Gogodala is the name of an ethnic/language group from the Middle Fly District of the Western Province of Papua New Guinea . They speak the Gogodala language , which belongs to the Trans-New Guinea language family. It is one of about a thousand distinct ethnic groups in the country, each which has its own language and culture.
32-454: Gogodala may refer to: Gogodala people , a people of Papua New Guinea Gogodala languages or Gogodala–Suki languages, Papuan languages Gogodala language Gogodala Rural LLG , Papua New Guinea Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Gogodala . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
64-628: A diet of sago. Any starch can be pearled by heating and stirring small aggregates of moist starch, producing partly gelatinized dry kernels that swell but remain intact on boiling. Pearl sago closely resembles pearl tapioca . Both are typically small (about 2 mm diameter) dry, opaque balls. Both may be white (if very pure) or colored naturally gray, brown or black, or artificially pink, yellow, green, etc. When soaked and cooked, both become much larger, translucent, soft and spongy. Both are widely used in Indian , Bangladeshi and Sri Lankan cuisine in
96-422: A variety of dishes and around the world, usually in puddings . In India , it is used in a variety of dishes such as desserts boiled with sweetened milk on occasion of religious fasts. The Penan people of Borneo have sago from Eugeissona palms as their staple carbohydrate. Sago starch is also used to treat fiber in a process is called sizing , which makes fibers easier to machine. The process helps to bind
128-526: Is a starch extracted from the pith , or spongy core tissue, of various tropical palm stems, especially those of Metroxylon sagu . It is a major staple food for the lowland peoples of New Guinea and the Maluku Islands , where it is called saksak , rabia and sagu . The largest supply of sago comes from Southeast Asia, particularly Indonesia and Malaysia. Large quantities of sago are sent to Europe and North America for cooking purposes. It
160-509: Is a slow-growing wild or ornamental plant . Its common names "sago palm" and "king sago palm" are misnomers as cycads are not palms . Processed starch known as sago is made from this and other cycads. It is a less-common food source for some peoples of the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Unlike palms, cycads are highly poisonous: most parts of the plant contain the neurotoxins cycasin and BMAA . Consumption of cycad seeds has been implicated in
192-537: Is extremely difficult to properly enforce the law. Since the law remains tough to enforce, cultures rely mainly on religion to establish norms and customs. While originally there was a very strong opposition to the establishment of the churches, because of missionaries and the creation of the Evangelical Church of Papua , in 2003 over 90% of the 25,000 Gogodala claimed to be Christian. Ever since its establishment, Christianity has caused immense changes on
224-569: Is kneaded in water over a cloth or sieve to release the starch. The water with the starch passes into a trough where the starch settles. After a few washings, the starch is ready to be used in cooking. A single palm yields about 360 kilograms (800 pounds) of dry starch. Sago was noted by the Chinese historian Zhao Rukuo (1170–1231) during the Song dynasty . In his Zhu Fan Zhi (1225), a collection of descriptions of foreign countries, he writes that
256-516: Is located along a river in order to have access to this transportation, in addition to fishing and using the river for water. The network of rivers and water channels enable the Gogodola to have access to a wide area. Their origin story says that the Gogodala ancestors traveled to this area in large canoes. The Gogodala trace their lineage to the original members of clans who settled in the area at
288-470: Is needed. Work for men ranges from paid employment in Balimo to hunting, making gardens, building houses, constructing canoes, clearing land, and cutting grass. Jobs for women include rearing children, "cooking, fishing, making sago , sago bags, grass mats and fishing baskets , collecting firewood and other bush materials for use in the house, caring for animals and maintaining the house." (Wilde 2004) Although
320-625: Is often the most ecologically appropriate form of land-use and the nutritional deficiencies of the food can often be compensated for with other readily available foods. Sago starch can be baked (resulting in a product analogous to bread, pancake, or biscuit) or mixed with boiling water to form a paste. It is a main staple of many traditional communities in New Guinea and Maluku in the form of papeda , Borneo , South Sulawesi (most known in Luwu Regency ) and Sumatra . In Palembang , sago
352-435: Is one of the ingredients to make pempek . In Brunei , it is used for making the popular local dish called the ambuyat . It is also used commercially in making noodles and white bread . Sago starch can also be used as a thickener for other dishes. It can be made into steamed puddings such as sago plum pudding. In Malaysia, the traditional food " keropok lekor " (fish cracker) uses sago as one of its main ingredients. In
