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15-415: The second German North Polar Expedition 1869–70 originally gave the name Cap Gauss to a point on the south side of this peninsula, but A.G. Nathorst 's 1899 expedition was unable to determine the position because of the rounding of the coast and applied the name Gauss Halfö to the peninsula as a whole. It is named after German mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss . The Gauss Peninsula is located between

30-532: A Danish ship. Adolf Pansch made an extensive botanical collection during the second expedition. Collected vascular plants were later treated by the botanists Franz Georg Philipp Buchenau and Wilhelm Olbers Focke , both from the University of Bremen . Sabine Island Sabine Island ( / ˈ s eɪ b ɪ n / SAY -bin ; Danish : Sabine Ø ) is an island to the northeast of Wollaston Foreland , previously known as Inner Pendulum Island . It

45-565: A great power. In 1866, German geographer August Petermann wrote a pamphlet strongly advocating German participation in the international quest for the North Pole, which stimulated a German expedition. The first expedition took place in the summer of 1868 and was led by Carl Koldewey on the vessel Grönland . The expedition explored some hitherto unknown coastal tracts of northeastern Spitsbergen , but did otherwise not lead to any new scientific knowledge. However, it served as preparation for

60-399: A month, dense pack ice was encountered at approximately 75.5° N. The two ships got separated by mistake. Germania made it through the pack ice thanks to its auxiliary engine and, during late summer, explored the region around Sabine , Little Pendulum , and Shannon Island . On 13 September 1869 it was anchored near the south coast of Sabine Island for wintering. During autumn and

75-664: Is in the Northeast Greenland National Park area. Sabine Island is 16 km (9.9 mi) long from Kap Neumayer in the north to Teddy Udkig in the south, and 14 km (8.7 mi) wide. The area measures 155.9 km (60.2 sq mi), and the shoreline 59.8 km (37.2 mi). The highest elevation is the 699 m (2,293 ft) high Keferstein. Other important peaks are Kronebjerg, Tafelbjerg and Søspidsen. Together with an islet named Walrus Island ( Danish : Hvalros Ø ) off its southern point, and Little Pendulum Island located to

90-607: Is located further to the east, beyond the Badland Valley (Badlanddal) . This Greenland location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . German North Polar Expedition The German North Polar Expeditions were a short series of mid-19th century German expeditions to the Arctic . The aim was to explore the North Pole region and to brand the newly united, Prussian -led German Empire as

105-584: The Kejser Franz Joseph Fjord , was undertaken. Germania managed to get through the pack ice and returned to Bremerhaven , most of the way by sail after the engine broke, on 11 September 1870. As the supply ship, the Hansa followed the Germania until 19 July, when Hegemann misread a flag signal by Koldewey and went ahead; the ship disappeared in the fog and got separated. The agreement

120-670: The Muskox Fjord (Moskusokse Fjord) and Kaiser Franz Joseph Fjord . The Nordfjord lies at its western end and Mackenzie Bay and Foster Bay of the Greenland Sea shore on its southeastern side. The peninsula is mountainous, with the Hjelm Range (Hjelmbjergene) located on the southern coast and the Giesecke Range (Giesecke Bjerge) located in the eastern part of the peninsula. Hold with Hope peninsula

135-544: The east, it constitutes the Pendulum Islands group. Numerous huts used by Inuit remain on the island. There is also a small Sabine Island in Melville Bay , Northwest Greenland, as Mr. Sabine was also on the 1818 Ross expedition to these parts. That exposed islet was the site of a U.S. LORAN station in the post-war era. The North East Greenland coast was colonized by Palaeo- and Neo-Eskimo groups in

150-439: The following spring, sledge trips were made Clavering Island and Tyrolerfjord to the south-west and as far north as Store Koldewey Island and Germania Land . In late July 1870, Germania was able to raise anchor and continue north, however, only to find the way blocked by pack ice. After eight days, it was decided to head south instead, and extensive exploration of the vast fjord systems of north-east Greenland, most notably

165-768: The island in 1823. Sabine had been aboard the Clavering 1823 Arctic expedition, the only one to encounter living Inuit in Northeast Greenland. The Second German North Polar Expedition built a house at Germaniahafen on the south side. This station was later used by hunting expeditions. From August 1942 to June 1943, the German meteorological expedition Unternehmen Holzauge under the command of Captain Hermann Ritter, with headquarters in Hansa Bay on

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180-614: The past. The Inuit and their ancestors colonized and abandoned the area at least four times during the last four thousand years. There are remains of Inuit dwellings in Sabine Island that were first reported by Carl Koldewey during the Second German North Polar Expedition 1869–70. Sabine Island was named Sabine Insel by Koldewey's expedition after the geophysicist General Sir Edward Sabine , who carried out pendulum gravimetric experiments on

195-528: The sea ice southward along the eastern coast of Greenland. In June 1870, the crew got to the coast by boat and finally were able to land near Cape Discord at Iluileq , a barren island off Danell Fjord in the southeastern coast. From there they followed the shore southwards until they reached the Moravian Herrnhut mission at Friedrichsthal (modern Narsaq Kujalleq ) near Cape Farewell , from where they got back to Germany on 3 September 1870 on

210-470: The second expedition. The second expedition consisted of a two-vessel convoy: The crew included two medical doctors, who were also capable naturalists: Adolf Pansch on Germania and Reinhold Wilhelm Buchholz on Hansa ; astronomers and geophysicists Karl Nikolai Jensen Börgen and Ralph Copeland ; Austrian cartographer Julius von Payer and Austrian geologist Gustav Karl Laube . The expedition left Bremerhaven on 15 June 1869 and headed north. After

225-517: Was to meet in such a situation at Sabine Island . After unsuccessful attempts to get there, Hansa was inescapably stuck in the pack ice by mid-September 1869. During the next month, the ship was slowly milled by the ice and finally sank on 22 October at a position 70° 32’N, 21° W approximately 10 km from the East Greenland coast. The crew managed to survive the winter in a shelter built of coal dust briquettes, while drifting on

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