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24-736: Goul is a river in the Massif Central of France. It runs through the Cantal ( Vezels-Roussy , Leucamp , Ladinhac , Lapeyrugue , Cros-de-Ronesque , Jou-sous-Monjou , Saint-Clément , Pailherols , Taussac , Raulhac ) and the Aveyron ( Saint-Hippolyte , Murols ) for 52 kilometers. It is a tributary of the river Truyère . This article related to a river in France is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Massif Central Subject to volcanism that has subsided in

48-450: A large concentration of around 450 extinct volcanoes. The Chaîne des Puys (near Clermont-Ferrand ), a range running north to south and less than 160 km (60 sq mi) long, contains 115 of them (monogenic volcanoes only). The Auvergne Volcanoes regional natural park is in the massif. The amusement park of Vulcania near Clermont-Ferrand allows visitors to discover this natural heritage and introduces them to volcanology. In

72-668: Is a landlocked department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of south-central France. Named after the Loire River , it is surrounded by the departments of Loire , Ardèche , Lozère , Cantal and Puy-de-Dôme . In 2019, it had a population of 227,570; its inhabitants are called Altiligériens in French (English : Altiligerians). The department, which has its prefecture in Le Puy-en-Velay , covers

96-620: Is an old massif , formed during the Variscan orogeny , consisting mostly of granitic and metamorphic rocks . It was powerfully raised and made to look geologically younger in the eastern section by the uplift of the Alps during the Paleogene period and in the southern section by the uplift of the Pyrenees . The massif thus presents a strongly asymmetrical elevation profile with highlands in

120-718: Is booming, taking advantage of the UNESCO heritage classification of the volcanoes of the Chaîne des Puys and the Causses and Cévennes region. The entire economy of the Massif Central has benefited from the opening of roads, particularly the construction of the A75motorway on which is located the famous Millau Viaduct . Haute-Loire Haute-Loire ( French pronunciation: [ot lwaʁ] ; Occitan : Naut Léger or Naut Leir ; English: Upper Loire )

144-675: The Massif Central . The north part of the department is part of the Livradois-Forez Regional Natural Park , a protected area of traditionally-farmed agricultural land and woodland, covering a total area of 297,000 hectares (730,000 acres). The department has four mountain ranges running north and south. These are the Haut-Vivarais and its continuation, the Boutières range, the Massif du Meygal ,

168-590: The Velay mountains and the Margeride Mountains. The highest point of the department is the Mont Mézenc (1753 m) and its average elevation is 719 m. The two-thirds of the area is over 800 m and the lowest point is 393 m. Historically, Velay has been associated with the traditional region of Vivarais , now part of Ardèche. The two regions share a common dialect which is similar to that spoken in

192-760: The regions of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes , Bourgogne-Franche-Comté , Nouvelle-Aquitaine and Occitania . The largest cities in the region are Clermont-Ferrand , Limoges , and Saint-Étienne . In the Massif Central, the industry remains little developed except locally (metallurgy in Saint-Étienne; tires in Clermont-Ferrand , headquarters of Michelin , world leader in the sector; aeronautics industry in Figeac , etc.). The other industries present are linked to agriculture ( Groupe Limagrain ,

216-580: The Visigothic dominions were generally known as Septimania . The king of the Visigoths, Alaric I was killed at the Battle of Vouillé in 507, a battle won by Clovis I and Velay came under Frankish rule. On Clovis' death in 511, his kingdom was divided among his four sons, and Velay was included in the part of the king of Austrasia , then part of the French kingdom. These subdivisions were united under

240-700: The auspices of his longest surviving son Chlothar I , only to be split again under his four sons at his death. It was reunited once more under Chlothar II who became the sole ruler of the Frankish people in 613. In about 928, the area became a fiefdom of the Count of Toulouse , and later came under the control of the Count of Poitiers . In 1137, Eleanor of Aquitaine succeeded to the Duchy of Aquitaine and her marriage to Henry, Duke of Normandy, who later became Henry II of England , brought Auvergne under English rule. By

264-427: The commune, was the birthplace of Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette in 1757. Originally named Chavaniac, the commune was renamed Chavaniac-Lafayette in 1884 in honor of its most famous resident. The department has attractive landscapes and is popular with tourists. Le Puy-en-Velay has a historic cathedral at which pilgrims gather before starting their journey to Santiago de Compostela . The cathedral has been

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288-523: The control of a Gaulish tribe called Vellavi and at the time of Julius Caesar 's Gallic Wars , this area lay on the border of Gallia Narbonensis . The area became a Roman province in 121 BC, originally under the name Gallia Transalpina (Transalpine Gaul). The name distinguished it from Cisalpine Gaul on the near side of the Alps to Rome. In 40 BC, during the Second Triumvirate , Lepidus

