59-538: Ganderbal is a city and the headquarters of Ganderbal district in the Indian-administered union territory of Jammu and Kashmir , in disputed Kashmir region. It is in Central Kashmir; and has an average elevation of 1,619 metres (5,312 feet). Ganderbal is bordered by district Srinagar District in the south, Bandipora District to the north, Kargil District (union territory of Ladakh ) in
118-415: A 30-kilometer road journey via Shadipur, Nasim, and Ganderbal. The road to Wular Lake , Kashmir's largest lake, passes through Manasbal, providing visitors with an opportunity to explore the region's diverse water bodies and natural landscapes. Prang village is 12 kilometres far from the central hub (beehama) of district Ganderbal, towards the east. Srinagar-Leh National Highway (NH 1D) passes right through
177-597: A chairperson and vice chairperson among themselves to preside over and conduct meetings. A chief officer, along with officers like an engineer, sanitary inspector, health officer, and education officer who come from the state public service are appointed by the state government to control the administrative affairs of the municipality. City Municipal Councils are known regionally by different names, including Town Municipal Council, Town Municipality, Nagar Palika, Nagarasabe, Purasabe, Nagara Sabha and Nagaraatchi. A Town Panchayat (also known as Nagar Panchayat or Town Board )
236-653: A distance of 30 kilometres. Ganderbal district The Ganderbal district , is an Indian -administered district in Jammu and Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region. It was formed in 2007 and has 6 subdistricts (tehsils): Kangan , Ganderbal , Tullamulla, Wakura , Lar , and Gund. There are many lakes in the Ganderbal district both plain and alpine varieties, which include over 100 alpine lakes . Plain lakes: Alpine lakes: Furthermore, Durinar Lake III (located at an elevation of 4,650 meters above sea level)
295-602: A form of local self-government, entrusted with some duties and responsibilities, as enshrined and guided upon by the Constitutional (74th Amendment) Act, 1992. Udaipur is a city which is big but its population is 451,000 so it has a Municipality. The members of the Municipal Councils are elected representatives for a term of five years. The town is divided into wards according to its population, and representatives are elected from each ward. The members elect
354-406: A greater degree of fiscal autonomy and functions, although the specific fiscal and functional powers vary across the states. These local governments have larger populations, a more diversified economic base, and deal with the state governments directly. On the other hand, municipalities or Nagar panchayats have less autonomy, smaller jurisdictions, and have to deal with the state governments through
413-881: A long list of functions delegated to them by the state governments under their respective municipal legislations. The Twelfth Schedule of Constitution (Article 243 w) provides an illustrative list of eighteen functions , that may be entrusted to the municipalities. Public health includes water supply , sewerage and sanitation , eradication of communicable diseases etc.; welfare includes public facilities such as education, recreation , etc.; regulatory functions related to prescribing and enforcing building regulations , encroachments on public land, birth registration and death certificate , etc.; public safety includes fire protection , street lighting , etc.; public works measures such as construction and maintenance of inner-city roads, etc.; and development functions related to town planning and development of commercial markets. In addition to
472-478: A nearby small lake (Nundkol) and then via Wangath nullah to Sindh River. The trout fishes are present in the lake. Gangabal lake is approached from Srinagar 45 kilometres (28 mi) by road via Ganderbal up to Naranag and then a 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) track upslope. Shallabugh Wetland, situated in the Shallabugh village of Kashmir valley, is a haven of natural beauty and ecological significance. It
531-567: A number of cities. These agencies usually undertake land acquisition and development works and take up remunerative projects such as markets and commercial complexes, etc. In terms of fiscal federalism , functions whose benefits largely confine to municipal jurisdictions and may be termed as the essentially municipal functions. Similarly, functions that involve substantial economics of scale or are of national interest may not be assigned to small local bodies. For valid reasons, certain functions of higher authorities are appropriate to be entrusted with
