25-928: Giulio ( Italian: [ˈdʒuːljo] ) is an Italian given name. It is also used as a surname. Notable people with the name include: Given name [ edit ] A–K [ edit ] Giulio Alberoni (1664–1752), Italian cardinal and statesman Giulio Alenio (1582–1649), Italian Jesuit missionary and scholar Giulio Alfieri (1924–2002), Italian automobile engineer Giulio Andreotti (1919–2013), Italian politician Giulio Carlo Argan (1909–1992), Italian politician and art historian Giulio Base (born 1964), Italian film director Giulio Berruti (born 1984), Italian film and television actor Giulio Bizzozero (1846–1901), Italian physician Giulio Bosetti (1930–2009), Italian actor and director Giulio Brogi (1935–2019), Italian actor Giulio Caccini ( c. 1545–1618), Florentine composer, significant innovator of
50-588: A publication now in the public domain : Chisholm, Hugh , ed. (1911). " Alberoni, Giulio ". Encyclopædia Britannica . Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 493. Giulio Lepschy Giulio Ciro Lepschy FBA ( IPA: [ˈdʒuːljo ˈtʃiːro ˈlɛpski] ; born 14 January 1935) is an Italian academic. He was Professor of Italian at the University of Reading from 1975 to 1997. Born in Venice in 1935, Lepschy attended
75-635: A specialty of Piacenza, is named for him. A " timballo Alberoni" combines maccaroni, shrimp sauce, mushrooms, butter and cheese. He died leaving a sum of 600,000 ducats to endow the seminary he had founded. He left the rest of the immense wealth he had acquired in Spain to his nephew. Alberoni produced many manuscripts . The genuineness of the Political Testament, published in his name at Lausanne in 1753, has been questioned. [REDACTED] This article incorporates text from
100-465: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Giulio Alberoni Giulio Alberoni (21 May 1664 OS – 26 June NS 1752) was an Italian cardinal and statesman in the service of Philip V of Spain . He was born near Piacenza on May 21, 1664, probably at the village of Fiorenzuola d'Arda in the Duchy of Parma . His father was a gardener, and he himself became first connected with
125-514: The University of Pisa and the Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa . He carried out research at various European universities until 1964, when he was appointed to a lectureship at the University of Reading . He was promoted to a readership in 1967 and then to Professor of Italian in 1975. He remained in that post full-time until 1997, when he reduced his workload to part-time; he retired completely in 2000. In 1987, Lepschy
150-760: The Duke of Parma. Elisabetta was a strong personality herself and formed an alliance with Alberoni, their first action being to banish the Princesse des Ursins. By the end of 1715, Alberoni had been made a Duke and Grandee of Spain, a member of the King's council, Bishop of Málaga and Chief Minister of the Hispanic Monarchy . In July 1717, Pope Clement XI appointed him Cardinal, allegedly because of his assistance in resolving several ecclesiastical disputes between Rome and Madrid in favour of Rome. One outcome of
175-531: The French economist Jean Orry . Some attempts were made to satisfy Spanish conservatives e.g. a new School of Navigation was reserved for the sons of the nobility. These reforms made Spain confident enough to attempt the recovery of territories in Italy ceded to Savoy and Charles VI of Austria . In 1717, a Spanish force occupied Sardinia unopposed; neither Austria or Savoy had significant naval forces and Austria
200-682: The Mediterranean by sponsoring a Jacobite landing to divert their naval resources; he also sought to end the 1716 Anglo-French Alliance by using the Cellamare conspiracy to replace the current French Regent the Duke of Orleans with Phillip of Spain. However, he failed to appreciate that Britain was now powerful enough to maintain naval superiority in the Mediterranean and the Atlantic while France declared war on Spain in December 1718 on
225-630: The Spanish Britain could land anywhere along their coastline and leave when they wanted to. The failure of his policy meant Alberoni was dismissed on 5 December 1719 and ordered to leave Spain, with the Treaty of The Hague in 1720 confirming the outcome of Utrecht. He went to Italy, escaped from arrest at Genoa, and had to take refuge among the Apennines , Pope Clement XI , who was his bitter enemy, having given strict orders for his arrest. On
250-853: The Spanish Empire was effectively partitioned. The Southern Netherlands and their Italian possessions were ceded to the Austrian Habsburgs and Savoy , Menorca and Gibraltar went to Britain while British merchants gained trading rights in the previously closed market of the Spanish Americas. At this time, the key powerbroker at the Spanish court was Marie-Anne de la Trémoille, princesse des Ursins who dominated Phillip and his wife Maria Luisa of Savoy . Alberoni worked with her and when Maria Luisa died in 1714 they arranged for Philip to marry Elisabetta Farnese , daughter of
