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13-407: The government of Bhutan requires all men to wear the gho if they work in a government office or school. Men are also required to wear the gho on formal occasions. In its modern form, the law dates from 1989, but the driglam namzha dress code is much older. The traditional dress for men is the gho, a knee-length robe tied with a handwoven belt, known as kera . Under the gho, men wear a tego ,

26-424: A " kira ," thereby creating an ankle-length dress. A short silk jacket or toego may be worn over the kira. Everyday gho and kira are cotton or wool according to the season, patterned in simple checks and stripes in earth tones. For special occasions and festivals, varicolored, patterned silk kira, and, more rarely, gho, may be worn. Additional rules apply when visiting a dzong or a temple, and when appearing before

39-414: A high-level official. In such cases, Bhutanese will wear the national costume with ceremonial scarves. A white, raw silk sash with fringes called a kabney is worn by commoner men from the left shoulder to opposite hip, as other colors are reserved for officials and monks. Women wear a rachu , a narrow embroidered cloth draped over the left shoulder. The Driglam Namzha codifies the traditional rules for

52-534: A white jacket with long, folded-back cuffs. In the film Travellers and Magicians by Khyentse Norbu , the main actor Tshewang Dendup wears a denim gho. This unique blue jean gho was made from eight metres of denim and is believed to be the only denim gho in existence. This is one of many varieties of the gho depicted in Bhutanese film. This article about Bhutan is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This clothing -related article

65-523: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Driglam namzha The Driglam Namzha ( Tibetan : སྒྲིག་ལམ་རྣམ་གཞག་ , Wylie : sgrig lam rnam gzhag ) is the official code of etiquette and dress code of Bhutan . It governs how citizens should dress in public as well as how they should behave in formal settings. It also regulates a number of cultural assets such as art and architecture . In English, driglam means "order, discipline, custom, rules, regimen" and namzha means "system", though

78-636: Is a title for a teacher of the Dharma in Tibetan Buddhism . The name is similar to the Sanskrit term guru , meaning "heavy one", endowed with qualities the student will eventually embody. The Tibetan word "lama" means "highest principle", and less literally "highest mother" or "highest father" to show close relationship between teacher and student. Historically, the term was used for venerated spiritual masters or heads of monasteries . Today

91-602: The Vajrayana path of Tibetan Buddhism, the lama is often the tantric spiritual guide, the guru to the aspiring Buddhist yogi or yogini . As such, the lama will then appear as one of the Three Roots (a variant of the Three Jewels ), alongside the yidam and protector (who may be a dakini , dharmapala or other Buddhist deity figure). The mind of the lama is considered Buddha – one's highest potential,

104-589: The construction of the religious, military, administrative, and social centers of Bhutan, which are amalgamated into fortresses known as dzongs. No plans are drawn up nor are nails allowed in their construction. Under the direction of an inspired lama , citizens build dzongs as part of their tax obligation to the state . As recently as 1998, by decree , all buildings must be constructed with varicolored wood frontages, small arched windows, and sloping roofs. Lama Samding Dorje Phagmo Lama ( Tibetan : བླ་མ་ , Wylie : bla-ma , lit.   ' boss ' )

117-547: The southern lowlands, who complained about being forced to wear the clothing of the Ngalop people . Under the Driglam Namzha, men wear a heavy knee-length robe tied with a belt, called a gho , which is folded in such a way to form a pocket in front of the stomach. Women wear long-sleeved blouses called wonju made of silk, polyester, or lightweight cotton, over which they fold and clasp a large rectangular cloth called

130-425: The term lama has historically been erroneously applied to Tibetan monks in general. Similarly, Tibetan Buddhism was referred to as "Lamaism" by early western scholars and travelers who perhaps did not understand that what they were witnessing was a form of Buddhism; they may also have been unaware of the distinction between Tibetan Buddhism and Bön . The term Lamaism is now considered by some to be derogatory. In

143-443: The term may be styled " The Rules for Disciplined Behavior ". The Driglam Namzha traces its roots directly back to the 17th-century pronouncements of Ngawang Namgyal , the first Zhabdrung Rinpoche , a Tibetan lama and military leader who sought to unify Bhutan not only politically but also culturally. He established guidelines for dzong architecture , the characteristic monastery-fortresses of Bhutan. He also established many of

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156-533: The title can be used as an honorific title conferred on a monk , nun or a lay person (especially in the Nyingma , Kagyu and Sakya schools) advanced tantric practitioner to designate a level of spiritual attainment and authority to teach, or may be part of a title such as Dalai Lama or Panchen Lama applied to a lineage of reincarnate lamas ( Tulkus ). Perhaps due to misunderstandings by early western scholars attempting to understand Tibetan Buddhism,

169-467: The traditions of the tshechu "district festival" such as the Cham dance . The guidelines were intentionally codified to encourage the emergence of a distinctively-Bhutanese identity. In 1989, the government elevated the status of the dress code from recommended to mandatory. All citizens were then required to observe the dress code in public during business hours. The decree was resented by Lhotshampas in

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