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80-677: The group was originally formed in 1865 by Otto Lob to perform songs while the body of Abraham Lincoln lay in state in Chicago before being buried in Springfield. When the group formally organized later that year as Germania Männerchor, Lob was elected as its first conductor. By 1868 the group had voted to make Hans Balatka , who had previously been a member and conductor of the Philharmonic Society, an honorary member. Lob and some members of Germania Mannerchor split and formed

160-594: A state historic site and is a National Historic Landmark . After the assassination of Abraham Lincoln by John Wilkes Booth , Lincoln's body was carried by an honor guard to the White House on Saturday April 15, 1865. He lay in state in the East Room of the White House which was open to the public on Tuesday, April 18. On April 19, a funeral service was held and then the coffin, attended by large crowds,

240-674: A 1909 Warner & Swasey refracting telescope with a six-inch John A. Brashear objective lens was installed. Lincoln's telescope and observatory have been restored and it was used by a local astronomy club in the early 2000s. Lincoln was also a dedicated golfer, and served as president of the Ekwanok Country Club in Manchester. His last public appearance was on May 30, 1922, at the dedication ceremony for his father's memorial in Washington, D.C. Robert Lincoln

320-833: A Chicago mansion. With the anti-German rhetoric that accompanied American entry into World War I , the group changed its name to the Lincoln Club in 1917. It became the Germania Club in 1928. The group evolved from a choral ensemble that collected books and material relating to the German experience in America, to an almost purely social club which developed a reputation as one of the leading private clubs of Chicago. The club disbanded in 1986. Notable members have included: Funeral and burial of Abraham Lincoln#Funeral train to Springfield, Illinois After Abraham Lincoln

400-557: A campaign. He served as Secretary of War in the administration of James A. Garfield , continuing under Chester A. Arthur , and as Minister to Great Britain in the Benjamin Harrison administration. Lincoln became general counsel of the Pullman Company , and after founder George Pullman died in 1897, Lincoln assumed the company's presidency. After retiring from this position in 1911, Lincoln served as chairman of

480-459: A distant relationship with his father, in part because, during his formative years, Abraham Lincoln spent months on the judicial circuit. Lincoln recalled, "During my childhood and early youth he was almost constantly away from home, attending court or making political speeches." Abraham apparently realized that his being away had a potential impact on his sons as evidenced by the following quote from his April 16, 1848, letter to his wife: "don't let

560-477: A group of trusted confidants moved the coffin from its room to a secret location in the basement of the tomb. Finding the ground waterlogged, they temporarily set the coffin on the ground and disguised it under a wood pile. Moving the coffin proved difficult; it weighed some 400–500 pounds (180–230 kilograms) and Power and the members of the Monument Association were mostly in their 60s (the youngest

640-513: A long & most anxious struggle and at times had hopes of saving our boy. It would have been done if it had depended only on his own marvelous pluck & patience now that the end has come, there is a great blank in our future lives & an affliction not to be measured." Historian Michael Burlingame considered Robert Todd Lincoln to be "a particularly unfortunate, even tragic figure." Lincoln himself once said, "No one wanted me for Secretary of War... For minister to England... For president of

720-434: A pardon for his engraver (who was serving a ten-year sentence at Illinois State Penitentiary ) and $ 200,000 (equivalent to $ 5,722,500 in 2023). The plot failed when two men recruited to assist turned out to be paid government informants, and the men sent to get the body did not plan for how to remove the quarter-ton cedar-and-lead coffin from the grounds. On November 13, 1876, tomb custodian John Carroll Power and

800-599: A result of their confrontations over his Lincoln biography, in 1890 Herndon wrote to Jesse Weik , his Lincoln biography collaborator, that Robert was "a Todd and not a Lincoln ... a little bitter fellow of the pig-headed kind, silly and cold and selfish." Lincoln was general counsel of the Pullman Palace Car Company under George Pullman , and was named president after Pullman's death in 1897. According to Almont Lindsey's 1942 book, The Pullman Strike , Lincoln arranged to have Pullman quietly excused from

