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30-654: Gorham Academy was a preparatory school for boys and girls in Gorham, Maine . In 1802, Hon. Stephen Longfellow presented a petition in favor of an academy in Gorham to the Massachusetts State Legislature. Governor Caleb Strong approved an act incorporating the Academy on March 5, 1803. The academy was to be for education of both sexes. The first meeting of the Board of Trustees was on June 1 of

60-504: A male householder with no wife present, and 28.9% were non-families. 21.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.59 and the average family size was 3.03. The median age in the town was 38 years. 22.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 15% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.8% were from 25 to 44; 27.8% were from 45 to 64; and 11.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of

90-570: A plethora of recreational activities such as trails for hiking and a river for kayaking, canoeing and swimming. According to the United States Census Bureau , the town has a total area of 51.29 square miles (132.84 km ), of which 50.62 square miles (131.11 km ) is land and 0.67 square miles (1.74 km ) is water. Gorham is drained by the Little River , Presumpscot River and Stroudwater River . The town

120-593: Is a land vehicle that slides across a surface, usually of ice or snow . It is built with either a smooth underside or a separate body supported by two or more smooth, relatively narrow, longitudinal runners similar in principle to skis . This reduces the amount of friction , which helps to carry heavy loads. Some designs are used to transport passengers or cargo across relatively level ground. Others are designed to go downhill for recreation, particularly by children, or competition (compare cross-country skiing with its downhill cousin ). Shades of meaning differentiating

150-468: Is limited snow, sleigh and sledge are given equal preference in local parlance. The word sled comes from Middle English sledde , which itself has the origins in Middle Dutch word slēde , meaning 'sliding' or 'slider'. The same word shares common ancestry with both sleigh and sledge . The word sleigh , on the other hand, is an anglicized form of the modern Dutch word slee and

180-461: Is served by U.S. Route 202 , and state routes 4 , 22 , 25 , 112 , 114 and 237 . It borders Buxton , Standish , Windham , Westbrook , and Scarborough . As of the census of 2010, there were 16,381 people, 5,719 households, and 4,064 families living in the town. The population density was 323.6 inhabitants per square mile (124.9/km ). There were 5,972 housing units at an average density of 118.0 per square mile (45.6/km ). The racial makeup of

210-652: The Philippines , a traditional carabao -drawn sled is known as the kangga . It is still used in place of wheeled carts over rough or muddy terrain, while also having the advantage of traveling over rice paddy dikes without destroying them. Some of these originally used draft animals but are now more likely to be pulled by an engine (snowmobile or tractor). Some use human power. Today some people use kites to tow exploration sleds. There are several types of recreational sleds designed for sliding down snowy hills ( sledding ): A few types of sleds are used only for

240-641: The Presumpscot River are now underwater, flooded with the construction of the Dundee Dam. In recent decades Gorham has increased in popularity as a bedroom community of Portland. Its residents and town officials have been confronted with various issues related to managing suburban growth in a historically rural town. Today, Gorham has grown from a small village to a flourishing town. Its popularity has attracted many new housing developments and businesses. Positioned near Sebago Lake, Gorham also offers

270-484: The Superintendent. The school district has three elementary schools (Village, Great Falls, and Narragansett), a middle school and a high school. For the 2011 to 2012 school year, the district had approximately 2,698 students enrolled. 43°40′46″N 70°26′39″W  /  43.67944°N 70.44417°W  / 43.67944; -70.44417 Sleigh A sled , skid , sledge , or sleigh

300-406: The average family size was 3.11. In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.9% under the age of 18, 13.7% from 18 to 24, 28.9% from 25 to 44, 21.5% from 45 to 64, and 10.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.2 males. The median income for a household in the town

330-509: The construction of their public works, in particular for the transportation of heavy obelisks over sand. Sleds and sledges were found in the Oseberg "Viking" ship excavation. The sledge was also highly prized, because – unlike wheeled vehicles – it was exempt from tolls. Until the late 19th century, a closed winter sled, or vozok , provided a high-speed means of transport through the snow-covered plains of European Russia and Siberia. It

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360-481: The first dwellings were constructed of logs chinked with moss and clay . Narragansett Number 7 suffered its first Indian raid in 1745 during King George's War , when the meeting house and Gorham's sawmill were burned. It was attacked again in 1746, when five colonists were killed and three abducted. Incursions during the French and Indian Wars would finally end, however, with the 1763 Treaty of Paris . The town

390-564: The general term but often implies a smaller device, often for recreational use. Sledge implies a heavier sled used for moving freight or massive objects. Sleigh refers more specifically than in Britain to a vehicle which is essentially a cold-season alternative to a carriage or wagon and has seating for passengers; what can be called a dog-sleigh in Britain is known only as a dog-sled in North America. In Australia , where there

420-407: The population. There were 4,875 households, out of which 38.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.2% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.6% were non-families. 20.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.67 and

450-442: The relevant sections in the articles on ice and ice skating . The traditional explanation of the pressure of sleds on the snow or ice producing a thin film of water and this enabling sleds to move on ice with little friction is insufficient. Various types of sleds are pulled by animals such as reindeer , horses, mules , oxen , or dogs. The people of Ancient Egypt are thought to have used sledges (aka "skids") extensively in