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#1732776096184384-400: Is replaced by another sucker, with up to 1.5 m of vertical stem growth per year. The stems are thick and are either self-supporting or have a moderate climbing habit ; the leaves are pinnate . Each palm trunk produces a single inflorescence at its tip at the end of its life. Sago palms are harvested at the age of 7–15 years, just before or shortly after the inflorescence appears and when
416-459: Is the substance responsible for bodily efficacy and health." (Wilde 2004) From this notion the Gogodala derived that a person's kamali is seen through his work. Villagers are characterized by how they work in activities such as house-building, sago making, hunting and gardening . In the Gogodala tribes, work is divided along gender lines, with responsibilities based around extended families. Both men and women work and provide assistance when it
448-899: Is then washed carefully and repeatedly to leach out the natural toxins. The starchy residue is then dried and cooked, producing a starch similar to palm sago/sabudana. In many countries including Australia, Brazil, and India, tapioca pearls made from cassava root are also referred to as sago , sagu , sabudana , etc. Sago from Metroxylon palms is nearly pure carbohydrate and has very little protein, vitamins, or minerals. 100 grams ( 3 + 1 ⁄ 2 ounces) of dry sago typically comprises 94 grams of carbohydrate, 0.2 grams of protein, 0.5 grams of dietary fiber, 10 mg of calcium, 1.2 mg of iron and negligible amounts of fat, carotene, thiamine and ascorbic acid and yields approximately 1,490 kilojoules (355 kilocalories) of food energy . Sago palms are typically found in areas unsuited for other forms of agriculture, so sago cultivation
480-419: Is traditionally cooked and eaten in various forms, such as rolled into balls, mixed with boiling water to form a glue-like paste ( papeda ), or as a pancake . Sago is often produced commercially in the form of "pearls" (small rounded starch aggregates, partly gelatinized by heating). Sago pearls can be boiled with water or milk and sugar to make a sweet sago pudding . Sago pearls are similar in appearance to
512-505: Is very important in Gogodala culture to consume sago. (Dundon 2002) Since the Gogodala are a part of Papua New Guinea, they are governed by a Parliament that follows English common Law . The main goal of the courts was to determine certain customs that could be established throughout the whole country but that at the same time would not infringe on the many cultures. Because of the many different cultures in Papua New Guinea, it
544-735: The Aramia River to the lower Fly River , and it is the most populous Local-Level Government area in the province. Their territory is divided into West, East and Fly areas. The Gogodala occupy mostly the flat terrain and the floodplain areas. (Wilde 2004) Canoes are a very important part of the Gogodala culture. "The Gogodala use of dugout canoes for everyday activities such as fishing, collecting firewood, carrying house posts, transporting sago and garden produce, people also characterize themselves as metaphorically 'being inside', or standing inside, their clan canoe." (Wilde 2004) Canoes are an important means of transport and an aid to hunting. The tribe
576-687: The kingdom of Boni "produces no wheat, but hemp and rice, and they use sha-hu (sago) for grain". The sago palm, Metroxylon sagu , is found in tropical lowland forest and freshwater swamps across Southeast Asia and New Guinea and is the primary source of sago. It tolerates a wide variety of soils and may reach 30 meters in height (including the leaves). Several other species of the genus Metroxylon , particularly Metroxylon salomonense and Metroxylon amicarum , are also used as sources of sago throughout Melanesia and Micronesia . Sago palms grow very quickly, in clumps of different ages similar to bananas, one sucker matures, then flowers and dies. It
608-404: The Gogodala "desire the benefits of money, clothes, food, houses, water tanks, electricity and store goods that town people enjoy, town people lament the loss of freedom afforded by the village lifestyle". (Wilde 2004) The production and preparation of sago, for which women are normally responsible, is important work. Since Gogodala villages are normally near swamps and lagoons, they have access to
640-547: The Gogodala. As Christianity became established, missionaries banned smoking tobacco and drinking of kava , which were grown locally. Missionaries also determined that objects and dances that were associated with male initiatory processes , mainly those associated with Aida ceremonies, were not suitable for Christianity. Thus, missionaries and Gogodala Christians traveled to neighboring villages and emphasized that these traditions and objects be banned and destroyed. (Dundon 2002) Sago Sago ( / ˈ s eɪ ɡ oʊ / )
