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70-749: As the 2020 season had to be cancelled due to COVID-19 , the 2021 German Football League season would be the first in the "post pandemic" era and the 42nd overall since the foundation of the American Football Bundesliga in 1979. The Dresden Monarchs , member of the first tier GFL1 since the 2003 season won their first division title finishing atop a six team GFL North at 9–1 while the Schwäbisch Hall Unicorns continued their streak dating to 2011 of winning their eight team GFL South Division – this time with another perfect regular season of 10–0. The effects of COVID-19 and

140-494: A strain of coronavirus known as "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2" ( SARS-CoV-2 ). COVID-19 is mainly transmitted when people breathe in air contaminated by droplets / aerosols and small airborne particles containing the virus. Infected people exhale those particles as they breathe, talk, cough, sneeze, or sing. Transmission is more likely the closer people are. However, infection can occur over longer distances, particularly indoors. The transmission of

210-584: A systemic inflammatory response syndrome . Among healthy adults not exposed to SARS-CoV-2, about 35% have CD4 T cells that recognise the SARS-CoV-2 S protein (particularly the S2 subunit) and about 50% react to other proteins of the virus, suggesting cross-reactivity from previous common colds caused by other coronaviruses. Heinz Steyer Stadion The Heinz-Steyer-Stadion , in Dresden , Germany,

280-434: A 14 yard reception by Darrell Stewart, but Hall managed to get within striking distance before the end of the first quarter with a 28 yard pass by German Quarterback Alexander Haupert to long time Hall receiver Tyler Rutenbeck. However, the ensuing point after Touchdown was not good and thus the score remained 7–6 for Dresden. In the second quarter Dresden let several scoring opportunities slip through their fingers – turning

350-409: A 26 yard chip shot through the uprights by Florian Finke. Hall was showing nerves, having been shut out since the first drive of the second half. In a "do or die" drive starting at their own three yard line Henesy threw to Rutenbeck who was covered by Dresden's Jonas Gacek – and Gacek came up with the ball. He would've carried it very close to or into the end zone if the referees hadn't accidentally blown

420-449: A Dresden defender had grabbed his facemask and the TV images indeed showed contact, but there was no flag for that thrown by the referees. With only 30 seconds left on the clock in the first half, Dresden called two runs before deciding to go for a Hail Mary pass after all, but it fell incomplete. Out of time, Dresden knelt away the last three seconds of the half taking a five point deficit into

490-562: A German Bowl involving Schwäbisch Hall, however, this time the missed attempt was by the 'corns and they consequently lost the game. COVID-19 Coronavirus disease 2019 ( COVID-19 ) is a contagious disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 . The first known case was identified in Wuhan , China, in December 2019. Most scientists believe the SARS-CoV-2 virus entered into human populations through natural zoonosis , similar to

560-419: A certain critical size, generally thought to be <100μm diameter, evaporate faster than they settle; due to that fact, they form respiratory aerosol particles that remain airborne for a long period of time over extensive distances. Infectivity can begin four to five days before the onset of symptoms. Infected people can spread the disease even if they are pre-symptomatic or asymptomatic . Most commonly,

630-422: A higher risk of developing severe symptoms. Some complications result in death. Some people continue to experience a range of effects ( long COVID ) for months or years after infection, and damage to organs has been observed. Multi-year studies are underway to further investigate the long-term effects of the disease. COVID‑19 transmission occurs when infectious particles are breathed in or come into contact with

700-516: A member of their coaching staff before an extended stay in the USA. Jordan Neumann, head coach of the Schwäbisch Hall Unicorns meanwhile had played for Hall, too before becoming a coach and had been head coach since 2016 after Sigfried Gehrke resigned. The 2019 German Bowl represented Neumann's only defeat as head coach in the GFL prior to German Bowl XLII. Dresden had little difficulty winning its home games in

770-423: A range of effects, such as fatigue , for prolonged periods after an initial COVID-19 infection. This is the result of a condition called long COVID , which can be described as a range of persistent symptoms that continue for months or years. Long-term damage to organs has been observed after the onset of COVID-19. Multi-year studies are underway to further investigate the protracted effects of long COVID. Reducing

