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33-612: Nepal Ratna Girija Prasad Koirala ( Nepali : गिरिजाप्रसाद कोइराला Listen ; 4 July 1924 – 20 March 2010), affectionately known as Girija Babu , was a Nepalese politician. He headed the Nepali Congress and served as the Prime Minister of Nepal on four occasions: from 1991 to 1994, 1998 to 1999, 2000 to 2001, and 2006 to 2008. He was the Acting Head of State of Nepal between January 2007 and July 2008 as

66-531: A dissolution of parliament and general elections after a procedural defeat on the floor of the House when 36 members of parliament (MPs) of his party went against a government-sponsored vote of confidence. This led to the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) -led coalition coming to power in the elections that followed . Koirala took over as prime minister from Surya Bahadur Thapa following

99-638: Is an octagon having 8.5 cm diameter and bejewelled with five diamond pieces on every corner. Bharatpur, Nepal Bharatpur is one of the fastest-growing cities in Nepal. It lies on the eastern bank of the Narayani River and serves as a commercial center of the Chitwan district and the central region of Nepal. Most of the shopping area lies in the area of Narayangadh , while government offices, hospitals and colleges are situated in other parts of

132-859: Is available to the people from the city to Danda of Nawalpur District , Butwal , and other major cities and small villages and towns too. The under construction Gautam Buddha International Cricket Stadium is situated in the city. The Chitwan Rhinos represented the city and Chitwan as a whole in the Nepal Premier League . Eight major local FM radio stations are broadcast from Bharatpur. They are Amrit FM , Synergy FM , Hamro FM , Radio Triveni , Radio Chitwan , Chitwan Online FM . Kalika music FM , and Kalika FM . The television stations Beso Channel , Avass TV , and Crystal TV also broadcast from Bharatpur. Narayangarh ( Nepali : नारायणगढ ) or Narayanghat ( Nepali : नारायणघाट pronounced [naɾajʌɳɡʱaʈ] , or [naɾajʌnɡʌɽ] )

165-482: Is in south Bharatpur. The lake serves as a bird watching center and houses many crocodiles. Bishazari Tal lies near Chitwan National Park and 5 km (3.1 mi) south of the city center, Chaubiskoti, of Bharatpur. Pandeyghumti is the nearest chowk (square) from the lake, being only 1 km (0.62 mi) away. Nearby, Chitwan National Park चितवन राष्ट्रिय निकुञ्ज is home to one-horned rhinos, elephants, Bengal tigers, crocodiles, deer and many other wild animals. It

198-453: Is located 146 km (91 mi) away. Bharatpur is the only city in Nepal that has two operating airports. Bharatpur Airport , in the central part of the city, offers daily flights to Kathmandu and to Pokhara . Meghauli Airport is a smaller airstrip in the southwest of the city. Public transportation consists of privately run bus or microbus services. There are also frequent bus services to Kathmandu and Birgunj. Public bus service

231-631: Is the third largest tourist destination in Nepal after Kathmandu and Pokhara. The park has been listed in the UNESCO World Heritage List since 1983. The Narayani River flows north to south in the south of Bharatpur. It is the deepest and one of the largest rivers in Nepal. The Narayani Bridge over this river connects Chitwan District with Nawalpur District of Nepal. Small islands, like Nagarban in Narayani river, are popular picnic spots. The Rapti River flows east to southwest in

264-650: The Nepal Trade Union Congress-Independent . Later, in 1952, he became the President of the Morang District Nepali Congress and held that office until he was arrested and imprisoned by King Mahendra following the 1960 royal coup. Upon his release in 1967, Koirala, along with other leaders and workers of the party, was exiled to India until his return to Nepal in 1979. Koirala was General Secretary of

297-585: The Nepali Congress Party from 1975 to 1991. Koirala was actively involved in the 1990 Jana Andolan which led to the abrogation of Panchayat rule and the introduction of multiparty politics into the country. He had signed many treaties that were against nation. In Nepal's first multiparty democratic election in 1991, Koirala was elected as a member of parliament from the Morang-1 and Sunsari-5 constituencies. The Nepali Congress won 110 of

330-518: The Nepali Congress Party had won the parliamentary election. The party had won claiming that Krishna Prasad Bhattarai would be the Prime Minister, but Koirala led a group of dissident MPs and forced Bhattarai to resign or face a no-confidence motion. At that time Nepal was fighting a civil war against the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) . Koirala resigned in July 2001 after which the military