880-403: A steel cage 10 feet (3.0 m) deep and encased in concrete in the floor of the tomb. On September 26, 1901, Lincoln's body was exhumed so that it could be re-interred in the newly built crypt. However, several of the 23 people present feared that his body might have been stolen in the intervening years, so they decided to open the coffin and check. A harsh choking smell arose when the casket

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960-475: A town which was later absorbed into the city of Chicago. In 1877 he rejected President Rutherford B. Hayes ' offer to appoint him Assistant Secretary of State . He was appointed by President James Garfield as Secretary of War and served from 1881 to 1885 under Garfield and then Chester A. Arthur . During his term in office, the Cincinnati Riots of 1884 broke out over a case in which a jury gave

1040-503: A train platform in Jersey City , New Jersey . The exact date is uncertain, but it is believed to have taken place in late 1863 or early 1864, before John Wilkes Booth's assassination of President Lincoln. In a letter written in 1909 to the editor of The Century Magazine , Robert Lincoln recalled what had happened that day: The incident occurred while a group of passengers were late at night purchasing their sleeping car places from

1120-656: A verdict of manslaughter rather than murder in a case that many suspected was rigged. Forty-five people died during three days of rioting before U.S. troops dispatched by Lincoln reestablished calm. Subsequent to serving as Secretary of War, Lincoln assisted Oscar Dudley to establish the Illinois Industrial Training School for Boys (now known as Glenwood Academy) in Norwood Park in 1887, after Dudley (a Humane Society employee) "discovered more homeless, neglected and abused boys than dogs on

1200-547: Is based on period photographs and etchings, as well as reporter's descriptions. The hall depicts the moment Lincoln was laid in state there, with lavish, elaborate, and sometimes odd decorations, including a replica black casket. Shortly after Lincoln's death, a delegation of Illinois citizens (later forming the National Lincoln Monument Association ) asked Mrs. Lincoln to return her husband's remains to Springfield for burial. She agreed, and

1280-561: The Court of St James's , from 1889 to 1893 under President Benjamin Harrison . Lincoln's teenage son, Abraham II "Jack", died during this time in Europe. After serving as minister, Lincoln returned to private business as a lawyer. Robert fought to preserve and protect his father's legacy, clashing with Abraham Lincoln biographer William Herndon over Herndon's statements about his father. As

1360-572: The Old University of Chicago and studied law at the Chicago firm of Scammon , McCagg & Fuller. On January 1, 1866, Lincoln moved out of the apartment he shared with his mother and brother. He rented his own rooms in downtown Chicago to "begin to live with some degree of comfort" which he had not known when living in cramped conditions with his family. Lincoln graduated from Northwestern University with an LL.B. in 1866 and became licensed as an attorney in Chicago on February 22, 1867. He

1440-563: The Union Army in the closing days of the American Civil War . After the war was over, he married Mary Eunice Harlan , and they had three children together. Following completion of his law school studies in Chicago, he built a successful law practice, and became wealthy representing corporate clients. Lincoln was often spoken of as a possible candidate for national office, including the presidency, but never took steps to mount

1520-432: The empty crypt in the U.S. Capitol that had been prepared for George Washington. She finally relented when her son Robert Todd Lincoln was able to persuade her to allow a Springfield burial, by promising to take Willie Lincoln's body along. Springfield wanted a prominent burial location, a location that would draw visitors into downtown Springfield. A 6-acre (24,000 m ) block, owned by the family of Col. Thomas Mather,

1600-516: The Army until shortly before the war's conclusion. President Lincoln argued "our son is not more dear to us than the sons of other people are to their mothers." In January 1865, the First Lady gave in and President Lincoln wrote Ulysses Grant, asking if Robert could be placed on his staff. On February 11, 1865, Lincoln was commissioned as an assistant adjutant with a captain's rank. He served in

1680-459: The Concordia music society. The two groups maintained a rivalry, producing a number of high quality productions of operas such as The Magic Flute (by Concordia) and Der Freischuetz and Stradella (by Germania Männerchor). Each of the choruses had over a hundred members. The group performed in locations ranging from the short-lived Crosby Opera House to open air productions. The group