590-542: A significant role in shaping the educational landscape of Ganderbal and contribute to the academic development of the region. Ganderbal is well-connected by road to other places in Jammu and Kashmir and India by the NH 1 . Ganderbal is not connected with railways. The nearest railway station is Srinagar railway station located at a distance of 31 kilometres. The nearest airport is Sheikh ul-Alam International Airport located at
649-459: Is 259 km2. The mountainous Ganderbal district is spread across the Sind River . It is the only river in Jammu and Kashmir on which three hydroelectric power stations are functional, and provides water for irrigation. 80% of the population of the district is engaged with farming. The river sand (bajri), often mixed with cement, it produces is of high value. Harmukh is the highest peak in
SECTION 10
#1732773288533708-701: Is a form of an urban political unit in India comparable to a municipality. The composition of Town Panchayats varies across states, serving as the governing body for areas transitioning from 'rural' to 'urban'. Town Panchayats in Tamil Nadu are established based on a population range of above 5000 and below 30,000, categorized into grades determined by criteria including population and economic growth. In Bihar , Town Panchayats are constituted for populations ranging from above 12,000 to below 40,000, while in Karnataka ,
767-469: Is a temple dedicated to the goddess Bhavani , constructed over a spring in Tulmul village. The name of the temple is derived from both the rice pudding ( kheer ) that is used as an offering, and the goddess it is offered to. The Naranag Temple located near Harmukh Mountain, holds historical significance as an ancient pilgrimage site dedicated to Lord Shiva. Historians suggest that it was commissioned by
826-526: Is also traversed through Ganderbal district. Manasbal Lake famous for natural and purity of water as compared to other water lakes of the Kashmir Valley. Ganderbal is located at 34°14′N 74°47′E / 34.23°N 74.78°E / 34.23; 74.78 . It has an average elevation of 1,619 metres (5,312 feet) above sea level. It is bordered by the Srinagar district in
885-489: Is at the discretion of the states, considering factors such as total population, population density, non-agricultural employment, annual revenue generation, among other criteria. Municipal governance in India in its current form has existed since the year 1664. In 1664, Fort Kochi Municipality was established by Dutch, making it the first municipality in Indian subcontinent, which got dissolved when Dutch authority got weaker in
944-511: Is located in the Jhelum valley, north of Srinagar city. Named after Lake Manasarovar . it is encircled by three villages: Jarokbal, Kondabal and Ganderbal with a depth of 13 m or 43 ft one of the deepest lakes in the Kashmir valley. The lake is renowned for its large growth of lotus plants, which bloom during July and August, enhancing the beauty of its clear waters. Additionally,
1003-645: Is the highest altitude alpine lake in Kashmir, while Manasbal Lake (with a depth of 13 meters or 43 feet) is the deepest plain lake in Kashmir . Both lakes fall within the jurisdiction of the Ganderbal district. The rivers flowing within the jurisdiction of the Ganderbal district are: 1. Sind River - The primary river flowing through the district, originating from the Zoji La pass and running throughout Ganderbal. 2. Kishanganga / Neelum River - This river originates in vicinity of Sonamarg and flows onward across
1062-700: The Gangabal Lake in the vicinity of Kashmir Valley . It is more hazardous to reach Mount Haramukh from the east and south side of Ganderbal and has never been climbed from these sides; thus, it is mostly climbed in the north-west from the Arin Bandipore side. Harmukh was first climbed by the Great Trigonometric Survey 's Thomas Montgomerie in 1856 and made the first survey of the Karakoram some 210 km (130 miles) to
1121-604: The Line of Control and enters the Pakistan . 3. Jhelum River - The major river of Kashmir that flows through some villages in the Ganderbal district, playing a vital role in the region's agriculture and water supply. Lar town stands out for its grape cultivation, yielding the highest production in the entire valley. This has given Ganderbal the title of the Grape Town of Kashmir. The Ganderbal district, particularly
1180-462: The Mughal garden known as Garoka, built by Nur Jahan , offers stunning views of the lake. Manasbal Lake is a haven for birdwatchers, boasting one of the largest natural habitats for aquatic birds in Kashmir. Despite its natural beauty and ecological significance, the lake faces challenges such as environmental degradation and tourism-related pressures. Accessing the lake from Srinagar involves
