Misplaced Pages

#959040

32-410: Riders who finish in the same group are awarded the same time, with possible subtractions due to time bonuses. Two riders are said to have finished in the same group if the gap between them is less than three seconds. A crash or mechanical incident in the final 3 kilometres of a stage that finishes without a categorised climb usually means that riders thus affected are considered to have finished as part of

64-499: A slipstream . Individual time trial are usually held on flat or rolling terrain, although sometimes they are held up a mountain road (in Italian: cronoscalata "chrono climbing"). Sometimes the opening stage of a stage race is a very short individual time trial called a prologue (8 km or less for men, 4 km or less for women and juniors). Starting times are at equal intervals, usually one or two minutes apart. The starting sequence

96-421: A España Fastest Tour de France Time Trial longer of up to 20 km Fastest Tour de France Time Trial longer of up to 40 km Fastest Vuelta a España Time Trial longer than 20 km Fastest Non-Prologue Stage of Giro d'Italia [REDACTED] Media related to Individual time trial at Wikimedia Commons Roberto Heras Stage races Roberto Heras Hernández (born 1 February 1974)

128-562: A contender for honours in other Tours. He was fifth and a stage winner in the 1997 Vuelta, sixth (and another stage victory) a year later, and third in 1999; that year he finished sixth and won a stage in the Giro d'Italia . His first Vuelta win came in 2000 (when he also won two stages and the points classification), and he won again in 2003 . At the end of 2003, he left US Postal to lead the Spanish Liberty Seguros team. He

160-478: A final individual time trial in Madrid in which the winner is often decided, providing much drama and excitement at the end of the stage race. In recent years, Óscar Sevilla and Roberto Heras have seen their lead evaporate in the time trial in Madrid. The Grand Prix des Nations was a semi- Classic event; professionals may also compete in the annual World time trial championship . The individual time trial

192-514: A lengthy court case and appeal process. In June 2011, Heras successfully appealed the disqualification in the civil court of Castilla y León , and this decision was upheld in the Spanish supreme court in December 2012. The Spanish cycling federation subsequently reinstated Heras as 2005 Vuelta champion. Heras turned professional in 1995 for the Spanish cycling team Kelme . His first win as

224-490: A much better aerodynamic position. They were first brought into the time trialling public eye in the 1989 Tour de France when Greg LeMond overcame a 50-second deficit in the final day's time trial to win the Tour by 8 seconds from Frenchman Laurent Fignon . Fignon was using conventional handlebars, Lemond the new triathlon style. The concept has changed little since then, with only Scotsman Graeme Obree attempting to improve

256-625: A pro came in 1996 in the Subida al Naranco . Later that year he won the 12th stage of the Vuelta a España. Next year he won another stage at the Vuelta and the Clásica de Amorebieta . In 1999 he won stages at the Volta a Catalunya and the Giro d'Italia , and he stood for the first time on the Vuelta's podium, third despite not winning a stage. In 2000 he took two stages and the overall win, which attracted

288-486: Is a Spanish former professional road bicycle racer who won the Vuelta a España a record four times. Between 1997 and 2005 he finished in the top 5 of the Vuelta every year except 1998 when he finished 6th. He won a record-tying three times, and then broke the record with a fourth win in 2005, but he was eventually disqualified after being accused of taking EPO . Heras chose to fight the accusations and this resulted in

320-500: Is also an Olympic event in which professionals are allowed to participate. Many of the top stage racers have also been top performers in the individual time trial, such as Lance Armstrong , Eddy Merckx , Alfredo Binda , Jacques Anquetil , Bernard Hinault , Fausto Coppi , Laurent Fignon , Greg LeMond , Miguel Indurain , Jan Ullrich , Ivan Basso , Alberto Contador , Cadel Evans , Fabian Cancellara , Tom Dumoulin , Bradley Wiggins and Chris Froome . Most recent winners of

