93-601: Glen Travis Campbell (April 22, 1936 – August 8, 2017) was an American country singer, guitarist, songwriter, and actor. He was best known for a series of hit songs in the 1960s and 1970s, and for hosting The Glen Campbell Goodtime Hour on CBS television from 1969 until 1972. He released 64 albums in a career that spanned five decades, selling over 45 million records worldwide, including twelve gold albums, four platinum albums, and one double-platinum album. Born in Billstown, Arkansas , Campbell began his professional career as
186-409: A saddle blanket ." To supplement income the family picked cotton for other farmers. "I picked cotton for $ 1.25 a hundred pounds," Campbell said. "If you worked your tail off, you could pick 80 or 90 pounds a day." Campbell started playing guitar at age 4 after his father gave him a Sears -bought five-dollar guitar as a gift, with his uncle Boo teaching him the basics of how to play. Most of his family
279-658: A studio musician in Los Angeles, spending several years playing with the group of instrumentalists later known as " The Wrecking Crew ". After becoming a solo artist, he placed a total of 80 different songs on either the Billboard Country Chart , Billboard Hot 100 , or Adult Contemporary Chart , of which 29 made the top 10 and of which nine reached number one on at least one of those charts. Among Campbell's hits are " Universal Soldier ", his first hit from 1965, along with " Gentle on My Mind " (1967), " By
372-500: A French family of Manouche Romani descent. His French, Alsatian father, Jean Eugene Weiss, domiciled in Paris with his wife, went by Jean-Baptiste Reinhardt, his wife's surname, to avoid French military conscription. His mother, Laurence Reinhardt, was a dancer. The birth certificate refers to "Jean Reinhart, son of Jean Baptiste Reinhart, artist, and Laurence Reinhart, housewife, domiciled in Paris". A number of authors have repeated
465-619: A brown Gypsy ID triangle sewn at chest level on their clothing, similar to the pink triangle that homosexuals wore, and much like the yellow Star of David that Jews had to subsequently wear. During the war, Romani were systematically killed in concentration camps . In France, they were used as slave labour on farms and in factories. During the Holocaust an estimated 600,000 to 1.5 million Romani throughout Europe were killed. Hitler and Joseph Goebbels viewed jazz as un-German counterculture . Nonetheless, Goebbels stopped short of
558-505: A complete array of natural and artificial harmonics, highly charged dissonances, super-fast chromatic runs from the open bass strings to the highest notes on the 1st string, an unbelievably flexible and driving right-hand, two and three octave arpeggios, advanced and unconventional chords and a use of the flattened fifth that predated be-bop by a decade. Add to all this Django's staggering harmonic and melodic concept, huge sound, pulsating swing, sense of humour and sheer speed of execution, and it
651-571: A complete ban on jazz, which now had many fans in Germany and elsewhere. Official policy towards jazz was much less strict in occupied France, according to author Andy Fry, with jazz music frequently played on both Radio France , the official station of Vichy France, and Radio Paris , which was controlled by the Germans. A new generation of French jazz enthusiasts, the Zazous , had arisen and swollen
744-506: A fascinating area of Reinhardt's work to study, and have begun to be revived by players such as the Rosenberg Trio (with their 2010 release "Djangologists") and Biréli Lagrène . Wayne Jefferies, in his article "Django's Forgotten Era", writes: Early in 1951, armed with his amplified Maccaferri – which he used to the very end – he put together a new band of the best young modern musicians in Paris; including Hubert Fol, an altoist in
837-602: A freshness and spontaneity that are at once fascinating and alluring ... [Nevertheless] The characteristics of Reinhardt's music are primarily emotional. His relative association of experience, reinforced by a profound rational knowledge of his instrument; the guitar's possibilities and limitations; his love for music and the expression of it—all are a necessary adjunct to the means of expressing these emotions. Django-style enthusiast John Jorgenson has been quoted as saying: Django's guitar playing always has so much personality in it, and seems to contain such joy and feeling that it
930-688: A hand-to-mouth existence, spending his earnings as quickly as he made them. Accompanying him on his travels was his new girlfriend, Sophie Ziegler. Nicknamed "Naguine," she was a distant cousin. In the years after the fire, Reinhardt was rehabilitating and experimenting on the guitar that his brother had given him. After having played a broad spectrum of music, he was introduced to American jazz by an acquaintance, Émile Savitry , whose record collection included such musical luminaries as Louis Armstrong , Duke Ellington , Joe Venuti , Eddie Lang , and Lonnie Johnson . (The swinging sound of Venuti's jazz violin and Eddie Lang's virtuoso guitar-playing anticipated
1023-575: A jam session and radio performance with Louis Armstrong . Later in his career, Reinhardt played with Dizzy Gillespie in France. Also in the neighborhood was the artistic salon R-26 , at which Reinhardt and Grappelli performed regularly as they developed their unique musical style. In 1938, Reinhardt's quintet played to thousands at an all-star show held in London's Kilburn State auditorium. While playing, he noticed American film actor Eddie Cantor in