1239-517: The Sherpathri belt, is renowned as the Wicker Hub of Kashmir due to its distinctive wicker artisans. Spanning nearly 25 small hamlets , most of the population in this area is associated with the craft of wickerwork . These craftsmen create a variety of items, including chairs, sofas, baskets, flower vases, and kitchen essentials, using locally sourced willow reeds . Kheer Bhawani
SECTION 20
#17327732885331298-452: The "dumping park") is in the adjacent village of Prang. This village is considered as the main hub for its adjacent areas. The adjacent areas of this village are "Lari Prang, Check Prang, Herra Prang, Pati Prang and dragtung". Mohand Marg is an alpine meadow in the Lar tehsil . In summer it is a tourist destination for trekking and camping. Sir Aurel Stein was the first person to explore
1357-481: The 18th century. British followed with the formation of Madras Municipal Corporation in 1687, and then Calcutta and Bombay Municipal Corporation in 1726. In the early part of the nineteenth century almost all towns in India had experienced some form of municipal governance. In 1882 the then Viceroy of India , Lord Ripon , known as the Father of Local Self Government, passed a resolution of local self-government which lead
1416-483: The Corporations Act of 1835 which mainly deals in providing essential services in a major city. Their elections are held once in five-year and the people choose the candidates. The largest corporations are in the eight metropolitan cities of India, namely Mumbai , Delhi , Kolkata , Chennai , Bangalore , Hyderabad , Ahmedabad , Surat , and Pune . These cities not only have a large population but are also
1475-695: The Directorate of Municipalities or through the collector of a district . These local bodies are subject to detailed supervisory control and guidance by the state governments. State Municipal Acts are legislations enacted by state governments to establish municipal governments, administer them, and provide a framework of governance for cities within the state. Every state has its own municipal act and some states have more than one municipal act, governing larger and smaller municipalities under different acts. Various processes including rules for elections, recruitment of staff, and demarcation of urban areas derived from
1534-998: The District of Ganderbal include: Urban Local Body In India, the Urban Local Bodies (ULBs), also called municipalities, are self-government institutions responsible for the administration of cities, towns, and transitional areas within a state or Union Territory. The 74th amendment to the Constitution of India in 1992 provided constitutional framework for the establishment of Urban Local Bodies. There are three types of Urban Local Bodies in India, which includes municipal corporations governing large urban areas, municipal councils governing smaller urban areas, and nagar panchayats governing transitional areas from rural to urban. They are established by individual state governments and can differ in names, election method, or tier structure. The classification of these areas
1593-532: The Municipalities – as if under principal-agent contracts and may be called agency functions that need to be financed by intergovernmental revenues. Thus instead of continuing the traditional distinction between obligatory and discretionary functions the municipal responsibilities may be grouped into essentially municipal , joint and agency functions. The suggested functions to municipal corporations, municipalities, and town panchayats are listed in
1652-582: The Sindh Valley far below in one direction and the Valley of Kashmir in the other. Harmukh (also known as Mount Haramukh or Harmukh mountain) is a mountain with a peak elevation of 16,890 ft (5,148 metres), in Ganderbal district of Jammu and Kashmir . Harmukh is part of the Himalaya Range , and is located between Sindh River to its south and Kishanganga River to its north. It rises above
1711-422: The administrative as well as commercial centres of the country. A Municipality , or Municipal Council , is an urban local body that administers a smaller urban area with a minimum population of 100,000 but less than 1,000,000. However, there are exceptions to that, as previously municipalities were constituted in urban centers with a population over 20,000 were reclassified as Municipality even if their population
1770-416: The authority) basis and the state governments were free to extend or control the functional sphere through executive decisions without an amendment to the legislative provisions. As per the 2011 Census, the key urbanised areas were classified as follows Statutory towns are of various kinds and the major categories include The municipal corporations and municipalities are fully representative bodies, while
