The Paris metropolitan area ( French : aire d'attraction de Paris ) is a statistical area that describes the reach of commuter movement to and from Paris , France and its surrounding suburbs.
21-471: In 2020, France's national INSEE statistical bureau introduced the concept "aire d'attraction d'une ville" ( functional area ), replacing the former "aire urbaine" ( urban area ). A functional area consists of an urban cluster and the surrounding commuting zone. This concept is consistent with the functional urban area as defined by Eurostat . Created and used from 1996 by France's national INSEE statistical bureau to match international demographic standards,
42-748: A population of 13,064,617 as of 2018. Nearly 20% of France's population resides in the region. The table below shows the population growth of the Paris metropolitan area ( aire urbaine ), i.e. the urban area ( pôle urbain ) and the commuter belt ( couronne périurbaine ) surrounding it. (Note: the area shown in red and pink in the map above): Institut national de la statistique et des %C3%A9tudes %C3%A9conomiques The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies ( French : Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques ), abbreviated INSEE or Insee ( / ɪ n s eɪ / in- SAY , French pronunciation: [inse] ),
63-415: Is composed of around 16,100 IRIS in total, of which 650 are in the overseas departments. There are 3 types of IRIS unit in use; residential IRIS (pop. between 1,800 and 5,000), business IRIS (containing more than 1,000 employees) and miscellaneous IRIS (specific large zones which are sparsely inhabited and have large surface areas (leisure parks, ports, forests etc.). The following is a list of directors of
84-525: Is much smaller than the INSEE 'Paris metropolitan area' statistical area: it includes Paris, its neighbouring three departments (or ' petite couronne '), and a few bordering communes in the departments beyond. As of 2022, the INSEE statistical Paris metropolitan area covers 1,929 communes. With its 18,941 km (7,313 sq mi), it extends significantly beyond Paris' administrative Île-de-France region (12,012 km (4,638 sq mi)). Outside
105-638: Is the national statistics bureau of France . It collects and publishes information about the French economy and people and carries out the periodic national census. Headquartered in Montrouge , a commune in the southern Parisian suburbs, it is the French branch of Eurostat . The INSEE was created in 1946 as a successor to the Vichy regime 's National Statistics Service (SNS). It works in close cooperation with
126-587: The Institut national d'études démographiques (INED). The INSEE is responsible for the production and analysis of official statistics in France. Its best known responsibilities include: The INSEE is the responsibility of MINEFI , the French Ministry of Finance. The current director is Jean-Luc Tavernier. However, Eurostat considers INSEE as an independent body, although its independence is not written in
147-409: The aire urbaine (literally: 'urban area') was a statistical unit that described the suburban development around centres of urban growth. In 2011, the INSEE reclassified its largest aires urbaines into aires métropolitaines (literally: metropolitan areas) and grandes aires urbaines ('large urban areas'). With this change, the Paris metropolitan area became the largest in France. In France, use of
168-440: The 2000 in the name referred not only to the upcoming millennium year but to the target size of 2,000 residents per basic unit. Since 1999, IRIS has represented the fundamental unit for dissemination of infra-municipal data in France and its overseas departments and regions . Towns with more than 10,000 inhabitants, and a large proportion of towns with between 5,000 and 10,000 inhabitants, are divided into several IRIS units. France
189-438: The INSEE concept), but the lack of response by the following year moved the government to make the cooperation for many of France's largest cities obligatory, and Paris became a case study all on its own. This latter initiative created the " Métropole du Grand Paris " (official translation: 'Greater Paris metropolitan authority'), a Paris-centred intercommunal cooperation effort enacted from January 1, 2016. The territory it covers
210-581: The INSEE since it was founded: List of national and international statistical services The following is a list of national and international statistical services . Nearly every country in the world has set a central public sector unit entirely devoted to the production, harmonisation and dissemination of official statistics that the public sector and the national community need to run, monitor and evaluate their operations and policies. This central statistical organisation does not produce every official statistic as other public sector organisations, like
