking the total minutes watched by all viewers on the stream during the streamed event and for 24 hours afterwards, divided by the number of minutes that were broadcast. The AMA is comparable to the same metric that the Nielsen ratings for tracking viewership. This also makes it possible to combine standard broadcast and streaming routes for events that are simulcasted on both forms of delivery to estimate total audience size Major events with reported AMA include streamed National Football League games; for example,

3198-407: A wide array of topics including original comedy, drama, and news programming. Facebook Live allows Facebook users to include their own "reactions" when someone is broadcasting. One of the reasons that Facebook Watch is so successful is because the content is recommended to users based on algorithms that determine what the user would most like to watch. YouTube was purchased by Google in 2006, and

3321-422: Is a live video streaming service supported by online betting Stake.com along with streaming personality Trainwreckstv . Launched in 2022 as a Amazon -owned Twitch alternative, Kick emerged after Stake.com and other gambling sites were restricted on Twitch. Kick offers a 95% revenue share to streamers and 5% to the platform. Although Kick is not officially linked to Stake.com co-founders, records show they are

3444-451: Is a livestreaming video platform owned by Twitch Interactive, a subsidiary of Amazon . Introduced in June 2011 as a spin-off of the general-interest streaming platform, Justin.tv , the site primarily focuses on video game livestreaming , including broadcasts of eSports competitions, in addition to music broadcasts, creative content, and more recently, " in real life " streams. Content on

3567-558: Is an accepted version of this page Iron Man is a 2008 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Paramount Pictures , it is the first film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). Directed by Jon Favreau from a screenplay by the writing teams of Mark Fergus and Hawk Ostby , and Art Marcum and Matt Holloway ,

3690-618: Is expanding in China, the sales from live stream commerce were expected to achieve $ 423 billion by 2022, and the US live streaming industry was also expected to reach $ 25 billion by 2023. Facebook introduced a video streaming service, Facebook Watch to select individuals in August 2017, and to the public in January 2018. Facebook watch is a video-on-demand service that allows users to share content live. It allows people to upload videos that cover

3813-448: Is imprisoned was a 150-to-200-yard (140–180 m) long set, which had movable forks in the caverns to allow greater freedom for the film's crew. Production designer J. Michael Riva saw footage of a Taliban fighter in Afghanistan, and saw the cold breath as he spoke: realizing remote caves are actually very cold, Riva placed an air conditioning system in the set. He also sought Downey's advice about makeshift objects in prison, such as

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3936-472: Is often credited with bringing this concept to the mainstream. He founded Justin.tv , a website initially focused solely on broadcasting his own life 24/7. This lifecasting platform eventually evolved, serving as the foundation for a new style of online sharing and paving the way for more diverse content. In its early days, Justin.tv was an experimental space where Kan himself was the main focus, capturing everything from his workdays to social interactions. This

4059-490: Is outmatched without his new reactor to run his suit at full capacity. The fight carries Stark and Stane to the top of the Stark Industries building, where Stark instructs Potts to overload the large arc reactor powering the building. This unleashes a massive electrical surge that causes Stane to fall into the reactor and he is killed in the explosion. The next day, at a press conference, Stark publicly admits to being

4182-572: Is the streaming of video or audio in real time or near real time . While often referred to simply as streaming , the real time nature of livestreaming differentiates it from other non- live broadcast forms of streamed media such as video-on-demand , vlogs and video-sharing platforms such as YouTube . Livestreaming services encompass a wide variety of topics, including social media , video games , professional sports , and lifecasting . Platforms such as Facebook Live , Periscope , Kuaishou , Douyu , bilibili , YouTube , and 17 include

4305-428: Is the star. The success of X-Men and Spider-Man without being star-driven pieces reassures [executives] that the film does have an upside commercially." Those considered for the role included Jim Caviezel , Timothy Olyphant , and Sam Rockwell . Rockwell was approached and was interested, but Favreau then met with Robert Downey Jr. , who he was convinced was the right actor for the role. Favreau chose Downey,

4428-558: The 100 Greatest Fictional Characters , Fandomania.com ranked him at number 37. The Library of Congress selected Iron Man to be added to the National Film Registry in 2022, deeming it "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant". Responding to the selection, Feige stated its inclusion on the Film Registry meant the film "has stood the test of time and that it is still meaningful to audiences around

4551-648: The COVID-19 pandemic. The 2021 edition was originally planned to be held March 26-28, however, it was postponed to December 10-12 due to the pandemic. C2E2 has panels by the comics and anime industry, entertainment guests, and attendees, along with special screenings of shows and live recordings of podcasts. Since 2013, C2E2 and We Are Cosplay organize a march in the Chicago St. Patrick's Day Parade with cosplayers. C2E2 Crown Championships of Cosplay, claimed to be "the largest and most prestigious cosplay competition in