1829-402: The classification is denoted as Class A, B, C. The criteria for these classifications include population, population density, non-agricultural employment, and other relevant parameters. It interacts directly with the state government, though it is administratively part of the district it is located in. Generally smaller district cities and bigger towns have a Municipality. Municipalities are also
Ganderbal - Misplaced Pages Continue
1888-619: The criteria are above 10,000 and below 20,000. Each Nagar Panchayat has a committee consisting of a chairman with ward members. Membership consists of a minimum of ten elected ward members and three nominated members. The members of the Nagar Panchayat are elected from the several wards of the Nagar Panchayat on the basis of adult franchise for a term of five years. There are seats reserved for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, backward classes, and women. The Councillors or Ward Members are chosen by direct election from electoral wards in
1947-639: The democratic forms of municipal governance in India. In 1919, a Government of India Act incorporated the need of the resolution and the powers of democratically elected government were formulated. In 1935 another Government of India act brought local government under the preview of the state or provincial government and specific powers were given. It was the 74th amendment to the Constitution of India in 1992 that brought constitutional validity to municipal or local governments. Until amendments were made in respective state municipal legislations as well, municipal authorities were organised on an ultra vires (beyond
2006-539: The eighth-century ruler Lalithdatiya Muktapid and has been associated with religious practices for centuries. While its impressive architecture reflects the craftsmanship of its builders from the eighth century, the temple currently faces challenges of preservation and maintenance. Despite recent efforts by the government to construct protective walls, the site remains in a state of disrepair, with only faint traces of its former glory surviving. While acknowledging its cultural and historical importance, it's essential to recognize
2065-464: The form of private hotels offering modern amenities for visitors. Additionally, Sonamarg serves as a starting point for treks to high altitude lakes like Vishansar, Krishansar, Gadsar and Gangabal, known for their abundant trout populations. Manasbal Lake, located 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) north west of Ganderbal, is a tourist destination known for its scenery and wildlife. Spanning 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) long and 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) wide. It
2124-515: The highest mountain peak in the vicinity of Kashmir valley) in Ganderbal district, north of Srinagar city in Jammu and Kashmir in India. It is an alpine high altitude oligotrophic lake , and is home to many types of fishes of which one is the brown trout . The lake has a maximum length of 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) and maximum width of 1 kilometre (0.62 mi). It is fed by precipitation, glaciers and springs. The lake water outflows to
2183-543: The highest number of lakes in the state of Jammu and Kashmir. Sonamarg, a hill station located 80 kilometers from Srinagar . At an altitude of 2,800 meters, it has views of snow-clad mountains, alpine meadows, and the Sindh River. Hosting the International Championships of Rafting on the Sindh River, it attracts adventure enthusiasts from around the world. The area has seen some development in
2242-494: The jurisdiction of Ganderbal, serving to boost the economy and education of the district. Besides, there is a stadium which holds a record of playing a day-night matches Physical Education College, the only one in the state, is situated at Gadoora village, some 3.5 km away from district headquarters. Religion in Ganderbal Town (2011) As of 2011 India census, Ganderbal had a population of 297446. Males constitute 53.36% of
2301-549: The legally assigned functions, the sectoral departments of the state government often assign unilaterally, and on an agency basis, various functions such as family planning , nutrition and slum improvement, disease and Epidemic control, etc. Besides the traditional core functions of municipalities, it also includes development functions like planning for economic development and social justice , urban poverty alleviation programs, and promotion of cultural, educational, and aesthetic aspects. However, conformity legislation enacted by