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#17327929938181116-641: A new six-string steel-strung acoustic guitar that was bought for him by his brother, Joseph Reinhardt , who was also an accomplished guitarist. Within a year of the fire, in 1929, Bella Mayer gave birth to their son, Henri "Lousson" Reinhardt . Soon thereafter, the couple split up. The son eventually took the surname of his mother's new husband. As Lousson Baumgartner, the son himself became an accomplished musician who went on to record with his biological father. After parting from his wife and son, Reinhardt traveled throughout France, getting occasional jobs playing music at small clubs. He had no specific goals, living
1209-540: A regular on network television. He co-starred in a made-for-television movie , Strange Homecoming (1974), with Robert Culp and up-and-coming teen idol Leif Garrett . He hosted a number of television specials, including 1976's Down Home, Down Under with Olivia Newton-John . He co-hosted the American Music Awards from 1976 to 1978 and headlined the 1979 NBC special Glen Campbell: Back to Basics with guest-stars Seals and Crofts and Brenda Lee . He
1302-632: A reputation among his band, fans, and managers as extremely unreliable. He skipped sold-out concerts to "walk to the beach" or "smell the dew." During this period he continued to attend the R-26 artistic salon in Montmartre, improvising with his devoted collaborator, Stéphane Grappelli. In Rome in 1949, Reinhardt recruited three Italian jazz players (on bass, piano, and snare drum) and recorded over 60 tunes in an Italian studio. He united with Grappelli, and used his acoustic Selmer-Maccaferri. The recording
1395-564: A single on Crest, the instrumental "Buzz Saw", which did not chart. In 1962, Campbell signed with Capitol Records . After minor initial success with "Too Late to Worry, Too Blue to Cry", his first single for the label, and "Kentucky Means Paradise", released by the Green River Boys featuring Glen Campbell, a string of unsuccessful singles and albums followed. By 1963 his playing and singing were heard on 586 recorded songs. He never learned to read music, but besides guitar, he could play
1488-491: A surviving photograph shows this band including his father on piano. Reinhardt was attracted to music at an early age, first playing the violin. At the age of 12, he received a banjo-guitar as a gift. He quickly taught himself to play, mimicking the fingerings of musicians he watched, who would have included local virtuoso players of the day such as Jean "Poulette" Castro and Auguste "Gusti" Malha, as well as from his uncle Guiligou, who played violin, banjo and guitar. Reinhardt
1581-401: A very different supporting group context from his "classic", pre-war Quintette sound). These "electric period" Reinhardt recordings have in general received less popular re-release and critical analysis than his pre-war releases (the latter also extending to the period from 1940 to 1945 when Grappelli was absent, which included some of his most famous compositions such as " Nuages "), but are also
1674-412: Is featured in the 2014 documentary Glen Campbell: I'll Be Me , was released on September 30, 2014, with the documentary following on October 24. On January 15, 2015, Campbell and fellow songwriter Julian Raymond were nominated for Best Original Song at the 87th Academy Awards . In March 2016, it was confirmed that Campbell was in the final stages of Alzheimer's disease. On August 30, 2016, during
1767-430: Is infectious. He also pushes himself to the edge nearly all the time, and rides a wave of inspiration that sometimes gets dangerous. Even the few times he does not quite make his ideas flow out flawlessly it is still so exciting that mistakes don't matter! Django's seemingly never-ending bag of licks, tricks and colors always keep the song interesting, and his intensity level is rarely met by any guitarist. Django's technique
1860-605: Is like chasing genius to get close to his level of playing. In his later style ( c. 1946 onwards) Reinhardt began to incorporate more bebop influences in his compositions and improvisations, also fitting a Stimer electric pickup to his acoustic guitar. With the addition of amplification, his playing became more linear and "horn like", with the greater facility of the amplified instrument for longer sustain and to be heard in quiet passages, and in general less reliance on his gypsy "bag of tricks" as developed for his acoustic guitar style (also, in some of his late recordings, with
1953-461: Is little wonder that guitar players were knocked sideways upon their first encounter with this full-blown genius. Because of his damaged left hand (his ring and pinky fingers helped little in his playing) Reinhardt had to modify both his chordal and melodic approach extensively. For chords he developed a novel system based largely around 3-note chords, each of which could serve as the equivalent of several conventional chords in different inversions; for
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#17327929938182046-570: Is stupefying, it is no less so than his creative invention. In his solos [...] his melodic ideas are sparkling and ravishing, and their abundance scarcely gives the listener time to catch his breath. Django's ability to bend his guitar to the most fantastic audacities, combined with his expressive inflections and vibrato, is no less wonderful; one feels an extraordinary flame burning through every note. Writing in 1945, Billy Neil and E. Gates stated that Reinhardt set new standards by an almost incredible and hitherto unthought-of technique ... His ideas have