4674-666: The Christchurch mosque shootings was streamed on Facebook Live by the perpetrator for 17 minutes. Additionally, livestreaming to large audiences carries the risk that viewers may commit crimes both remotely and in person. Twitch co-founder Justin Kan had been a frequent target of swatting . An incident occurred in April 2017 at the Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport when a viewer called in

4797-472: The Ultimate Marvel comics imprint. However, according to Latchman, Jackson originally appeared without any deal for him to reappear in later films: "It was just this weird idea that maybe people give a shi-- if we stick it on the end". The dialogue for the scene was also changed on set, with comic writer Brian Michael Bendis providing three pages of dialogue for the part, and the filmmakers choosing

4920-562: The Vietnam War origin of the character to Afghanistan, as he did not want to do a period piece . Art Marcum & Matt Holloway were hired to write the script, while Mark Fergus & Hawk Ostby wrote another version, with Favreau compiling both teams' scripts, and John August then "polishing" the combined version. Comic book staff Mark Millar , Brian Michael Bendis , Joe Quesada , Tom Brevoort , Axel Alonso , and Ralph Macchio were also called upon by Favreau to give advice on

5043-532: The X-Men , but this was cut due to Sony Pictures and 20th Century Fox holding the respective film rights to Spider-Man and the X-Men at the time. Favreau's main concern with the film's effects was whether the transition between the computer-generated and practical costumes would be too obvious. He hired Industrial Light & Magic (ILM) to create the bulk of the visual effects for the film after seeing Pirates of

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5166-483: The eighth-highest grossing film of 2008 , and received praise from critics, especially for Downey's performance as well as Favreau's direction, the visual effects, action sequences, and writing. The American Film Institute selected it as one of the ten best films of 2008. It received two nominations at the 81st Academy Awards for Best Sound Editing and Best Visual Effects . In 2022, the Library of Congress selected

5289-542: The 2021 Wild Card Playoff Game and beyond. These broadcasts featured Nickelodeon's signature cartoons and commentary from stars Gabrielle Green and Lex Lumpkin. Despite the growth of live streaming for sports, there are concerns about unauthorised live streaming and piracy of sports content. In January 2021 alone it was said that humans made 362.7 million visits to sports piracy websites. These concerns are exacerbated when studies show over 54% of millennials have watched pirate sports live streams. This has created issues over

5412-467: The CG Iron Man. When editor Dan Lebental started compiling an initial edit of the film in late 2007, it was quickly realized that the final act of the film was not working, as it was "basically two robots punching each other". They tried shortening the sequence, which did not help as it became "both emotionally unsatisfying and abruptly anticlimactic". Marvel rehired Marcum and Holloway, as all of

5535-544: The Caribbean: At World's End and Transformers . The Orphanage and The Embassy did additional work, with the latter creating a digital version of the Mark I armor. To help with animating the more refined suits, information was sometimes captured by having Downey wear only the helmet, sleeves and chest of the costume over a motion capture suit, and skydivers were filmed in a vertical wind tunnel to study

5658-561: The Machine guitarist Tom Morello , who also makes a cameo appearance in the film, contributed guitar performances to the score. The film also features a big band -style arrangement of the Iron Man theme song from the 1966 cartoon The Marvel Super Heroes from frequent Favreau collaborators John O'Brien and Rick Boston . A soundtrack featuring Djawadi's score was released by Lions Gate Records on April 29, 2008. In July 2006, with

5781-551: The Mark III with illustrator Phil Saunders. Granov's designs were the primary inspiration for the film's, and he came on board the film after he recognized his work on Jon Favreau's MySpace page. Saunders streamlined Granov's concept art, making it stealthier and less cartoonish in its proportions, and also designed the War Machine armor, but it was "cut from the script about halfway through pre-production." He explained that

5904-472: The Rings actor Sean Astin, and most of the cast of Orphan Black . C2E2 2016 was held March 18–20, 2016. Some of the spotlight entertainment guests included Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. actors Chloe Bennet and J. August Richards , Supergirl actresses Melissa Benoist and Chyler Leigh , and Sons of Anarchy actors Ryan Hurst and Tommy Flanagan . The 2020 C2E2 was held Feb. 28 to March 1, just before

6027-489: The Ten Rings and are being used to attack Yinsen's home village. Stark dons his new armor and flies to Afghanistan, where he fends off the terrorists and saves the villagers. While flying home, Stark is intercepted by the Air Force . He reveals his secret identity to Rhodes over the phone to end the attack. Meanwhile, the Ten Rings gather the pieces of Stark's prototype suit and meet with Stane, who has been trafficking arms to

6150-410: The Ten Rings and has staged a coup to replace Stark as Stark Industries' CEO by hiring the Ten Rings to kill him. He subdues Raza and has him and the rest of the group killed. Stane has a massive new armor suit reverse-engineered from the wreckage. Seeking to track his company's illegal shipments, Stark sends Potts to hack into its database. She discovers that Stane hired the Ten Rings to kill Stark, but