480-459: The same year, and on the 23rd of June, the legislature granted a half-township of land to the academy. In September 1806, work on the Federal style Academy Building , designed by Samuel Elder, was completed. Reuben Nason was inaugurated as the first preceptor, and 45 boys were admitted. 15 girls were admitted in the following year, and the total number of students was raised to 75. The academy

510-511: The three terms often reflect regional variations depending on historical uses and prevailing climate. In British English , sledge is the general term, and more common than sled . Toboggan is sometimes used synonymously with sledge but more often to refer to a particular type of sledge without runners. Sleigh refers to a moderate to large-sized, usually open-topped vehicle to carry passengers or goods, and typically drawn by horses, dogs, or reindeer. In American usage sled remains

540-581: The town was 48.3% male and 51.7% female. As of the census of 2000, there were 14,141 people, 4,875 households, and 3,529 families living in the town. The population density was 279.2 inhabitants per square mile (107.8/km ). There were 5,051 housing units at an average density of 99.7 per square mile (38.5/km ). The racial makeup of the town was 97.57% White , 0.42% Black or African American , 0.33% Native American , 0.64% Asian , 0.01% Pacific Islander , 0.17% from other races , and 0.87% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.60% of

570-417: The town was 96.5% White , 0.7% African American , 0.3% Native American , 0.9% Asian , 0.2% from other races , and 1.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.9% of the population. There were 5,719 households, of which 36.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.1% were married couples living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.0% had

600-529: Was $ 50,316, and the median income for a family was $ 55,434. Males had a median income of $ 37,828 versus $ 30,394 for females. The per capita income for the town was $ 21,174. About 5.1% of families and 7.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.7% of those under age 18 and 6.7% of those age 65 or over. Schools in Gorham are part of the Gorham School District. Heather Perry is

630-548: Was 18,336 at the 2020 United States Census . In addition to its urban village center known as Gorham Village or simply "the Village," the town encompasses a number of smaller, unincorporated villages and hamlets with distinct historical identities, including South Gorham, West Gorham, Little Falls , White Rock, and North Gorham. Gorham is home to one of the three campuses of the University of Southern Maine . In 2013, Gorham

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660-628: Was a means of transport preferred by royals, bishops, and boyars of Muscovy . Several royal vozoks of historical importance have been preserved in the Kremlin Armoury . Man-hauled sledges were the traditional means of transport on British exploring expeditions to the Arctic and Antarctic regions in the 19th and early 20th centuries, championed for example by Captain Scott . Dog sleds were used by most others, such as Roald Amundsen . In

690-481: Was also a box factory, corn - canning factory, paper pulp mill, brickyard , tannery , and granite and marble works. The Cumberland and Oxford Canal opened in 1829 connecting Casco Bay with Sebago Lake , although it would be discontinued in 1871, having been rendered obsolete by John A. Poor 's York and Cumberland Railroad (later the Boston and Maine Railroad ), which entered Gorham in 1851. The railroad

720-646: Was dismantled in 1961, but the former grade serves as a multi-use recreational trail . On September 12, 1870, the first train of the Portland and Ogdensburg Railroad (later part of the Maine Central Railroad Mountain Division ) traveled from Portland to Sebago Lake through White Rock. White Rock station closed in 1921. In 1803, Gorham Academy was founded. Designed by Samuel Elder, the Federal style Gorham Academy Building

750-406: Was erected in 1806. The institution would evolve into Western Maine Normal School, and later Gorham State Teachers College. Today, it is the University of Southern Maine at Gorham. Gorham currently has a much smaller industrial infrastructure than it did in earlier years. The majority of Gorham's industry is based along its border with Westbrook , and many of the mills that formerly existed along

780-439: Was incorporated as Gorham in 1764. It would annex land from Standish in 1831 and 1839, and from Scarborough in 1864. Good soil benefited agriculture, and numerous falls provided water power for industry. The town developed into a manufacturing center, with Portland serving as a nearby market. Products produced there included textiles, clothing, carpet, lumber , barrels , chairmans, carriages , wagons and sleighs . There

810-813: Was incorporated into the Gorham Normal School in the late 1870s, and the Academy Building is now on the campus of the University of Southern Maine , the successor institution of the Gorham Normal School. In 1973, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places for its fine Federal period architecture and its importance in local education. Gorham, Maine Gorham is a town in Cumberland County , Maine , United States. The population

840-550: Was introduced to the English language by Dutch immigrants to North America. Sleds are especially useful in winter but can also be drawn over wet fields, muddy roads, and even hard ground if one helps them along by greasing the blades ("grease the skids") with oil or alternatively wetting them with water. For an explanation of why sleds and other objects glide with various degrees of friction ranging from very little to fairly little friction on ice, icy snow, wet snow, and dry snow, see

870-616: Was one of seven townships granted by the Massachusetts General Court to soldiers (or their heirs) who had fought in the Narragansett War of 1675, also called King Philip's War . The land was first settled in 1736 by Captain John Phinney and his family, followed in 1738 by Hugh McLellan and Daniel Mosher. By 1743, the first sawmill was established by John Gorham at Little River. Without window-glass,

900-462: Was voted second-best town in Maine after Hampden by a financial website. Gorham is part of the Portland – South Portland – Biddeford , Maine metropolitan statistical area . Initially named Narragansett Number 7, the village was renamed Gorhamtown Plantation in honor of the famous New England Ranger John Gorham I, the great grandfather of John Gorham 4th . First called Narragansett Number 7, it

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