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1760-544: The Executive mansion for two and a half weeks because his mother had told him that "she can not possibly be ready to leave here". Lincoln also acknowledged that he was aware of the "great inconvenience" this would be to Johnson since he had become president of the United States only a short time earlier. In late April, 1865, Robert moved to the city of Chicago with his remaining family. He attended law classes at

1840-714: The Harvard College entrance examination in 1859, but failed fifteen out of the sixteen subjects. Subsequently, Lincoln was enrolled at Phillips Exeter Academy to prepare for college; he graduated Phillips Exeter in 1860. Admitted to Harvard, he graduated in 1864, having been elected vice-president of the Hasty Pudding Club , and was a member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon (Alpha chapter) fraternity. Welsh author Jan Morris wrote that Robert Lincoln, "having failed fifteen out of sixteen subjects in

1920-484: The Harvard entrance examination, got in at last and emerged an unsympathetic bore." After graduating from Harvard, Robert Lincoln enrolled at Harvard Law School . Lincoln attended Harvard Law School from September 1864 to January 1865, but left after four months in order to join the Union Army . In 1893, Harvard awarded Lincoln the honorary degree of LL.D. Mary Todd Lincoln prevented Robert Lincoln from joining

2000-543: The Oak Ridge mausoleum, located near the south gate of the cemetery. After the second reconstruction was completed, the bodies were returned to their crypts in June 1931. Robert Todd Lincoln Robert Todd Lincoln (August 1, 1843 – July 26, 1926) was an American lawyer and businessman. The eldest son of President Abraham Lincoln and Mary Todd Lincoln , he was the only one of their four children to survive past

2080-736: The Pullman Company; they wanted Abraham Lincoln's son." Nevertheless, he accepted the appointments and was very well-paid, becoming a millionaire lawyer and businessman, fond of the pleasures of the wealthy conservative Victorian gentlemen of his social circle. Lincoln is considered to have had little in common with his father personally or politically, not being humorous or unpretentious, but rather cold, stuffy, and aloof. Fanny Seward , daughter of secretary of state William H. Seward , described him, however, as "ready and easy in conversation having, I fancy, considerable humor in his disposition...agreeable, good-natured, and intelligent". Lincoln

2160-590: The U.S. with his body and on November 8, 1890, was placed in one of the crypts in the Lincoln Tomb. His body remained in the tomb until May 27, 1930, when he was re-interred at the family plot of his father, Robert Todd Lincoln (August 1, 1843, to July 25, 1926), at Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia. During the first Lincoln Tomb reconstruction (1900–1901), the Lincoln family was disinterred and moved to

2240-413: The basement for another year. Finally, a group of men in their 30s were hired to move the coffin and on November 18, 1878, the coffin was moved and reburied in a shallow grave on the far end of the labyrinth. After receiving anonymous threats in the mail, the coffin was dug up two days later to make sure it was still there. In 1880, Power and his associates formed the "Lincoln Guard of Honor" to serve as

2320-572: The baton of Balatka. In 1871, Balatka left to join the Liederkranz, and was replaced by Julius Fuchs . The Concordia chorus merged back with Germania Mannerchor in 1873. In 1875, they performed a concert with Theodore Thomas directing. Henry Schoenefeld became the conductor in 1879. Of the number of choral societies in Chicago that existed prior to 1871, only the Germania Mannerchor was still in existence as of 1893. In 1889,

2400-428: The blessed fellows forget Father". One such example that gives insight into Robert's childhood in general was related by Joseph Humphreys, who had taken a train to Lexington, Kentucky, in 1847: "there were two lively youngsters on board who kept the whole train in a turmoil, and their long-legged father, instead of spanking the brats, looked pleased as Punch and aided and abetted the older one in mischief". Lincoln took

2480-595: The board until 1924. In Lincoln's later years, he resided at homes in Washington, D.C., and Manchester, Vermont ; the Manchester home, Hildene , was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. In 1922, he took part in the dedication ceremonies for the Lincoln Memorial . Lincoln died at Hildene in July 1926, at age 82, and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery . Robert Todd Lincoln

