In geology and physical geography , a plateau ( / p l ə ˈ t oʊ , p l æ ˈ t oʊ , ˈ p l æ t oʊ / ; French: [plato] ; pl. : plateaus or plateaux ), also called a high plain or a tableland , is an area of a highland consisting of flat terrain that is raised sharply above the surrounding area on at least one side. Often one or more sides have deep hills or escarpments . Plateaus can be formed by a number of processes, including upwelling of volcanic magma , extrusion of lava , and erosion by water and glaciers . Plateaus are classified according to their surrounding environment as intermontane, piedmont, or continental. A few plateaus may have a small flat top while others have wider ones.
33-755: Gamesley is a residential area within the Borough of High Peak in Derbyshire , England, west of Glossop and close to the River Etherow which forms the boundary with Tameside in Greater Manchester . Gamesley is a ward of the High Peak Borough Council . It had a population of 2,531 at the 2011 Census. Gamesley is the site of a Roman fort, Ardotalia , renamed "Melandra" in the 19th century by an amateur historian. It
66-553: A river was already there, though not necessarily on exactly the same course. Then, subterranean geological forces caused the land in that part of North America to gradually rise by about a centimeter per year for millions of years. An unusual balance occurred: the river that would become the Colorado River was able to erode into the crust of the Earth at a nearly equal rate to the uplift of the plateau. Now, millions of years later,
99-522: A solid concrete ground floor which had electrical underfloor heating installed' the first floors of these houses were built with no heating. Because electricity was the main energy source for heating, the George Wimpey side of Gamesley became known locally as the 'electric side'. Unlike the Finnegan part of the estate, which has seen full facelifts to the properties, little has changed externally to
132-622: Is divided into three main flat regions: the Bogotá savanna , the valleys of Ubaté and Chiquinquirá , and the valleys of Duitama and Sogamoso . The parallel Sierra of Andes delimit one of the world highest plateaux: the Altiplano , (Spanish for "high plain"), Andean Plateau or Bolivian Plateau. It lies in west-central South America, where the Andes are at their widest, is the most extensive area of high plateau on Earth outside of Tibet. The bulk of
165-644: Is open to the public every year under the National Gardens Scheme , as well as private visits. High Peak (borough) High Peak is a local government district with borough status in Derbyshire , England, covering a high moorland plateau in the Dark Peak area of the Peak District National Park. The district stretches from Holme Moss in the north to Sterndale Moor in the south, and from Hague Bar in
198-710: Is sometimes called the Roof of Africa due to its height and large area. Another example is the Highveld which is the portion of the South African inland plateau which has an altitude above approximately 1,500 metres, but below 2,100 metres, thus excluding the Lesotho mountain regions. It is home to some of the largest South African urban agglomerations . In Egypt are the Giza Plateau and Galala Mountain , which
231-545: Is the Scottish Highlands . Plateaus are classified according to their surrounding environment. The highest African plateau is the Ethiopian Highlands which cover the central part of Ethiopia. It forms the largest continuous area of its altitude in the continent, with little of its surface falling below 1,500 metres (4,921 ft), while the summits reach heights of up to 4,550 metres (14,928 ft). It
264-572: Is the home of more than 70 million people. The Western Plateau , part of the Australian Shield , is an ancient craton covering much of the continent's southwest, an area of some 700,000 square kilometres. It has an average elevation between 305 and 460 metres. The North Island Volcanic Plateau is an area of high land occupying much of the centre of the North Island of New Zealand, with volcanoes, lava plateaus, and crater lakes,
297-895: The Deccan Plateau (≈1,900,000 km (730,000 sq mi), elevation 300–600 metres (980–1,970 ft)). A large plateau in North America is the Colorado Plateau , which covers about 337,000 km (130,000 sq mi) in Colorado , Arizona , New Mexico , and Utah . In northern Arizona and southern Utah the Colorado Plateau is bisected by the Colorado River and the Grand Canyon . This came to be over 10 million years ago,
330-649: The Emley Moor transmitter. Radio stations for the area are: Local newspapers are the Buxton ;Advertiser , Peak Advertiser and Glossop Chronicle . 53°21′N 1°51′W / 53.35°N 1.85°W / 53.35; -1.85 Plateau Plateaus can be formed by a number of processes, including upwelling of volcanic magma, extrusion of lava, plate tectonics movements, and erosion by water and glaciers. Volcanic plateaus are produced by volcanic activity . The Columbia Plateau in
