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33-649: The Gibraltar Social Democrats (GSD) is a liberal-conservative , centre-right political party in Gibraltar . The GSD was the governing party for four successive terms in office under the leadership of Peter Caruana , from the 1996 general election until the party's electoral defeat in the 2011 election by the GSLP–Liberal Alliance . On 30 November 2017, the party underwent their second leadership election as its leader, Daniel Feetham , resigned in July. As

66-446: A right-wing populist posture. Being liberal often involves stressing free market economics and the belief in individual responsibility together with the defense of civil rights and support for a limited welfare state . Compared to other centre-right political traditions such as Christian democracy , liberal conservatives are less socially conservative and more economically liberal, favouring low taxes and minimal state intervention in

99-550: A result, 60.6% of the votes (from executives and members of the party) had gone to support rejoined GSD member, Keith Azopardi , who was a minister and Deputy Chief Minister under the first few years of Peter Caruana 's run as Chief Minister. Azopardi had beaten interim leader Roy Clinton , who had gained 39.4% of the votes. The party emerged, after the collapse of the Association for the Advancement of Civil Rights , as

132-848: Is also associated with support for moderate forms of social safety net and environmentalism (see also green conservatism and green liberalism ). This variety of liberal conservatism has been espoused by Nordic conservatives (the Moderate Party in Sweden, the Conservative Party in Norway and the National Coalition Party in Finland) which have been fending off competition from right-wing populists to their right and do not include Christian democrats; and at times

165-474: Is far more anti-statist than liberal conservatism and is much more hostile to government intervention in both social and economic matters. Combining conservative cultural principles but with less social intervention and a more laissez faire economic system. Neoconservatism is sometimes described as the same or similar to liberal conservatism in Europe. However, Peter Lawler has regarded neoconservatism in

198-573: Is the case in continental Europe , Australia and Latin America . 2000 Gibraltar general election Peter Caruana Social Democrats Peter Caruana Social Democrats General elections were held in Gibraltar in 2000. They were won by Peter Caruana's incumbent Gibraltar Social Democrats (GSD), which received over 50% of the popular vote and won eight of the fifteen seats. The first fifteen candidates were elected to

231-411: The 2000 election , the party won 58.35% of the popular vote and 8 seats. In the 2003 election , the party won 51.45% of the popular vote and 8 seats. In the 2007 election to the newly named (and reorganised) Gibraltar Parliament , the party won 49.33% of the popular vote and 10 seats. In the 2011 election , the party won 46.76% of the popular vote and 7 seats, unable to secure a fifth term. In

264-476: The 2013 by-election , the GSD candidate Marlene Hassan Nahon won 39.95% of the popular vote. In the 2015 election , the party won 31.56% of the popular vote and 7 seats. The GSD endorsed the Conservative Party in the 2015 British general election . In the 2019 election , the party won 25.60% of the popular vote and 6 seats. In the 2023 election , the party won 48.15% of the popular vote and 8 seats After

297-1115: The Christian Democratic Appeal in the Netherlands, the Christian Democratic Union in Germany and the People's Party in Austria) have become almost undistinguishable from other liberal-conservative parties. On the other hand, newer liberal-conservative parties (such as New Democracy in Greece, the Social Democratic Party in Portugal, the People's Party in Spain, Forza Italia / The People of Freedom / Forza Italia in Italy,

330-583: The Gibraltar Socialist Labour Party . In the 1991 by-election to the Gibraltar House of Assembly, following the resignation of GSD Leader Peter Montegriffo , Peter Caruana was elected party leader and won 61.81% of the popular vote to fill in the vacant seat. In the 1992 election , the party won 20.20% of the popular vote and 7 seats. In the 1996 election , the party won 52.20% of the popular vote and 8 seats. In

363-638: The Union for a Popular Movement / The Republicans in France and most centre-right parties from countries once belonging to the Eastern Bloc and Yugoslavia ) have not adopted traditional labels, but their ideologies are also a mixture of conservatism, Christian democracy and liberalism. In the modern European discourse, liberal conservatism usually encompasses centre-right political outlooks that reject at least to some extent social conservatism. This position