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2560-647: The body of Lincoln's son Willie (1850–1862) was placed with Lincoln's in the Receiving Vault. Willie had been initially interred in the Carroll family tomb at the Oak Hill Cemetery in Georgetown. His remains accompanied those of his father on the funeral train to Springfield. On December 21, 1865, the two caskets were moved to the temporary vault, halfway up the hillside, where the Lincoln Tomb

2640-419: The catacomb of the tomb on September 19, 1871. They were not the first. Two months earlier (on July 17, 1871) it was Lincoln's son Thomas ("Tad") Lincoln, born April 4, 1853, who was the first Lincoln placed into a crypt in the Lincoln Tomb. Tad died on July 15, 1871, in Chicago, Illinois, aged eighteen. Lincoln's wife, Mary Todd Lincoln (December 13, 1818 – July 16, 1882). She was buried July 19, 1882, in one of

2720-504: The city streets." From 1884 to 1912, Lincoln's name was mentioned in varying degrees of seriousness as a candidate for the Republican presidential or vice-presidential nomination. He repeatedly disavowed any interest in running and stated he would not accept nomination for either position. His likeness was included in an 1888 set of "Presidential Possibilities" cards. Lincoln served as the U.S. minister to Great Britain, formally to

2800-593: The coffin opened 5 times. The semi-circular Catacomb (or Burial Chamber) is at the north side of the base of the Lincoln Monument; on the south side (entrance) is Memorial Hall (or the Rotunda). Since the second reconstruction (1930–31) connecting corridors lead into the Burial Chamber. On May 4, 1865, (Lincoln's arrival at Oak Ridge Cemetery, nineteen days after his death) another coffin, containing

2880-521: The coffins of Lincoln and his son. New locomotives were substituted at several points. The Department of War designated the route and declared the railroads used as military roads. Only persons authorized by the State Department were allowed to travel on the train, which was limited to 20 miles (32 km) an hour for safety. A pilot train preceded it to ensure the track was clear. Five relatives and family friends were appointed to accompany

2960-448: The conductor who stood on the station platform at the entrance of the car. The platform was about the height of the car floor, and there was of course a narrow space between the platform and the car body. There was some crowding, and I happened to be pressed by it against the car body while waiting my turn. In this situation the train began to move, and by the motion I was twisted off my feet, and had dropped somewhat, with feet downward, into

3040-1020: The cooler climate of Mount Pleasant, during the 1880s the family would summer at the Harlan home there. The Harlan-Lincoln home, built in 1876, still stands today. Donated by Mary Harlan Lincoln to Iowa Wesleyan College in 1907, it now serves as a museum containing a collection of artifacts from the Lincoln family and from Abraham Lincoln's presidency. Of Robert's children, Jessie Harlan Lincoln Beckwith had two children, but neither Mary Lincoln Beckwith ("Peggy") nor Robert Todd Lincoln Beckwith had children of their own. Robert's other daughter, Mary Todd Lincoln ("Mamie") married Charles Bradford Isham in 1891. They had one son, Lincoln Isham, who married Leahalma Correa in 1919, but died without children. The last person acknowledged and known to be of Lincoln lineage, Robert's grandson Robert Todd Lincoln Beckwith, died in 1985. In 1871, Lincoln's only surviving brother, Tad, died at age 18, leaving his mother devastated. Lincoln

3120-526: The custodians of Lincoln's remains. Other than its members, only Robert Todd Lincoln knew of this organization. In 1882, after Mary Todd Lincoln died, Robert instructed the Guard of Honor to bury his mother's coffin wherever they kept his father's. Both coffins remained in the basement until 1887, when they were encased in a brick vault, at which time Lincoln's coffin was opened to verify his remains were still there. The original tomb, built on unsuitable soil,

3200-530: The dedication of Oak Ridge, a rural quiet cemetery, two miles (3.2 km) from the heart of Springfield). On April 28 Mary sent a message to Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton , in which she stated that her decision was final, and that Lincoln's remains must be placed in the Oak Ridge Cemetery. On April 29 another message followed: "arrangements for using the Mather vault must be changed." And on May 1