6273-435: The United States, and LG Group also made a sponsorship deal with Paramount. Worldwide, Burger King and Audi promoted the film. Jon Favreau was set to direct a commercial for the fast-food chain, as Michael Bay did for Transformers . In the film, Tony Stark drives an Audi R8 , and also has an "American cheeseburger" from Burger King after his rescue from Afghanistan, as part of the studio's product placement deal with

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6396-508: The Vampire Slayer and Dollhouse actress Eliza Dushku , The Walking Dead actors Laurie Holden and Jon Bernthal , and Supernatural actor Mark Sheppard . The third C2E2 was held April 13–15, 2012, and 41,000 attendees were reported. It included Doctor Who and Torchwood actor John Barrowman , Lord of the Rings actor Sean Astin , and The Walking Dead actors Steven Yeun and Lauren Cohan . The fourth C2E2

6519-532: The War Machine armor "was going to be called the Mark IV armor and would have had weaponized swap-out parts that would be worn over the original Mark III armor," and that it "would have been worn by Tony Stark in the final battle sequence." Production was based in the former Hughes Company soundstages in Playa Vista, Los Angeles, California . Howard Hughes was one of the inspirations for the comic book, and

6642-459: The action). Favreau felt that improvisation would make the film feel more natural. Some scenes were shot with two cameras to capture lines said on the spot. Multiple takes were done, as Downey wanted to try something new each time. It was Downey's idea to have Stark hold a news conference on the floor, and he created the speech Stark makes when demonstrating the Jericho weapon. Downey improvised

6765-542: The actors successfully breathe life into their otherwise conventional roles". Roger Ebert and Richard Corliss named Iron Man as among their favorite films of 2008. It was selected by the American Film Institute as one of the ten best films of the year and by Empire magazine as one of The 500 Greatest Movies of All Time . Tony Stark was also selected by Empire as one of The 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time , and on their list of

6888-604: The actors were free to create their own dialogue because pre-production was focused on the story and action. Rubber and metal versions of the armor, created by Stan Winston 's company, were mixed with computer-generated imagery to create the title character. Iron Man premiered in Sydney on April 14, 2008, and was released in the United States on May 2, as the first film in Phase One of the MCU. It grossed over $ 585 million, becoming

7011-486: The announcement, Mixer's parent company, Microsoft, announced a partnership with Facebook gaming, and directed current users to the new platform. Livestreaming playing of video games gained popularity during the 2010s. David M. Ewalt referred to Twitch as "the ESPN of video games". The website spawned from and grew to overshadow Justin.tv, and was purchased by Amazon.com at the end of 2014 for US$ 970 million. As one of

7134-480: The arms are made of and how they work. ... Mandarin was an Indonesian terrorist who masqueraded as a rich playboy who Tony knew. —Alfred Gough on his draft for Nick Cassavetes' and New Line's aborted version By July 2000, the film was being written for New Line Cinema by Ted Elliott , Terry Rossio , and Tim McCanlies . McCanlies' script used the idea of a Nick Fury cameo to set up his own film. In June 2001, New Line Cinema entered talks with Joss Whedon ,

7257-477: The average AMA for NFL games in 2018 ranged from 240,000 to 500,000 across streaming services, with the following Super Bowl LIV having an AMA of 2.6 million. In comparison, the esports Overwatch League had an average of 313,000 average minute audience during regular season games in its 2019 season. Many instances of serious crimes such as rape and assault , along with suicides , have been streamed live, leaving little to no time for administrators to remove

7380-599: The best lines for filming on set. It was filmed with a skeleton crew in order to keep the cameo a secret, but rumors appeared on the Internet only days later. Feige subsequently had the scene removed from all preview prints in order to maintain the surprise and keep fans guessing. An alternate version of the Nick Fury post-credits scene was filmed in which he specifically mentions "gamma accidents, radioactive bug bites and assorted mutants ", referencing Hulk, Spider-Man and

7503-704: The broadcaster and join ongoing conversations. These rooms often include emojis and emotes as additional communication tools. In the field of social media , the term live media refers to new media that use streaming technologies for creating networks of live multimedia shared among people, companies and organizations. Social media marketer Bryan Kramer describes livestreaming as an inexpensive "key marketing and communications tool that helps brands reach their online audience." Users can follow their friends' live video "shares" as well as "shares" related to specific content or items. Live media can be shared through any Internet website or application; thus, when people browse

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7626-486: The entire show ... Gwyneth Paltrow , widening her eyes and palpitating, can't do much with an antique role as Stark's girl Friday , who loves him but can't say so; Terrence Howard, playing a military man who chases around after Stark, looks dispirited and taken for granted". IGN 's Todd Gilchrist recognized Downey as "the best thing" in a film that "functions on autopilot, providing requisite story developments and character details to fill in this default 'origin story' while

7749-582: The fantasy of the Mandarin's rings be appropriate. The decision to push him into the background is comparable to Sauron in The Lord of the Rings , or Palpatine in Star Wars . Favreau also wanted Iron Man to face a giant enemy. The switch from Mandarin to Obadiah Stane was done after Bridges was cast in that role, with Stane originally intended to become a villain in the sequel. The Crimson Dynamo