2360-571: The list of municipal functions as suggested in the twelfth schedule. There is a lot of difference in the assignment of obligatory and discretionary functions to the municipal bodies among the states. Whereas functions like planning for the social and economic development, urban forestry and protection of the environment and promotion of ecological aspects are obligatory functions for the municipalities of Maharashtra , in Karnataka these are discretionary functions. The provision of water supply and sewerage in several states has either been taken over by
2419-476: The middle of this village. This village falls under the jurisdiction of tehsil Kangan. The Prang garden used to be the picnic spot in 1990's before army came and established the base camp there. However, the army camp was later evacuated from the garden in the year 2008. This garden is situated on the banks of the famous Sindh River, and forested slopes are on the other side of the garden adding more charm to its beauty. The famous Environmental park (usually known as
Ganderbal - Misplaced Pages Continue
2478-487: The need for ongoing efforts to ensure its preservation and relevance for future generations. Ganderbal district, has its district headquarters located at 33°44′N 75°09′E / 33.73°N 75.15°E / 33.73; 75.15 in the town of Ganderbal , is at an average elevation of 1,950 metres (6,400 ft) above mean sea level. The town is at a distance of 21 kilometres (13 mi) from Srinagar city. The total geographical area of Ganderbal district
2537-421: The northeast, Anantnag District to the southeast, and Baramulla District in the southwest. The current District Magistrate of Ganderbal is Mr. Shyambir Singh ( IAS ) and the current Superintendent of police is Mr. Waseem Qadri (JKPS).Ganderbal is renowned for its beauty, boasting numerous picturesque places and captivating landscapes. Sonamarg is the most famous place in Ganderbal; Shri Amarnath Ji Yatra
2596-441: The notified area committees and town area committees are either fully or partially nominated bodies. As per the Constitution of India , 74th Amendment Act of 1992, the latter two categories of towns are to be designated as municipalities or Nagar panchayats with elected bodies. After the 74th Amendment was enacted there are only three categories of urban local bodies: Among all urban local governments, municipal corporations enjoy
2655-422: The place, pitching his camp in the summer of 1895. It is hidden in the mountains to the north of Srinagar at the foot of Haramukh Peaks about 25 kilometers from Srinagar via the Ganderbal road towards Leh. From the road it is accessed via 5 kilometer trek up a steep path through the hill-side settlements and fields of Lar and Chount Waliwar before the 'Marg' opens out across the mountain side giving views of
2714-648: The population and females 46.64%. Ganderbal has an average literacy rate of 58.04%, lower than the national average of 74.04%: male literacy is 68.85%, and female literacy is 45.71%. In Ganderbal, 17.01% of the population is under 6 years of age. The Municipal Committee Ganderbal is an Urban Local Body with 17 elected members. Its last elections took place on 16 October 2018. Keys: BJP (2) INC (2) Independent (13) The following educational institutes are located within Ganderbal: These institutions play
2773-414: The region and Gangbal the largest alpine lake. The district currently has six subdistricts ( tehsils ): It is further divided into nine CD blocks: Ganderbal, Wakura , Lar , Kangan , Gund, Sherpathri , Phaag, Manigam and Batwina. Each block consists of a number of panchayats . Ganderbal District has 2 assembly constituencies: Kangan and Ganderbal. Languages of Ganderbal district (2011) At
2832-545: The river is mainly used for irrigation , and generation of hydroelectricity . There are three hydroelectric power stations, Lower Sindh Hydroelectric Power Project Ganderbal, Upper Sindh Hydroelectric Power Project 1st Kangan and Upper Sindh Hydroelectric Power Project 2nd Sumbal generating electricity on the Sind River. Besides, the water of the river is used for drinking by Srinagar city through Rangil Water Treatment Plant. Water rafting tournaments are being organised at
2891-479: The south, Bandipore to the north, Kargil in the northeast, Anantnag to the southeast and Baramulla to the southwest. It is divided into six Tehsils viz, Ganderbal, Kangan , Lar , Tulmulla, Gund and Wakura . Ganderbal is the smallest district in Jammu and Kashmir by area, covering 259 square kilometers. The Sind River , a major tributary to the Jhelum River flows through this district. The water of