3280-654: The editor of the Chicago Times and shortly, the embarrassment Robert had hoped to avoid came to the forefront, with his motives and character being publicly questioned. Bellevue's director, who at Mary's commitment trial assured the jury she would benefit from treatment at his facility, now declared her well enough to go to Springfield to live with her sister. Her commitment and subsequent events alienated Lincoln from his mother, and they did not possibly reconcile until shortly before her unexpected death. From 1876 to 1877 Lincoln served as Town Supervisor of South Chicago,

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3360-458: The entrance to the tomb was reconfigured to better accommodate visitors and the original, white marble sarcophagus was replaced with the red granite marker in front of the place where Lincoln is interred. Souvenir hunters destroyed the original sarcophagus, which was placed outside the tomb during reconstruction. The tomb was rededicated with President Herbert Hoover as the main speaker on June 17, 1931. Lincoln's coffin has been moved 17 times and

3440-464: The escort at the depot, and at 8   a.m. the train departed. At least 10,000 people witnessed the train's departure from Washington. The funeral train had nine cars, including a baggage car, hearse car, and the President's car, built for use by the president and other officials and containing a parlor, sitting room, and sleeping apartment. The President's car was draped in mourning and carried

3520-611: The family crypts in the Lincoln Tomb. In the night of July 21, 1882, Mary Todd's casket was secretly taken from the crypt and at Robert Todd Lincoln's (her eldest son) request, buried alongside the President. On April 14, 1887, both caskets were moved to Memorial Hall. Lincoln's teenage grandson and namesake, Abraham Lincoln II ("Jack"), born August 14, 1873, died March 5, 1890, in London and was temporarily buried in Kensal Green Cemetery , London, until his father returned to

3600-885: The funeral train: David Davis , Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States ; Lincoln's brothers-in-law, Ninian Wirt Edwards and C. M. Smith; Brigadier General John Blair Smith Todd , a cousin of Mary Todd Lincoln; and Charles Alexander Smith, the brother of C. M. Smith. An honor guard accompanied the train; this consisted of Union Army Major General David Hunter ; brevet Major General John G. Barnard ; Brigadier Generals Edward D. Townsend , Charles Thomas Campbell , Amos Beebe Eaton , John C. Caldwell , Alfred Terry , George D. Ramsey, and Daniel McCallum; Union Navy Rear Admiral Charles Henry Davis and Captain William Rogers Taylor ; and Marine Corps Major Thomas H. Field. Four accompanied

3680-766: The group built the Germania Club Building on Germania Place in the Near North Side of Chicago. It produced a catalog of the 500 books in its library and a 1903 Yearbook in German. The club purchased German related architectural items to furnish the club, including an 18 foot tall section of Manufacturer's Building from the World's Columbian Exposition which had been made by a German porcelain company and 18 inch tall wooden panels that measured up to 11 feet long decorated with intricate carvings of scenes from Wagner's operas that had originally been created for

3760-466: The group then researched various sites in and around Springfield, selecting a centrally located, hilltop site known as Mather Block, and a temporary receiving vault was built there. However, Mrs. Lincoln selected Oak Ridge Cemetery for her husband's burial. Despite repeated attempts by the association to change the location of the burial to Mather Block, she remained firm in her decision. A large number of Illinois politicians were in Washington when Lincoln

3840-554: The head of the family, he felt that it was his duty to protect her, although he did wish that she would have "every liberty and privilege" restored to her as soon as she was better. On May 20, 1875, she arrived at Bellevue Place , a private, upscale sanitarium in the Fox River Valley. Three months after she started living there, Mary Lincoln was able to escape from Bellevue Place. She smuggled letters to her lawyer, James B. Bradwell , and his wife, Myra . Mary also wrote to

3920-522: The last weeks of the American Civil War on General Grant's staff, a status which meant, in all likelihood, he would not be involved in actual combat. He was present at Appomattox when Robert E. Lee surrendered. He resigned his commission on June 12, 1865, and returned to civilian life. Lincoln was once saved from possible serious injury or death by Edwin Booth , whose brother, John Wilkes Booth , assassinated Robert's father . This event took place on

4000-484: The message was: "the remains of the president should be placed in the vault of Oak Ridge and nowhere else." The Oak Ridge vault was readied but work on the Mather vault continued as a "contingency." When the tomb was completed in 1874, Lincoln's coffin was placed in a white marble sarcophagus in a burial room behind a steel gate locked with a padlock. In November 1876, Chicago counterfeiter James "Big Jim" Kennally planned to steal Lincoln's body and hold it in exchange for