7872-463: The film on multiple gaming platforms. Downey, Howard and Toub reprise their roles from the film. A 30-second spot for the film aired during a Super Bowl XLII break. Hasbro created figures of armor from the film, as well as Titanium Man (who appears in the video game) and the armor from the World War Hulk comics . The 7-Eleven convenience store chain helped promote the film across

7995-436: The film also directly referenced Sony Pictures ' Spider-Man 2 (2004) by identifying Stark as the creator of Otto Octavius 's bionic arms. In order to build the general public's awareness of Iron Man and elevate him to the same level of popularity as Spider-Man or Hulk , Marvel conducted focus groups , trying to find a way to remove the general perception that the character is a robot. The information Marvel received from

8118-532: The film for preservation in the United States National Film Registry for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant". Two sequels have been released: Iron Man 2 (2010) and Iron Man 3 (2013). Tony Stark , who has inherited the defense contractor Stark Industries from his late father Howard Stark , tours in war-torn Afghanistan with his best friend and military liaison, James Rhodes , to demonstrate

8241-642: The film regarding certain scenes and dialogue depicting the military. This included changing Stark from being opposed to arms deals, to instead becoming one who sells his technology to the U.S. military. Exterior shots of Stark's home were digitally added to footage of Point Dume in Malibu , while the interior was built at Playa Vista, where Favreau and Riva aimed to make Stark's home look less futuristic and more " grease monkey ". Filming concluded on June 25, 2007, at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas, Nevada . Favreau,

8364-529: The film stars Robert Downey Jr. as Tony Stark / Iron Man alongside Terrence Howard , Jeff Bridges , Gwyneth Paltrow , Leslie Bibb , and Shaun Toub . In the film, following his escape from captivity by a terrorist group, world-famous industrialist and master engineer Stark builds a mechanized suit of armor and becomes the superhero Iron Man. A film featuring Iron Man was in development at Universal Pictures , 20th Century Fox , and New Line Cinema at various times since 1990 before Marvel Studios reacquired

8487-455: The film still in pre-production, Favreau and Arad attended San Diego Comic-Con to promote the film, where the film's armor design, drawn by Adi Granov , was revealed along with the announcement that the Mandarin was intended to be the antagonist of the film. The following year, Favreau returned to San Diego Comic-Con to once again promote the film with Downey and Feige, where a teaser trailer

8610-399: The film to be believable by showing the construction of the Iron Man suit in its three stages. Stan Winston , a fan of the comic book, and his company, who Favreau worked with on Zathura , built metal and rubber versions of the armor. The Mark I design was intended to look like it was built from spare parts. The back is less armored than the front, because Stark would use his resources for

8733-435: The film was made available on Disney+ beginning on November 12, 2021. Iron Man earned $ 319 million in the United States and Canada and $ 266.8 million in other territories, for a worldwide gross of $ 585.8 million. In its opening weekend, Iron Man grossed $ 98.6 million in 4,105 theaters in the United States and Canada, ranking first at the box office, giving it the eleventh biggest-opening weekend at

8856-444: The film's final line, " I am Iron Man ", which Feige felt was inline with the character's personality. Bridges described this approach as "a $ 200 million student film", and noted that it caused stress for Marvel executives when the stars were trying to come up with dialogue on the day of filming scenes. He also noted that in some instances, he and Downey would swap characters for rehearsal to see how their own lines sounded. Paltrow

8979-502: The film, while nonetheless finding "disappointment [in] a climatic [ sic ] battle between different Iron Man prototypes ... how did Tony's nemesis learn how to use the suit?" In one of the first major-daily newspaper reviews, Frank Lovece of Newsday lauded the film's "emotional truth ... pitch-perfect casting and plausibly rendered super-science" that made it "faithful to the source material while updating it – and recognizing what's made that material so enduring isn't just

9102-536: The film. Fox sold the rights to New Line Cinema the following December, reasoning that although the Vintar/Lee script was strong, the studio had too many Marvel superheroes in development, and "we can't make them all." We worked with Michael Crichton 's researchers to find a grounded realistic way to deal with the suit. The idea was he needed the suit to stay alive. He's the same guy we used with Spider-Man 2 to come up with Doc Ock 's inhibitor chips and what

9225-592: The filmmakers acknowledged the coincidence that they would film Iron Man creating the flying Mark III where the Hughes H-4 Hercules was built. Favreau rejected the East Coast setting of the comic books because many superhero films had already been set there. Filming began on March 12, 2007, with Matthew Libatique serving as director of photography. The first few weeks of filming were spent on Stark's captivity in Afghanistan. The cave where Stark

9348-456: The first week and generating a gross of over US$ 93 million. There were a total of 9 million copies sold and an accumulated total sales of over $ 160 million (not including Blu-ray). For the home releases of the film, the image on the newspaper Stark reads before he announces he is Iron Man had to be altered because of amateur photographer Ronnie Adams filing a lawsuit against Paramount and Marvel for using his on-location spy photo in