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396-645: The centre-left of the political spectrum, in contrast to many European countries where liberalism is often more associated with the centre and centre-right while social democracy makes up a substantial part of the centre-left. The opposite is true in Latin America , where economically liberal conservatism is often labelled under the rubric of neoliberalism both in popular culture and academic discourse. Although libertarian conservatism has similarities to liberal conservatism with both being influenced by classical liberal thought, libertarian conservatism

429-644: The market and generate wealth without government interference. However, liberal conservatives also hold that individuals cannot be thoroughly depended on to act responsibly in other spheres of life; therefore, they believe that a strong state is necessary to ensure law and order and that social institutions are needed to nurture a sense of duty and responsibility to the nation. Liberal conservatives also support civil liberties , along with some socially conservative positions. They differ on social issues , with some being socially conservative and others socially liberal, though all liberal conservatives broadly support

462-502: The rule of law regarding civil rights , social equality and the environment . This is equated with the creation of a cohesive and tolerant society with increased levels of individual responsibility and less inequality . Liberal conservatism shares the classical liberal tenets of a commitment to individualism , belief in negative freedom , a lightly regulated free market, and a minimal rule of law state. A number of commentators have stated that many conservative currents in

495-930: The rule of law , private property , the market economy and constitutional representative government, the liberal element of liberal conservatism became consensual among conservatives. In some countries such as the United Kingdom and the United States, the term liberal conservatism came to be understood simply as conservatism in popular culture, prompting some conservatives who embraced more strongly classical-liberal values to call themselves libertarians instead. However, there are differences between classical liberals and libertarians. In their embrace of liberal and free market principles, European liberal conservatives are clearly distinguishable from those holding national-conservative , fully socially conservative and/or outright populist views, let alone

528-493: The 1980s, such as Thatcherism , were rejuvenated classical liberals in all but name. However, in contrast to classical liberalism there is a stronger social agenda and support for a greater degree of state intervention especially in certain areas of social life which liberal conservatives believe should not be subject to market forces. Particularly in regards to the family, sexuality, health and education, these should either always be periodically regulated or minimally protected by

561-679: The British Conservative Party . In an interview shortly after taking office as Prime Minister in 2010, David Cameron introduced himself as a liberal conservative. During his first speech to a party conference in 2006, Cameron had defined this as believing in individual freedom and human rights , but being skeptical of "grand schemes to remake the world". Defunct Newspapers Journals TV channels Websites Other Economics Gun rights Identity politics Nativist Religion Watchdog groups Youth/student groups Miscellaneous Other In

594-538: The General Elections, there was the party’s leadership elections between the incumbent Party and Opposition Leader, Keith Azopardi and his colleague, Damon Bossino, who was appointed Shadow Minister for Housing, Lands & Transport. The former identifies himself as a centrist and progressive GSD MP whilst the latter identifies as a more conservative figure. On December, the results were in favour of Azopardi with 58% compared to his opponent with 42%. Gibraltar

627-414: The United States as conservative liberalism and distinguished it from liberal conservatism. Historically, conservatism in the 18th and 19th centuries comprised a set of principles based on concern for established tradition , respect for authority and religious values . This form of traditionalist or classical conservatism is often considered to be exemplified by the writings of Joseph de Maistre in

660-513: The United States, conservatives often combine the economic individualism of classical liberals with a Burkean form of conservatism that emphasizes the natural inequalities between men, the irrationality of human behavior as the basis for the human drive for order and stability and the rejection of natural rights as the basis for government. From a different perspective, American conservatism (a "hybrid of conservatism and classical liberalism") has exalted three tenets of Burkean conservatism, namely

693-510: The basis of current liberal conservatism which can be seen both in the works of Raymond Aron and Michael Oakeshott . However, there is general agreement that the original liberal conservatives were those who combined conservative social attitudes with an economically liberal outlook, adapting a previous aristocratic understanding of natural inequalities between men to the rule of meritocracy , without directly criticizing privileges of birth as long as individual liberties were guaranteed. Over time,