672-465: The fiber, give it a predictable slip for running on metal, standardize the level of hydration of the fiber and give the textile more body. Most of the natural based cloth and clothing has been sized; this leaves a residue which is removed in the first wash. Because many traditional people rely on sago-palm as their main food staple and because supplies are finite, in some areas commercial or industrial harvesting of wild stands of sago-palm can conflict with
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#1732776096184704-416: The life cycle of the tree and exhausts the starch reserves in the trunk to produce the seeds to the point of death, leaving a hollow shell. The palms are cut down when they are about 15 years old, just before or shortly after the inflorescence appears. The stems, which grow 10 to 15 meters (35 to 50 feet) high, are split out. The starch-containing pith is taken from the stems and ground to powder. The powder
736-488: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gogodala&oldid=1189237856 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Gogodala people The Gogodala are a tribe of approximately 25,000, located in 33 villages in Papua New Guinea. Their territory extends from
768-482: The making of the popular keropok lekor of Losong in Kuala Terengganu , each kilogram of fish meat is mixed with half a kilogram of fine sago, with a little salt added for flavour. Tons of raw sago are imported each year into Malaysia to support the keropok lekor industry. In 1805, two captured crew members of the shipwrecked schooner Betsey were kept alive until their escape from an undetermined island on
800-468: The outbreak of Parkinson's disease -like neurological disorder in Guam and other locations in the Pacific. Thus, before any part of the plant may safely be eaten the toxins must be removed through extended processing. Sago is extracted from the sago cycad by cutting the pith from the stem, root and seeds of the cycads, grinding the pith to a coarse flour , before being dried, pounded, and soaked. The starch
832-432: The pearled starches of other origin, e.g. cassava starch ( tapioca ) and potato starch. They may be used interchangeably in some dishes, and tapioca pearls are often marketed as "sago", since they are much cheaper to produce. Compared to tapioca pearls, real sago pearls are off-white, uneven in size, brittle and cook very quickly. The name sago is also sometimes used for starch extracted from other sources, especially
864-401: The primary ancestor and clan canoe. The premise of this clan and canoe system is a marriage practice that continues to be organized along the lines of a prescribed clan exchange system, referred to elsewhere as 'sister-exchange'." (Wilde 2004) For males in the Gogodala tribe, their lives are determined by their power or strength, which they call kamali. "An entity that resides in blood, kamali
896-503: The proper conditions for growing sago palms. The women often have to travel distances to reach their areas for cultivating the palms. "Women are primarily responsible for the production and preparation of sago, from cutting down the palm, to cooking and preparing the sago flour for eating." (Dundon 2002) According to the oral history of the people, a male ancestor brought the original sago with him and cultivated it in certain areas for others to collect. If eaten correctly, Sago gives energy. It
928-436: The sago cycad, Cycas revoluta . The sago cycad is also commonly known as the sago palm, although this is a misnomer as cycads are not palms . Extracting edible starch from the sago cycad requires special care due to the poisonous nature of cycads. Cycad sago is used for many of the same purposes as palm sago. The fruit of palm trees from which the sago is produced is not allowed to ripen fully, as full ripening completes
960-458: The stems are full of starch stored for use in reproduction. One palm can yield 150–300 kg of starch. Sago is extracted from Metroxylon palms by splitting the stem lengthwise and removing the pith which is then crushed and kneaded to release the starch before being washed and strained to extract the starch from the fibrous residue. The raw starch suspension in water is then collected in a settling container. The sago cycad, Cycas revoluta ,
992-465: The time. They also trace their lineage to the canoes which their ancestors used to travel there. (Wilde 2004) Until the mid-twentieth century, Gogodala villages typically consisted of a single communal thatched-roof longhouse, often more than 100 m. in length. The longhouse at Isago, constructed in the 1950s, was three stories tall and 127.7 m. long. It was pulled down in 1979. The Gogodala now live in smaller one- or two-room thatched huts scattered about
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1024-420: The village site. (Baldwin 1989) The Gogodala have a clan-based kinship system. They trace their origins to the eight clans said to originate from Ibali, the father of the Gogodala. It is said that he gave a powerful canoe to each of his eight sons, who were the patriarchs of eight clans. "Within each of the eight clans, people are further divided into several sub-clans, or canoes, which trace their lineage back to
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