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33-410: In chapter 13 of Völsunga saga , the hero Sigurðr is on his way to a wood when he meets a long-bearded old man he had never seen before. Sigurd tells the old man that he is going to choose a horse, and asks the old man to come with him to help him decide. The old man says that they should drive the horses down to the river Busiltjörn. The two drive the horses down into the deeps of Busiltjörn, and all of

66-581: A Sigurd runestone by the Rundata project, and only the bottom part remains. The inscription is reconstructed based upon a drawing made during a runestone survey in 1690 by Ulf Christoffersson, and originally included several figures from the Sigurd story, including a bird, Ótr with the ring, and a horse. The personal name Þorgeirr in the runic text means " Thor 's spear". Latin transliteration: Old Norse transcription: English translation: This runestone

99-442: A common understanding of the motif . In Wagner's Ring cycle of operas the name (as "Grane") is given to Brünnhilde 's horse. In Digimon Tamers , Grani was the name of the refitted 'Ark', which was used as a steed by Gallantmon late in the series. It was directly stated in episode 47 that it was named by its creators after Siegfried 's horse, Grani. Grani would later be used to upgrade Gallantmon into his Crimson Mode during

132-478: A form of the boardgame called tafl . The name Svarthǫfði in the inscription translates as "black head" and was often used as a nickname. Latin transliteration: Old Norse transcription: English translation: This baptismal font from c. 1100 is made of slate. It was discovered in pieces at the cemetery in Norum in 1847. On one side it shows Gunnar lying in the snake pit surrounded by four snakes and with

165-575: A harp at his feet. Gunnar in the snake pit was used as a Biblical typology similar to that of Daniel in the lion's den in representing Christ rising unharmed from Hell. Above the snake pit panel is a runic inscription, which ends with five identical bind runes of which the last two are mirrored. The meaning of these five bind runes is not understood. The font is currently at the Swedish Museum of National Antiquities . Old Norse transcription: English translation: The Hunninge picture stone

198-531: A raid boss and be obtained as a summon. Sigurd stones The Sigurd stones form a group of eight or nine Swedish runic inscriptions (five or six runestones , two natural rocks, and a baptismal font ) and one picture stone that depict imagery from the Germanic heroic legend of Sigurd the dragon slayer. They were made during the Viking Age and constitute the earliest Norse representations of

231-630: A ring with a wolf's hair wrapped around it. The scene on the bottom left depicts a woman watching the snake pit where Gunnar is lying, and at the bottom three men who could be Gunnar and Högni attacking Atli. The Hunninge picture stone is currently on display at the Gotland Museum in Visby . Gerlög and Inga : Färentuna Runestones , Hillersjö stone , Snottsta and Vreta stones Runic transliteration and transcription Runestone style The style or design of runestones varied during

264-399: A tree, the horse Grani , a bird, the head of Regin and a headless body, the roasting of the dragon heart, and Ótr. This inscription has never been satisfactorily transcribed nor translated. Latin transliteration: This sandstone runestone is classified as being carved in runestone style Pr2 and was rediscovered in 1974 outside the wall of the church of Österfärnebo . It is not listed as

297-466: A width of 2.5 meters and a height of 1.65 meters, consists of runic text on two serpents that surround much of the Sigurd imagery. The inscription dates from the same time as the Ramsund carving and it uses the same imagery, but a Christian cross has been added and the images are combined in a way that distorts the narrative logic. Some have claimed that the runemaster either did not understand

330-475: Is a skill that protects cavalry units against bonus damage from enemies who have anti-cavalry weapons. In Final Fantasy XIV , Grani is a mount available to players that pre-ordered the Shadowbringers expansion. It is described in-game as a "heroic steed from a realm not your own." In Arknights , Grani is a character based on a horse-inspired race. In Granblue Fantasy , Grani can be fought as

363-495: Is contemporary with FP dated to c. 1010- c. 1050 when it was succeeded by Pr3. This style is only somewhat younger than the previous style and it is dated to c. 1020- c. 1050, and it was also succeeded by Pr3. This style succeeded FP, Pr1 and Pr2 and is dated to c. 1050- c. 1080. This style appeared somewhat later c. 1060/1070 and lasted until c. 1100. This style was the last one before runestones stopped being raised. It appeared c. 1080/1100 and lasted until c. 1130. This style