9471-526: The focus groups was used to formulate an awareness-building plan, which included releasing three animated short films ahead of the film's release. The shorts were called "Iron Man Advertorials", and were produced by Tim Miller and Blur Studio . Jon Favreau was hired to direct the film in April 2006, celebrating getting the job by going on a diet, losing 70 pounds (32 kg). Favreau had wanted to work with Marvel producer Avi Arad on another film after they both worked on Daredevil . The director found

9594-428: The future sustainability and protection of legally broadcast streams. With livestreaming becoming a financially viable market, particularly for esports, streamers and organizations representing them have looked for metrics to quantify the viewership of streams as to be able to determine pricing for advertisers. Metrics like maximum number of concurrent viewers, or number of subscribers do not readily account for how long

9717-524: The group reneged when they realized they had a direct route to Stark's weapons. Potts meets with Agent Phil Coulson of S.H.I.E.L.D. , an intelligence agency, to inform him of Stane's activities. Stane's scientists are unable to duplicate Stark's miniaturized arc reactor, so Stane enters Stark’s home and steals the one from his chest. Stark manages to replace it with his original reactor. Potts and several S.H.I.E.L.D. agents attempt to arrest Stane, but he dons his suit and overpowers them. Stark fights Stane but

9840-552: The high-tech cool of a man in a metal suit, but the human condition that got him there". Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film four out of four stars, praising Downey Jr.'s performance and stating, "At the end of the day it's Robert Downey Jr. who powers the lift-off separating this from most other superhero movies". A. O. Scott of The New York Times called the film "an unusually good superhero picture. Or at least – since it certainly has its problems –

9963-500: The leading livestreaming platforms, Twitch now has millions of broadcasters and has nearly two hundred million viewers. Other video-game oriented streaming websites include Smashcast.tv , which was formed after the merging of Azubu and Hitbox.tv , and the South Korea-based afreecaTV . In 2015, YouTube launched YouTube Gaming—a video gaming-oriented sub-site and app that is intended to compete with Twitch. An example of

10086-590: The main shareholders of the company owning the streaming site. Notable streamers like Hikaru Nakamura and Nickmercs , formerly popular on Twitch, joined Kick, contributing to its average of 235,000 live streams per day as of June 2023. Lifestreaming , also known as lifecasting, is the practice of continuously broadcasting various aspects of one's daily life to an online audience. This modern phenomenon allows people to share even mundane events in real-time, giving viewers an intimate look into someone's routine. Justin Kan , an entrepreneur and internet personality,

10209-556: The new "Jericho" missile. After the demonstration, his convoy is ambushed by a terrorist group, the Ten Rings and Stark is gravely wounded by a missile used by the attackers—one of his company's own. He is captured and imprisoned in a cave by the Ten Rings. Yinsen , a fellow captive and doctor, implants an electromagnet into Stark's chest to keep the shrapnel shards that wounded him from reaching his heart and killing him. Ten Rings leader Raza offers Stark freedom in exchange for building

10332-528: The offending content. Livestreamed crimes became a trend in the mid-2010s with widely reported incidents such as assaults and suicide streamed through Periscope in 2016 and the kidnapping of a man in Chicago streamed through Facebook Live in 2017. A mass shooting in Jacksonville, Florida , resulting in the deaths of two in addition to the shooter, occurred during a Madden NFL 19 tournament. Part of

10455-510: The opportunity to create a politically ambitious "ultimate spy movie" in Iron Man , citing inspiration from Tom Clancy , James Bond , and RoboCop , and compared his approach to an independent film—"[i]f Robert Altman had directed Superman "—and Batman Begins . Favreau wanted to make Iron Man a story of an adult man literally reinventing himself after discovering the world is far more complex than he originally believed. He changed

10578-427: The pair subsequently announced their livestreaming app. Like Periscope , users can comment during the broadcast. Unlike Periscope, livestreams on YouTube can be saved and any user can access them through the app. YouTube head of product for consumers, Manuel Bronstein, stated that livestreaming gives creators the opportunity to "actually create a more intimate connection with their fans." Kick (also known as Kick.com)

10701-480: The physics of flying. For shots of the Mark III flying, it was animated to look realistic by taking off slowly, and landing quickly. To generate shots of Iron Man and the F-22 Raptors battling, cameras were flown in the air to provide reference for physics, wind and frost on the lenses. Favreau conceived of the head-up display shots so audiences would not become disconnected from Stark when watching scenes with

10824-745: The previous year (729,000). Additionally, research and forecasts have shown that consumer spending on traditional pay-TV services fell by 8% to $ 90.7 billion in 2021 and will decline further to $ 74.5 billion in 2023. It is expected that U.S. household subscription-based services spending will surpass pay TV for the first time in 2024. Large corporations such as Amazon have looked to expand into sports live streaming. In 2021, Amazon closed an 11-year, $ 113 billion deal to stream National Football League (NFL) games on their Amazon Prime Video Streaming Platform. Live streaming in sports targets younger viewers with its easy access and subscriptions. The NFL notably partnered with Nickelodeon for youth-focused livestreams of

