A mixed train or mixed consist is a train that contains both passenger and freight cars or wagons. In some countries, the term refers to a freight train carrying various different types of freight rather a single commodity. Although common in the early days of railways , by the 20th century they were largely confined to branch lines with little traffic. Typically, service was slower, because mixed trains usually involved the shunting (switching) of rolling stock at stops along the way. However, some earlier passenger expresses, which also hauled time-sensitive freight in covered goods wagons ( boxcars ), would now be termed mixed trains. Generally, toward the end of the mixed train era, shunting at intermediate stops had significantly diminished. Most railway passenger and freight services are now administered separately.
71-832: Not intended by this article is the definition of mixed train to describe: Passenger trains that can carry travellers' cars on freight wagons at the rear of the train are excluded. Called motorail , such services operate in Austria, Turkey, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Finland, Serbia, Australia, Canada, Chile, and the US. Car shuttle trains , on which passengers travel within their vehicles, are also omitted. In parts of Asia and Africa, mixed trains still operate along corridors with reduced traffic. Routes include Asmara–Ghinda, Bulawayo–Harare, Elazığ–Tatvan, Fianarantsoa–Manakara, Kandy–Badulla, Livingstone–Mulobezi , Phnom Penh–Poipet, and Zahedan Mixed Passenger . A number of state-owned rail operators
142-819: A rail tunnel and connecting two places not easily accessible to each other by road. On car shuttle train services, unlike on motorail services, the occupants of the road vehicles being carried on the train usually stay with their vehicle throughout the rail journey. In Europe, many motorail connections are running cross-border between different European countries. To be mentioned are trains between Austria—Germany, Austria—Italy, Germany—Italy, Czech Republic—Slovakia and Serbia—Montenegro. Some domestic services exist as well. Domestic motorail trains are running within Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Finland and France. Almost all motorail services are offered in connection with overnight trains with sleeping cars . In Austria , roughly half of
213-593: A Motorail service on its Sunlander and Spirit of the Outback trains. The Victorian Railways formerly offered Motorail on The Vinelander , and Sunraysia services on the Mildura line . The New South Wales Railways (later the Public Transport Commission ) once offered Motorail services on its long-distance lines. Several overnight "car train" (カートレイン) services were operated by
284-679: A comprehensive reform of the German railway system (Bahnreform) which was approved by the Bundestag in 1993 and went into effect on 1 January 1994, that included the planned merger between the DR and DB on 1 January 1994 to form the Deutsche Bahn Aktiengesellschaft or AG (Corporation), which is a state-owned limited stock company. ( ) Was also GDR Minister of Transport during his term of service as Director General of
355-586: A connection between Germany (Düsseldorf) and Verona. All these motorail trains were operated by Müller-Touristik-Group in Germany under the brand name Euro-Express. In 2018, the Euro-Express trains were canceled. The only motorail train of Turkey is running between Villach/Austria and Edirne/Turkey mainly for the Turkish workers abroad, passing through Austria, Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia and Bulgaria. The whole journey completes 1400 km in 30 hours. The train
426-481: A coordination agreement concerning operations. On 1 June 1992, the DB and DR formed a joint board of directors which governed both entities. The merger between the DR and DB was delayed by several years over the structure of the merged railway due to concerns by German politicians on the ever-increasing annual operating deficits incurred by the DB and DR. The Federal Ministry of Transport (Bundesverkehrsministerium) proposed
497-432: A distance of 855 miles (1,376 km). The train can carry upwards of 330 vehicles inside fully enclosed bilevel autoracks, allowing vehicles even as tall as SUVs with rooftop cargo boxes to fit inside. Special vehicles such as small trailers, limousines, jet-skis, trikes, and chopper motorcycles may be brought on for an extra fee. The train is commonly used by tourists travelling south for vacation to Florida. In Argentina,
568-590: A goods brake van carrying some freight. The Skitube Alpine Railway sometimes operates as a mixed service, as during winter there is no road access to Blue Cow Mountain . In German-speaking countries, two main types of mixed train ( Gemischter Zug ) existed: the GmP and the PmG . The GmP was a "goods train with passenger service" ( Güterzug mit Personenbeförderung ); namely a goods train with one or more passenger coaches. These were common on branch lines and were run for