352-423: Is also different for time trialing. One-piece skinsuits that do not flap in the wind are common; tight lycra shoe covers help improve airflow over buckles and straps; long pointed helmets channel air down the riders back (the position of the helmet above the rider's back is crucial, it must be as close to the body as possible; too high and the air will just flow underneath the helmet. This is often hard to achieve as

SECTION 10

#1732772823960

384-409: Is forbidden. The rider with the fastest time is declared the winner. Bicycle construction is limited by regulations covering dimensions and other features such as weight. UCI Regulations At the professional level, time trials (TTs) are frequently accompanied by motorcycles , some carrying video equipment or race officials, and riders may be followed by a team car carrying coaches and spare parts, but

416-413: Is usually based on the finishing times in preceding races (or preceding stages in the case of a multi-stage race) with the highest ranked cyclist starting last. Starting later gives the racer the advantage of knowing what time they need to beat (and also makes the event more interesting to spectators). Competitors are not permitted to draft (ride in the slipstream) behind each other. Any help between riders

448-512: The Estación de Esquí de Pajares ) and lost the last time trial by less than a second, something nobody expected from the non-time-trial-specialist Heras. Heras won for the fourth time, a record. However, a drug test in November 2005, two months after the race, showed a positive test for EPO from the day of time trial (stage 20). Heras was fired and faced a two-year suspension. His Vuelta win

480-451: The Tour de France have been good time-trialists; exceptions include Marco Pantani , Carlos Sastre , and Andy Schleck , who were climbing specialists . To do well in an ITT, cyclists must Beginners are often criticized for putting in a J profile effort, meaning that they often go out too hard in the beginning, compensate by reducing their efforts in the middle, and then realize towards

512-536: The US Postal cycling team. From 2001, he raced alongside Lance Armstrong on the US Postal Service team. As a climbing specialist , he assisted Armstrong in the mountain stages of the Tour de France . Heras achieved his highest position in the Tour when he finished fifth in 2000 . During the 2002 Tour de France Lance Armstrong was in 2nd place overall going into stage 11 where the race entered

544-448: The UK the front wheel must have a minimum of 45% open area when viewed from the side, for safety reasons. UCI events still permit the use of disc wheels for the front, but it is very unusual. Many components are modified for aerodynamic efficiency, and manufacturers are now developing more integrated systems, such as brakes built into the fork or frame so as not to disturb the airflow. Clothing

576-479: The clock (in French: contre la montre – literally "against the watch", in Italian: tappa a cronometro " stopwatch stage"). There are also track-based time trials where riders compete in velodromes , and team time trials (TTT). ITTs are also referred to as "the race of truth", as winning depends only on each rider's strength and endurance, and not on help provided by teammates and others riding ahead and creating

608-488: The current leader of the GC gets a special jersey awarded. In the Tour de France , the leader wears a yellow jersey , in the Giro d'Italia a pink jersey, and in the Vuelta a España the leader's jersey is red. The listed year is the first edition of the race. The jersey was sometimes added later. Individual time trial An individual time trial ( ITT ) is a road bicycle race in which cyclists race alone against

640-538: The cyclists are not permitted to draft behind the vehicles. Race regulations typically dictate a minimum distance behind the cyclist which the car must maintain and a minimum gap that must exist between two cyclists before the car may enter that gap. Individual time trials are often used as stages in stage races such as the Grand Tours ; these vary from short prologue time trials over no more than eight kilometres (designed to create an attacking racing style earlier in

672-400: The defined parameters and must adapt their positions to fit the rules. Equipment used is very specialized, and component manufacturers can spend vast sums of time and money on wind tunnel testing to ensure their product is faster than the competition's. Deep section or solid disc wheels are often used to reduce turbulence around the spokes, but these can affect handling in windy conditions. In

SECTION 20

#1732772823960

704-522: The end that they have not put out enough effort during the race. As a result, the time trial is often considered the most difficult part of any major competition for young cyclists. Special aerodynamic time trial bicycles , clothing, helmets, aerobars and other equipment are often used in ITT events. Generally, components are designed to be as aerodynamic as possible, as most of the rider's effort goes into overcoming aerodynamic drag. The rider's position makes