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840-547: A turnover differential of +17 leading the league while Dresden placed third at +9. Dresden meanwhile led the league in Field Goals made, Field Goal percentage and PAT percentage. Throughout the regular season Dresden only held their opponents to less than 15 points once - in their last game of the season against the Potsdam Royals who were largely playing with backups that game. Hall meanwhile posted four shutouts in

910-692: Is a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. It was first isolated from three people with pneumonia connected to the cluster of acute respiratory illness cases in Wuhan. All structural features of the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus particle occur in related coronaviruses in nature, particularly in Rhinolophus sinicus (Chinese horseshoe bats). Outside the human body, the virus is destroyed by household soap which bursts its protective bubble . Hospital disinfectants, alcohols, heat, povidone-iodine , and ultraviolet -C (UV-C) irradiation are also effective disinfection methods for surfaces. SARS-CoV-2

980-591: Is an association football , American football and athletics stadium currently used by the Dresdner SC and the Dresden Monarchs . It has a capacity of about 30,000 but is currently restricted to about 5,000 for football matches (although it had attendances of more than 50,000 people in the 1930s). It was also the first stadium of Dynamo Dresden . It was the venue for Dynamo's first Inter-Cities Fairs Cup match, against Rangers . The 2015 edition of

1050-571: Is associated with COVID-19 and is reported in as many as 88% of symptomatic cases. Published data on the neuropathological changes related with COVID-19 have been limited and contentious, with neuropathological descriptions ranging from moderate to severe hemorrhagic and hypoxia phenotypes , thrombotic consequences, changes in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM-type), encephalitis and meningitis . Many COVID-19 patients with co-morbidities have hypoxia and have been in intensive care for varying lengths of time, confounding interpretation of

1120-433: Is available, guidelines and recommendations for hypertensive patients remain. The effect of the virus on ACE2 cell surfaces leads to leukocytic infiltration, increased blood vessel permeability, alveolar wall permeability, as well as decreased secretion of lung surfactants. These effects cause the majority of the respiratory symptoms. However, the aggravation of local inflammation causes a cytokine storm eventually leading to

1190-402: Is because pregnant women with COVID‑19 appear to be more likely to develop respiratory and obstetric complications that can lead to miscarriage , premature delivery and intrauterine growth restriction . Fungal infections such as aspergillosis , candidiasis , cryptococcosis and mucormycosis have been recorded in patients recovering from COVID‑19. COVID‑19 is caused by infection with

1260-522: Is closely related to the original SARS-CoV . It is thought to have an animal ( zoonotic ) origin. Genetic analysis has revealed that the coronavirus genetically clusters with the genus Betacoronavirus , in subgenus Sarbecovirus (lineage B) together with two bat-derived strains. It is 96% identical at the whole genome level to other bat coronavirus samples (BatCov RaTG13 ). The structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 include membrane glycoprotein (M), envelope protein (E), nucleocapsid protein (N), and

1330-595: Is the cause of the bud release and the formation of the viral envelope. The N and E protein are accessory proteins that interfere with the host's immune response. Human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) is the host factor that SARS-CoV-2 virus targets causing COVID‑19. Theoretically, the usage of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) and ACE inhibitors upregulating ACE2 expression might increase morbidity with COVID‑19, though animal data suggest some potential protective effect of ARB; however no clinical studies have proven susceptibility or outcomes. Until further data

1400-469: Is the viral component that attaches to the host receptor via the ACE2 receptors. It includes two subunits: S1 and S2. Studies have shown that S1 domain induced IgG and IgA antibody levels at a much higher capacity. It is the focus spike proteins expression that are involved in many effective COVID‑19 vaccines. The M protein is the viral protein responsible for the transmembrane transport of nutrients. It

1470-938: The Alpha variant (B.1.1.7, formerly called the UK variant), first found in London and Kent, the Beta variant (B.1.351, formerly called the South Africa variant), the Gamma variant (P.1, formerly called the Brazil variant), the Delta variant (B.1.617.2, formerly called the India variant), and the Omicron variant (B.1.1.529), which had spread to 57 countries as of 7 December. On December 19, 2023,