639-616: A jockey to pick your car up at home, complementary insurances, free bus to leave the arrival station (such as Bercy, Avignon, or Fréjus) and free parking. The service was discontinued in December 2019. In the early 1980s PKP offered motorail services between the following stations: Szczecin Dąbie , Trzebiatów , Gdynia Główna , Warszawa Główna , Poznań Główny , Katowice , Kraków Główny , and Zakopane . Services ran overnight and passengers were carried in sleeping cars and couchettes . By
710-492: A mixed train was technically a goods train with passenger accommodation, meaning it had lower priority over other trains, and could be cancelled without notice if there were no goods to carry. The Victorian Railways had a class of train called a "limited through mixed", which limited the amount of goods and ran to a set timetable. It was guaranteed to run even without waiting goods. Forming another type of mixed train, railmotors or railcars might haul one or two goods wagons or
781-709: A treaty between the GDR and the West Berlin Senate entered into force and turned over the responsibility for the operation of the S-Bahn in West Berlin to the West Berlin transport authority BVG . The BVG gradually restored much of the S-Bahn service that had been previously reduced. Following the reunification in October 1990, the arrangements were kept until the creation of Deutsche Bahn AG on 1 January 1994 when
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#1732801004091852-648: A visible West German government presence in West Berlin. Another oddity was the presence of a ticket counter at the East Berlin station Berlin Ostbahnhof (known as Berlin Hauptbahnhof from 1987 to 1998) operated by the Soviet (later Russian ) military to facilitate transport of their personnel to and from Russia. A special military train regularly operated between Berlin and Moscow until 1994 when
923-528: A week. Larger trucks (1 ton and higher) may be brought on the train but through a different service. The Polar Bear Express is a popular service for those living in communities near the James Bay as no all season road exists to link Moosonee with the rest of Ontario. The train is also frequented by hunters travelling up North. CN Rail operated the Car-Go Rail and Auto-With-You motorail services around
994-516: Is a passenger train on which passengers can take their car or automobile along with them on their journey. Passengers are carried in normal passenger carriages or in sleeping carriages on longer journeys, while the cars are loaded into autoracks , car-carriers, or flatcars that normally form part of the same train. Motorail services are not the same as car shuttle trains or car-carrying train services. Car shuttle trains usually operate over relatively short distances, on lines passing through
1065-460: Is a Motorail service in Serbia along the following routes: Belgrade - Bar (throughout the year), Novi Sad - Bar (summer season only) and Belgrade - Thessaloniki (summer season only). In Switzerland, several car shuttle trains run, called Autoverlad ; no motorail services exist. British Rail operated Motorail services from 1955 serving various destinations, but had discontinued them by the time
1136-468: Is also available in Slovakia. Trains are jointly operated by České dráhy and Železničná spoločnosť Slovensko . In Finland , VR has a popular automobile-carrying service on its night trains between the south and the north; the service transports 35,000 automobiles a year. The service operates with trains originating from both Helsinki and Turku first stopping at Tampere ; from there they follow
1207-517: Is operated by Optima Tours. Currently, there is a daily all-year-round service between Prague and Košice , EN Slovakia, which also carries a motorail car between Prague and Poprad (for High Tatras ). There is a seasonal service between Prague and Split (fasttrain Jadran ) which took 24 hours, in seasons 2003–2005 weekly, in seasons 2007–2009 daily. This was running also in summer 2023. Domestic motorail service between Bratislava and Humenné
1278-469: Is the main auto-train terminal. There were also terminals in the stations of Avignon (separate station), Biarritz , Bordeaux , Briançon , Brive , Fréjus-St-Raphaël (separate station), Lyon-Perrache , Marseille-Saint-Charles , Nice , Narbonne (separate station), Toulon , and Toulouse . The automobiles were carried in open railcars. Other services used to be offered to the Auto Train service:
1349-516: The Berlin Wall and across from the site of the former Reich Chancellery . The company was administratively subdivided into eight regional directorates (Reichsbahndirektionen) with headquarters in Berlin , Cottbus , Dresden , Erfurt , Greifswald , Halle , Magdeburg , and Schwerin . Catering services to the DR, both on board trains and in stations, were provided by Mitropa . The DR
1420-612: The Ffestiniog Railway introduced mixed trains, with passenger coaches in the middle for the ascent. Down trains were run in up to four separate (uncoupled) portions: loaded slate wagons, goods wagons, passenger carriages and the locomotive running light. This practice changed to a whole descending train, headed by the locomotive, for safety reasons. Opened in 1866, the Wrexham, Mold and Connah's Quay Railway operated mixed trains during its early years. On market days when space
1491-553: The First World War depressed passenger traffic. These were freight trains, that rarely had more than one passenger car, and sometimes ran with a combined passenger, mail and baggage car. Distinct from the typical slow version was the Prince Rupert fish/passenger express . The former slower types were sometimes called way freights , whose end coincided with numerous passenger services over several decades terminating in
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#17328010040911562-686: The Japanese National Railways and its successor JR Group between 1985 and 1999. The first such service operated between Shiodome Freight Terminal in Tokyo and Higashi-Kokura Freight Terminal in northern Kyushu . At various times during the 1990s, similar services were operated between Nagoya and Kyushu, between Tokyo and Hokkaido through the Seikan Tunnel , and within Hokkaido. The freight terminal at Ebisu Station
1633-652: The New Zealand Railways Department to investigate railcar technology in the early 20th century. Overseas designs could not be easily adapted to New Zealand owing to its rugged conditions, 3-foot-6-inch (1.07 m) narrow gauge track, and small loading gauge . Early railcars trials, such as the RM class Model T Ford railbuses , proved unsatisfactory. When successfully introduced from the 1930s, railcars primarily replaced unprofitable provincial carriage trains, and some mixed services in regions such as
1704-781: The North Auckland Line ran until 1976. An updated type of mixed train existed in the South Island for a few years during the 1990s, when a few wagons of express containerised freight were attached to the TranzCoastal Picton – Christchurch express. Unlike prior era mixed trains, with their slow en route shunting, this time-sensitive freight travelled swiftly. In North America, most branch lines, and sections of main lines, were worked by mixed trains. One or more passenger trains had served some routes, which switched to mixed trains as increased use of cars after
1775-846: The Ontario Northland Cochrane – Moosonee , and the Quebec North Shore and Labrador 's Sept-Îles – Labrador City / Schefferville . Currently, the Keewatin Railway 's The Pas– Pukatawagan leases passenger cars from Via Rail. Tshiuetin Rail Transportation operates in northern Quebec . These operations are the two surviving mixed trains in North America. The Birmingham and Gloucester Railway added passenger coaches to its daily goods in each direction from November 1841. In 1864,
1846-878: The Soviet occupation zone (which became the German Democratic Republic or GDR on 7 October 1949) continued to run as the Deutsche Reichsbahn, the name given to the German national railways in 1937. In West Germany , the Reichsbahn was succeeded by the Deutsche Bundesbahn (DB). Both the Reichsbahn and the Bundesbahn continued as separate entities until 1994, when they merged to form the Deutsche Bahn . The DR
1917-583: The West Coast and Taranaki . Mixed trains dominated the South Island 's more extensive branch-line network, but as private car ownership increased in the 1930s, passenger traffic decreased, closing many rural train routes. However, some mixed services lasted into the 1960s in isolated regions with poor roads. In the North Island , the last mixed trains operated into the 1970s, where services on
1988-424: The 1960s, but closed the service a few years after due to low popularity. In Chile , EFE ( Empresa de los Ferrocarriles del Estado ) operated a service called "Autotren" between Santiago and Temuco . It has, alongside most rail services in the country, been discontinued. Amtrak operates their dedicated Auto Train between Lorton, Virginia (near Washington, D.C. ) and Sanford, Florida (near Orlando ),
2059-746: The 1970s. In the US, the Seaboard Coast Line Atlanta–Augusta mixed train operated until 1983. The last mixed train on the Canadian Pacific Railway was the Midland 's Windsor – Truro, Nova Scotia mixed train, which operated until 1979. By 1990, mixed trains existed on only four routes in Canada, namely the Via Rail (formerly Canadian National Railway ) Wabowden – Churchill (ceased 2002) and The Pas – Lynn Lake ,