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726-434: The diffidence toward the power of the state, the preference of liberty over equality and for patriotism while rejecting the three remaining tenets, namely loyalty to traditional institutions and hierarchies, skepticism regarding progress and elitism. Consequently, the term liberal conservatism is not used in the United States. Modern American liberalism happens to be quite different from European liberalism and occupies

759-630: The economy. At the European level, Christian democrats and most liberal conservatives are affiliated to the European People's Party (EPP), while liberals (including conservative and social liberals) to the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party (ALDE Party). In this context, some traditionally Christian-democratic parties (such as Christian-Democratic and Flemish in Belgium,

792-477: The fathers of liberalism , including economic liberalism , the separation of church and state , social liberalism and utilitarianism . According to scholar Andrew Vincent, the maxim of liberal conservatism is "economics is prior to politics". Others emphasize the openness of historical change and a suspicion of tyrannical majorities behind the hailing of individual liberties and traditional virtues by authors such as Edmund Burke and Alexis de Tocqueville as

825-475: The main opposition to the Gibraltar Socialist Labour Party (GSLP). The GSD was founded in 1989 by former AACR MP, Peter Montegriffo. When Peter Montegriffo resigned his Parliamentary seat in 1991, Peter Caruana who had become Party Leader won that contested bye-election against the then main opposition Party, the AACR. In 1996 the GSD managed to overturn a massive majority that the then GSLP Government had obtained at

858-529: The majority of conservatives in the Western world came to adopt free market economic ideas as the Industrial Revolution progressed and the monarchy, aristocracy and clergy lost their wealth and power, to the extent that such ideas are now generally considered as part of conservatism. Nonetheless, the term liberal is used in most countries to describe those with free-market economic views. This

891-427: The name of the party suggesting that it's a social democratic party, the GSD has been described as liberal-conservative and centre-right . The party supports the current constitutional status of Gibraltar as an autonomous British overseas territory and is opposed to any proposal of joint British – Spanish sovereignty . The GSD has traditionally been less hostile in its attitude to Spain than its main rival,

924-472: The post- Enlightenment age. Contemporaneous liberalism , now recalled as classical liberalism , advocated both political freedom for individuals and a free market in the economic sphere. Ideas of this sort were promulgated by John Locke , Montesquieu , Voltaire , Jean-Jacques Rousseau , Ben Franklin , Thomas Jefferson , Thomas Paine , Edward Gibbon , David Hume , Adam Smith , Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill , who are respectively remembered as

957-476: The previous 1992 general election and were elected to Government. The first GSD administration was made up of Peter Caruana [as Chief Minister], Peter Montegriffo [as Deputy Chief Minister], Ernest Britto, Hubert Corby, Keith Azopardi, Joe Holliday, Bernard Linares and Jaime Netto. In 2005, the GSD merged with the Gibraltar Labour Party , retaining the GSD name for the enlarged party. The merger

990-465: The state. Both conservatism and liberalism have had different meanings over time in different centuries. The term liberal conservatism has been used in quite different ways. It usually contrasts with aristocratic conservatism, which deems the principle of equality as something discordant with human nature and emphasizes instead the idea of natural inequality. As conservatives in democratic countries have embraced typical liberal institutions such as

1023-411: Was over. Caruana declared that he would not fight the next election and will be stepping out of politics completely. The leadership was contested by two GSD MPs: Daniel Feetham and Damon Bossino . Feetham was elected on 4 February 2013 as Leader of the party by majority vote of the executive. This was the first time a party's leadership was to be democratically contested between two candidates. Despite

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1056-685: Was part of the South West England constituency in the European parliament and its major parties formed joint ticket alliances with the major UK parties. From 2004 until Brexit, the Gibraltar Social Democrats were in an alliance with the Conservatives . (interim) Liberal-conservative The ideology incorporates the classical liberal view of minimal government intervention in the economy, according to which individuals should be free to participate in

1089-494: Was unpopular with many members of both parties, causing some high-profile GSD members to resign their membership, including deputy leader Keith Azopardi and executive member Nick Cruz , who went on to form the short-lived Progressive Democratic Party . In January 2013, Peter Caruana (who was the then Leader of the Opposition), announced he was stepping down as leader and taking up a backbench position until his 4-year term

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