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1540-691: The Braunschweig Lions . Dresden represented the fourth different German Bowl opponent for the Unicorns who had gone 2–0 against the Kiel Baltic Hurricanes (2011&2012) 1–0 against Frankfurt Universe (2018) and 1–4 against Braunschweig (losing in 2014, 2015, 2016 & 2019 but defeating the Lions in 2017) in championship games. The Schwäbisch Hall Unicorns also won the first CEFL Bowl with German teams participating by beating

1610-671: The SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV outbreaks, and consistent with other pandemics in human history. Social and environmental factors including climate change , natural ecosystem destruction and wildlife trade increased the likelihood of such zoonotic spillover . The disease quickly spread worldwide, resulting in the COVID-19 pandemic . The symptoms of COVID‑19 are variable but often include fever, fatigue, cough, breathing difficulties , loss of smell , and loss of taste . Symptoms may begin one to fourteen days after exposure to

1680-588: The Spanish flu , Middle East respiratory syndrome , and Zika virus . In January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended 2019-nCoV and 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease as interim names for the virus and disease per 2015 guidance and international guidelines against using geographical locations or groups of people in disease and virus names to prevent social stigma . The official names COVID‑19 and SARS-CoV-2 were issued by

1750-534: The Tyrolean Raiders 22–16 on the road. Being plagued by injuries in the semifinal, Schwäbisch Hall signed Reilly Hennessey an Italian-American who had won the Italian championship earlier that year as a backup to starting Quarterback Alexander Haupert. The matchup besides showcasing the longstanding North-South disparity also featured two very different teams in philosophy and gameplay - Dresden led

1820-482: The small intestine . The virus can cause acute myocardial injury and chronic damage to the cardiovascular system . An acute cardiac injury was found in 12% of infected people admitted to the hospital in Wuhan, China, and is more frequent in severe disease. Rates of cardiovascular symptoms are high, owing to the systemic inflammatory response and immune system disorders during disease progression, but acute myocardial injuries may also be related to ACE2 receptors in

1890-710: The spike protein (S). The M protein of SARS-CoV-2 is about 98% similar to the M protein of bat SARS-CoV, maintains around 98% homology with pangolin SARS-CoV, and has 90% homology with the M protein of SARS-CoV; whereas, the similarity is only around 38% with the M protein of MERS-CoV . The many thousands of SARS-CoV-2 variants are grouped into either clades or lineages . The WHO, in collaboration with partners, expert networks, national authorities, institutions and researchers, have established nomenclature systems for naming and tracking SARS-CoV-2 genetic lineages by GISAID , Nextstrain and Pango . The expert group convened by

1960-548: The B.1 lineage. Several notable variants of SARS-CoV-2 emerged throughout 2020. Cluster 5 emerged among minks and mink farmers in Denmark . After strict quarantines and the slaughter of all the country's mink , the cluster was assessed to no longer be circulating among humans in Denmark as of 1 February 2021. As of December 2021 , there are five dominant variants of SARS-CoV-2 spreading among global populations:

2030-542: The CNS, possibly within an infected white blood cell. Research conducted when Alpha was the dominant variant has suggested COVID-19 may cause brain damage. Later research showed that all variants studied (including Omicron) killed brain cells, but the exact cells killed varied by variant. It is unknown if such damage is temporary or permanent. Observed individuals infected with COVID-19 (most with mild cases) experienced an additional 0.2% to 2% of brain tissue lost in regions of

2100-562: The COVID-19 infection may have different symptoms, and their symptoms may change over time. Three common clusters of symptoms have been identified: a respiratory symptom cluster with cough, sputum , shortness of breath , and fever; a musculoskeletal symptom cluster with muscle and joint pain, headache, and fatigue; and a cluster of digestive symptoms with abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. In people without prior ear, nose, or throat disorders, loss of taste combined with loss of smell