363-567: The " Roof of the World ", which is still being formed by the collisions of the Indo-Australian and Eurasian tectonic plates . The Tibetan Plateau covers approximately 2,500,000 km (970,000 sq mi), at about 5,000 m (16,000 ft) above sea level. The plateau is sufficiently high to reverse the Hadley cell convection cycles and to drive the monsoons of India towards
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#1732783877221396-688: The Altiplano lies within Bolivian and Peruvian territory while its southern parts lie in Chile. The Altiplano plateau hosts several cities like Puno, Oruro, El Alto and La Paz the administrative seat of Bolivia. Northeastern Altiplano is more humid than the Southwestern, the latter of which hosts several salares , or salt flats, due to its aridity. At the Bolivia-Peru border lies Lake Titicaca ,
429-556: The Finnegan system built houses; the works included re-enveloping the external building with traditional bricks and mortar. The works also added apex roofing complete with roofing tiles. The second half of the Gamesley estate was built a couple of years later by George Wimpey using the Wimpey no-fines house building method. The houses were constructed with full pebbledash finish and tiled apex roofing. The houses built by George Wimpey had
462-721: The North Rim of the Grand Canyon is at an elevation of about 2,450 m (8,040 ft) above sea level , and the South Rim of the Grand Canyon is about 2,150 m (7,050 ft) above sea level. At its deepest, the Colorado River is about 1,830 m (6,000 ft) below the level of the North Rim. Another high-altitude plateau in North America is the Mexican Plateau . With an area of 601,882 km (232,388 sq mi) and average height of 1,825 metres, it
495-767: The Trust's High Peak Estate include Kinder Scout , Odin Mine and Mam Tor . The following people and military units have received the Freedom of the Borough of High Peak. In terms of television, the area is served by BBC North West and ITV Granada broadcasting from the Winter Hill transmitter. Some eastern parts of the High Peak such as Hope Valley are served by BBC Yorkshire and ITV Yorkshire broadcasting from
528-761: The crust. Tectonic plateaus are formed by tectonic plate movements which cause uplift, and are normally of a considerable size, and a fairly uniform altitude. Examples are the Deccan Plateau in India and the Meseta Central on the Iberian Peninsula . Plateaus can also be formed by the erosional processes of glaciers on mountain ranges, leaving them sitting between the mountain ranges. Water can also erode mountains and other landforms down into plateaus. Dissected plateaus are highly eroded plateaus cut by rivers and broken by deep narrow valleys. An example
561-460: The districts of Derbyshire Dales , Cheshire East and Staffordshire Moorlands , and the Stockport , Tameside and Oldham metropolitan boroughs in Greater Manchester . The Metropolitan Borough of Oldham is only bordered by high moorland near Black Hill and is not accessible by road. There are five main areas of settlement in the borough: around Buxton in the south west, around New Mills in
594-666: The estate. The Trans Pennine Trail passes through Gamesley on its way from Southport to Hornsea . Gamesley is on the West section of the Trail, which is well signposted throughout the estate. A Roman Garden was established in 2006 with the help of the Countryside Agency 's 'Doorstep Greens' programme. The estate is home to Gamesley Fold Cottage Garden, a well-known garden and house dating back to 1650. The garden has been featured on television and in glossy magazines, and it
627-674: The gods" in the native tongue of the Pemon , the Indigenous people who inhabit the Gran Sabana . Tepuis can be considered minute plateaus and tend to be found as isolated entities rather than in connected ranges, which makes them the host of a unique array of endemic plant and animal species. Some of the most outstanding tepuis are Neblina , Autana , Auyan and Mount Roraima . They are typically composed of sheer blocks of Precambrian quartz arenite sandstone that rise abruptly from
660-477: The houses on the George Wimpey side. In late 2000s and early 2010s, all council-owned properties (and some privately owned properties if the owner choose to at their expense) had external insulation added to improve energy efficiency. The external insulation was finished with pebbledash. Gamesley staged events in July 2008 to mark the 40th anniversary since it was first built and people from Manchester began moving onto
693-492: The jungle, giving rise to spectacular natural scenery. Auyán-tepui is the source of Angel Falls , the world's tallest waterfall . The Colombian capital city of Bogota sits on an Andean plateau known as the Altiplano Cundiboyacense roughly the size of Switzerland. Averaging a height of 2,600 m (8,500 ft) above sea level, this northern Andean plateau is situated in the country's eastern range and
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#1732783877221726-443: The local textile mills, and it remained largely undeveloped until the 1960s, when it underwent considerable change. It was chosen as the location of an overspill estate , built by Manchester City Council . This was in order to rehouse people from decaying inner city areas of Manchester. These housing areas were also built in other towns surrounding Manchester, such as nearby Hattersley on the outskirts of Hyde . The Gamesley estate