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396-414: Is found at the church of Årsunda and was documented during a survey in 1690. The top of the stone shows a running man, who by comparison with U 1163 from Drävle can be identified as Sigurd. A second figure holds a ring in his hand. A cross is in the center of the design. Similar to the Sigurd stones U 1163, U 1175, Sö 327, and Gs 2, this combination of a cross and the Sigurd figure

429-419: Is generally considered an important piece of Norse art in runestone style Pr1 . The stone depicts (as numbered in the second image): The inscription was made for the same aristocratic family as the nearby Bro Runestone and Kjula Runestone . The runic text is ambiguous, but one interpretation of the persons mentioned, based on those other inscriptions, is that Sigríðr is the widow of Sigrøðr, and Holmgeirr

462-439: Is located at the church of Ockelbo . The original runestone was found in a foundation wall of the church in 1795 and removed and stored in the church in 1830; it was destroyed together with the church in a fire in 1904. The present runestone is a copy that was made in 1932 from drawings and raised outside the church. The runestone has several illustrations including matter from the Sigurd legends. One shows two men playing Hnefatafl,

495-483: Is taken as evidence of acceptance and use by Christianity of legends from the Völsung cycle during the transition period from paganism. The runic text, which is reconstructed from the 1690 drawing, uses a bind rune that combines the e- and l-runes in the name of the mother, Guðelfr. Latin transliteration: Old Norse transcription: English translation: This runestone, which is tentatively categorized as style Pr2,

528-527: The Isle of Man , broadly dated c.  950–1000 , include several pieces interpreted as showing episodes from the Sigurd story. This runestone is in runestone style Pr2 . It was found in Drävle, but in 1878 it was moved to its current location in the courtyard of the manor house of Göksbo. Its imagery shows Sigurd thrusting his sword through the dragon Fafnir (the lindworm or serpent band containing

561-535: The Sigurd stones , which depict imagery from the legend of Sigurd the dragon slayer, including the inscription on Sö 327 in Gök, Södermanland County , Sweden . In Norse iconography , the depiction of a horse carrying a chest was sufficient to represent Grani carrying the treasure after Sigurd had slain the dragon Fafnir . This is supported by a kenning in a Norse poem that refers to "Grani's beauteous burden," indicating

594-442: The Viking Age . The early runestones were simple in design, but towards the end of the runestone era they became increasingly complex and made by travelling runemasters such as Öpir and Visäte . A categorization of the styles was developed by Anne-Sophie Gräslund in the 1990s. Her systematization is considered to have been a break-through and is today a standard. The styles are RAK, Fp, Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4 and Pr5, and they cover

627-505: The Rundata project also includes the older runestones in this group, as well as younger ones. This style has no dragon heads and the ends of the runic bands are straight. This style is from the period c. 1010/1015 to c. 1040/1050, when Pr3 appeared. It is characterized by runic bands that end with animal heads seen from above. In the styles called Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4 and Pr5, the runic bands end with animal heads seen in profile. This style

660-513: The bridge into the afterlife, but the building of roads and bridges was also sponsored by the Catholic Church through the sale of indulgences promising intercession for the soul. Latin transliteration: Old Norse transcription: English translation: This inscription, located at Gök, which is about 5 kilometers west of Strängnäs , is on a boulder and is classified as being carved in runestone style Pr1–Pr2. The inscription, which has

693-413: The finale of the series and in one of the theatrical movies. Grani also forms the theoretical Old Norse root of the etymology of the island of Guernsey via Anglo-Norman , from "Granis" (Grani's) + "ey" (dialectical term for "little island"); although it is probable that this was from a Viking's personal name rather than a direct appellation to the divine horse. In Fire Emblem Heroes , Grani's Shield

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726-421: The horses swim back to land but a large, young, and handsome gray horse that no one had ever mounted. The grey-bearded old man says that the horse is from "Sleipnir's kin" and that "he must be nourished heedfully, for it will be the best of all horses". The old man vanishes. Sigurd names the horse Grani, and the narrative adds that the old man was none other than Odin. Grani is believed to be depicted on several of

