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26-478: Gaggia is an Italian manufacturer of coffee machines , especially espresso machines , in addition to small kitchen appliances . The company is owned by the Evoca Group. The founder, Giovanni Achille Gaggia (1895–1961), applied for a patent (patent number 365726) for the first modern steamless coffee machine on 5 September 1938, to be used commercially in his coffee bar. The machine forced water to flow over

52-750: A French press or coffee press ; in Britain and Ireland as a cafetière , after the brand, La Cafetière ; in New Zealand , Australia , and South Africa as a coffee plunger , and coffee brewed in it as plunger coffee . In Italian, it is known as a caffettiera a stantuffo ; in German as a Pressstempelkanne , Stempelkanne ("stamp pot"), Stabfilterkanne , Kaffeepresse ("coffee press") or Bistrokanne ; in French as cafetière à piston , or simply as cafetière (also

78-409: A French company, Household Articles Ltd. (La Cafetiere), a British company, and Bodum (Chambord), a Danish tableware and kitchenware company. The modern French press consists of a narrow cylindrical beaker , usually made of glass or clear plastic, equipped with a metal or plastic lid and plunger that fits tightly in the cylinder and has a fine stainless steel wire or nylon mesh filter. Coffee

104-406: A Paris metalsmith and a merchant, Henri-Otto Mayer and Jacques-Victor Delforge, patented a forerunner of the French press, that did not create a seal around the filter. A patent was filed by a Frenchman, Marcel-Pierre Paquet dit Jolbert, officially published on 5 August 1924. In 1928, a coffee press was created by Milanese designers Giulio Moneta and Attilio Calimani which had a spring to seal

130-433: A coarser grind, about the consistency of cooking salt . Finer coffee grounds, when immersed in water, have lower permeability, requiring an excessive amount of force to be applied by hand to lower the plunger and are more likely to seep through or around the perimeter of the press filter and into the coffee drink. Additionally, finer grounds will tend to over-extract and cause the coffee to taste bitter. Some writers give

156-521: A drip brew coffee filter , as finer grounds will seep through the press filter and into the drink. Because the coffee grounds remain in direct contact with the brewing water and the grounds are filtered from the water via a mesh instead of a paper filter, coffee brewed with the cafetiere captures more of the coffee's flavour and essential oils , which would become trapped in a traditional drip brew machine's paper filters. As with drip-brewed coffee, cafetiere coffee can be brewed to any strength by adjusting

182-450: A generous space—about 30  mm (1.2  in )—below the piston in its lowest position. If the brewed coffee is allowed to remain in the beaker with the used grounds, the coffee may become astringent and bitter, though this is an effect that some users of the French press consider desirable. French presses are more portable and self-contained than other coffee makers. Travel mug versions exist, which are made of tough plastic instead of

208-538: A heating element that can receive its power from a 12-volt power source. In the same way as coffee, a French press can also be used in place of a tea infuser to brew loose tea . To some extent the tea will continue to steep even after the plunger is depressed, which may cause the tea remaining in the press to become bitter. It might thus be advisable to decant the tea into a serving vessel after preparation. The same French press should not be used for both tea and coffee unless thoroughly cleaned, as coffee residue may spoil

234-437: A stainless steel version but without insulation. The decant known as decoction is mixed immediately with milk and sugar to make kaapi . One variation also called "French pull" or "reverse French press" uses a pull-design: the coffee grounds are placed in a mesh basket, which is then pulled into the lid after brewing, trapping the grounds out of the coffee. Others produce a similar effect by having shutters that can be closed via

260-472: Is a queue among the customers. Initially the coffee machines produced by Gaggia were exclusively for professional use, in 1977 the production was expanded to coffee machines for domestic use. Giovanni's son, Camillo, with his partner Armando Migliorini, expands the business on the Navigli but encounters economic difficulties. In 1989 the company, which has a turnover of over 56 billion lire, changes ownership and

286-413: Is brewed by placing coarsely ground coffee in the empty beaker and adding hot water, 93–96 °C (199–205 °F), in proportions of about 30  g (1.1  oz ) of coffee grounds to 500  ml (17  US fl oz ) of water, more or less to taste. After brewing, the plunger is depressed, holding down the coffee grounds while the coffee is served. A French press works best with coffee of

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312-522: Is sold to the Austro-American businessman Gerhard Andlingler. Gaggia has four product lines. They market automatic espresso machines, manual espresso machines, accessories, and coffee beans under the Gaggia brand name. The company continues to produce espresso machines (as well as accessories) from classic manual machines to the innovative semi-automatic and super-automatic models recently added to

338-563: The Gaggio Montano plant in Bologna. The company specialized in the production of machines for bars and restaurants and relaunched the Gaggia brand. Coffee machine A coffeemaker , coffee maker or coffee machine is a cooking appliance used to brew coffee . While there are many different types of coffeemakers, the two most common brewing principles use gravity or pressure to move hot water through coffee grounds. In