10947-673: The respective companies. Three other vehicles, the Audi S6 sedan, Audi S5 sports coupe and the Audi Q7 SUV, also appear in the film. Audi created a tie-in website, as General Motors did for Transformers . Oracle Corporation also promoted the film on its site. Several tie-in comics were released for the film. Iron Man premiered at the Greater Union theater at George Street, Sydney , on April 14, 2008. The film began releasing in international markets on April 30, and

11070-643: The rights in 2005. Marvel put the project in production as its first self-financed film, with Paramount Pictures distributing. Favreau signed on as director in April 2006 and faced opposition from Marvel when trying to cast Downey in the title role; the actor was signed in September. Filming took place from March to June 2007, primarily in California to differentiate the film from numerous other superhero stories that are set in New York City. During filming,

11193-453: The rights to develop Iron Man for the big screen, with Stuart Gordon to direct a low-budget film based on the property. By February 1996, 20th Century Fox had acquired the rights from Universal. In January 1997, Nicolas Cage expressed interest in portraying the character, while in September 1998, Tom Cruise expressed interest in producing as well as starring in an Iron Man film. Jeff Vintar and Iron Man co-creator Stan Lee co-wrote

11316-607: The role, which resulted in Favreau leaking the news that Downey was in talks to the press; the positive reaction and enthusiasm to this story helped convince the executives, with Downey cast in the role in September 2006. Rockwell would later portray Justin Hammer in Iron Man 2 (2010). Downey earned $ 500,000 for the role. While preparing for filming, Favreau and Downey were given a tour of SpaceX by Elon Musk . Downey said, "Elon

11439-684: The same game. Like Twitch , viewers on Mixer could pay to subscribe to streamers on a monthly basis. Viewers could also buy "Embers", which was the e-currency used by the site, and could donate that to streamers as well. While Twitch remained the biggest company in the business, Mixer attempted to raise its stock by signing multiple big streamers to Mixer-exclusive deals. These signings included Tyler "Ninja" Blevins in August 2019, Michael "Shroud" Grzesiek in October 2019, and Cory "King Gothalion" Michael also in October 2019. Mixer announced it would be shutting down its streaming services on July 22, 2020. In

11562-1039: The same night continued in 2023 thereafter. Judging The judging Criteria is currently 30% awarded on accuracy or design & ambition and a further 70% awarded on construction. In qualifying countries and in previous finals a performance aspect has been included. Past judges include Yaya Han (Cosplayer), Ivy DoomKitty (Cosplayer), Ann Foley (Costume designer for Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. ), Leri Greer (Senior concept designer for Weta Workshop, worked on Mad Max: Fury Road ), Stephanie Maslansky (Costume designer for Daredevil and Jessica Jones ), Ashley Eckstein (Her Universe), Austin Scarlett (Fashion designer from Project Runway ), Neville Page (film and television creature and concept designer), and Nan Cibula-Jenkins (Head of costume design at The Theatre School at DePaul University). 41°51′07″N 87°36′58″W  /  41.85194°N 87.61611°W  / 41.85194; -87.61611 Iron Man (2008 film) This

11685-545: The scene. A Walmart -exclusive DVD release included a preview of Iron Man: Armored Adventures . The film was also collected in a 10-disc box set titled " Marvel Cinematic Universe: Phase One – Avengers Assembled " which includes all of the Phase One films in the Marvel Cinematic Universe. It was released by Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment on April 2, 2013. The IMAX Enhanced version of

11808-460: The screenwriters had been released from their commitments at the end of filming, who suggested the act should call back to earlier in the film when Stark was learning that one of the limitations of the suit was it freezing at high altitudes. Favreau was hesitant to commit to this change, as it would cost an additional $ 6 million dollars. However, the impending writers' strike forced him to move forward with this idea, with Marcum and Holloway submitting

11931-410: The script. In May 2006, Arad left Marvel Studios to become an independent producer. Because he was on staff when the deal was made for Iron Man , he retained producer credit on the film. By July 2006, Matthew Libatique was attached to serve as cinematographer. Favreau planned to cast a newcomer in the title role, as "those movies don't require an expensive star; Iron Man's the star, the superhero

12054-419: The script. The Mandarin had originally been envisioned as a rival to Tony Stark with a building of his own right next to Stark Industries , with the Mandarin eventually drilling a hole underneath Stark Industries to steal all of Stark's technology for himself; associate producer Jeremy Latcham described such story as "crazy terrible" and "underwhelming". Favreau felt only in a sequel, with an altered tone, would

12177-524: The site can be viewed either live or via video on demand . Bigo Live is a live video streaming mobile app, which is based in Singapore and all operations are handled by China team in Beijing. On Bigo, users can go live via video stream and chat with the real-time audience. User can also watch live streaming videos of other broadcasters. The video chats can be one to one video calls or group chats between