4080-443: The occurrence to Colonel Adam Badeau , a fellow officer who happened to be a friend of Edwin Booth's. Badeau sent a letter to Booth, complimenting the actor for his heroism. Before receiving the letter, Booth had been unaware that the man whose life he had saved on the train platform was the president's son. The knowledge of whom he had saved that day was said to have been of some comfort to Booth following his brother's assassination of

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4160-419: The open space, and was personally helpless, when my coat collar was vigorously seized and I was quickly pulled up and out to a secure footing on the platform. Upon turning to thank my rescuer I saw it was Edwin Booth, whose face was of course well known to me, and I expressed my gratitude to him, and in doing so, called him by name. Months afterwards, while serving on Grant's US Army staff, Robert Lincoln recalled

4240-475: The president. Grant also sent Booth a letter of gratitude for his action. On the night his father was assassinated, Robert had turned down an invitation to accompany the Lincolns to Ford's Theatre due to fatigue after spending much of his recent time in a covered wagon at the battlefront. Ten days later, Robert Lincoln wrote President Andrew Johnson requesting that he and his family be allowed to stay in

4320-588: The subpoena issued for him to testify in the 1895 conspiracy trials of the American Railway Union 's leaders (during the 1894 Pullman Strike ). Pullman hid from the deputy marshal sent to his office with the subpoena and then appeared with Lincoln to meet privately with Judge Grosscup after the jury had been dismissed. In 1911, Lincoln became chairman of the Pullman Company board, a position he held until 1924. A serious nonprofessional astronomer , Lincoln had an observatory built at Hildene, and

4400-461: The teenage years and also the only to outlive both parents. Robert Lincoln became a business lawyer and company president, and served as both United States Secretary of War (1881–1885) and the U.S. Ambassador to Great Britain (1889–1893). Lincoln was born in Springfield, Illinois , and graduated from Harvard College . He then served on the staff of General Ulysses S. Grant as a captain in

4480-439: The temporary vault northeast of the tomb. On April 24, 1901, the Lincoln family was removed from the temporary vault and placed back into the Lincoln Tomb. While President Lincoln was finally at rest, the remainder of the Lincoln family was moved two more times. The coffins containing the bodies of Mary, Eddie, Willie, and Tad Lincoln were removed during the second tomb reconstruction (1930–1931) from their crypts and transported to

4560-563: The train in a logistics capacity: Captain Charles Penrose, as quartermaster and commissary of subsistence; Ward Hill Lamon , Lincoln's longtime bodyguard and friend and U.S. Marshal for the District of Columbia; and Dr. Charles B. Brown and Frank T. Sands, embalmer and undertaker , respectively. Governor Oliver P. Morton of Indiana ; Governor John Brough of Ohio ; and Governor William M. Stone of Iowa accompanied

4640-457: The train made several stops in principal cities and state capitals for processions, orations, and additional lyings in state. Many Americans viewed the train along the route and participated in associated ceremonies. The train left Washington, D.C., on April 21 at 12:30   pm. It bore Lincoln's eldest son Robert Todd and the remains of Lincoln's younger son, William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862), but not Lincoln's wife Mary Todd Lincoln , who

4720-462: The train passed or stopped there was a crowd to pay their respects. By 1874, several features had been added to the Lincoln Tomb , including a 117-foot (36 m)-tall granite obelisk surrounded with several bronze statues of Lincoln and soldiers and sailors. Mary Todd Lincoln and three of their four sons—Willie, Eddie , and Tad —are also buried there. Today, it is owned and managed as

4800-666: The train with their aides. Lincoln's funeral train was the first national commemoration of a president's death by rail. Lincoln was observed, mourned, and honored by the citizens and visitors at 13 stops: Washington, D.C. , Baltimore , Harrisburg , Philadelphia , New York City , Albany , Buffalo , Cleveland , Columbus , Indianapolis , Michigan City , Chicago , and Springfield : in from / until private viewing: April 18, 5:30 p.m. / 7:30 p.m. April 22, 1865: 7   a.m. / 9   a.m. public viewing: April 23, 1865: 6   a.m. / April 24, 1865: 1:17   a.m. The train passed 444 communities in 7 states (Lincoln