364-539: The 2000s. Cafetiere A French press , also known as a cafetière , cafetière à piston , caffettiera a stantuffo , press pot , coffee press , or coffee plunger , is a coffee brewing device, although it can also be used for other tasks. The earliest known device was patented in 1852 in France by Jacques-Victor Delforge and Henri-Otto Mayer. In English, the device is known in North America as

390-468: The amount of ground coffee which is brewed. If the used grounds remain in the drink after brewing, French pressed coffee left to stand can become "bitter", though this is an effect that many users of cafetiere consider beneficial. For a 1 ⁄ 2 -litre (0.11 imp gal; 0.13 US gal) cafetiere, the contents are considered spoiled, by some reports, after around 20 minutes. The single-serve or single-cup coffeemaker had gained popularity by

416-472: The coffee grounds are called espresso makers, and they produce espresso coffee. On 27 August 1930, Inez H. Peirce of Chicago, Illinois, filed her patent for the first vacuum coffee maker that truly automated the vacuum brewing process, while eliminating the need for a stovetop burner or liquid fuels. A cafetiere (coffee plunger, French press in US English) requires coffee of a coarser grind than does

442-641: The coffee grounds at a high pressure, producing the ' crema ' that is unique to espresso . The Gaggia company was founded in 1947 and formally incorporated in 1948. It first produced machines for commercial use, but shortly thereafter released the Gilda, its first home machine. Success comes when the Motta & Biffi bar in Galleria Vittorio Emanuele, in Milan, installs the Gaggia machine: there

468-610: The filter, and patented it in the United States in 1929. It underwent several design modifications through Faliero Bondanini, who patented his own version in 1958 and manufactured it in French clarinet factory Martin SA under the brand name Melior. Its popularity may have been aided in 1965 by its use in the Michael Caine film The Ipcress File . The device was litigated and further popularized across Europe by Melior-Martin,

494-739: The line. In 2007 the Milanese company went into crisis due to a drop in sales, with the risk of closing the Robecco plant and moving production to Romania and Gaggio Montano. Two years later, Gaggia follows the fate of its parent company Saeco, which is taken over by the Dutch multinational Philips. As of 2010, all Gaggia espresso and coffee machines are still manufactured in Milan at the Robecco Sul Naviglio factory. The 2015 Gaggia Classic

520-467: The more common glass, and have a sealed lid with a closable drinking hole. Some versions are marketed to hikers and backpackers not wishing to carry a heavy, metal percolator or a filter using drip brew . Other versions include stainless steel , insulated presses designed to keep the coffee hot, similar in design to thermos flasks. Coffee filters commonly used in South Indian households are

546-438: The most common devices, coffee grounds are placed into a paper or metal filter inside a funnel, which is set over a glass or ceramic coffee pot , a cooking pot in the kettle family. Cold water is poured into a separate chamber, which is then boiled and directed into the funnel and allowed to drip through the grounds under gravity. This is also called automatic drip-brew . Coffee makers that use pressure to force water through

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572-439: The optimal time for brewing as around four minutes. Other approaches, such as cold brewing , require several hours of contact between the water and the grounds to achieve the desired extraction. Plunging slowly prevents accidental scalding of the brewer and is purported to maximize the extraction of the oils and flavonoids from the ground bean. The mesh piston normally does not compress the coffee grounds, as most designs leave

598-487: The takeover by Philips most domestic espresso machines from Gaggia had aluminium boilers. Now they have stainless steel boilers. In 2017 Philips sold the Saeco Professional division, along with the Gaggia brand, to N&W Global Vending SpA, an Italian Bergamo based company known as a leader in vending machines for drinks and snacks. In November, 2017 N&W changed its name to Evoca Group, which revitalized

624-414: The top of the press, sealing the grounds off from the coffee entirely. French presses are also sometimes used to make cold brew coffee . Another variation using a basket to hold the coffee grounds is called "American press", where the hot water is filled in first and then the basket is slowly pushed down (and sometimes also pulled up again) through the water column. An all-in-one French press consists of

650-545: The usage in Dutch), though some speakers might also use genericized trademarks , such as Melior or Bodum . Over the years, the French press has undergone several design modifications. The first coffee press, which may have been made in France, was the modern coffee press in its rudimentary form—a metal or cheesecloth screen fitted to a rod that users would press into a pot of hot water and coffee grounds. In 1852, two Frenchmen,

676-514: Was built in Romania instead. The New Gaggia Classic is made in Italy again and uses an aluminum boiler. The Gaggia S.p. A company was purchased in 1999 by fellow Italian competitor Saeco International Group , which in turn was purchased by Dutch manufacturer Philips in 2009. Gaggia still operates a separate line but now is using Saeco designs in some of its domestic espresso machines . Before

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