2170-461: The South, narrowly avoiding relegation as much of their roster had left for the crosstown ELF team . As the game was held at the same venue as the cancelled 2020 edition would have been, tickets bought for the 2020 edition remained valid for this game. While Schwäbisch Hall made their ninth German Bowl appearance since 2011, Dresden had only reached the final once before – in 2013 when they lost to

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2240-475: The WHO declared that another distinctive variant, JN.1, had emerged as a "variant of interest". Though the WHO expected an increase in cases globally, particularly for countries entering winter, the overall global health risk was considered low. The SARS-CoV-2 virus can infect a wide range of cells and systems of the body. COVID‑19 is most known for affecting the upper respiratory tract (sinuses, nose, and throat) and

2310-759: The WHO on 11 February 2020 with COVID-19 being shorthand for "coronavirus disease 2019". The WHO additionally uses "the COVID‑19 virus" and "the virus responsible for COVID‑19" in public communications. The symptoms of COVID-19 are variable depending on the type of variant contracted, ranging from mild symptoms to a potentially fatal illness. Common symptoms include coughing , fever , loss of smell (anosmia) and taste (ageusia), with less common ones including headaches , nasal congestion and runny nose , muscle pain , sore throat , diarrhea , eye irritation , and toes swelling or turning purple, and in moderate to severe cases, breathing difficulties . People with

2380-551: The WHO recommended the labelling of variants using letters of the Greek alphabet , for example, Alpha , Beta , Delta , and Gamma , giving the justification that they "will be easier and more practical to discussed by non-scientific audiences". Nextstrain divides the variants into five clades (19A, 19B, 20A, 20B, and 20C), while GISAID divides them into seven (L, O, V, S, G, GH, and GR). The Pango tool groups variants into lineages , with many circulating lineages being classed under

2450-498: The ball over five times in their loss to Hall. The semifinal proved similarly doable for Hall as they overcame the Potsdam Royals but lost starting Quarterback Alexander Haupert to a knee injury. They also lost starting running back John Santiago also to knee injury. Dresden, whose powerful passing offense led by Quarterback K. J. Carta-Samuels had dominated their division jumped out to an early lead of 7–0 (PAT, Finke) with

2520-456: The ball over twice in two drives separated by the injury of Alexander Haupert – already entering the game injured – who was hit on a dropback with his attempt to throw away the ball being ruled intentional grounding . Inside their own ten yard line and faced with over twenty yards to go, replacement Quarterback Reilly Hennessey finished the drive with a three and out and Hall's subsequent punt failed to cross Dresden's forty yard line. However, while

2590-515: The brain connected to the sense of smell compared with uninfected individuals, and the overall effect on the brain was equivalent on average to at least one extra year of normal ageing; infected individuals also scored lower on several cognitive tests. All effects were more pronounced among older ages. The virus also affects gastrointestinal organs as ACE2 is abundantly expressed in the glandular cells of gastric , duodenal and rectal epithelium as well as endothelial cells and enterocytes of

2660-591: The brain found as complications leading to death in people infected with COVID‑19. Infection may initiate a chain of vasoconstrictive responses within the body, including pulmonary vasoconstriction – a possible mechanism in which oxygenation decreases during pneumonia. Furthermore, damage of arterioles and capillaries was found in brain tissue samples of people who died from COVID‑19. COVID‑19 may also cause substantial structural changes to blood cells , sometimes persisting for months after hospital discharge. A low level of blood lymphocytess may result from

2730-428: The brains of those who have died from COVID‑19, but these results need to be confirmed. While virus has been detected in cerebrospinal fluid of autopsies, the exact mechanism by which it invades the CNS remains unclear and may first involve invasion of peripheral nerves given the low levels of ACE2 in the brain. The virus may also enter the bloodstream from the lungs and cross the blood–brain barrier to gain access to

2800-518: The break. In the second half, Monarchs Kicker Florian Finke hit the ball off-center on the top on the opening kickoff, meaning it didn't travel the requisite ten yards, resulting in Unicorns ball in their opponents' half of the field. Driving down the field, Schwäbisch Hall scored again and seemed to be putting away the game with a twelve point lead (this time the PAT was good) on a 26 yard pass by Hennesy to Yannick Mayr. However, on their first possession of

