Goalpara region , largely congruous to the historical undivided Goalpara district , is a region that is associated with the people and culture of Goalpara. It is bounded on the north by Bhutan , on the east by the Kamrup region , in the south by Meghalaya and in the west by Cooch Behar and Jalpaiguri in West Bengal and Rangpur in Bangladesh . The natural landmarks are: Sankosh and Brahmaputra rivers on the west, the Manas River on the east in the north bank, and a corresponding region in the south bank; the Garo Hills in the south and Bhutan Hills in the north.
33-561: Goalpariya may refer to: anything associated with the Goalpara region of northeastern India Goalpariya dialect , the dialects spoken in the undivided Goalpara Goalpariya people , the native speakers of Goalpariya Goalpariya Lokgeet , the folk songs in Goalpariya Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
66-520: A district in 1833 it came to be known after its headquarters which was in Goalpara town. A portion of the Assam Dooars areas were added to this district after the Bhutan war of 1865. A majority of the people belong to Koch Rajbanshi speaking Rangpuri language who are converts from Mech , Rabha communities in earlier times. Goalpariya dialect spoken here is a part of Rajbongshi which
99-417: A few practicing the traditional animist religion, Songsarek . The latter includes deities who must be appeased with rituals, ceremonies, and animal sacrifices to ensure the welfare of the tribe. Ramke W. Momin was the first Christian Garo member and was born in Goalpara district in the 1830s. In Bangladesh, 56.02% of Garos consider themselves practitioners of Christianity, while 40.07% are Hindu and
132-564: A kind of long drum called dama in groups and play bamboo flutes. The nominals with colorful costumes dance to the tune of dama and folk songs in a circle. The Wangala festival is held by Garo in Dhaka every year, usually in November or December. It is estimated that 30,000 Garo are living in Dhaka, and this festival is one way that they can be seen to preserve Garo Culture and traditions . For
165-428: A smaller number in neighbouring Bangladesh . Historically, the name Garo was used for a large number of different peoples living on the southern bank of Brahmaputra River , but now refers primarily to those who call themselves A∙chik Mande (literally " hill people ," from A∙chik "bite soil" + mande "people") or simply A∙chik or Mande and the name "Garo" is now being used by outsiders as an exonym . They are
198-591: Is a constituent of the Assamese language . Assamese Brahmins and Kayastha communities are small, and even the Kalitas , who have a dominating presence in the adjoining Kamrup region , are not as significant. The Bodos form a strong presence in the region. Traditionally, they are called Kacharis in the south and in the rest of Assam , but called Mech in the north bank of the Brahmaputra River and
231-952: Is active in about 480 villages in and around Garo Hills. The Garo are mainly distributed over the Garo Hills , Khasi Hills , Ri-Bhoi districts in Meghalaya , Kamrup , Goalpara , Sivasagar , and Karbi Anglong districts of Assam , in India. In Bangladesh, lesser numbers are found in Tangail , Jamalpur , Sherpur , Mymensingh , Netrokona , Sunamganj , Sylhet and Gazipur with the highest concentration in Haluaghat Upazila and Dhobaura of Mymensingh district , Durgapur upazila and Kalmakanda upazila of Netrokona district , Nalitabari upazila and Jhenaigati upazila of Sherpur and Madhupur upazila of Tangail district . It
264-778: Is also amSouvenir publication from the Nokma Parishad where the Prime Minister's Message is included. It is a festival of great significance for the Garo in Dhaka. Though Christmas is a religious celebration, December is a great season of celebration in Garo Hills. In the first week of December, the town of Tura and all other smaller towns are illuminated with lights. This celebration features worship, dance, merry-making, grand feasts, and social visits goes on till 10 January. People from all religions and sections take part in
297-399: Is eaten less often, the flesh of wild animals, beef The Garo have traditionally used a kind of potash in curries, which is obtained by burning dry pieces of plantain stems or young bamboo, known locally as kalchi or katchi . After these stems are burnt, the ashes are collected and dipped in water; these ashes are then strained in conical shapes in a bamboo strainer. However, cooking soda
330-912: Is estimated that the total Garo population in Meghalaya, Assam, Nagaland, Tripura, West Bengal, Canada, the US, Europe, Australia, and Bangladesh combined is more than 1 million. Garo is also found scattered in the Indian state of Tripura . The recorded Garo population was around 6,000 in 1971. Garo form minority groups in Cooch Behar , Jalpaiguri , Darjeeling and West Dinajpur of West Bengal , as well as in Nagaland . The present generation of Garo forming minority groups in these states of India does not generally speak their ethnic language any longer. Garo also forms small communities in various other parts of