2130-560: The Auto/trains also carried sleeping cars . Later on, passengers traveled on a separate train to their automobiles. Typically, passengers dropped off their car any time during the day and then use a separate train to reach their destination, where they could pick up the car any time the following day. This service used to be available between 13 railway stations: the Gare de Bercy in Paris
2201-460: The DB Autozug connection between Hamburg and Lörrach , offering all-year-round motorail services 1-4 times a week. And finally, the German company train4you is offering - under the brand name Urlaubs-Express (UEX) - seasonal motorail trains between Hamburg and Düsseldorf on one side and Munich , Verona and Villach on the other side. They are running during the summer season except for
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2272-689: The DR in their West Berlin railway stations who were controlled by the GDR Interior Ministry, although the three Western Allies (the United States , Great Britain , and France ) never officially recognized the authority of the GDR government in the Soviet (Eastern) sector of Berlin, let alone in West Berlin. For this reason, the West Berlin Polizei had separate patrols who were empowered to maintain law and order in
2343-612: The DR-GDR era. Article 26 of the Unification Treaty (Einigungsvertrag) between the two German states signed on 31 August 1990 established the DR as special property (Sondervermögen) of the Federal Republic of Germany , and stipulated the DR to be merged with DB at the earliest opportunity. Upon reunification , the DR and DB continued to operate as separate entities in their respective service areas, albeit under
2414-404: The GDR. The DR did offer a limited number of express trains such as the "Neptun" ( Berlin – Copenhagen ), " Vindobona " (Berlin – Vienna ), "Karlex" (Berlin – Carlsbad ), and "Balt-Orient-Express" (Berlin – Bucharest ). Steam engines were the workhorses after the war and remained important for a long time into the period of German partition. The DR's last steam engine (on normal-gauge tracks)
2485-529: The Russian military finally withdrew from Germany. Each of the Western Allies also maintained its stations and ticket offices in its respective zone: The Western Allies operated military trains over DR lines converging on the route between Berlin- Wannsee and Marienborn . DR conductors and engine crews managed these trains while military transport officers and soldiers dealt with their passengers and
2556-485: The Soviet military checkpoint officials at Marienborn. The presence of the DR in West Berlin was costly to the GDR – the annual operating deficit for the DR in West Berlin in the early 1980s was estimated to be around 120-140 million Deutsche Marks . The status of Berlin is also believed to be the reason the East Germans retained the name Deutsche Reichsbahn as it was mentioned as such in transit treaties. After
2627-544: The West Berlin railway stations. The West German Deutsche Bundesbahn (DB) maintained a ticket office in West Berlin for many years on Hardenbergstraße near the main Zoological Garden railway station that was run by the Eastern Reichsbahn. One reason for this was due to the generally poor customer service offered at the DR's ticket counters . Another reason may have been psychological – to promote
2698-405: The Western Allies would probably have refused to recognise it as the same or a successor organization and removed its right to operate in West Berlin. The legal necessity of keeping the term 'Deutsche Reichsbahn' explains the unique use of the word 'Reich' (with its Imperial and Nazi connotations) in the name of an official organisation of the communist GDR. This quasi-official presence in West Berlin
2769-540: The brand name ÖBB nightjet ) running from Germany to Austria. There are daily EuroNight overnight motorail trains from Vienna to Hamburg . In addition, similar services are offered from Düsseldorf to Innsbruck since December 2016. Another motorail service abandoned by DB Autozug was taken over by BTE, a German rail tourism company, which is affiliated with the US-based Railroad Development Corporation (RDC). BTE took over
2840-494: The burning of domestically produced lignite . The electrified rail network grew from 11.5% in 1979 to 27.3% by 1990. Due to the Four-Power Occupation Agreements for Berlin, in which the long-term division of Germany and Berlin (the partition of Germany into two German states; and Berlin partitioned into two principal zones of occupation, West Berlin and East Berlin) was not foreseen, the DR operated