2950-456: The south, and sketched the two most prominent peaks, labelling them K1 and K2. Harmukh was later climbed by many other climbers. Therefore, Harmukh is the mountain from which the world's second highest mountain peak K2 was discovered and the Serveyer's mark K2 continues to be the name. Gangabal Lake, also called Gangbal Lake, is a lake situated at the foothills of Mount Haramukh (one of
3009-605: The state governments indicates wide variations in this regard. Whereas Bihar , Gujarat , Himachal Pradesh , Haryana , Manipur , Punjab and Rajasthan have included all the functions as enlisted in the Twelfth Schedule in their amended state municipal laws, Andhra Pradesh has not made any changes in the existing list of municipal functions. Karnataka , Kerala , Madhya Pradesh , Maharashtra , Odisha , Tamil Nadu , Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal states have amended their municipal laws to add additional functions in
SECTION 50
#17327732885333068-569: The state governments or transferred to state agencies. For example, in Tamil Nadu , Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat , water supply and sewerage works are being carried out by the state-level Public Health Engineering Department or the Water Supply and Sewerage Boards, while liability for repayment of loans and maintenances are with the municipalities. Besides these state-level agencies, City Improvement Trusts and Urban Development Authorities, like Delhi Development Authority (DDA), have been set up in
3127-433: The state municipal acts. Most Municipal Acts are enforced across all statutory urban areas in the respective states except the cantonment areas. The Government of India had issued a Model Municipal Law in 2003 which aimed to consolidate and amend the laws relating to the municipal governments in the various states and bring them into conformity with the provisions of the 74th CAA. The municipal bodies of India are vested with
3186-582: The table below. Nagar Nigam and other names in different states (translated as "Municipal Corporation/City Corporation") in India are state government formed urban local bodies that work for the development of a metropolitan city , which has a population of more than 1 million. The growing population and urbanisation in various cities of India were in need of a local governing body that can work for providing necessary community services like health centres, educational institutes, and housing and property tax. They also replace street lights. They are formed under
3245-479: The time of the 2011 census, 68.92% of the population spoke Kashmiri , 20.21% Gojri , 3.49% Pashto , 2.61% Pahari and 1.31% Hindi as their first language. Balti and Shina are also spoken by small populations in the high mountains. The Ganderbal district is located in valley of the Sindh River , also known as Nallah Sindh. It is rich in landscape and is often called the District of Lakes, as it possesses
3304-486: The tourist destination of Sonamarg every year, to boost the tourism industry of Kashmir valley . Besides Manasbal lake , Gangabal Lake at the foot of Mount Haramukh is one of the destinations of foreign tourists visiting the valley. Vaishnosar Lake and Gadsar Lake are situated north of Sonamarg . Despite the fact that in the past Ganderbal has remained CM's constituency, it has remained quite behind in development as compared to other districts. Ganderbal constituency
3363-467: Was declared as a Ramsar Site recently. Spanning across acres of marshy terrain, this wetland plays a crucial role in maintaining environmental equilibrium. It serves as a vital habitat for numerous species of migratory birds , offering them a seasonal refuge during their journeys. The wetland's diverse flora and fauna contribute to the rich biodiversity of the region. The villages of Ganderbal district include: The colleges and universities located in
3422-490: Was represented by Sheikh Ishfaq Jabbar who defeated Qazi Mohammad Afzal by a little margin of 461 votes in recently held state assembly elections 2014. The Central University of Kashmir is being constructed in district Ganderbal. Three Faculties, the Faculty of Forestry, Fisheries and Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry of Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir are also located within
3481-659: Was under 100,000. Locally, the municipality is known as Nagar Palika and these are constituted by the Municipal Acts of the respective states. Municipalities in India are categorized into City Municipal Councils and Town Municipal Councils or grades, the classification of which depends on factors like population, economic growth, employment, and more. This classification varies from state to state. For instance, in Kerala , municipalities are graded as I, II, III, while in Bihar ,
#532467