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28-710: Gilbert Baker may refer to: Gilbert Baker (artist) (1951–2017), American artist; designer of the rainbow flag Gilbert Baker (politician) (born 1956), Republican politician in the U.S. state of Arkansas Gilbert Baker (bishop) (1910–1986), Anglican Bishop of Hong Kong and Macau See also [ edit ] Edmund Gilbert Baker (1864–1949), English plant collector and botanist; son of John Gilbert Baker James Gilbert Baker (1914–2005), US astronomer and designer of optics systems John Gilbert Baker (1834–1920), English botanist Gilbert Barker (1882–1952), Australian rules footballer [REDACTED] Topics referred to by

56-832: A Google Doodle honoring Baker. The children's book Pride: The Story of Harvey Milk and the Rainbow Flag was released by Penguin Random House in April 2018. Baker was one of the inaugural fifty American "pioneers, trailblazers, and heroes" inducted on the National LGBTQ Wall of Honor within the Stonewall National Monument (SNM) in June 2019. The SNM is the first U.S. national monument dedicated to LGBTQ rights and history , while

84-550: A more formally organized gay rights movement in San Francisco. By 1971, Polk Street was advertised as "one of the gayest streets in San Francisco". In 1972, Polk Street was the location of the first official San Francisco Gay Pride Parade . In the 1950s through the 1970s Halloween on Polk Street became a major attraction for tourists and locals. A migration from Polk Street to the Castro District happened in

112-586: A women's clothing store. His father was a judge and his mother was a teacher. He was baptized a Methodist. Baker served in the United States Army from 1970 to 1972. He was stationed as a medic in San Francisco at the beginning of the gay rights movement and lived there as an openly gay man. After his honorable discharge from the military, he worked on the first marijuana legalization initiative, California Proposition 19 (1972) , and

140-523: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Gilbert Baker (artist) Gilbert Baker (June 2, 1951 – March 31, 2017) was an American artist, designer, activist, and vexillographer , best known as the creator of the rainbow flag . Baker was born on June 2, 1951, in Chanute, Kansas . He grew up in Parsons, Kansas , where his grandmother owned

168-607: The Nob Hill and Russian Hill neighborhoods from approximately Geary Street to Union Street . The name, somewhat humorous, arises because the street runs over an old stream at the bottom of a gently sloped valley. Polk Gulch was San Francisco's main gay neighborhood from the 1950s until the early 1980s, although around 1970 many gays began to move to The Castro (formally Eureka Valley ) and SOMA because many large Victorian houses were available for low rent or could be purchased with low down payments . Only one gay bar ,

196-614: The 11th President of the United States (1845–1849). During the Mexican–American War , and after the Texas annexation , Polk turned his attention to California, hoping to acquire the territory from Mexico before any European nation. The main interest was San Francisco Bay as an access point for trade with Asia. The street is sometimes still referred to by its German name Polkstrasse or Polk Strasse ( German : "Straße" being

224-486: The 1970s for more affordable housing. In the 1990s and 2000s the neighborhood started to gentrify . It remains prominent for its nightlife. Sutter Street Railway established cable car service on Polk Street between Post and Pacific in 1883. Cable service was replaced with electric streetcars in 1907. The service was temporarily abandoned in the early 1940s before being reinstated during World War II , but finally replaced by buses in 1945. Tracks remained embedded in

252-641: The Cinch, remains in the area. As the original center of the city's LGBT community, it had remained one of the core centers along with The Castro and the South of Market (SOMA) . On New Year's Day 1965, police raided a gay fundraising party for the newly founded Council on Religion and the Homosexual in California Hall at 625 Polk Street, an incident that, according to some, marked the beginning of

280-460: The German word for "street"), dating back to the time when it was the main commercial street for San Francisco's German immigrants. In 1912, the German community built California Hall on the corner of Polk and Turk streets, a building resembling a German-style town hall ( rathaus ). Polk Gulch is the neighborhood around a section of Polk Street and its immediate vicinity, which runs through

308-658: The Wall's unveiling at the Stonewall Inn coincided with the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall riots . In June 2019, a square in Paris, France was officially renamed Place des Émeutes-de-Stonewall ( Stonewall Riots Square), and a plaque commemorating Baker was installed at the location. The plaque was unveiled by the Paris mayor Anne Hidalgo , French officials, Stuart Milk , and activists of Stonewall riots. In 2019,

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336-410: The colors he had chosen. Upon Baker's death in late March 2017, California state senator Scott Wiener said Baker "helped define the modern LGBT movement". In Baker's memory, NewFest and NYC Pride partnered with a design team to create 'Gilbert', a rainbow font inspired by the rainbow flag, first released before June 2017. On June 2, 2017, the 66th anniversary of his birth, Google released

364-556: The first two flags in the top-floor attic gallery of the Gay Community Center at 330 Grove Street in San Francisco. Because using dye in public washing machines was not allowed, they waited until late at night to rinse the dye from their clothes, running a cycle with bleach in the washing machines after leaving. The design has undergone several revisions to remove two colors for expediency and later re-add those colors when they became more widely available. As of 2021,