2139-830: The Billboard Hot 100. In 1968, Campbell released "Wichita Lineman", a song written by Jimmy Webb . It was recorded with backing from members of the Wrecking Crew and appeared on his 1968 album of the same name. It reached number 3 on the US pop chart, remaining in the Top 100 for 15 weeks. In addition, the song also topped the American country music chart for two weeks, and the adult contemporary chart for six weeks. The 1969 song " True Grit " by composer Elmer Bernstein and lyricist Don Black, and sung by Campbell, who co-starred in
2232-557: The Church of Christ , and Campbell's brother Lindell became a Church of Christ minister. In 2011, Campbell said his mother was Irish ; although his mother was born in the United States, her family had emigrated from County Tipperary . The family lived on a farm, where they barely managed, by growing cotton, corn, watermelons and potatoes. "We had no electricity," he said, and money was scarce. "A dollar in those days looked as big as
2325-723: The Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 2012. He owned trophies for Male Vocalist of the Year from both the Country Music Association (CMA) and the Academy of Country Music (ACM), and took the CMA's top award as 1968 Entertainer of the Year. Campbell played a supporting role in the film True Grit (1969), which earned him a Golden Globe nomination for Most Promising Newcomer. He also sang
2418-463: The title song , which was nominated for an Academy Award . Glen Travis Campbell was born on April 22, 1936, in Billstown , a tiny community near Delight in Pike County, Arkansas , to John Wesley Campbell (a sharecropper ) and Carrie Dell (née Stone) Campbell. Campbell was of Scottish descent and was the seventh son of 12 children. As a child he almost died from drowning. His family went to
2511-547: The 10th Annual ACM Honors, Keith Urban , Blake Shelton and others performed a medley of Glen Campbell's songs in tribute to him. His wife Kim accepted the Career Achievement Award on his behalf. Alice Cooper described him as being one of the five best guitar players in the music industry. Campbell's final album, Adiós , featuring twelve songs from his final 2012–13 sessions, was announced in April 2017. It
2604-588: The 10th grade at 14 to work in Houston alongside his brothers, installing insulation and later working at a gas station. Not satisfied with that kind of work, Campbell started playing music at fairs and church picnics and singing gospel hymns in the church choir. He was able to find spots performing on local radio stations, and after his parents moved to Houston, he made some appearances at a local nightclub. In 1954, at age 17, Campbell moved to Albuquerque, New Mexico , to join his uncle's band, known as Dick Bills and
2697-746: The Champs and was subsequently signed by Crest Records , a subsidiary of American Music . His first solo release, " Turn Around, Look at Me ", a moderate success, peaked at number 62 on the Hot 100 in 1961 but reached number 7 on the Hot 100 in a 1968 Vogues cover. Campbell also formed the Gee Cees with former bandmembers from the Champs, performing at the Crossbow Inn in Van Nuys . The Gee Cees, too, released
2790-695: The Charlie Parker mould. Although Django was twenty years older than the rest of the band, he was completely in command of the modern style. Whilst his solos became less chordal and his lines more Christian -like, he retained his originality. I believe he should be rated much more highly as a be-bop guitarist. His infallible technique, his daring, 'on the edge' improvisations coupled with his vastly advanced harmonic sense, took him to musical heights that Christian and many other Bop musicians never came near. The live cuts from Club St. Germain in February 1951 are
2883-596: The Hot 100 with a version of Buffy Sainte-Marie 's " Universal Soldier ". Asked about the pacifist message of the song, he said that "people who are advocating burning draft cards should be hung". Campbell continued as a session musician, playing guitar on the Beach Boys' 1966 album Pet Sounds , among other recordings. In April of that year, he joined Rick Nelson on a tour through the Far East, again playing bass. When follow-up singles did not do well, and Capitol
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2976-485: The Raiders , Wayne Newton , The First Edition , The Kingston Trio , Roger Miller , Gene Clark , Lou Rawls , Claude King , Lorne Greene , Ronnie Dove , and Elvis Presley . He befriended Presley when he helped record the soundtrack for Viva Las Vegas in 1964. He later said, "Elvis and I were brought up the same humble way – picking cotton and looking at the south end of a north-bound mule." In May 1961, he left
3069-666: The Sandia Mountain Boys. He also appeared there on his uncle's radio show and on K Circle B Time , the local children's program on KOB television . It was there that he met his first wife, whom he married when he was 18 and she was 16. In 1958, Campbell formed his own band, the Western Wranglers. "We worked hard," he said. "Six, sometimes seven nights a week. I didn't have my eye set on any specific goals or big dreams." He played with all kinds of genres, with different instrumentation and different styles. If it