2870-409: The clear jelly liquid found in lung autopsies of people who died of COVID-19. One possibility addressed in medical research is that hyuralonic acid (HA) could be the leading factor for this observation of the clear jelly liquid found in the lungs, in what could be hyuralonic storm, in conjunction with cytokine storm . One common symptom, loss of smell, results from infection of the support cells of

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2940-406: The data. Of people who show symptoms, 81% develop only mild to moderate symptoms (up to mild pneumonia ), while 14% develop severe symptoms ( dyspnea , hypoxia , or more than 50% lung involvement on imaging) that require hospitalization, and 5% of patients develop critical symptoms ( respiratory failure , septic shock , or multiorgan dysfunction ) requiring ICU admission. At least a third of

3010-547: The entrance of the new European League of Football could be felt in the comparatively lackluster performance of defending champion Braunschweig Lions who finished 5–5 in the North, squeaking into the playoffs in fourth place and losing on the road to Hall in the quarter-finals. The fate of Frankfurt Universe , the opponent of Hall in German Bowl XL and semi-finalist in 2019 was even worse, as they dropped to 7th place in

3080-721: The expression of ACE-2, thereby facilitating the SARS-Cov2 virus to enter cells and to replicate. A competition of negative feedback loops (via protective effects of interferon alpha) and positive feedback loops (via upregulation of ACE-2) is assumed to determine the fate of patients suffering from COVID-19. Additionally, people with COVID‑19 and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have classical serum biomarkers of CRS, including elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), D-dimer , and ferritin . Systemic inflammation results in vasodilation , allowing inflammatory lymphocytic and monocytic infiltration of

3150-428: The eyes, nose, or mouth. The risk is highest when people are in close proximity, but small airborne particles containing the virus can remain suspended in the air and travel over longer distances, particularly indoors. Transmission can also occur when people touch their eyes, nose or mouth after touching surfaces or objects that have been contaminated by the virus. People remain contagious for up to 20 days and can spread

3220-525: The face. While drugs have been developed to inhibit the virus, the primary treatment is still symptomatic , managing the disease through supportive care , isolation , and experimental measures . During the initial outbreak in Wuhan , the virus and disease were commonly referred to as "coronavirus" and "Wuhan coronavirus", with the disease sometimes called "Wuhan pneumonia". In the past, many diseases have been named after geographical locations, such as

3290-412: The fifteen yard line requiring the measuring sticks to be brought on the field before Dresden's first down was confirmed. After a blocked punt by Hall, Dresden was limited to a Field Goal this time – a 25 yarder made it 17–19 from the point of view of Dresden. In the fourth quarter Dresden benefited from the field positions their kicking game gave them and took the lead for the first time in this half with

3360-523: The heart. ACE2 receptors are highly expressed in the heart and are involved in heart function. A high incidence of thrombosis and venous thromboembolism occurs in people transferred to intensive care units with COVID‑19 infections, and may be related to poor prognosis. Blood vessel dysfunction and clot formation (as suggested by high D-dimer levels caused by blood clots) may have a significant role in mortality, incidents of clots leading to pulmonary embolisms , and ischaemic events (strokes) within

3430-503: The host cell. Following viral entry, COVID‑19 infects the ciliated epithelium of the nasopharynx and upper airways. Autopsies of people who died of COVID‑19 have found diffuse alveolar damage , and lymphocyte-containing inflammatory infiltrates within the lung. From the CT scans of COVID-19 infected lungs, white patches were observed containing fluid known as ground-glass opacity (GGO) or simply ground glass. This tended to correlate with

3500-528: The infection, children may develop paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome , which has symptoms similar to Kawasaki disease , which can be fatal. In very rare cases, acute encephalopathy can occur, and it can be considered in those who have been diagnosed with COVID‑19 and have an altered mental status. According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , pregnant women are at increased risk of becoming seriously ill from COVID‑19. This