2911-566: The capital of the country with the Atlantic coast in a distance of 400 km. Deutsche Reichsbahn (GDR) The Deutsche Reichsbahn or DR (German Reich Railways) was the operating name of state owned railways in the East Germany , and after German reunification until 1 January 1994. In 1949, occupied Germany 's railways were returned to German control after four years of Allied control following World War II . Those in
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2982-641: The end of passenger trains. This included horse boxes, cattle wagons, parcels vans, newspaper vans, fish vans, milk tanks and churn vans. Possibly one of the last scheduled mixed services in the UK is the Hythe Pier, Railway and Ferry in Hampshire . This service is the oldest continually running pier train in the world (since 1922) and regularly carries diesel fuel to the pier head for the ferry. Motorail A motorail train or accompanied car train (ACT)
3053-548: The end of the 1990s PKP operated only a single motorail service on overnight trains between Gdynia and Zakopane. The service never gained essential popularity and ultimately was withdrawn in 2004. Among many factors which led to closure of this service, it was criticised for being too cumbersome: while in Zakopane the passengers' cars were available almost immediately, it took nearly two hours to load or unload cars in Gdynia. There
3124-621: The erection of the Berlin Wall on 13 August 1961, many West Berliners boycotted the S-Bahn in West Berlin. After a strike by West Berlin-based DR employees in September 1980, the S-Bahn service in West Berlin was greatly reduced. Almost half of the West Berlin S-Bahn railway network was closed following this action, including the closure of the western portion of the Berlin circular ring railway ( Ringbahn ). On 9 January 1984,
3195-654: The following reasons: To reduce smoke exposure, the passenger coaches were usually located well back from the locomotive . However, when heating was required during cold weather, the coaches connected immediately behind the locomotive, because most goods wagons lacked heating-pipe conduits. Into the 1980s, the Deutsche Bundesbahn ran GmP trains occasionally, but adding or detaching rolling stock created long wait times at stops, which contributed to their demise. They are no longer found in Germany, Austria or Switzerland. The other variant in German-speaking countries
3266-528: The foundation of East Germany on 7 October 1949 the East German government continued to run all the railways in its territory under the official name Deutsche Reichsbahn, by so doing it maintained responsibility for almost all railway transport in all four sectors of Berlin. Had the DR been renamed, for example, Staatseisenbahn der DDR (State Railways of the GDR) along the lines of other East German institutions,
3337-687: The island of Luzon ; the Manila Railway, as well as the succeeding Manila Railroad and the present Philippine National Railways , operated mixed trains from its inception in 1892 until 1968. During the early days of the Ferrocarril de Manila a Dagupan line, now known as the North Main Line, third-class passengers normally occupied boxcars alongside freight on inter-city rail services, while first-class passengers were able to use true railcars hauled by tank locomotives . By 1956,
3408-424: The last mixed trains that continued to serve the South Main Line were the following; Train 506 from Manila to Tagkawayan station in Quezon province, and Train 504 to Naga station in Naga, Camarines Sur . Return services to Manila were numbered 505 and 503, respectively. Hourly dedicated freight services started to replaced mixed trains on the entire network by the 1960s. However, another mixed train service
3479-404: The long-haul railway service (Fernverkehr) and barge canals in both East and West Berlin throughout the years of the Cold War (and also after the reunification of Germany) until the merger of the DR and DB in January 1994. This led to unique situations due to the occupied status of West Berlin and the presence of the DR there. For example, there were Bahnpolizei (railway police) employed by
3550-441: The main lines, mixed trains served rural branch lines where dedicated passenger services would be uneconomical. On the more significant provincial routes, substituting a mixed train during the off-season was common in the late 19th century (the Rotorua Express ), or operating the provincial express twice or thrice weekly while mixed services ran daily (the Taneatua Express ). The shortcomings of mixed trains for passenger travel led
3621-423: The motorail trains from and to Munich, which are bi-seasonal (summer & winter). In Italy, Trenitalia operated national Motorail services, advertised as "Auto e moto al seguito". As of 12 December 2011, all of these services have been withdrawn. After the withdrawal of motorail services by state-owned Trenitalia the private railway company Arenaways started overnight motorail trains running from Torino in