3162-620: The Time I Get to Phoenix " (1967), " Dreams of the Everyday Housewife " (1968), " Wichita Lineman " (1968), " Galveston " (1969), " Rhinestone Cowboy " (1975), and " Southern Nights " (1977). In 1967, Campbell won four Grammys in the country and pop categories. For "Gentle on My Mind", he received two awards in country and western ; "By the Time I Get to Phoenix" did the same in pop. Three of his early hits later won Grammy Hall of Fame Awards (2000, 2004, 2008), while Campbell himself won
3255-631: The UK. In the autumn of 1946, he made his first tour in the United States, debuting at Cleveland Music Hall as a special guest soloist with Duke Ellington and His Orchestra. He played with many musicians and composers, such as Maury Deutsch . At the end of the tour, Reinhardt played two nights at Carnegie Hall in New York City; he received a great ovation and took six curtain calls on the first night. Despite his pride in touring with Ellington (one of two letters to Grappelli relates his excitement), he
3348-620: The United States, could scarcely believe what they heard on the records that the Quintette was making; guitarist, gypsy jazz enthusiast and educator Ian Cruickshank writes: It wasn't until 1938, and the Quintet's first tour of England, that guitarists [in the U.K.] were able to witness Django's amazing abilities. His hugely innovative technique included, on a grand scale, such unheard of devices as melodies played in octaves, tremolo chords with shifting notes that sounded like whole horn sections,
3441-410: The age of 17, Reinhardt married Florine "Bella" Mayer, a girl from the same Romani settlement, according to Romani custom (although not an official marriage under French law). The following year he recorded for the first time. On these recordings, made in 1928, Reinhardt plays the "banjo" (actually the banjo-guitar) accompanying the accordionists Maurice Alexander, Jean Vaissade and Victor Marceau, and
3534-413: The aid of a cane. More crucial to his music, the fourth and fifth fingers (ring and little fingers) of Reinhardt's left hand were badly burned. Doctors believed that he would never play guitar again. During many months of recuperation, Reinhardt retaught himself to play using primarily the index and middle fingers of his left hand, using the two injured fingers only for chord work. He made use of
3627-545: The album as well. The first single, a cover of Green Day 's " Good Riddance (Time of Your Life) ", was released to radio in July 2008. In March 2010, Campbell announced his farewell album titled Ghost on the Canvas , which served as a companion to Meet Glen Campbell (2008). Following his late-2010 Alzheimer's diagnosis, Campbell embarked on a final "Goodbye Tour", with three of his children joining him in his backup band. He
3720-521: The banjo, mandolin and bass. Fellow Wrecking Crew member Leon Russell said Campbell "was the best guitar player I'd heard before or since. Occasionally we'd play with 50- or 60-piece orchestras. His deal was he didn't read [music], so they would play it one time for him, and he had it". From 1964 on, Campbell began to appear on television as a regular on Star Route , a syndicated series hosted by Rod Cameron , ABC's Shindig! and Hollywood Jamboree . From December 1964 to early March 1965, Campbell
3813-409: The bigger hit " By the Time I Get to Phoenix " later in 1967, and " I Wanna Live " and " Wichita Lineman " in 1968, remaining on Billboard's Top 100 charts for 15 weeks. He won four Grammy Awards for "Gentle on My Mind" and "By the Time I Get to Phoenix". In 1967, Campbell was also the uncredited lead vocalist on " My World Fell Down " by Sagittarius , a studio group. The song reached number 70 on
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3906-425: The caravan. He knocked over a candle, which ignited the extremely flammable celluloid that his wife used to make artificial flowers. The wagon was quickly engulfed in flames. The couple escaped, but Reinhardt suffered extensive burns over half his body. During his 18-month hospitalization, doctors recommended amputation of his badly damaged right leg. Reinhardt refused the surgery and was eventually able to walk with
3999-464: The careers of Anne Murray and Jerry Reed , who were regulars on his Goodtime Hour program. During the late 1960s and early 1970s, Campbell released a long series of singles and appeared in the movies True Grit (1969) with John Wayne and Kim Darby and had the lead role in Norwood (1970) with Kim Darby and Joe Namath . After the cancellation of his CBS series in 1972, Campbell remained
4092-478: The delicacy of his style. He had been promised jobs in California, but they failed to develop. Tired of waiting, Reinhardt returned to France in February 1947. After his return, Reinhardt appeared to find it difficult to adjust. He sometimes showed up for scheduled concerts without a guitar or amplifier, or wandered off to the park or beach. On a few occasions he refused to get out of bed. Reinhardt developed
4185-492: The duration of the war. Reinhardt re-formed the quintet, with Hubert Rostaing on clarinet replacing Grappelli. While he tried to continue with his music, war with the Nazis presented Reinhardt with a potentially catastrophic obstacle, as he was a Romani jazz musician. Beginning in 1933, all German Romani were barred from living in cities, herded into settlement camps, and routinely sterilized . Romani men were required to wear
4278-540: The early 1990s. Campbell also served as an inspiration to Keith Urban , who cites Campbell as a strong influence on his performing career. In 2005, Campbell was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame . Glen was inducted into the Musicians Hall of Fame and Museum in the first group of inductees along side other members of the Wrecking Crew in 2007. It was announced in April 2008 that Campbell