12300-432: The streaming of scheduled promotions and celebrity events as well as streaming between users, as in videotelephony . Livestreaming sites such as Twitch have become popular outlets for watching people play video games, such as in esports , Let's Play -style gaming, or speedrunning . Live coverage of sporting events is a common application. Chat rooms are a key feature in livestreaming, allowing viewers to interact with

12423-425: The studio attached director Nick Cassavetes to the project for a target 2006 release. However, this deal ultimately fell through, and Iron Man's film rights returned to Marvel. In November 2005, Marvel Studios worked to start development from scratch, and announced Iron Man as their first independent feature, because the character was their only major one not already depicted in live action. Paramount Pictures

12546-497: The suit powers up. The armored Stark battles his way out of the cave to find the dying Yinsen, then burns the Ten Rings' weapons and flies away, crashing in the desert and destroying the suit. After being rescued by Rhodes, Stark returns home and announces that his company will cease manufacturing weapons. Obadiah Stane , his father's old partner and the company's manager, advises Stark that this will bankrupt Stark Industries and ruin his father's legacy. In his home workshop, Stark builds

12669-540: The superhero genre with a deft intelligence and infectious sense of fun." On Metacritic , the film has an average score of 79 out of 100, based on 38 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale. Among the major trade journals, Todd McCarthy of Variety called the film an "expansively entertaining special effects extravaganza" with "fresh energy and stylistic polish", while Kirk Honeycutt of The Hollywood Reporter praised

12792-493: The superhero the press has dubbed "Iron Man". In a post-credits scene , S.H.I.E.L.D. director Nick Fury visits Stark at home, telling him that he has become part of a "Bigger Universe", and that he wants to discuss the " Avenger Initiative ". Additionally, Faran Tahir appears as Raza , the leader of the Ten Rings ; Paul Bettany voices J.A.R.V.I.S. , Stark's personal AI system; and Clark Gregg appears as Phil Coulson , an agent of S.H.I.E.L.D. Will Lyman provides

12915-537: The time, ninth-widest release in terms of theaters, and the third highest-grossing opening weekend of 2008 behind Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull and The Dark Knight . It grossed $ 35.2 million on its first day, giving it the thirteenth biggest-opening day at the time. Iron Man had the second-best premiere for a non-sequel, behind Spider-Man , and the fourth biggest-opening for

13038-546: The united states receive cash prizes of $ 1,000, $ 500 and $ 250 and The global champions win cash prizes of $ 5,000, $ 2,000 and $ 1,000. The global champion is usually further presented with a crown trophy as well. In 2021 EuroCosplay Contest merged with the Crown Championship and held the first contest after covid in 2022 at London to commemorate this. The previous format of hosting the Chicago regional qualifier at C2E2, United States selections, and then global finals in

13161-416: The villain the Mandarin and Pepper Potts as a love interest. Hayter removed the Mandarin and instead chose to pit Iron Man against his father Howard Stark , who becomes War Machine . Hayter said "you want to try to mirror your hero with your villain as much as possible" for his reasoning behind making Howard the villain. He also made Bethany Cabe the film's love interest over Potts. In December 2004,

13284-466: The voice-over during the opening award ceremony. Director Jon Favreau plays Harold "Happy" Hogan , Stark's bodyguard and chauffeur , and Samuel L. Jackson makes a cameo appearance as Nick Fury , director of S.H.I.E.L.D., in a post-credits scene. Jackson's face was previously used as the model for the Ultimate Marvel imprint version of Nick Fury . Other cameos in the film include Stan Lee as himself, being mistaken for Hugh Hefner by Stark at

13407-592: The world". A sequel written by Justin Theroux and released in the United States on May 7, 2010, saw Favreau, Downey, Paltrow, Gregg, and Jackson returning. Don Cheadle replaced Terrence Howard in the role of Colonel Rhodes, who is also seen as War Machine. Also starring are Mickey Rourke as villain Ivan Vanko , Sam Rockwell as Justin Hammer , and Scarlett Johansson as S.H.I.E.L.D. agent Natasha Romanoff . Walt Disney Studios and Marvel Studios released

13530-487: The world," began in 2014. It is a craftsmanship award show with a pre-judging session and a stage display, which is live-streamed over the internet. In 2016 the contest was opened into as an international contest for participating countries. The contestants are chosen from select countries worldwide. In the United states there are 4 state regional qualifiers with the global finalist chosen at C2E2. The top three winners from

13653-614: Was also a villain in early drafts of the script, including at one point combining the character with the Mandarin. Favreau felt it was important to include intentional inside references for fans of the comics, such as giving the two fighter jets that attack Iron Man the call signs of "Whiplash 1" and "Whiplash 2", a reference to the comic book villain Whiplash , and including Captain America's shield in Stark's workshop. Favreau wanted