759-601: The most notable of which is the country's largest lake, Lake Taupō . The plateau stretches approximately 100 km east to west and 130 km north to south. The majority of the plateau is more than 600 metres above sea level. A tepui ( / ˈ t ɛ p w i / ), or tepuy ( Spanish: [teˈpuj] ), is a table-top mountain or mesa found in the Guiana Highlands of South America, especially in Venezuela and western Guyana . The word tepui means "house of
792-442: The north-western United States is an example. They may be formed by upwelling of volcanic magma or extrusion of lava. The underlining mechanism in forming plateaus from upwelling starts when magma rises from the mantle , causing the ground to swell upward. In this way, large, flat areas of rock are uplifted to form a plateau. For plateaus formed by extrusion, the rock is built up from lava spreading outward from cracks and weak areas in
825-616: The same area as the current district. It may have derived its name from the ancient Forest of High Peak , a royal hunting reserve administered by William Peverel , a favourite of William I , who was based at Peak Castle . High Peak contains much of the Peak District National Park. The district contains the highest point in Derbyshire, Kinder Scout , which stands at 636m (2,087 ft) above sea level. Its settlements act as commuter centres for people who work in
858-866: The south. The Deosai Plains in Pakistan are situated at an average elevation of 4,114 meters (13,497 ft) above sea level. They are considered to be the second highest plateaus in the world. Other major plateaus in Asia are: Najd on the Arabian Peninsula , elevation 762 to 1,525 m (2,500 to 5,003 ft), Armenian Highlands (≈400,000 km (150,000 sq mi), elevation 900–2,100 metres (3,000–6,900 ft)), Iranian Plateau (≈3,700,000 km (1,400,000 sq mi), elevation 300–1,500 metres (980–4,920 ft)), Anatolian Plateau , Mongolian Plateau (≈2,600,000 km (1,000,000 sq mi), elevation 1,000–1,500 metres (3,300–4,900 ft)), and
891-480: The surrounding coastline through enormous glaciers . The polar ice cap is so massive that the echolocation measurements of ice thickness have shown that large areas are below sea level . But, as the ice melts, the land beneath will rebound through isostasy and ultimately rise above sea level. The largest and highest plateau in the world is the Tibetan Plateau , sometimes metaphorically described as
924-542: The surrounding counties and other parts of Derbyshire, owing to its proximity to Cheshire , Greater Manchester , South Yorkshire , Staffordshire and West Yorkshire . The borough was formed on 1 April 1974, covering the area of six former districts, which were abolished: The borough adjoins the metropolitan boroughs of Sheffield and Barnsley in South Yorkshire , Kirklees in West Yorkshire ,
957-489: The west to Bamford in the east. The population of the borough taken at the 2011 Census was 90,892. The borough is unusual in having two administrative centres for its council, High Peak Borough Council ; the offices are in Buxton and Glossop . Other towns include Chapel-en-le-Frith , Hadfield , New Mills and Whaley Bridge . High Peak was the name of a hundred of the ancient county of Derbyshire covering roughly
990-596: The west, around Glossop in the north west, around Whaley Bridge and Chapel-en-le-Frith in the central part of the borough, and the Hope Valley in the east. The northern part of the borough is close to the Manchester urban area. Settlements in the borough include: The National Trust is a major landowner in the district, owning extensive tracts of moorland and a number of farms, including some in Edale. Features of
1023-399: Was built in two halves. The first houses were built by contractors Finnegans which were constructed with flat felted roofs, pebbledash-clad ground floors and tile-cladded first floors. Finnegans' houses were equipped with warm air central heating that used gas as an energy source. The Finnegan side of the estate was known locally as the 'gas side'. In the late 1980s the local authority renovated
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1056-605: Was once called Gallayat Plateaus, rising 3,300 ft above sea level. Another very large plateau is the icy Antarctic Plateau , which is sometimes referred to as the Polar Plateau or King Haakon VII Plateau, home to the geographic South Pole and the Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station , which covers most of East Antarctica where there are no known mountains but rather 3,000 m (9,800 ft) high of superficial ice and which spreads very slowly toward
1089-469: Was one of a string of forts built along the route from Lincoln ( Lindum Colonia ) to Chester (Deva). It also lies on the route from Derby ( Derventio ) via Buxton ( Aquae Arnemetiae ) to Manchester ( Mamucium ) It was built about 108 AD in the reign of the Emperor Trajan and abandoned about 150–155 AD. The original village of Gamesley consisted of rows of cottages inhabited by workers at
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