4371-474: The fingerboard, as opposed to the more conventional "box" approach of moving across strings within a single fretboard position (location). He also produced some of his characteristic "effects" by moving a fixed shape (such as a diminished chord) rapidly up and down the fretboard, resulting in what one writer has called "intervallic cycling of melodic motifs and chords". For an unsurpassed insight into these techniques in use, interested persons should not miss viewing
4464-786: The first recording by the Quintette. In both years the great majority of their recordings featured a wide variety of horns, often in multiples, piano, and other instruments, but the all-string instrumentation is the one most often adopted by emulators of the Hot Club sound. Decca Records in the United States released three records of Quintette tunes with Reinhardt on guitar, and one other, credited to "Stephane Grappelli & His Hot 4 with Django Reinhardt", in 1935. Reinhardt also played and recorded with many American jazz musicians, such as Adelaide Hall , Coleman Hawkins , Benny Carter , and Rex Stewart (who later stayed in Paris). He participated in
4557-546: The front row. When their set ended, Cantor rose to his feet, then went up on stage and kissed Reinhardt's hand, paying no concern to the audience. A few weeks later the quintet played at the London Palladium . When World War II broke out, the original quintet was on tour in the United Kingdom. Reinhardt returned to Paris at once, leaving his wife in the UK. Grappelli remained in the United Kingdom for
4650-537: The height of his popularity, a 1970 biography by Freda Kramer, The Glen Campbell Story , was published. With Campbell's session-work connections, he hosted major names in music on his show, including the Beatles (on film), David Gates , Bread , the Monkees , Neil Diamond , Linda Ronstadt , Johnny Cash , Merle Haggard , Willie Nelson , Waylon Jennings , Roger Miller , and Mel Tillis . Campbell helped launch
4743-412: The last few months of his life, he had begun moving in a new musical direction, in which he assimilated the vocabulary of bebop and fused it with his own melodic style. On 16 May 1953, while walking home from Fontainebleau–Avon station after playing in a Paris club, he collapsed outside his house from a brain hemorrhage . It was a Saturday, and it took a full day for a doctor to arrive. Reinhardt
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#17327929938184836-481: The library of free over-the-top services Pluto TV and Shout! Factory TV. NOTE: The highest average rating for the series is in bold text . One full episode and several highlights of other episodes of The Glen Campbell Goodtime Hour have been released on two videos and one DVD. Django Reinhardt Jean Reinhardt (23 January 1910 – 16 May 1953), known by his Romani nickname Django ( French: [dʒãŋɡo ʁɛjnaʁt] or [dʒɑ̃ɡo ʁenɑʁt] ),
4929-664: The more famous sound of Reinhardt and Grappelli's later ensemble.) Hearing their music triggered in Reinhardt a vision and goal of becoming a jazz professional. While developing his interest in jazz, Reinhardt met Stéphane Grappelli , a young violinist with similar musical interests. In 1928, Grappelli had been a member of the orchestra at the Ambassador Hotel while bandleader Paul Whiteman and Joe Venuti were performing there. In early 1934 both Reinhardt and Grappelli were members of Louis Vola 's band. From 1934 until
5022-557: The movie , received nominations for the Academy Award for Best Song and the Golden Globe for Best Original Song. After he hosted a 1968 summer replacement for television's The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour variety show, Campbell was given his own weekly variety show, The Glen Campbell Goodtime Hour , which ran from January 1969 through June 1972. The show's comedy writers included Steve Martin and Rob Reiner . At
5115-466: The night by Swiss border guards, who forced him to return to Paris again. One of his tunes, 1940's "Nuages", became an unofficial anthem in Paris to signify hope for liberation. During a concert at the Salle Pleyel , the popularity of the tune was such that the crowd made him replay it three times in a row. The single sold over 100,000 copies. After the war, Reinhardt rejoined Grappelli in
5208-535: The only known synchronised (sound and vision) footage of Reinhardt in performance, playing on an instrumental version of the song "J'Attendrai" for the short jazz film Le Jazz Hot in 1938–39 (copies available on YouTube and elsewhere). Hugues Panassié , in his 1942 book The Real Jazz , wrote: First of all, his instrumental technique is vastly superior to that of all other jazz guitarists. This technique permits him to play with an inconceivable velocity and makes his instrument completely versatile. Though his virtuosity
5301-902: The outbreak of World War II in 1939, Reinhardt and Grappelli worked together as the principal soloists of their newly formed quintet, the Quintette du Hot Club de France , in Paris. It became the most accomplished and innovative European jazz group of the period. Reinhardt's brother Joseph and Roger Chaput also played on guitar, and Louis Vola was on bass. The Quintette was one of the few well-known jazz ensembles composed only of stringed instruments. In Paris on 14 March 1933, Reinhardt recorded two takes each of "Parce que je vous aime" and "Si, j'aime Suzy", vocal numbers with lots of guitar fills and guitar support. He used three guitarists along with an accordion lead, violin, and bass. In August 1934, he made other recordings with more than one guitar (Joseph Reinhardt, Roger Chaput, and Reinhardt), including