312-507: The department, centred on Le Puy-en-Velay , used to be part of the former province of Languedoc and is known as Velay. The geographical distance from Toulouse had allowed this region to enjoy a great deal of autonomy. During the Second World War, French partisans aided by Allied supply drops and leaders were able to liberate the province from Germans. By mid-August 1944 five weeks after the invasion at Normandy, Le Puy-en-Velay

336-678: The end of the thirteenth century the area was known as the Dauphiné d’Auvergne. Haute-Loire is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790, by order of the National Constituent Assembly . The new departments were to be uniformly administered and approximately equal to one another in size and population. Haute-Loire was formed from parts of the former provinces of Auvergne , Languedoc , and Lyonnais . Two thirds of

360-520: The last 10,000 years, these central mountains are separated from the Alps by a deep north–south cleft created by the Rhône river and known in French as the sillon rhodanien (literally "Rhône furrow"). The region was a barrier to transport within France until the opening of the A75 motorway , which not only made north–south travel easier but also opened access to the massif itself. The Massif Central

384-410: The region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes . The capital and largest town in the department is Le Puy-en-Velay . To the north of Haute-Loire lie Puy-de-Dôme and Loire , to the east lies Ardèche , to the south lies Lozère and to the west lies Cantal . The river Loire rises in the southern part of the department and flows northwards, creating a wide valley. On either side of this lie ranges of mountains in

408-686: The south and in the east ( Cévennes ) dominating the valley of the Rhône and the plains of Languedoc and, by contrast, the less elevated region of Limousin in the northwest. These tectonic movements created faults and may be at the origin of the volcanism in the massif (but the hypothesis is not proved yet). In fact, above the crystalline foundation, one can observe many volcanoes of many different types and ages: volcanic plateaus ( Aubrac , Cézallier ), stratovolcanoes ( Mounts of Cantal , Monts Dore ), and small, very recent monogenic volcanoes ( Chaîne des Puys , Vivarais ). The entire region contains

432-600: The south of Dauphiné , the reason probably being associated with the trade links between the two regions. The most populous commune is Le Puy-en-Velay , the prefecture. As of 2019, there are 6 communes with more than 5,000 inhabitants: The president of the Departmental Council is Marie-Agnès Petit, elected in July 2021. Claude-Jean Allouez (1622–1689) was born in Saint-Didier-en-Velay. He

456-756: The south, one remarkable region is made up of features called Causses in French and consists of raised limestone plateaus cut by very deep canyons. The most famous of them is the Gorges du Tarn (Tarn Canyon). Mountain ranges, with notable individual mountains, are (roughly north to south): The following departments are generally considered as part of the Massif Central : Allier , Ardèche , Aude , Aveyron , Cantal , Corrèze , Creuse , Gard , Haute-Garonne , Haute-Loire , Haute-Vienne , Hérault , Loire , Lot , Lozère , Puy-de-Dôme , Rhône , Saône-et-Loire , Tarn , and Tarn-et-Garonne ; these form parts of

480-653: The upper reaches of the Loire and consists of the Loire Valley and the surrounding mountains in the Massif Central . It is one of the original 83 departments of France created in 1790 during the French Revolution. Parts of the department are included in the Livradois-Forez Regional Natural Park . The first known inhabitants of this region were hunter-gatherers and it was later occupied by pastoralists, shepherds living in caves or simple huts. It later came under

504-497: The world's third-largest seed producer and cheese-producing industries that export to the world such as Cantal and Roquefort ). On the agricultural level, the Limagne plain is dominated by major cereal crops, but in the mountains, it is mainly livestock farming that predominates: cattle farming in the west for meat and milk (Cantal cheese), sheep farming in the south on the limestone plateaus (Roquefort cheese). Finally, tourism

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528-513: Was a Jesuit missionary and explorer in North America who is said to have converted ten thousand Native Americans . The town of Allouez, Wisconsin is named after him. The de Polignac family has its historic seat in the department, and various descendants of General Lafayette were senators for this region in the nineteenth century. The black metal band Peste Noire comes from the city La Chaise-Dieu. The Château de Chavaniac , located in

552-462: Was besieged. Roads, railroad and telephone lines were cut. On 18 August, the Germans attempted to escape in a fifty-truck convoy. Five hundred were captured, and about 150 killed in a massive ambush. The town fell the next day. Estivareilles in nearby Loire fell on 22 August. Paris was captured by conventional forces on 24 August. Haute-Loire is a department in south central France and is part of

576-591: Was given responsibility for Narbonese Gaul (along with Hispania and Africa), while Mark Antony was given the balance of Gaul. The area was ravaged by barbarian invasions in the last years of the Roman Empire, and Galla Narbonensis and surrounding areas were incorporated into the Visigothic Kingdom between 462 and 477 AD, permanently ending the political control of Rome. After the Gothic takeover,

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