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14-631: Ghalidzga ( Mingrelian : Ghalish Dzga - river bank Abkhaz : Аалдзга , romanized:  Aaldzga ) is a river in Ochamchire Municipality , Abkhazia , Georgia . It originates on the southern slope of the Kodori Range , near the Khojali Mountain  [ sv ] (elevation 3,313 m). Length - 53 km, basin area - 483 km. In the upper reaches there is a mountain river with well-defined rapid currents, in

28-424: A Mingrelian-German dictionary by Otar Kajaia and Heinz Fähnrich , and books of poems by Lasha Gakharia , Edem Izoria , Lasha Gvasalia , Guri Otobaia , Giorgi Sichinava , Jumber Kukava , and Vakhtang Kharchilava , journal Skani , Mingrelian wikipedia, as well as books and magazines published by Jehovah's Witnesses. Mingrelian has five primary vowels a , e , i , o , u . The Zugdidi-Samurzaqano dialect has

42-423: A friendly against Yugoslavia . He played at the 1966 FIFA World Cup , where USSR made it to the semi-finals. This biographical article relating to Soviet association football is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This biographical article relating to association football in the country of Georgia is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Abkhazian biographical article

56-498: A phonetic analysis by Aleksandre Tsagareli (1880), and grammars by Ioseb Kipshidze (1914) and Shalva Beridze (1920). From 1930 to 1938 several newspapers were published in Mingrelian, such as Kazakhishi Gazeti , Komuna , Samargalosh Chai , Narazenish Chai , and Samargalosh Tutumi . More recently, there has been some revival of the language, with the publication of a Mingrelian–Georgian dictionary by Otar Kajaia ,

70-404: A sixth, ə , which is the result of reduction of i and u . The consonant inventory of Mingrelian is almost identical to that of Laz , Georgian , and Svan . Certain pairs of vowels reduce to single vowels: In Zugdidi-Samurzaqano dialect the vowels i and u also often reduce to ə . Before consonants, g → r . In word-initial prevocalic and intervocalic positions, q' → ʔ . Before

84-430: A stem with voiceless affricates or voiceless sibilants, a later ǯ is deaffricated to d , e.g. orcxondji dj orcxondi "comb", ç̌andji dj ç̌andi "fly (insect)", isindji dj isindi "arrow", etc. Between the vowels the organic v disappears, e.g. xvavi (Geo. "abundance, plenty") → * xvai → xvee (id.), mṭevani (Geo. "raceme") → ţiani (id.), etc. Before

98-438: Is mutually intelligible only with Laz . Some linguists refer to Mingrelian and Laz as Zan languages . Zan had already split into Mingrelian and Laz variants by early modern times, however, and it is not customary to speak of a unified Zan language today. The oldest surviving texts in Mingrelian date from the 19th century, and are mainly items of ethnographical literature. The earliest linguistic studies of Mingrelian include

112-441: Is closely related to Laz , from which it has become differentiated mostly in the past 500 years, after the northern (Mingrelian) and southern (Laz) communities were separated by Turkic invasions. It is less closely related to Georgian, the two branches having separated in the first millennium BC or earlier, and even more distantly related to Svan , which is believed to have branched off in the 2nd millennium BC or earlier. Mingrelian

126-871: The Mingrelia (or Samegrelo and formerly Odishi ) region of Georgia, which comprises the Odishi Hills and the Colchis Lowlands , from the Black Sea coast to the Svan Mountains and the Tskhenistskali River . Smaller enclaves existed in Abkhazia , but the ongoing civil unrest there has displaced many Mingrelian speakers to other regions of Georgia. Their geographical distribution is relatively compact, which has helped to promote

140-415: The consonant v , q' → ɣ/ǩ . The common types are: If the stem contains r then the suffixes -ar and -ur transform to -al and -ul , e.g. xorga ( Gaghma Pirveli Khorga  [ ka ] , the village)→ xorg-ul-i ("Khorgan"). The rule is not valid if in the stem with r an l appears later, e.g. marṫvili (" Martvili ", the town) dj marṫvil-ur-i (adj. "Martvilian") In

154-530: The lower reaches it flows into the lowlands and the Black Sea joins south of Ochamchire. It feeds on rain and groundwater. Knows floods in Spring , waterlogging in winter. Characterized by frequent flooding. Average annual flow near the city of Ochamchire - 25.1 mW / s. The main tributaries are the river Gejiri. Arrives in the cities of Tkvarcheli and Ochamchire . It is mentioned in 18th century sources as

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168-556: The stops and affricates, an inorganic augmentation n may appear (before labials n → m ). Mingrelian is written in Mkhedruli , Latin and Cyrillic . The main dialects and subdialects of Mingrelian are: Giorgi Sichinava Giorgi Vladimirovich Sitchinava ( Georgian : გიორგი სიჭინავა , born 15 September 1944 in Gagra ) is a retired Soviet football player. Sichinava made his debut for USSR on 22 November 1964 in

182-529: The transmission of the language between generations. Mingrelian is generally written in the Georgian alphabet , but it has no written standard or official status. Almost all speakers are bilingual; they use Mingrelian mainly for familiar and informal conversation, and Georgian (or, for expatriate speakers, the local official language) for other purposes. Mingrelian is one of the Kartvelian languages . It

196-468: The western border of Samurzakano . This Abkhazia location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to a river in Georgia is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Mingrelian language No reliable figure exists for the number of native speakers of Mingrelian, but it is estimated to be between 300,000 and 500,000. Most speakers live in

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