5394-403: The outside world via the Quintette du Hot Club de France. Despite his left hand handicap, Reinhardt was able to recapture (in modified form) and then surpass his previous level of proficiency on the guitar (by now his main instrument), not only as a lead instrumental voice but also as a driving and harmonically interesting rhythm player; his virtuosity, incorporating many gypsy-derived influences,
5487-544: The ranks of the Hot Club. In addition to the increased interest, many American musicians based in Paris during the thirties had returned to the US at the beginning of the war, leaving more work for French musicians. Reinhardt was the most famous jazz musician in Europe at the time, working steadily during the early war years and earning a great deal of money, yet always under threat. Reinhardt expanded his musical horizons during this period. Using an early amplification system, he
5580-562: The rooster in Don Bluth 's live action/animated film Rock-a-Doodle . In 1999 he was featured on VH1 's Behind the Music and on A&E Network 's Biography and a PBS "in concert" special in 2001. He also appeared on a number of CMT programs, where he ranked among their Greatest Men of Country Music. He is credited with giving Alan Jackson his first big break after Jackson recorded with Campbell's music publishing business in
5673-408: The singer Maurice Chaumel. His name was now drawing international attention, such as from British bandleader Jack Hylton , who came to France just to hear him play. Hylton offered him a job on the spot, and Reinhardt accepted. Before he had a chance to start with the band, Reinhardt nearly died. On the night of 2 November 1928, Reinhardt was going to bed in the wagon that he and his wife shared in
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#17327929938185766-474: The suggestion that Reinhardt's nickname, Django, is Romani for "I awake"; it may also simply have been a diminutive, or local Walloon version, of "Jean". Reinhardt spent most of his youth in Romani encampments close to Paris, where he started playing the violin, banjo and guitar. He became adept at stealing chickens. His father reportedly played music in a family band comprising himself and seven brothers;
5859-455: The treble notes he could employ his ring and little fingers to fret the relevant high strings even though he could not articulate these fingers independently, while in some chords he also employed his left hand thumb on the lowest string. Within his rapid melodic runs he frequently incorporated arpeggios, which could be played using two notes per string (played with his two "good" fingers, being his index and middle fingers) while shifting up or down
5952-460: The woes of the war that weighed on people's souls—and then transcended it all. Biographer Michael Dregni In 1943, Reinhardt married his long-term partner Sophie "Naguine" Ziegler in Salbris . They had a son, Babik Reinhardt , who became a respected guitarist. At that time the tide of war turned against the Germans, with a considerable darkening of the situation in Paris. Severe rationing
6045-636: The world has been influenced by Reinhardt. Over the last few decades, annual Django festivals have been held throughout Europe and the U.S., and a biography has been written about his life. In February 2017, the Berlin International Film Festival held the world premiere of the French biographical film Django , based on Reinhardt's life. Reinhardt was born on 23 January 1910 in Liberchies , Pont-à-Celles , Belgium, into
6138-514: Was Campbell's largest-selling single and one of his best-known recordings, initially with over 2 million copies sold. Campbell had heard songwriter Larry Weiss' version while on tour of Australia in 1974. Both songs were in the October 4, 1975, Hot 100 top 10. "Rhinestone Cowboy" continues to be used in TV shows and films, including Desperate Housewives , Daddy Day Care , and High School High . It
6231-500: Was a Belgian-French Manouche or Sinti jazz guitarist and composer. Since he was born on Belgian soil, in Liberchies , he is also often named a Belgian musician. He was one of the first major jazz talents to emerge in Europe and has been hailed as one of its most significant exponents. With violinist Stéphane Grappelli , Reinhardt formed the Paris-based Quintette du Hot Club de France in 1934. The group
6324-754: Was a guest on many network talk and variety shows, including Donny & Marie and The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson , where he performed "Rhinestone Cowboy". He also appeared on Cher , the Redd Foxx Comedy Hour , The Merv Griffin Show , The Midnight Special , DINAH! , Evening at Pops with Arthur Fiedler and The Mike Douglas Show . In the mid-1970s, he had more hits with " Rhinestone Cowboy ", " Southern Nights " (both U.S. number one hits), "Sunflower" (U.S. number 39) (written by Neil Diamond ), and " Country Boy (You Got Your Feet in L.A.) " (U.S. number 11). "Rhinestone Cowboy"
6417-484: Was a just and righteous world, Glen would be credited as one of the great, seminal influences of all time. He was a secret weapon in the armory of Sixties record producers. Singer-songwriter Jimmy Webb In 1960, Campbell moved to Los Angeles to become a session musician . That October, he joined the Champs . By January 1961, Campbell had found a daytime job at publishing company American Music, writing songs and recording demos. Because of these demos Campbell soon