363-510: Is more commonly used as a replacement for this 'ash water' by Garo nowadays. Garo are known to ferment a special type of rice to create a liquor named "Minil Bichi". This 'country liquor' plays an important role in the life of the Garo . Chu: The Holy wine of Garo society : The sacred drink of the Garos is Chu. Garo children are given it to drink at birth, and visiting guests are traditionally offered it as well. Most Garo festivals are based on
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#1732786656865396-478: Is not insignificant, a distinction is made between the local indigenous ( deshi ) communities that are descendants of ethnic groups convert, and non-local immigrant ( bhatiya ) who have immigrated in recent times from downstream East Bengal (Bangladesh). Garo people The Garo people are a Tibeto-Burman ethnic group who live mostly in the Northeast Indian state of Meghalaya with
429-536: The Christmas celebration. In December 2003 the tallest Christmas tree in the world was erected at Dobasipara, Tura by the Baptist boys of Dobasipara. Its height was 119.3 feet, covered by BBC and widely broadcast on television. The tree was decorated with 16,319 colored light bulbs; it took about 14 days to complete the decoration. The annual festival, conceptualized in 2008, is aimed to promote and brand this part of
462-472: The East India Company as follows: "... looked upon as bloodthirsty savages, who inhabited a tract of hills covered with almost impenetrable jungle, the climate of which was considered so deadly as to make it impossible for a white man to live there. The Garo had the reputation of being fierce headhunters, the social status of a man being decided by the number of heads he owned". In December 1872,
495-424: The Garo tribe vary depending on the place of residence of the people. Women who belong to remote villages in the Garo hills wear an eking, a small cloth worn around the waist. Clothing : The traditional dress of Garo Women is Dakmanda, Dakshari. But in the present day, jeans, Sari, T-shirts, and pajamas are also worn. By contrast, Garo men wear jeans, T-shirts, and shirts. Weapons : Garo have their weapons. One of
528-515: The Government of India dispatched a military expedition to the Garo Hills to establish control over the region. The campaign was conducted from three sides – south, east, and west. The Garo warriors ( matgriks ) confronted them at the Battle of Rongrenggre, equipped with spears, swords, and shields. Inevitably, the Garo were defeated in the battle, lacking the guns or mortars of the army. By
561-622: The Wangala festival, Garo travels from every corner of the city to the Lalmatia Housing Society ground to gather and celebrate. Approximately 10,000 people attend the celebration. It is a vibrantly colorful rally with traditional dress, and drum performances. Speeches from special guests are also a highlight of the festival. The AMUA for Misi Saljon takes place by the original Kamal from villages. Display stalls are arranged with traditional food, dresses, and other materials. There
594-817: The agricultural cycle of crops. The harvesting festival Wangala is the biggest celebration of the tribe happening in the month of October or November every year. It is the thanksgiving after harvest in honor of the god Saljong , provider of nature's bounties. Other festivals include Gal·mak Goa , Agalmaka , etc. The '100-drum festival' is held in Asanang near Tura in the West Garo Hills , Meghalaya, India usually in October or November. Thousands of people, especially young people, gather at Asanang and celebrate Wangala. Garo girls known as nomil and boys (pante ) take part in 'Wangala' festivals. The pantes beat
627-489: The dialects of Garo people. The first translation of the Garo Bible was published in 1924 and the official language in schools and government offices is now English . According to oral tradition, the Garo first migrated to the Garo Hills from Tibet (referred to as Tibotgre) around 400 BC under the leadership of Jappa Jalimpa, Sukpa and Bongepa crossing the Brahmaputra River (Songdu Chibima) and tentatively settling in
660-533: The early 1900s, the American Baptist Mission was active in the area, working from Tura, Meghalaya . Two early histories of the Garo people were written by deputy commissioner for Eastern Bengal and Assam Major A. Playfair, The Garos (1909), and by Sinha T.C., The Psyche of Garos (1955). The Garo are one of the few remaining matrilineal societies in the world, and Garo individuals take their clan titles from their mothers. Traditionally,
693-459: The ending - para , e.g. Salmanpara, Asipara, Marakapara, etc. Para is a corruption of - bra , which was the result of a census error. Similarly, the village name Asipara is a corruption of the historical place name Asibra. However, the village is listed in census and government records under the name Asipara. This replacement of original names can be seen as a threat to Garo's cultural identity. Today, most Garos in India follow Christianity with