363-455: The Nepali Congress party were swept into power in the country's first democratic election. He was the most prominent and consequential political leader in Nepal from 2001 to 2008. Koirala was born in Saharsa , Bihar, British India , in 1924 into a Hill Brahmin family. His father, Krishna Prasad Koirala , was a Nepali living in exile. In 1952 Koirala married Sushma Koirala, headmistress at

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396-642: The Purbanchal University and the B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS) in the Eastern Development Region and granted licenses to the private sector to run medical and engineering colleges in various parts of the country. The government also undertook the construction of the B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital in Bharatpur, Nepal with assistance from the government of China. In November 1994, he called for

429-538: The 205 seats in the Pratinidhi Sabha (House of Representatives), the lower house of parliament. He was subsequently elected as the leader of the Nepali Congress parliamentary party and was appointed as prime minister by King Birendra . During his first term, the House of Representatives enacted legislation to liberalize education, media and health sectors in the country. The government also founded

462-580: The CPN (Maoist). Following the April 2008 Constituent Assembly election , the Constituent Assembly voted to declare Nepal a republic on 28 May 2008. Koirala, speaking to the Constituent Assembly shortly before the vote, said that "we have a big responsibility now"; he said that Nepal was entering a "new era" and that "the nation's dream has come true". In the discussions on power-sharing that followed

495-516: The Chitwan district. Their products are sold to major cities of Nepal, Kathmandu and Pokhara . The poultry industry is expanding in the municipality, producing a significant amount of poultry products for the country, and is one of the main employment sources in the Chitwan District . Other products from the city include honey, mushrooms, and flowers. A significant part of its economy is derived from education and health services. At

528-414: The city, including Nepal's premier cancer hospital, B.P Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital. In March 2017, Bharatpur was declared a metropolitan city after Narayani Municipality, Chitrawan Municipality and Kabilas Village were merged into it. The economy of Bharatpur is traditionally based on agriculture . The city also holds a small-scale processing industry that mostly processes the food surpluses of

561-551: The collapse of the coalition government led by Thapa. Koirala first headed a Nepali Congress minority government until 25 December 1998, after which he headed a three-party coalition government with the Communist Party of Nepal (UML) and the Nepal Sadbhawana Party . Koirala became prime minister in 2000 for his third term following the resignation of Krishna Prasad Bhattarai , under whose leadership

594-544: The country transitioned from a monarchy to a republic. Koirala, who was active in politics for over sixty years, was a pioneer of the Nepalese labour movement, having started the first political workers' movement on Nepalese soil, known as the Biratnagar jute mill strike in his hometown, Biratnagar . In 1991 he became the first democratically elected prime minister in Nepal since 1959, when his brother B.P. Koirala and

627-410: The declaration of a republic, the Nepali Congress proposed that Koirala become the first President of Nepal; however, the CPN (Maoist), which had emerged as the strongest party in the Constituent Assembly election, opposed this. At a meeting of the Constituent Assembly on 26 June 2008, Koirala announced his resignation, although it would not be finalized until after the election of a president, to whom

660-615: The government in December 1960. Bisheshwar Prasad and Girija Prasad were arrested and sent to prison. With other leaders of the Nepali Congress Party (NCP), Girija Prasad went into exile after his release in 1967 and did not return to Nepal until 1979. Koirala became involved in politics in 1947, leading the Biratnagar jute mill strike . In 1948 Koirala founded the Nepal Mazdoor Congress, later known as

693-630: The leaders of the Seven Party Alliance. The reinstated House of Representatives passed laws to strip the King of his powers and bring the Army under civilian control. Following the promulgation of the interim constitution, Koirala, as the Prime Minister, became the interim head of state of Nepal. On 1 April 2007, Koirala was re-elected as prime minister to head a new government composed of the SPA and

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726-616: The local school for women in Biratnagar. Their daughter Sujata Koirala was born in 1953. Sushma died in a kerosene-stove explosion in 1967. He along with his daughter Sujata were followers of the Indian spiritual leader Sathya Sai Baba . Girija Prasad Koirala belonged to one of Nepal's most prominent political families. Two of his brothers were prime ministers: Matrika Prasad Koirala from 1951 to 1952 and 1953 to 1955, and Bisheshwar Prasad Koirala from 1959 until King Mahendra took over

759-406: The resignation had to be submitted. Koirala was present for the swearing in of Ram Baran Yadav , the first president of Nepal, on 23 July 2008. He submitted his resignation to Yadav later on the same day. CPN (M) Chairman Prachanda was elected by the Constituent Assembly to succeed Koirala on 15 August 2008; Koirala congratulated Prachanda on this occasion. Towards the end of his life, Koirala