6510-535: Was a touring member of the Beach Boys , filling in for Brian Wilson , playing bass guitar and singing falsetto harmonies. He was then replaced on the Beach Boys' tours by new member Bruce Johnston . Brian Wilson produced and co-wrote a single for Campbell, " Guess I'm Dumb ", which failed to chart despite what writer David Howard called "a surging, elegant Burt Bacharach -inspired string and horn arrangement and Campbell's forlorn Roy Orbison -like vocal.". In 1965, he had his biggest solo hit yet, reaching number 45 on
6603-406: Was able to make a living playing music by the time he was 15, busking in cafés, often with his brother Joseph. At this time, he had not started playing jazz, although he had probably heard and had been intrigued by the version of jazz played by American expatriate bands like Billy Arnold's . Reinhardt received little formal education and acquired the rudiments of literacy only in adult life. At
6696-536: Was able to work in more of a big-band format, in large ensembles with horn sections. He also experimented with classical composition, writing a Mass for the Gypsies and a symphony. Since he did not read music, Reinhardt worked with an assistant to notate what he was improvising. His modernist piece "Rythme Futur" was also intended to be acceptable to the Nazis. In this ["Nuages"] graceful and eloquent melody, Django evoked
6789-568: Was also matched with a superb sense of melodic invention as well as general musicality in terms of choice of notes, timing, dynamics, and utilizing the maximum tonal range from an instrument previously thought of by many critics as potentially limited in expression. Playing completely by ear (he could neither read nor write music), he roamed freely across the full range of the fretboard giving full flight to his musical imagination and could play with ease in any key. Guitarists, particularly in Britain and
6882-610: Was among the first to play jazz that featured the guitar as a lead instrument. Reinhardt recorded in France with many visiting American musicians, including Coleman Hawkins and Benny Carter , and briefly toured the United States with Duke Ellington 's orchestra in 1946. He died suddenly of a brain hemorrhage in 1953 at the age of 43. Reinhardt's most popular compositions have become standards within gypsy jazz , including " Minor Swing ", "Daphne", "Belleville", "Djangology", "Swing '42", and " Nuages ". The jazz guitarist Frank Vignola said that nearly every major popular music guitarist in
6975-473: Was awarded 4 gold records along with a platinum award for wholesale sales in excess of $ 1,000,000 in Australia. "Southern Nights", by Allen Toussaint , his other number one pop-rock-country crossover hit, was generated with the help of Jimmy Webb and Jerry Reed , who inspired the famous guitar lick introduction to the song, which was the most-played jukebox number of 1977. From 1971 to 1983, Campbell
7068-399: Was considering dropping Campbell from the label in 1966, he was teamed with producer Al De Lory . Together, they first collaborated on " Burning Bridges " which became a top 20 country hit in early 1967, and the album of the same name . Campbell and De Lory collaborated again on 1967's " Gentle on My Mind ", written by John Hartford , which was an overnight success. The song was followed by
7161-514: Was declared dead on arrival at the hospital in Fontainebleau, at the age of 43. Reinhardt developed his initial musical approach via tutoring by relatives and exposure to other gypsy guitar players of the day, then playing the banjo-guitar alongside accordionists in the world of the Paris bal musette . He played mainly with a plectrum for maximum volume and attack (particularly in the 1920s and early 1930s when amplification in venues
7254-469: Was in demand as a session musician and became part of a group of studio musicians later known as the Wrecking Crew . Campbell played on recordings by the Beach Boys , Bobby Darin , Frank Sinatra , Ricky Nelson , Dean Martin , Nat King Cole , the Monkees , Nancy Sinatra , Merle Haggard , Jan and Dean , Bing Crosby , Phil Spector , Sammy Davis Jr. , Doris Day , Bobby Vee , The Everly Brothers , Shelley Fabares , The Cascades , Paul Revere &
7347-409: Was in place, and members of Reinhardt's circle were being captured by the Nazis or joining the resistance. Reinhardt's first attempt at escape from Occupied France led to capture. Fortunately for him, a jazz-loving German, Luftwaffe officer Dietrich Schulz-Köhn [ de ] , allowed him to return to Paris. Reinhardt made a second attempt a few days later, but was stopped in the middle of
7440-492: Was issued for the first time in the late 1950s. Back in Paris, in June 1950, Reinhardt was invited to join an entourage to welcome the return of Benny Goodman . He also attended a reception for Goodman, who, after the war ended, had asked Reinhardt to join him in the US. Goodman repeated his invitation and, out of politeness, Reinhardt accepted. Reinhardt later had second thoughts about what role he could play alongside Goodman, who
7533-440: Was married four times and fathered six sons and three daughters: After his divorce from Sarah Barg Davis, Campbell began a relationship with fellow country artist Tanya Tucker . The relationship was marked by frequent tabloid gossip and articles. The couple recorded a number of songs together, including the single "Dream Lover", and they performed the national anthem together at the 1980 Republican National Convention . Campbell