275-3175: The Younger (1748–1822), Italian Catholic cardinal and diplomat Giulio Gallera (born 1969), Italian politician Giulio Gaudini (1904–1948), Italian fencer Giulio Gavotti (1882–1939), Italian pilot in the Italo-Turkish War and the first pilot to perform an aerial bombardment Giulio Giorello (1945–2020), Italian philosopher, mathematician and epistemologist Giulio Giuricich (born 1990), South African footballer L–Z [ edit ] Giulio Lepschy (born 1935), Italian linguist and teacher Giulio Maceratini (1938–2020), Italian politician Giulio Maculani (1920–1980), Italian actor Giulio Martinat (1891–1943), Italian general Giulio de' Medici (1478–1534), better known as Pope Clement VII (1523–1534), 16th-century Catholic pope Giulio de' Medici ( c. 1533–1600), Italian noble Giulio Meotti , Italian journalist Giulio Migliaccio (born 1981), Italian footballer Giulio Monteverde (1837–1917), Italian sculptor and teacher Giulio Natta (1903–1979), Italian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate Giulio Oggioni (1916–1993), Italian bishop Giulio Orsini (died 1517), Italian condottiero Giulio Pace (1550–1635), Italian philosopher Giulio Parigi (1571–1635), Italian painter, engraver and architect Giulio Parodi (born 1997), Italian footballer Giulio Petroni (1917–2010), Italian filmmaker Giulio Pittarelli (1852–1934), Italian mathematician and painter Giulio Prisco (born 1957), Italian computer scientist Giulio Prosperetti (born 1946), Italian labor law scholar and judge Giulio Quercini (born 1941), Italian journalist and politician Giulio Racah (1909–1965), Italian-Israeli mathematician and physicist Giulio Regeni (1988–2016), Italian murder victim Giulio Regondi (1823–1872), Italian composer Giulio Ricciarelli (born 1965), German-Italian actor Giulio Ricordi (1840–1912), Italian musician Giulio Rinaldi (1935–2011), Italian boxer Giulio Romano ( c. 1499–1546), Italian painter Giulio Rosati (1587–1917), Italian painter Giulio Rospigliosi, better known as Pope Clement IX (1600–1669), 17th-century Catholic pope Giulio Salvadori (1862–1928), Italian poet Giulio Sanseverino (born 1994), Italian footballer Giulio Santagata (born 1949), Italian politician Giulio Antonio Santorio (1532–1602), Italian cardinal Giulio Saraudi (1938–2005), Italian boxer Giulio Sarrocchi (1887–1971), Italian fencer Giulio Savelli (1941–2020), Italian politician Giulio Scarpati (born 1956), Italian actor Giulio Taccon (born 2002), Italian-Chinese pianist Giulio Toniolatti (born 1984), Italian rugby union player Giulio Tononi (born 1960), Italian neuroscientist and psychiatrist Giulio Turcato (1912–1995), Italian painter Surname [ edit ] Carlo Ignazio Giulio (1803–1859), Italian mathematician and mechanical engineer [REDACTED] Name list This page or section lists people that share
SECTION 10
#1732773250585300-457: The church in the humble position of a bellringer and verger in the Duomo of Piacenza ; he was twenty-one when the judge Ignazio Gardini, of Ravenna , was banished, and he followed Gardini to Ravenna, where he met the vice-legate Giorgio Barni , who was made bishop of Piacenza in 1688 and appointed Alberoni chamberlain of his household. Alberoni took priest's orders, and afterwards accompanied
325-639: The consent of the pope to suppress the hospital, which had fallen into great disorder, and replaced it with a seminary for the priestly education of seventy poor boys, under the name of the Collegio Alberoni , which it still bears. The Cardinal's collections of art gathered in Rome and Piacenza, housed in his richly appointed private apartments, have been augmented by the Collegio. There are remarkable suites of Flemish tapestries, and paintings, among which
350-482: The death of Clement in 1721, Alberoni boldly appeared at the conclave, and took part in the election of Innocent XIII , after which he was for a short time imprisoned by the new pontiff on the demand of Spain on charges including sodomy ( Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatine noted in her diaries that he was a pederast ). He was ultimately cleared by a commission of his fellow Cardinals. At the next election (1724) he
375-569: The discovery of the Conspiracy. France invaded eastern Spain and in October 1719 a British naval expedition captured the Spanish port of Vigo ; they landed 6,000 troops, held Vigo for ten days, destroyed vast quantities of stores and equipment and then re-embarked unopposed. The nearby city of Santiago de Compostela even paid £40,000 in return for being left alone. As intended, this was a crushing demonstration of British naval power and showed
400-408: The duke had wiped his buttocks in front of him: Saint-Simon in his Mémoires relates that Alberoni gained Vendôme's favour when he was received in the same way, but reacted adroitly by kissing the duke's buttocks and crying "O culo di angelo!". The duke was amused, and this joke started Alberoni's brilliant career. When the French forces were recalled in 1706, he accompanied the duke to Paris, where he
