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25-822: The GNTB is an eingetragener Verein which was founded in 1948. The head office is situated in Frankfurt am Main , Germany . The marketing organisation is mainly financed by the German National Ministry of Economy & Technology. Since 1999, the German National Tourist Board has also been responsible for the marketing of domestic tourism from one region to another. Its strategic goal is the responsible marketing of inter-regional Vacation Themes in Germany. The GNTB works in close cooperation and economic partnership with all levels of

50-582: A managing director will not invalidate a contract with a third party, but the GmbH may hold the managing director in question liable for damages. Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and Liechtenstein have different national requirements as follows: The concept of a company with limited liability existed in the United Kingdom before it did in German-speaking countries. In 1892, the laws governing

75-444: A much broader scope. They can be locally limited club-like institutions but also nationwide units representing important economic or social groups. It is even possible that registered associations themselves form a new association whose membership is composed entirely of associations (often called Dachverband ). The statutory minimum number of members for forming a registered association is seven. The minimum number of members before

100-524: A registered association needs to be dissolved is three. The largest associations can have over one million members, there is no legal limit concerning membership numbers. The registration of Vereine is regulated in the Vereinsregisterverordnung (VRV) ( lit.   ' Regulations for the registry of associations ' ). It requires registration of an e.V. with the association registry ( Vereinsregister ) either kept at

125-419: Is a legal status for a registered voluntary association in Germany. While any group may be called a Verein , registration as eingetragener Verein confers many legal benefits, because it confers the status of a juridical person rather than just a group of individuals. The legal status must be mentioned in the name as well. Like certain other corporate bodies, an eingetragener Verein can apply for

150-548: Is a type of legal entity in German-speaking countries. It is equivalent to a société à responsabilité limitée (Sàrl) in the French-speaking part of Switzerland and to a Società a Garanzia Limitata (Sagl) in the Italian-speaking part. It is an entity broadly equivalent to the private limited company in the United Kingdom and many Commonwealth countries, and the limited liability company (LLC) in

175-637: Is high enough to legally require an audit ( Revisionspflicht ). In Austria, all associations are registered in a special register, and having an e.V. in the name is not allowed. Gesellschaft mit beschr%C3%A4nkter Haftung Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung ( German: [ɡəˈzɛlʃaft mɪt bəˌʃʁɛŋktɐ ˈhaftʊŋ] ), literally 'company with limited liability' (abbreviated as GmbH [ɡeːʔɛmbeːˈhaː] in Germany , Switzerland and Liechtenstein , and as Ges.m.b.H. in Austria ),

200-495: Is the basic type of a juridical person while the Gesellschaft is dogmatically more a partnership. Due to this theoretical distinction, the concept of Verein is also the legal basis for particular economic entities ( Kapitalgesellschaften ) such as GmbH and Aktiengesellschaft , which are also endowed with juridical personhood. These are regulated in separate statutes as special economic associations but bear

225-577: The Berliner Montagsclub , founded in 1749. The first cross-class associations were founded in German-speaking coutries during the 18th century. As a result of industrialisation during the nineteenth century, modern clubs, societies and federations began to develop, including those focused on culture, education and socialising. The term 'association' is commonly used interchangeably with e.V. along with 'club', 'society', and other classifications denoting non-profit entities. This term refers to

250-572: The Unternehmensregister . In 2008, a derived form called Unternehmergesellschaft (haftungsbeschränkt) (English: "entrepreneurial company (limited liability)"), or in short UG (haftungsbeschränkt) , was introduced. It requires a minimum founding capital of €1 and was introduced to assist company founders in setting up a new company. Also, the UG must enlarge its capital by at least 25% of its annual net profit (with some adjustments), until

275-589: The GmbH were adopted in Germany, and in Austria in 1906. During the 19th century, a legal entity with liability limited to the contributed capital was regarded as something dangerous. Hence, German law has many restrictions unknown to common law systems. Because there is no central company registry in Germany but rather several hundred connected to regional courts, administration of the law can vary somewhat between German states . Since 2007, there has been an internet-based central company register for Germany, called

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300-594: The Meistersinger) and events were run. Societies based on language were formed in the seventeenth century, with exclusive English upper class gentlemen's clubs of the eighteenth century, Masonic lodges , the literary societies of the Enlightenment , and political clubs of the French Revolution being some of the earliest examples. One of the most notable social clubs of the early period was

325-508: The United States. The name of the GmbH form emphasizes that the owners ( Gesellschafter , also known as members) of the entity are not personally liable for the company's debts. GmbHs are considered legal persons under German, Swiss and Austrian law. Other variations include mbH (used when the term Gesellschaft is part of the company name itself), and gGmbH ( gemeinnützige GmbH) for non-profit companies. The GmbH has become