392-600: The modern LGBT movement". In 2003, Baker and his Key West project were the subject of Rainbow Pride , a feature-length documentary by Marie Jo Ferron, bought by PBS National and debuting in New York on WNET . Baker recreated his original Rainbow Flag for the Academy-award-winning 2008 film Milk , and is shown being interviewed on one of the featurettes of the DVD release. The Museum of Modern Art ranked

420-491: The most common variant consists of six stripes, with the colors red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and violet. Baker referred to this version of the flag as the "commercial version", because it came about due to practical considerations of mass production. Specifically, the rainbow flag lost its hot pink stripe when Baker approached the Paramount Flag Company to begin mass-producing them, and the hot pink fabric

448-469: The non-profit Gilbert Baker Foundation incorporated "To protect and extend the legacy of Gilbert Baker, the creator of the LGBTQ Rainbow Flag, as an activist, artist and educator." Baker's work and related historical artifacts are represented in several major museum and archival collections. The GLBT Historical Society in San Francisco owns one of the sewing machines Baker used to produce

476-598: The original rainbow flags in 1978, along with one of the limited-edition recreations of the eight-stripe design he produced to mark the 25th anniversary of the flag. In 2012, the society displayed both objects in an exhibition on the history of the flag at the GLBT History Museum which it sponsors in San Francisco's Castro District . In 2015, the Museum of Modern Art in New York City acquired examples of

504-477: The rainbow flag as an internationally recognized symbol as important as the recycling symbol in 2015. In February and early March 2017, Baker was portrayed in Dustin Lance Black 's When We Rise by Jack Plotnick , and by Dylan Arnold as young Gilbert Baker. In the second part of the miniseries Baker's character is shown sewing the flag and, later on, explaining to Cleve Jones the reasoning for

532-681: The rainbow flag for its design collection, where curators ranked it as an internationally recognized symbol similar in importance to the Creative Commons logo and the recycling symbol . The colors on the Rainbow Flag reflect the diversity of the LGBT community . When Baker raised the first rainbow flags at San Francisco Pride (his group raised two flags at the Civic Center ) on June 25, 1978, it comprised eight symbolic colors: Thirty volunteers had helped Baker hand-dye and stitch

560-448: The red, orange, yellow, green and violet. According to Baker, the lavender stripe symbolizes diversity. Polk Street#Polk Gulch The street also has bike lanes, which were approved in 2002. San Francisco bike route 25 runs along Polk Street, and is the only north–south route suitable for casual bicycle travel within at least a mile in either direction. Polk Street is named for James Knox Polk (November 2, 1795 – June 15, 1849)

588-630: The rest of his life. Here, he continued his creative work and activism. That year he created the world's largest flag (at that time) in celebration of the 25th anniversary of the 1969 Stonewall riots . In 2003, to commemorate the Rainbow Flag's 25th anniversary, Baker created a Rainbow Flag that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to the Atlantic Ocean in Key West . After the commemoration, he sent sections of this flag to more than 100 cities around

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616-450: The right wing and raised money for Jerry Falwell ", referring to video and images of the group that were used for right-wing Christian efforts, "so I stopped." Baker first created the Rainbow Flag with a collective in 1978. He refused to trademark it, seeing it as a symbol that was for the LGBT community. In 1979, Baker began work at Paramount Flag Company in San Francisco, then located on

644-452: The roadway until at least 1948. The San Francisco Municipal Railway 19 Polk bus line is a remnant of the original cable railway. The San Francisco Police Department Northern Station serves Polk Gulch. The street remains a busy business district with many restaurants, cafes, and numerous bars. Frank Norris 's 1899 novel McTeague is about a dentist whose office is on Polk Street. American silent psychological drama film Greed

672-406: The same term This disambiguation page lists articles about people with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gilbert_Baker&oldid=783664924 " Category : Human name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

700-780: The southwest corner of Polk Street and Post Street in the Polk Gulch neighborhood. Baker designed displays for Dianne Feinstein , the Premier of China , the presidents of France , Venezuela , and the Philippines , the King of Spain , and many others. He also designed creations for numerous civic events and San Francisco Gay Pride . In 1984, he designed flags for the Democratic National Convention . In 1994, Baker moved to New York City, where he lived for

728-437: The world. Due to his creation of the rainbow flag, Baker often used the drag queen name "Busty Ross", alluding to Betsy Ross . Baker died at home in his sleep on March 31, 2017, at age 65, in New York City. The New York City medical examiner's office determined cause of death was hypertensive and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease . Upon Baker's death, California state senator Scott Wiener said Baker "helped define

756-459: Was taught to sew by his fellow activist, Mary Dunn. He used his skill to create banners for gay-rights and anti-war protest marches. It was during this time that he met and became friends with Harvey Milk . He also joined the gay drag activist group Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence stating, "At first it was glamorous and political, but when the Sisters became more organized, it became a tool of

784-446: Was too rare and expensive to include. The rainbow flag lost its turquoise stripe before the 1979 Gay Freedom Day Parade, as the committee organizing the parade wanted to fly the flag in two-halves, from the light poles along both sides of Market Street, so it became a six-striped flag with equal halves. In March 2017, Baker created a nine-stripe version of his original 1977 flag, with lavender, pink, turquoise and indigo stripes along with

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