7626-496: Was minimal or non-existent), although he could also play fingerstyle on occasion, as evidenced by some recorded introductions and solos. Following his accident in 1928 in which his left hand was severely burned, he was left with the use of only his first two fingers. As a result, he developed a completely new left hand technique and started performing on guitar accompanying popular singers of the day, before discovering jazz and presenting his new hybrid style of gypsy approach plus jazz to
7719-473: Was musical, he said. "Back home, everybody plays and sings." By the time he was 6 he was performing on local radio stations. Campbell continued playing guitar in his youth, with no formal training, and practiced when he was not working in the cotton fields. He developed his talent by listening to radio and records and considered Django Reinhardt among his most admired guitarists, later calling him "the most awesome player I ever heard." He dropped out of school in
7812-449: Was not fully integrated into the band. He played a few tunes at the end of the show, backed by Ellington, with no special arrangements written for him. After the tour, Reinhardt secured an engagement at Café Society Uptown, where he played four solos a day, backed by the resident band. These performances drew large audiences. Having failed to bring his usual Selmer Modèle Jazz, he played on a borrowed electric guitar, which he felt hampered
7905-405: Was not only phenomenal, but it was personal and unique to him due to his handicap. It is very difficult to achieve the same tone, articulation and clarity using all 5 left hand fingers. It is possible to get closer with only 2 fingers, but again is quite challenging. Probably the thing about this music that makes it always challenging and exciting to play is that Django raised the bar so high, that it
7998-401: Was offered the show after he hosted a 1968 summer replacement for The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour . Campbell used " Gentle on My Mind " as the theme song of the show. The show was one of the few shows with rural audience appeal to survive CBS's so-called " rural purge " of 1971, a survival made more unusual because it had fallen out of the top 30 shows that season. Reruns of the show are in
8091-512: Was raised in the Church of Christ . In the 1980s, he joined a Baptist church in Phoenix along with his wife Kim. In a 2008 interview, Campbell said that they had been adherents of Messianic Judaism for two decades. The Glen Campbell Goodtime Hour The Glen Campbell Goodtime Hour is an American music and comedy television variety show that was hosted by singer Glen Campbell from January 29, 1969, to June 13, 1972, on CBS . He
8184-562: Was released on June 9, 2017. Adiós was named by the UK's Official Charts Company as the best-selling country/Americana album of 2017 in Britain. Campbell died in 2017. In 2024, Glen Campbell Duets: Ghost on the Canvas Sessions was released. It is a reworked version of Campbell's farewell album, featuring newly recorded guest vocals performing posthumous duets with Campbell, from artists such as Carole King , Elton John , Eric Clapton , Hope Sandoval and Dolly Parton Campbell
8277-512: Was returning to his signature label, Capitol , to release his new album, Meet Glen Campbell . The album was released on August 19. With this album, he branched off in a different musical direction, covering tracks from artists such as Travis , U2 , Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers , Jackson Browne , and Foo Fighters . It was Campbell's first release on Capitol in over 15 years. Musicians from Cheap Trick and Jellyfish contributed to
8370-403: Was the "King of Swing", and remained in France. In 1951, Reinhardt retired to Samois-sur-Seine , near Fontainebleau , where he lived until his death. He continued to play in Paris jazz clubs and began playing electric guitar. (He often used a Selmer fitted with an electric pickup, despite his initial hesitation about the instrument.) In his final recordings, made with his Nouvelle Quintette in
8463-637: Was the celebrity host of the Los Angeles Open , an annual professional golf tournament on the PGA Tour . Campbell made a cameo appearance in the 1980 Clint Eastwood movie Any Which Way You Can , for which he recorded the title song. From 1982 to 1983, he hosted a 30-minute syndicated music show, The Glen Campbell Music Show . Campbell gave up smoking in March 1992 and believed it improved his singing voice. In 1991, Campbell voiced Chanticleer
8556-470: Was the inspiration for the 1984 Dolly Parton / Sylvester Stallone movie Rhinestone . The main phrase of Campbell's recording was included in Dickie Goodman 's Jaws movie parody song "Mr. Jaws". Campbell also made a techno/pop version of the song in 2002 with UK artists Rikki & Daz and went to the top 10 in the UK with the dance version and related music video. In January 1975, Campbell
8649-671: Was too ill to travel to Australia and New Zealand in the summer of 2012. His final show was on November 30, 2012, in Napa, California . After the end of the tour, Campbell entered the studio in Nashville to record what would be his final album, Adiós , which would not be revealed until five years later. According to his wife Kim, he wanted to preserve "what magic was left" in what would be his final recordings. In January 2013, Campbell recorded his final song, " I'm Not Gonna Miss You ", during what would be his last recording sessions. The song, which
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