792-515: The right direction at critical junctures in the country's history," while Ban Ki-moon , Secretary-General of the United Nations said "Koirala fought fearlessly and at considerable personal sacrifice for justice and democratic rights in his country" and senior Maoist politician Baburam Bhattarai said "Koirala will be very much missed, especially now that the country is nearing the end of the peace process that he facilitated". In 2015, he

825-646: The south of Bharatpur and meets the northern border of the Chitwan National Park . Bharatpur's Chitwan Higher Secondary School is the oldest government school in Chitwan District . There are several colleges in Bharatpur, including the College of Medical Sciences, Bharatpur and Chitwan Medical College . The city's most famous institution is the Agriculture and Forestry University , which

858-1004: The time of the 2021 Nepal census , Bharatpur Metropolitan City had a population of 369,268. Of these, the linguistic distribution was as follows: - 73.3% spoke Nepali - 5% spoke Tharu - 5% spoke Gurung - 3.8% spoke Magar Dhut - 3.6% spoke Tamang - 2.7% spoke Bhojpuri - 2.6% spoke Nepalbhasha (Newari) - 0.7% spoke Maithili - 0.7% spoke Darai In terms of ethnicity/caste: - 32.1% were Brahman - Hill - 12.4% were Kshetri - 8.8% were Gurung - 6.7% were Magar - 5.9% were Bishwokarma - 5.7% were Tamang - 5.6% were Tharu - 5.4% were Newa (Newar) - 2.3% were Pariyar - 2.2% were Kumal In terms of religion: - 83.6% were Hindu - 12.9% were Bouddha - 1.4% were Islam - 0.1% were Kirat - 1.6% were Christian - 0.1% were Prakriti - 0.3% were Bon - 0.00% were Jain - 0.00% were Baháʼí - 0.00% were Sikha Ethnic Groups in Bharatpur (2021) Language in Bharatpur (2021) Presidents of Wards Bishazari Tal , meaning "Lake twenty thousand",

891-500: Was established in 2010 and is the first technical university in Nepal. Compared to other parts of the country, Bharatpur has a highly developed healthcare system with several famous hospitals, including the second-largest government hospital in Nepal, which was established with American aid during the malaria control program operated by the US government at the request of the late King Mahendra of Nepal . B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital

924-558: Was established with the help of China in 1994. Two medical colleges, the College of Medical Sciences and Chitwan Medical College also maintain their own teaching hospitals. Other important hospitals and nursing homes are Niko Children's Hospital, Narayani Community Hospital, Sishu Fertility Clinic , and Bharatpur Eye Hospital. Bharatpur is located at the crossing of Mahendra Highway and Madan Ashrit Highway . The closest larger cities are Gorkha Municipality at 67 km (42 mi) and Hetauda at 78 km (48 mi). Kathmandu

957-458: Was held at Pashupatinath Temple in Kathmandu on 21 March. Upon receiving news of his death, numerous politicians released statements of condolence. The Hindu described him as a "national guardian". Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh released a statement expressing his condolences, saying "Koirala was a mass leader and a statesman, whose knowledge and wisdom guided the polity of Nepal in

990-517: Was instituted by King Tribhuvan of Nepal in on 27 November 1937. It had 5 classes plus a medal. The first class "Jyotirmaya-Subikhyat-Tri-Shakti-Patta" was regarded as the highest civilian award of that time. After the end of monarchy in 2008, the new government adapted the award, "Nepal Ratna Man Padavi". The government makes the decision to whom to give the award and it is conferred by the President of Nepal on Republic Day, 29 May. The decoration

1023-405: Was leading a democratic front composed of parties that supported and promoted liberal democratic principles and aspired to establishment of a long-term democratic form of governance in Nepal. Koirala wrote Simple Convictions: My Struggle for Peace and Democracy . Koirala died at his daughter's home on 20 March 2010 at the age of 85, having suffered from asthma and pulmonary disease. His funeral

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1056-598: Was mobilized in the civil war for the first time, something Koirala had unsuccessfully attempted to do while in office. He was replaced by former prime minister Sher Bahadur Deuba , who was elected by a majority of members of the Nepal . After the Loktantra Andolan and the reinstatement of the Nepal House of Representatives, Pratinidhi Sabha , on 24 April 2006, Koirala was selected to become prime minister by

1089-529: Was posthumously awarded with Nepal Ratna Man Padavi , the highest honour to a Nepali citizen by the Government of Nepal . Nepal Ratna Man Padavi Nepal Ratna Man Padavi ( Nepali : नेपाल रत्न मानपदवी , Order of the Jewel of Nepal ) is the highest civilian award of Nepal . Instituted in 2010, the award is conferred for exemplary contributions to the nation of Nepal. Order of Tri Shakti Patta

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