13776-422: Was announced as Marvel's distribution partner for Iron Man . According to associate producer Jeremy Latcham, "we went after about 30 writers and they all passed," saying they were uninterested in the project due to both the relative obscurity of the character and the fact that it was solely a Marvel production. When the film did have a script, even the requests for rewrites met with many refusals. Early scripts for

13899-532: Was cast as love interest Virginia "Pepper" Potts in January 2007; and Jeff Bridges was cast in an undisclosed role in February. Don Cheadle had also been approached for the role of Rhodes, and would eventually replace Howard in the role starting with the sequel, Iron Man 2 . Choosing a character to be the villain of the film was difficult, as Favreau felt Iron Man's arch-nemesis the Mandarin would not feel realistic, especially after Mark Millar gave his opinion on

14022-699: Was discontinued in March 2021 due to declining usage, product realignment and high maintenance costs. Microsoft entered the livestreaming scene when it acquired Beam, the Seattle-based company, in August 2016. About a year after acquiring the company, the service was renamed to Mixer in May 2017.  The platform was the first to bring multiple features to livestreaming such as interactive gameplay, where viewers could influence gameplay, and co-streaming, where viewers could watch multiple viewpoints of teammates in

14145-715: Was held April 25–27, 2014. It included comic legend Stan Lee , Torchwood actress Eve Myles , Game of Thrones actors Alfie Allen , Natalia Tena , and Kristian Nairn , Teen Wolf actors Tyler Posey and Crystal Reed , and The Southern Vampire Mysteries series author Charlaine Harris . C2E2 2015 was held April 24–26, 2015. Comic legend Stan Lee appeared once again this year. Other notable guests included Agent Carter actress Hayley Atwell , Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. actress Ming-Na Wen , Doctor Who actor Sylvester McCoy , Game of Thrones actors Jason Momoa and Finn Jones , Firefly actress Jewel Staite , Mystery Science Theater 3000 creator Joel Hodgson , Lord of

14268-491: Was held April 26–28, 2013, and 53,000 attendees were reported. Some of the spotlight guests included the 1960s Batman TV series actors Adam West , Burt Ward , and Julie Newmar , Game of Thrones actress Natalie Dormer , Hellboy actor Ron Perlman , The Walking Dead actors Laurie Holden and Chandler Riggs , Doctor Who actor Peter Davison , The Guild actress Felicia Day , and comedian Kevin Smith . C2E2 2014

14391-444: Was less comfortable with improvisation, so Favreau would take notes on things she said during rehearsals or in off-handed moments that were in line with the character to incorporate into Potts' dialogue. The crew conceived a post-credits scene featuring Nick Fury and called Samuel L. Jackson to ask him if he would be interested in playing Fury, as Jackson had learned a few years earlier that his likeness had been used for Fury in

14514-463: Was my job as a director to show that it was the best choice creatively ... everybody knew he was talented [and] certainly by studying the Iron Man role and developing that script I realized that the character seemed to line-up with Robert in all the good and bad ways." Casting director Sarah Halley Finn suggested Downey create an audition tape to help persuade them. The executives were still not convinced, despite Favreau and Feige recommending Downey for

14637-477: Was not only a unique entertainment format but also a groundbreaking use of technology at the time. Kan's innovation in this area led to the popularization of lifestreaming, which has since evolved to include various forms of content and millions of users worldwide. Today, the influence of the original concept can be seen across multiple platforms and in different variations, extending beyond individual lifecasting to live broadcasts of events, gaming, and more. Twitch

14760-560: Was released in the United States on May 2, 2008. Iron Man was the first film released in Phase One of the MCU. The film was re-formatted and screened in IMAX for the first time on August 30, 2018, as part of Marvel Studios' 10th anniversary IMAX festival. The film was released by Paramount Home Entertainment on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on September 30, 2008, in the United States and Canada, and October 27, 2008 in most of Europe. DVD sales were very successful, selling over 4 million copies

14883-487: Was shown. With much of the visuals not yet ready, Favreau worked with ILM to have the flying shots ready, saying "I knew that I had to make a splash because there was zero anticipation for the film at the time". Stan Winston Studios also brought a life-sized replica of the film's armor to display at the convention. Marvel and Paramount modeled their marketing campaign for Iron Man on that of Transformers . In May 2008, Sega released an official tie-in video game based on

15006-400: Was someone Tony probably hung out with and partied with, or more likely they went on some weird jungle trek together to drink concoctions with the shamans." Additional casting for the film occurred over the next few months: Terrence Howard was announced in the role of Stark's best friend James "Rhodey" Rhodes in October 2006. He had been the first actor cast for the film; Gwyneth Paltrow

15129-460: Was unavailable to score the film, Djawadi sought out the role himself. Favreau had a clear vision of heavy metal music and guitars for the project, saying that Tony Stark was more of a rock star than a traditional superhero. Djawadi subsequently composed most of the film's score on guitar, before arranging it for orchestra. Djawadi had help with arrangements and additional cues from Hans Zimmer and Remote Control Productions , and Rage Against

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