350-427: The articles of association. Many of those documents have to be filed with the company registry, where they are checked by special judges or other judicial officers. This can be a tiresome and time-consuming process, as in most cases the transactions are legally valid only when filed with the registry. The founding process is expensive. Normally the foundation of a new GmbH costs about €1000 to €3000. The GmbH law outlines

375-419: The company is run only by the managing directors ( Geschäftsführer ) who have the unrestricted proxy for the company. The members acting collectively may restrict the powers of the managing directors by giving them binding orders. In most cases, the articles of the association list the business activities for which the directors obtain prior consent from the members. Under German law, a violation of these duties by

400-538: The district court of its seat or, if directed by state law, as a centralized register for the Land its seat is located in. In other German-speaking countries such a distinction does not exist. But there may be legal requirements which oblige an association to register itself; for example, in Switzerland there is no association registry, but an association must be listed in the commercial register if its yearly turnover

425-489: The founding stages", with the meaning of "registration pending"); and finally the fully registered GmbH. Only the registration of the company in the Commercial Register ( Handelsregister ) provides the GmbH with its full legal status. The founding act and the articles of association have to be notarized , as do a number of business transactions, such as transfer of shares, issuing of stock, and amendments to

450-470: The general minimum of €25,000 is reached (at which point the company may change its name to the more prestigious GmbH ). In this case, the word haftungsbeschränkt must not be abbreviated. A gemeinnützige Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung (gGmbH) is a special form of a limited liability company with a charitable purpose. Traditional foundations and gGmbHs in Germany do not have minimum annual giving requirements. They are required to spend any profits by

475-426: The minimum content of the articles of association, but it is quite common to have a wide range of additional rules in the articles. Under German law, the GmbH must have a minimum founding capital of €25,000 (§ 5 I GmbHG), of which €12,500 has to be raised before registering in the commercial register (§ 7 II GmbHG). A supervisory board ( Aufsichtsrat ) is required if the company has more than 500 employees; otherwise,

500-584: The most common corporation form in Germany because the AG ( Aktiengesellschaft ), the other major company form corresponding to a stock corporation, was much more complicated to form and operate until recently. A GmbH is formed in three stages: the founding association, which is regarded as a private partnership with full liability of the founding partners/members; the founded company (often styled as "GmbH i.G.", with "i.G." standing for in Gründung – literally "in

525-447: The right of citizens to unite under a common purpose and strive for common goals together. The right of free assembly is also one that can be derived directly from laws regarding personal freedom. The Civil Code of Germany regulates registered non-profit, and for-profit associations regarded as juridical persons ( Vereine ) in sections 21–79 and any other associations by contract ( Gesellschaften ) in sections 705–740. The Verein

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550-1002: The sales network abroad also encompasses marketing agencies with partners such as Deutsche Lufthansa AG and the Federation of German Chambers of Industry and Commerce (DIHK). Rigorous analysis and assessment of the markets form the basis of the GNTB's sales and marketing activities. In line with the international culture and health mega-trends, the GNTB developed its two major product lines: City Tours/Events and Hearth & Fitness Holidays, which it uses to derive key campaigns, long-term product segments and basic information and to devise themes for its international marketing activities. Eingetragener Verein An eingetragener Verein ( German: [ˈaɪnɡəˌtʁaːɡənɐ fɛʁˈʔaɪn] ; "registered association" or "incorporated association"), abbreviated e.V. ( German: [ˌeːˈfaʊ] ),

575-733: The same basic features. The Gesetz zur Regelung des öffentlichen Vereinsrechts (VereinsG) ("Act regulating the public law of associations") and the associated regulations Verordnung zur Durchführung des Gesetzes zur Regelung des öffentlichen Vereinsrechts (Vereinsgesetz) ("Regulation implementing the Act regulating ...") contain specific provision on the rights and duties of Vereine in general. All natural and juridical persons in Germany, municipalities, counties, and other entities under public law, can form associations and be members of an association. This means that associations are not limited to private clubs formed by natural persons but have

600-634: The status of a charitable organization ( Gemeinnützigkeit ). The oldest known social club is La Court de Bonne Compagnie, established in London and mentioned in 1413. The club was set up by a group of devout Templars for the purpose of "charitable causes". To represent the professional interests of craft and merchant guilds , societies or clubs were formed in the Middle Ages and Early Modern period, through which community and various social functional spaces (such as guild houses and music guilds of

625-426: The tourism industry in Germany. Marketing is split into six regional management areas: each with its own foreign representative offices and sales and marketing agencies. Countries without their own representation are covered by the appropriate regional management team. The GNTB is present around the world with 31 foreign representative offices and sales agencies. Apart from the GNTB's 12 own representative offices,

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