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#17328010040913692-402: The new company took over all S-Bahn operations in the Greater Berlin region. It took several years to fully restore all of S-Bahn services throughout the Greater Berlin region. Service on the West Berlin portion of the Ringbahn was not restored until after reunification (in phases, from 1993 to 2002). Capital projects continue to address the backlog of construction needs that developed during
3763-401: The night trains of the Österreichische Bundesbahnen (ÖBB) (called ÖBB nightjet ) include car-carrier wagons. Most of the car-carrier wagons are running on a daily basis all-year-round to car terminals located in Austria (Vienna, Graz, Villach, Feldkirch, Innsbruck) and Germany (Hamburg, Düsseldorf). In addition, ÖBB nightjets from Vienna are serving one car terminal in Italy (Livorno) during
3834-401: The north of Italy to Reggio Calabria and Bari in the south. Talgo train coaches from RENFE group in Spain were used for the services. After the bankruptcy of Arenaways in 2014 due to massively manipulated rules by state-owned Trenitalia to exclude the competitor from the market, all services were withdrawn. In 2019, there are seasonal international motorail trains, operating during
3905-422: The now abandoned motorail services claiming a sufficient market for motorail services in Germany and Central Europe. One of them (Euro-Express) left the market in late 2017, leaving three motorail operators in the German market: ÖBB , BTE and train4you . Austrian railway (ÖBB) took over most motorail services from DB Autozug. ÖBB now (as of December 2018 ) offers daily or almost daily motorail connections (under
3976-479: The pace of electrification and instead relied on mostly Russian-made diesel locomotives due to the easy availability of fuel from the Soviet Union at subsidised prices. When the GDR's energy costs began to rise dramatically in the early 1980s (in part because the Soviet Union ceased to subsidize the price of fuel sold to the GDR), the DR embarked on a large rail electrification campaign as the GDR's electrical power grid could be supplied with electricity generated from
4047-737: The privatization of JR, and competition with both long-distance car ferries and combination air/rental car travel products. The Ontario Northland Railway 's Auto Carrier Service has several chain cars that carry vehicles from Cochrane to Moosonee . The train used is referred to as the Polar Bear Express . The train typically carries 15 vehicles. It also allows palletized freight, personal effects, household goods, groceries, building material, and special vehicles (ATVs, UTVs, snowmobiles, boats, and canoes). Spaces are also available for small enclosed trailers, boat and snowmobile trailers. These may be brought on either boxcars or flatcars. 3000 cars are transported yearly, with regular motorail service several times
4118-414: The same line to the next stop in Oulu . Thereafter, the line splits with one line going up to Kolari and another line making stops at Rovaniemi and Kemijärvi . These trains also include sleeper cars allowing passengers to sleep well before driving the next morning. In France, the SNCF 's Auto/train service comprised several overnight automobile-carrying trains throughout France. In the past, all of
4189-481: The state-owned body was wound up in the mid-1990s. The privatised train operator First Great Western went on to revive the service between London and Penzance in 1998, operating it until September 2005. Journey Beyond provides a Motorail service on its long-distance Indian Pacific between Adelaide and Perth, and The Ghan between Adelaide and Darwin. It formerly offered Motorail on The Overland services. Traveltrain in Queensland formerly offered
4260-400: The summer months from 's-Hertogenbosch (Den Bosch) in the Netherlands to Koper in Slovenia, to Alessandria and Livorno in Italy, and Frejus and Avignon in the South of France. EETC (Euro-Express trein charter), the owner of the AutoSlaapTrein, suspended their services in April 2015. Another Dutch company, the travel agency Treinreiswinkel, continued the Autoslaaptrein in May 2015 with
4331-431: The summer months only. German operator train4you operates motorail trains from Düsseldorf and Hamburg to Verona, while state-owned Austrian railway ÖBB connects Livorno with the Austrian capital of Vienna. The services are reduced in comparison to 2017 and 2018 which saw motorail trains operating from Hamburg, Düsseldorf and Vienna to Verona and Livorno. There were motorail services, called AutoSlaapTrein , which ran in