231-625: The SGF on 11 October 1941. The new organization was called the SNS or National Statistics Service . As part of this reorganization, six new offices were created in the Northern (occupied) zone whose regional structure is maintained today in INSEE. René Carmille created an Applied Sciences School (predecessor of the current ENSAE ) to specially train members for the SNS. Carmille worked for Vichy France but he
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#1732775255533252-514: The Statistics Bureau (French: Bureau de la statistique ) was created by Adolphe Thiers . In 1840 it was renamed SGF or General Statistics of France . Under the direction of Lucien March, the SGF expanded its activities. It began an investigation of consumption habits in 1907, following with periodic investigations on retail prices in 1911. In 1920 Alfred Sauvy introduced competitive entrance exams for SGF recruitment. However, it
273-467: The United States ). (Institutions from countries marked with * are members of Eurostat 's European Statistical System (ESS).) Some countries are politically organised as federations of states or of autonomous regions; also a specific territory might have been given a partial autonomy. Several of these sub-national regional units have set their own quasi-independent statistical department. A list
294-453: The earliest date for which population figures were retrospectively computed for French aire urbaines , the Paris metropolitan area had 8,368,459 inhabitants in an area that only encompassed 279 communes in central Île-de-France. By the 1999 census the Paris metropolitan area was slightly larger than Île-de-France and had 11,174,743 inhabitants in 14,518 km. At the 2010 revision, the aire urbaine of Paris had 1,750 communes. The area had
315-590: The law. Research and teaching for the INSEE is undertaken by GENES or Group of the National Schools of the Economy and Statistics (French: Groupe des Écoles Nationales d'Économie et Statistique ) which includes: INSEE gives numerical indexing codes (French: les Codes INSEE ) to various entities in France: The INSEE was preceded by several related statistical agencies in France. In 1833,
336-588: The metropolis and overseas France ( L'Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques pour la métropole et la France d'outre-mer ). IRIS is the name for France's unit of division of geographical regions for the purposes of taking a census . In order to prepare for the dissemination of the 1999 French population census, INSEE developed a system for dividing the country into units of equal size, known as IRIS2000, now known simply as 'IRIS'. The acronym stands for 'Ilots Regroupés pour l'Information Statistique' ('aggregated units for statistical information') and
357-643: The national central bank or ministries in charge of agriculture, education or health, may be charged with producing and disseminating sector policy oriented statistical data. The statistical legislation and regulation generally attribute responsibilities and authorities according to statistical domains or functions in addition to those of the central unit. The table below lists these central statistical organisations by country. The United States has no central producing unit, but several units (also listed below) have been given responsibility over various federal statistics domains (see also: Federal Statistical System of
378-517: The term 'Paris metropolitan area' is limited to demographic and statistical studies, and, to date, it is not used in economic statistics — the traditional administrative subdivisions commune , département , and région are still referenced for this — though the media will employ it when referring to the electoral tendencies of France's largest cities. In 2010 the government passed a law that invited France's largest city 'metropoles' to work together as an intercommunitary entities (more or less described by
399-406: The Île-de-France region, it covers part of the departments Aisne , Aube , Eure , Eure-et-Loir , Loiret , Marne , Oise , Seine-Maritime and Yonne . The Paris metropolitan area expands at each population census due to the rapid population growth in the Paris area. New communes (municipalities) surrounding Paris are included when they meet the commuter threshold required. At the 1968 census,
420-589: Was René Carmille , a pioneer of the use of the calculators , who laid the foundations of the modern organization. In 1940, the Demographic Service ( Service de la démographie ) was created under the Ministry of Finance in order to replace the military recruitment office prohibited by the June 1940 Armistice with Nazi Germany . In order to better conceal its undertakings, the Demographic Service absorbed
441-631: Was actually a double agent for the French underground. From his position in the SNS he sabotaged the Nazi census of France, which saved untold numbers of Jewish people from death camps. He also used his department to help mobilize French resistance in Algeria. He was caught by the Nazis and sent to Dachau where he died in 1945. The SNS was finally transformed into the INSEE by the law of 27 April 1946, The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Surveys for
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