425-1297: The early Baroque era Giulio Calì (1895–1967), Italian actor Giulio Camillo ( c. 1480–1544), Italian philosopher Giulio Campagnola ( c. 1482–1515), Italian painter Giulio Campi (1500–1572), Italian painter and architect Giulio Cappelli (1911–1995), Italian footballer Giulio Caracciolo (archbishop of Cassano all'Jonio) (died 1599), 16th-century Roman Catholic archbishop Giulio Caracciolo (archbishop of Iconium) (born 1672), 17th-century Roman Catholic archbishop Giulio Carmassi (born 1981), Italian multi-instrumentalist Giulio Carmignani (1813–1890), Italian painter Giulio Ceretti (1868–1934), Italian engineer and entrepreneur Giulio Cesare (disambiguation) , several people Giulio Ciccone (born 1994), Italian cyclist Giulio Clovio (1498–1578), Italian painter Giulio Cybo (1525–1548), Italian noble Giulio Doffi (1534–1596), Italian Roman Catholic prelate Giulio Donati (born 1990), Italian footballer Giulio Einaudi (1912–1999), Italian book publisher Giulio Favale (born 1998), Italian footballer Giulio Fioravanti (1923–1999), Italian operatic baritone Giulio Fiou (born 1938), Italian politician Giulio Gabrielli (1604–1677), Italian Catholic cardinal Giulio Gabrielli
450-439: The grand republic of San Marino to the papal states incurred the pope's displeasure and left a historical scar in that place's memory. He was soon replaced by another legate in 1740, and he retired to Piacenza , where in 1730 Clement XII appointed him administrator of the hospital of San Lazzaro , an institute founded in the medieval era for the benefit of lepers . Since leprosy had nearly disappeared in Italy, Alberoni obtained
475-511: The most famous is the Ecce Homo by Antonello da Messina (1473), but which also include panels by Jan Provoost and other Flemish artists, oil paintings by Domenico Maria Viani and Francesco Solimena . Alberoni was a gourmand . Interspersed in his official correspondence with Parma are requests for local delicacies triffole ( truffles ), salame , robiola cheeses, and agnolini (kind of pasta). The pork dish " Coppa del Cardinale " ,
500-823: The same given name or the same family name . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change that link to point directly to the intended article. Numismatic [ edit ] Giulio , a currency and coin of the papal states first struck by Pope Julius II See also [ edit ] Julio (disambiguation) Julian Giuliano (disambiguation) Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Giulio&oldid=1240576822 " Categories : Given names Surnames Italian masculine given names Masculine given names Surnames from given names Surnames of Italian origin Hidden categories: Pages with Italian IPA Articles with short description Short description
525-548: The son of his patron to Rome. During the War of the Spanish Succession Alberoni laid the foundation of his political success by the services he rendered to Louis-Joseph, duc de Vendôme , commander of the French forces in Italy, to whom the duke of Parma had sent him. That a low-ranking priest was used as an envoy was due to the duke's rude manners: the previous envoy, the bishop of Parma , had quit because
SECTION 20
#1732773250585550-505: The war was to reduce the powers of Castile and Aragon and create a Spanish state similar to the centralised French system. This allowed Alberoni to copy the economic reforms of Colbert and he passed a series of decrees aimed at restoring the Spanish economy. These abolished internal custom-houses, promoted trade with the Americas , instituted a regular mail service to the colonies and reorganised state finances along lines established by
575-865: Was engaged in the Austro-Turkish War of 1716–18 . This assumed the British would not intervene but when 38,000 Spanish troops landed on Sicily in 1718, Britain declared it a violation of Utrecht. On 2 August 1718, Britain, France, the Netherlands and the Austrians formed the Quadruple Alliance and on 11 August the Royal Navy destroyed a Spanish fleet off Sicily at the Battle of Cape Passaro . Alberoni now attempted to offset British in
600-410: Was favourably received by Louis XIV . Alberoni accompanied Vendôme to Spain as his secretary and became very active in promoting the cause of the French candidate Philip V . Following Vendôme's death, in 1713 he was made a Count and appointed Consular agent for Parma at Philip's court where he was a Royal favourite. Under the terms of the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht , Philip became King of Spain but
625-578: Was himself proposed for the papal chair, and secured ten votes at the conclave that elected Benedict XIII . Benedict's successor, Clement XII (elected 1730), named him legate of Ravenna , where he erected the Porta Alberoni (1739), a magnificent gateway that formerly provided access to the city's dockyards, and has since been moved to the entrance of the Teatro Rasi. That same year, the strong and unwarrantable measures he adopted to subject
#584415