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#17328010040914402-598: The summer season. For the motorail services from Austria to Germany, ÖBB took over operations from DB AutoZug , a German motorail company which ceased operations. Also seasonal is the Optima Express, a three-season service (spring, summer, autumn) between Villach in Austria and Edirne in Turkey with up to four trains each week in summer. In Germany , DB AutoZug offered motorail services for more than 70 years. DB AutoZug ceased to operate in October 2016 as these trains were not considered to be profitable. Four new motorail operators stepped in during 2015 and 2016, taking over
4473-420: The transportation of cars by train was very popular for many years, but after the privatization of passenger services in the 1990s, most of the rail services were canceled. Currently this service is provided only on the Tren Patagonico (Patagonian Train), which connects Viedma on the Atlantic coast with Bariloche in the Andes covering a distance of 800 km, and on the Buenos Aires-Mar Del Plata line, connecting
4544-416: Was apparently of an utmost importance to the GDR regime, otherwise it is hard to explain why the anti-imperialist and cash-strapped GDR government was willing to both continue using the word 'Reich' and incur large hard currency deficits to operate and maintain the West Berlin railway system. The DR also operated the S-Bahn local train service in West Berlin during much of the Cold War period. Following
4615-469: Was at a premium, passengers sat on coal in the tender and crowded onto the footplate. The Regulation Act of 1889 generally prohibited traditional mixed trains because the absence of continuous braking apparatus on wagons preceding the coaches jeopardized passenger safety. However, the Board of Trade exercised latitude in enforcing this rule, and some mixed trains ran until the end of the steam era. Goods wagons/vans requiring speedy delivery could be attached to
4686-415: Was centrally directed according to socialist principles within the context of a centrally planned command economy . By 1989, 17.2% of the passenger transport volume in the GDR was handled by the DR – three times the market share of the Deutsche Bundesbahn (DB) in West Germany . Fares were fairly cheap, but trains tended to be overcrowded and slow, owing in part to the poor condition of most railway lines in
4757-567: Was reintroduced in 1967 through a deal with Legazpi mayor Luis Los Baños. A refrigerator car carrying agricultural produce was hauled alongside passenger trains to the Bicol Region . The service was short-lived and it was terminated after the April 1968 Mayon Volcano eruption. Train services eventually dwindled in ridership until all intercity rail services were suspended in 2013. In Australia, mixed trains were variously named as such and as "mixed freight" or "mixed goods", "car goods", or "goods train with car attached". In most Australian states,
4828-408: Was taken out of service on 28 May 1988. Much of the electrified rail network that existed in (present-day) eastern Germany in 1945 had been removed and sent to the Soviet Union as war reparations in the early years of Soviet occupation. By the early 1970s, only a small portion of the tracks in the GDR had been electrified in comparison with those in Western Europe; the GDR leadership chose to reduce
4899-598: Was the PmG or "passenger train with goods service" ( Personenzug mit Güterbeförderung ). The Deutsche Reichsbahn in East Germany continued to operate some of these trains until the early 1990s. These comprised one or more goods wagons running behind the passenger coaches. Towards the end, no shunting took place at the intermediate stations. Some private railways once ran PmG trains. Passenger trains transporting skiers, in places like Interlaken , still haul an open wagon for ski equipment. Mixed trains were once prolific in New Zealand . Although express trains operated on
4970-426: Was the largest employer in the GDR and as a state-owned firm was directly subordinated to the GDR Ministry of Transport (Ministerium für Verkehr der DDR) . From November 1954 until November 1989, the GDR Minister of Transport also occupied the position of the Director General of the DR (Generaldirektor der Deutschen Reichsbahn) . The headquarters of the DR were located in East Berlin at No. 33 Voßstraße , close to
5041-481: Was used as a terminal for car train services prior to its closure for redevelopment as the Ebisu Garden Place complex, at which point such services were moved to Hamamatsucho Station . There were a number of problems with these services which contributed to their eventual cancellation, including fairly severe size restrictions on the vehicles that could be transported, lack of on-board dining facilities, revenue sharing issues between regional operating companies following
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