3570-527: The last drive had ended on a fumble by Whaley, who fumbled the ball at the 1 while jumping towards the end zone over several tackles, this drive of the Monarchs would end in an interception caught by Monteze Latimore in the Endzone. While Latimore was initially trying for a return, he stopped with the ball barely inside the Endzone after his feet had already left – this resulted in a touchback and Hall's ball at

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3640-422: The league in offensive yards while Hall narrowly had the best scoring offense. The Unicorns had the best overall defense, the best pass defense and the best scoring defense (least points allowed). Dresden only placed sixth (out of 14) in scoring defense and even tenth in yards allowed per game defensively. In passing yards allowed per game they even placed second from last ahead of only Frankfurt Universe . Hall had

3710-454: The lower respiratory tract (windpipe and lungs). The lungs are the organs most affected by COVID‑19 because the virus accesses host cells via the receptor for the enzyme angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is most abundant on the surface of type II alveolar cells of the lungs. The virus uses a special surface glycoprotein called a " spike " to connect to the ACE2 receptor and enter

3780-409: The lung and the heart. In particular, pathogenic GM-CSF-secreting T cells were shown to correlate with the recruitment of inflammatory IL-6-secreting monocytes and severe lung pathology in people with COVID‑19. Lymphocytic infiltrates have also been reported at autopsy. Multiple viral and host factors affect the pathogenesis of the virus. The S-protein , otherwise known as the spike protein,

3850-447: The moment a person first becomes infected and the appearance of the first symptoms. The median delay for COVID-19 is four to five days possibly being infectious on 1–4 of those days. Most symptomatic people experience symptoms within two to seven days after exposure, and almost all will experience at least one symptom within 12 days. Most people recover from the acute phase of the disease. However, some people continue to experience

3920-469: The new half the Monarchs regained old strengths and seemed to shift the momentum in their team's favor as they ate away 6:07 minutes of game time, driving down the field and ultimately scoring on a 12 yard run by Devwah Whaley. A crucial moment had come earlier in that drive when the Monarchs converted fourth and three at the 18 yard line on a short pass to Radim Kalous which the Czech receiver carried exactly to

3990-480: The olfactory epithelium , with subsequent damage to the olfactory neurons . The involvement of both the central and peripheral nervous system in COVID‑19 has been reported in many medical publications. It is clear that many people with COVID-19 exhibit neurological or mental health issues . The virus is not detected in the central nervous system (CNS) of the majority of COVID-19 patients with neurological issues . However, SARS-CoV-2 has been detected at low levels in

4060-488: The peak viral load in upper respiratory tract samples occurs close to the time of symptom onset and declines after the first week after symptoms begin. Current evidence suggests a duration of viral shedding and the period of infectiousness of up to ten days following symptom onset for people with mild to moderate COVID-19, and up to 20 days for persons with severe COVID-19, including immunocompromised people. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus   2 (SARS-CoV-2)

4130-411: The people who are infected with the virus do not develop noticeable symptoms at any point in time. These asymptomatic carriers tend not to get tested and can still spread the disease. Other infected people will develop symptoms later (called "pre-symptomatic") or have very mild symptoms and can also spread the virus. As is common with infections, there is a delay, or incubation period , between

4200-434: The play dead early, but the interception stood. This turned out to be a blessing in disguise for the Monarchs as they were now able to chew another 2:26 off the clock before Carta-Samuels found Radim Kalous on a short pass which Kalous took to the house for a 16 yard touchdown. The ensuing two point conversion (Carta-Samuels pass to Whaley) made it a two score game. Receiving the ball back with 2:31 and down 19–28 Schwäbisch Hall

4270-673: The playoffs, steamrolling both the fourth and the second from the GFL South by 37 points – even managing to shut out one of the surprise teams of the season, the Saarland Hurricanes, which had played in the second tier GFL2 in 2019, in the semifinal at home. The semifinal was also the last for Dresden at the "old" Heinz Steyer Stadion which is to shut down for renovations until 2023. Hall faced stronger opposition in 2019 champion Braunschweig who didn't play to their pre-Covid levels in their meetup at Hall's Optima Sportpark turning