736-411: The greatest difference, and most use the now-standard tuck position, using tribars to allow the rider to position their arms inline with the wind and allow their back to sit as low and flat as possible, reducing frontal area and improving air flow around the body. TT bikes often have lower handlebars than normal road racing bikes to facilitate this. Also, the saddle is sometimes moved forwards relative to

768-458: The group they were with at the 3 km mark, so long as they finish the stage. It is possible to win the GC without winning a stage. It is also possible to win the GC race without being the GC leader before the last stage. The most important stages of a bicycle race for GC contenders are mountain stages and individual time trial stages, both of which offer good opportunities for a single racer to outperform other racers. In many bicycle races,

800-440: The handlebars and bottom bracket to allow the hips a more natural angle of motion, improving performance (for UCI -sanctioned events, the saddle must be a certain distance behind a vertical line drawn through the center of the bottom bracket). Up until the late 1980s, low-profile 'bullhorn' handlebars were used, and normal drop handlebars before them. Then in the late 1980s triathletes developed so-called tri-bars that allowed for

832-596: The high mountains. Going up the final climb on the Tourmalet Heras set such a dominating pace at the front of the fragmented Peloton that all of Armstrong's rivals were dropped with the exception of Joseba Beloki . The ride put in by Heras set up Armstrong to take over the Yellow Jersey from the ONCE–Eroski team led by Beloki, Abraham Olano and Igor González de Galdeano who was in the overall lead at

864-533: The idea. His arms-under-the-torso tuck was revolutionary, helping him and others to break world records and win World Championships. The UCI banned it in 1994, but he came back with the 'Superman' position, an evolution of the traditional tri position, but with the arms fully stretched out in front. This was also banned, and there are now strict rules governing the dimensions of handlebars, which can make life difficult for taller riders who fall outside

896-423: The race) to longer distance events over flat or rolling courses, to timed ascents of mountain roads (mountain time trial). In the 1989 edition of the Tour de France , eventual winner Greg LeMond made up a 50-second deficit to runner-up Laurent Fignon over 24.5 km during the individual time trial on the final stage to win the race by 8 seconds, the smallest margin ever. The Vuelta a España often features

928-417: The rider moves his head due to the suffering endured during a hard race). Fastest Stage (including Prologues) Fastest Non-Prologue Stage (including Stages of up to 20 km) Fastest Stage (including only Stages of up to 20 km) Fastest Stage (including only Stages of up to 40 km) Fastest Stage of Tour de France Fastest Prologue Stage of Tour de France Fastest Prologue Stage of Vuelta

960-575: The start of Stage 11. Beloki finished 2nd overall in the stage as Heras came in 3rd with both riders behind Armstrong who finally launched his attack for the stage win. The next day in Stage 12 once again Roberto Heras set such a furious pace on the final climb that all of Armstrong's rivals were dropped with the exception of Beloki except this time it was Heras who crossed in 2nd while Beloki took third. He had, however, already established himself as

992-461: Was given to second-place finisher, Russian Denis Menchov . Heras appealed, alleging inaccuracies in the testing and mishandling of his samples. He appealed this decision in the civil court of Castilla y León , and was successful. The Spanish cycling federation appealed at the Spanish supreme court, but in December 2012 this court upheld the decision; the Spanish cycling federation subsequently reinstated Heras as 2005 champion and Heras went on to sue

General classification - Misplaced Pages Continue

1024-402: Was thought to be a contender for the 2004 Tour de France but abandoned after the 16th stage due to lack of fitness. Heras entered the Vuelta a España and won, equalling Tony Rominger 's record three wins. During the first mountain stages, it seemed an easy win but in the last week he had a challenge from Santiago Pérez . In the 2005 Vuelta a España , Heras won two mountain stages (including

#959040