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#1732786656865726-608: The principal weapons is a two-edged sword called mil·am made of a single piece of iron from hilt to point. There is a cross-bar between the hilt and the blade where a bunch of ox's tail hair is attached. Other types of weapons include shield , spear , bow and arrow , axe , dagger , etc. Food and drink : The staple Garo food is rice . Kochu ( taro ), millet , maize , and tapioca are important substitutes for rice in times when it becomes scarce. Other foods such as kochu , dried fish, bamboo shoots, sorrell, sweet potato, pumpkin, gourd, and banana are also popular. Although meat
759-425: The region as a popular tourist destination by giving an opportunity for the local people to showcase their skills and expertise. The three-day fest features a gala event with a carnival, cultural show, food festival, rock concert, wine festival, angling competition, ethnic wear competition, children's fancy dress, DJ Nite, exhibitions, house, and other games. The entry forms for carnival and other events are available at
792-556: The remaining 3.71% are practitioners of Songsarek The religion of the ancestors of the Garo is Songsarek. The term "Dakbewal" is often used to describe Garo culture In 2000, the group called "Risi Jilma" was founded to safeguard the ancient Garo Songsarek religion. Seeing the Songsarek population in decline, youth from the Dadenggiri subdivision of Garo Hills felt the need to preserve the Songsarek culture. The Rishi Jilma group
825-434: The river valley. The Garo finally settled down in Garo Hills (East-West Garo Hills), finding providence and security in this uncharted territory and claiming it as their own. Records of the tribe by expanding Mughal armies and by East India Company officials in what is now Bangladesh wrote of the warlike nature of the people. The earliest written records about the Garo date from around 1800, and were described by officials of
858-612: The second-largest tribe in Meghalaya after the Khasi and comprise about a third of the local population. In addition to the Garo Hills population of the community in Meghalaya, there is also a significant number in the Khasi Hills and a smaller group in Assam and other neighboring states. A majority of Garo village or locality names end with - gre . For example, Dakopgre, Cherangre, Goeragre, Simsanggre, etc. There are also names with
891-474: The title Goalpariya . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Goalpariya&oldid=908169650 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Goalpara region In ancient times, it
924-598: The whole of North Bengal . Their strongest presence is in the present Kokrajhar district in the north bank. The Rabhas , who along with the Bodos, are a semi-Hinduized group concentrated in the south bank. The Garos and the Hajongs too are not insignificant in the south. The indigenous Keot (Kaibarta) people are present near the wetlands and riverine areas both in the North and South Bank. The Muslim population, which
957-678: The world including Canada, America, Australia, and the United Kingdom . The Garo language belongs to the Tibeto-Burman language family . Brief lists of Garo words were compiled by East India Company officials in 1800, and Garo acquired a Latin-based writing system in the late 19th century. This system was devised by American Baptist missionaries, based on a northeastern dialect of Garo . A·beng or Am·beng, Matabeng, Atong, Me·gam, Matchi, Dual [Matchi-Dual], Ruga, Chibok, Chisak, Gara, Gan·ching [Gara-Gan·ching], A·we etc are few among
990-475: The youngest daughter ( nokmechik ) inherits property from her mother. Sons leave their parents' house at puberty and are trained in the village bachelor dormitory ( nokpante ). After getting married, the man lives in his wife's house. In Garo tradition, the house where unmarried male youths live is called Nokpante. Traditionally, women were forbidden from entering the Nokpante, and any woman who broke this rule
1023-563: Was a part of a division of the Kamarupa kingdom . After the fall of the Kamarupa dynasties Sandhya, a later Kamarupa king, moved his capital from Kamarupanagara (present-day Guwahati ) to Kamatapur (near Cooch Behar town) in the middle of the 13th century, and established the Kamata kingdom . This situation prevailed till the time of Naranarayana, when it became a part of Koch Hajo . It
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1056-566: Was considered tainted or "marang nangjok." However, this taboo is less common in the present day . Despite the matrilineal nature of Garo society, it can not accurately be described as matriarchal. While the property is owned by women, the governing of society and domestic affairs and the management of the property is carried out by men. While Garo people have traditional names, modern Garo culture has been greatly influenced by Christianity. Ornaments : Both men and women enjoy adorning themselves with ornaments: The dresses of Meghalaya worn by
1089-816: Was defined as an administrative unit for the first time in the 17th century when it was called Sarkar Dhekuri under the Bengal Subah of the Mughals . After the transfer of the Bengal Diwani to the East India Company , the Goalpara region, minus the Assam Dooars, then under Bhutan , came to be called Rangamatty, and after 1816, "Northeast Rangpur". When the British constituted this as
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