4880-491: Was assassinated on April 14, 1865, a three-week series of events was held to mourn the death and memorialize the life of the 16th president of the United States . Funeral services, a procession, and a lying in state were first held in Washington, D.C. , then a funeral train transported Lincoln's remains 1,654 miles (2,662 km) through seven states for burial in Springfield, Illinois . Never exceeding 20 mph,

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4960-617: Was 56). They were relieved to find that the seals on the coffin were intact and that Lincoln's remains had not been disturbed. The following July, Kennally or some other member of the conspiracy asked Power to bury the coffin. He said that the unventilated basement was almost impossible to enter in the summer weather and also moving the heavy coffin had been brutally hard on himself and the other aging Monument Association members. Power, who had recently celebrated his 70th birthday, said that he suffered from crippling pain for months afterward and had no desire to do it again. The coffin therefore sat in

5040-538: Was a personage, made his own history, independently of his great father, and should have his own place 'in the sun'". Lincoln's body was buried at Arlington National Cemetery in a sarcophagus designed by the sculptor James Earle Fraser . He is buried together with his wife, Mary, and their son, Abraham II ("Jack"), who had died in London, England, of sepsis in 1890 at the age of 16. Weeks after Jack's death, Robert wrote to his cousin Charles Edwards, "We had

5120-461: Was already concerned about what he thought were his mother's compulsive and extravagant spending, hallucinations, and eccentric behaviors. Fearing that she was a danger to herself, he arranged to have her committed to a psychiatric hospital in Batavia, Illinois , in 1875. With his mother in the hospital, he was left with control of her finances, although he used his own money to pay for her care. As

5200-598: Was assassinated, including the Governor , Richard J. Oglesby , a close friend of Lincoln. A few hours after Lincoln's death they met in Sen. Richard Yates' room at the National Hotel , to arrange a burial in Springfield, Illinois. Governor Oglesby was selected to confer with the Lincoln family on a burial place. Informal conferences were held on April 16. Mary Lincoln was not receiving visitors, but she preferred Chicago or

5280-572: Was born in Springfield, Illinois , on August 1, 1843, to Abraham Lincoln and Mary Todd Lincoln . He had three younger brothers, Edward , William , and Tad . By the time Lincoln was born, his father had become a well-known member of the Whig political party and had previously served as a member of the Illinois state legislature for four terms. He was named after his maternal grandfather, Robert Smith Todd . Some commentators believe that Lincoln had

5360-427: Was certified to practice law four days later on February 26, 1867. On September 24, 1868, Lincoln married Mary Eunice Harlan , daughter of Senator James Harlan and Ann Eliza Peck of Mount Pleasant, Iowa . They had three children, two daughters and one son: Mary "Mamie" Lincoln, Abraham "Jack" Lincoln II, and Jessie Harlan Lincoln. Robert, Mary, and the children would often leave their hot city life behind for

5440-475: Was coincidentally either present or nearby when three presidential assassinations occurred. Lincoln himself recognized these coincidences. He is said to have refused a later presidential invitation with the comment, "No, I'm not going, and they'd better not ask me, because there is a certain fatality about presidential functions when I am present." Robert Todd Lincoln died in his sleep at Hildene , his Vermont home, on July 26, 1926, at age 82. The cause of death

5520-469: Was covered with a yellow mold and his gloves had rotted on his hands. On his chest, they could see some bits of red fabric—remnants of the American flag with which he was buried, which had by then disintegrated: A second, major reconstruction of the tomb was undertaken in 1930–31. Much deterioration had occurred due to poor construction during the 1900–1901 reconstruction. During the second reconstruction,

5600-605: Was given by his physician as a " cerebral hemorrhage induced by arteriosclerosis ". His body was stored in the receiving vault at Dellwood Cemetery from July 1926 until March 1928 when arrangements were made to inter his remains at Arlington National Cemetery . Robert had long expressed his intention to be buried in the Lincoln Tomb with his family at the Oak Ridge Cemetery in Springfield. Two weeks after his death, his widow Mary Harlan Lincoln wrote to her husband's niece of an inspired thought: "...[O]ur darling