759-795: The matter of the Völsung cycle that is the basis of the Middle High German Nibelungenlied and the Sigurd legends in the Poetic Edda , the Prose Edda , and the Völsunga saga . In addition, the figure of Sigurd sucking the dragon's blood from his thumb appears on several carved stones in parts of Great Britain with strong Scandinavian cultural influence: at Ripon and Kirby Hill, North Yorkshire , at York and at Halton, Lancashire , and carved slates from

792-546: The name is a variant of the Old High German name Siegfried, and that Viking Age individuals would have understand that Siegfried was a variation of the name Sigurðr, given the commentary in the Poetic Edda The reference to bridge-building in the runic text is fairly common in 11th-century runestones, including runic inscriptions U 489 and U 617 . Some are Christian references related to passing

825-413: The names in the inscription, Geirmarr means "spear-steed" and Skammhals is a nickname meaning "small neck". Latin transliteration: Old Norse transcription: English translation: The Ramsund carving is not quite a runestone as it is not carved into a stone, but into a flat rock close to Ramsund , Eskilstuna Municipality , Södermanland . It is believed to have been carved around the year 1030. It

858-528: The period 980-1130, which was the period during which most runestones were made. The styles Pr1 and Pr2 correspond to the Ringerike style , whereas Pr3, Pr4 and Pr5 belong to what is more widely known as the Urnes style . Below follows a brief presentation of the various styles by showing sample runestones according to Rundata 's annotation. RAK is the oldest style and covers the period 980-1015 AD, but

891-401: The runic inscription), the dwarf Andvari , and the valkyrie Sigrdrífa offering a drinking horn to Sigurd. The runestone has a stylized Christian cross , as do a number of other Sigurd stones: U 1175, Sö 327, Gs 2, and Gs 9. The combination of crosses with Sigurd images is taken as evidence of acceptance and use of legends from the Völsung cycle by Christianity during

924-402: The same motifs and ornamentation as U 1163 and may be a copy of that runestone. This runestone is located on the cemetery of the church of Västerljung , but it was discovered in 1959 in the foundation of the southwest corner of the church tower. The stone is 2.95 meters in height and is carved on three sides. One side has the runic text within a serpent band with the head and tail of

957-412: The serpent bound at the bottom. The inscription is classified as being carved in runestone style Pr2 and the text states that it was made by the runemaster Skamhals. Another runestone, Sö 323, is signed by a Skamhals, but that is believed to be a different person with the same name. The other two sides contain images, with one interpreted as depicting Gunnar playing the harp in the snake pit . Of

990-482: The transition period from Norse paganism . Latin transliteration: Old Norse transcription: English translation: This runestone is classified as being carved in runestone style Pr2 and is located in Stora Ramsjö, which is just southeast of Morgongåva . It belongs to the category of nonsensical runestones that do not contain any runes, only runelike signs surrounding a design with a cross. The inscription has

1023-496: The underlying myth, or consciously distorted its representation. Whatever the reason may have been, the Gök stone illustrates how the pagan heroic mythos was tending to dissolution during the Christianization of Scandinavia . However, the main figures from the story are represented in order when read from the right to the left. Sigurd is shown below the lower serpent, stabbing up at it with his sword. Other images include

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1056-412: Was found on Gotland and includes imagery that may be related to the Völsung cycle. The top section shows a man on a horse with a dog meeting a woman and two men fighting near a dead man who is holding a ring. This could represent Sigurd and Brynhild, Sigurd and Gunnar fighting, and Sigurd's death. Alternatively, the man carrying a ring could be the messenger Knéfrøðr, carrying Gudrun 's warning message of

1089-519: Was her father-in-law. Alríkr, son of Sigríðr, erected another stone for his father, named Spjút, so while Alríkr is the son of Sigríðr, he was not the son of Sigrøðr. Alternatively, Holmgeirr is Sigríðr's second husband and Sigrøðr (but not Alríkr) is their son. The inspiration for using the legend of Sigurd for the pictorial decoration was probably the close similarity of the names Sigurd (Sigurðr in Old Norse) and Sigrøðr. It has been also argued, that

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