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4340-493: The regular season, including one against Saarland Hurricanes whom the Monarchs would in turn shut out in the semifinal. Both teams are notable for their strong emphasis on their own youth teams, for example Eric Seidel the backup Quarterback of Dresden had already been the backup to Quarterback Jeff Walsh in 2013 and had come from the youth teams of the Monarchs. Ulrich "Ulz" Däuber, the head coach of Dresden since 2017 had played with Schwäbisch Hall in his own playing days and been

4410-416: The respiratory tract, people with severe COVID‑19 have symptoms of systemic hyperinflammation. Clinical laboratory findings of elevated IL‑2 , IL‑6 , IL‑7 , as well as the following suggest an underlying immunopathology: Interferon alpha plays a complex, Janus-faced role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Although it promotes the elimination of virus-infected cells, it also upregulates

4480-859: The risk of long COVID includes staying up to date on the most recent COVID-19 vaccine, practicing good hygiene, maintaining clean indoor air, and physical distancing from people infected with a respiratory virus. Complications may include pneumonia , acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multi-organ failure , septic shock , and death. Cardiovascular complications may include heart failure, arrhythmias (including atrial fibrillation ), heart inflammation , thrombosis , particularly venous thromboembolism , and endothelial cell injury and dysfunction. Approximately 20–30% of people who present with COVID‑19 have elevated liver enzymes , reflecting liver injury. Neurologic manifestations include seizure , stroke, encephalitis , and Guillain–Barré syndrome (which includes loss of motor functions ). Following

4550-421: The twenty. Otherwise the result would've been a Safety . Thus profiting from defensive Big Plays, in the ensuing drive the Unicorns scored next with a 10 yard pass of Hennesy to Rutenbeck. However, the decision to go with a Two Point Conversion this time didn't pay off for Hall and the score remained 12–7 at half time. Moritz Böhringer , the intended target of the failed two point conversion pass, complained that

4620-516: The virus acting through ACE2-related entry into lymphocytes. Another common cause of death is complications related to the kidneys . Early reports show that up to 30% of hospitalised patients both in China and in New York have experienced some injury to their kidneys, including some persons with no previous kidney problems. Although SARS-CoV-2 has a tropism for ACE2-expressing epithelial cells of

4690-752: The virus even if they do not develop symptoms. Testing methods for COVID-19 to detect the virus's nucleic acid include real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‑PCR), transcription-mediated amplification , and reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT‑LAMP) from a nasopharyngeal swab . Several COVID-19 vaccines have been approved and distributed in various countries, many of which have initiated mass vaccination campaigns . Other preventive measures include physical or social distancing , quarantining , ventilation of indoor spaces, use of face masks or coverings in public, covering coughs and sneezes, hand washing , and keeping unwashed hands away from

4760-509: The virus is carried out through virus-laden fluid particles, or droplets, which are created in the respiratory tract, and they are expelled by the mouth and the nose. There are three types of transmission: "droplet" and "contact", which are associated with large droplets, and "airborne", which is associated with small droplets. If the droplets are above a certain critical size, they settle faster than they evaporate , and therefore they contaminate surfaces surrounding them. Droplets that are below

4830-464: The virus. At least a third of people who are infected do not develop noticeable symptoms . Of those who develop symptoms noticeable enough to be classified as patients, most (81%) develop mild to moderate symptoms (up to mild pneumonia ), while 14% develop severe symptoms ( dyspnea , hypoxia , or more than 50% lung involvement on imaging), and 5% develop critical symptoms ( respiratory failure , shock , or multiorgan dysfunction ). Older people are at

4900-428: Was now in desperation mode. Caught in a Fourth Down with less than a minute left on the game clock and no timeouts remaining, the Unicorns decided to try for a Field Goal but their attempt fell short, turning the ball over one last time and giving Dresden the opportunity to run down the clock. After German Bowl XL and German Bowl XXXIX this was the third time a missed Field Goal attempt was the last play of relevance in

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