5680-448: Was in constant need of repair. In 1900, a complete reconstruction was undertaken, Lincoln's remains were exhumed, and the coffin was placed back in the white marble sarcophagus. On April 25, 1901, upon completion of the reconstruction, Robert Todd Lincoln visited the tomb. He was unhappy with the disposition of his father's remains and decided that it was necessary to build a permanent crypt for his father. Lincoln's coffin would be placed in

5760-475: Was in construction at the top of the hill. The body of Lincoln's son Edward "Eddie" Baker Lincoln (three years, ten months) was already placed there on December 13, 1865. Eddie, born March 10, 1846, died February 1, 1850, and was first buried at the Hutchinson Cemetery in Springfield. The three bodies rested in the temporary vault while the Lincoln tomb was being built. The three bodies were moved to

5840-812: Was not viewed in state in New Jersey ). Two future presidents viewed the train, Theodore Roosevelt in New York and Grover Cleveland in Buffalo. There is an immersive laying in state exhibit in the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum in Springfield, Illinois . The exhibit is a full-scale recreation of the Representative's Hall in the Old State Capital Building in Springfield. It

5920-411: Was opened. Lincoln was perfectly recognizable, more than thirty years after his death. His face was a gold color from unhealed bruises, a result of contrecoup (injury on the opposite side of the head from point of impact) caused by the gunshot wound, which shattered the bones in his face and damaged the tissue. His hair, beard and mole were all perfectly preserved although his eyebrows were gone. His suit

6000-530: Was part of a widespread tradition of local ethnic music and social groups across the United States during the 19th Century with ensembles of the same name existing in Baltimore, Maryland, Washington, DC, New York, Saginaw, MI, and Evansville, Indiana. The Chicago-based Germania Männerchor participated in the 1867 Nord-Amerikanischer Sängerbund held in Indianapolis, performing the works of Franz Abt under

6080-487: Was ready for use on May 24 (the day of the burial), although the work was not quite completed on the outside. The Mather Block of land was later used as the site of the Illinois State Capitol building. Mary Lincoln however recalled that Lincoln once had said that he wanted a quiet place for his burial at Oak Ridge (said to her on May 24, 1860, when Lincoln, then running for president, and Mary attended

6160-428: Was selected, a plot that could be seen from the major railroad line (Chicago and Alton Railroad), a plot in the center of Springfield on a hill. Fifty thousand dollars were donated for the purchase and the work of constructing a temporary vault started immediately. The vault was designed to be a resting place for the remains until a grand monument could be erected. By men working night and day, through sunshine and rain, it

6240-606: Was the last surviving member of the Garfield and Arthur Cabinets, and the last-surviving witness of Lee's surrender at Appomattox. The Lincoln Sea , a body of water in the Arctic Ocean between Canada and Greenland , was named after then Secretary of War Lincoln on Adolphus Greely 's 1881–1884 Arctic expedition . Lincoln's last surviving descendant, Robert Todd Lincoln Beckwith, died December 24, 1985. With him, Abraham Lincoln's family died out. Robert Todd Lincoln as

6320-403: Was too distraught to make the trip. The train largely retraced the route Lincoln had traveled to Washington as the president-elect on his way to his first inauguration , more than four years earlier. The train arrived at Springfield on May 3. After the final lying in state and related services, Lincoln was interred during a ceremony on May 4, at Oak Ridge Cemetery in Springfield. In every town

6400-612: Was transported in a procession down Pennsylvania Avenue to the Capitol Rotunda , where a ceremonial burial service was held. The body again lay in state on the 20th and on the early morning of the following day a prayer service was held for the Lincoln cabinet officials. At 7   a.m. on Friday, April 21, the Lincoln coffin was taken by honor guard to the depot. Cabinet secretaries Edwin M. Stanton , Gideon Welles , Hugh McCulloch , and John Palmer Usher , as well as, generals Ulysses S. Grant , and Montgomery C. Meigs left

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