Misplaced Pages

#912087

81-453: The bridge was built in 1905 in order to allow horse and wagon agricultural traffic to cross the river. Hans P. Ahlberg, whose dairy farm spanned both sides of the river, was instrumental in getting county commissioners to authorize the project, which was built on his property by the Ferguson & Huston company of Astoria, Oregon . The bridge was covered three years later in 1908 to preserve

162-686: A blacksmith; Johann Koaster, a carpenter; Job Aitkem, a boat builder; and George Bell, a cooper. After leaving the national waters of the United States, Tonquin sailed southeast into the Atlantic. On 5 October, the ship came within sight of Boa Vista in the Cape Verde Islands . The enforced policy of impressment by the United Kingdom made Thorn wary of passing British vessels. Consequently, he decided against staying at

243-478: A cost of $ 295,980.00. The new bridge included steel beams some of which received a wood veneer to maintain the bridge's historic appearance. On September 30, 1989, the bridge was rededicated to public use, with author, granger , and Grays River resident Robert Michael Pyle serving as master of ceremonies. The Howe truss timber bridge with timber decking spans 155.5 feet (47.4 m), is 22.5 feet (6.9 m) high with 16.75 feet (5.11 m) inside clearance, and

324-463: A crew of 24 and sailed north for Vancouver Island to trade with various Nuu-chah-nulth peoples living on the island's west coast. Alexander McKay was aboard the ship as supercargo and James Lewis as clerk. Near Destruction Island , a member of the Quinault nation , Joseachal , was recruited by Thorn to act as an interpreter, being recorded as "Joseachal" by McDougall in company records. He had

405-401: A knife a piece." Violence immediately erupted as warriors led by Wickaninnish attacked the crew on board, killing all but four of the men. Three crew members escaped in a rowboat during the confusion, and one badly wounded man, James Lewis, was left aboard the ship. The following day, 16 June, Lewis allegedly scuttled Tonquin by lighting a fuse that detonated the ship's powder magazine when

486-504: A major problem. Thorn sent five men in a boat to attempt to locate the channel, but the rough surf capsized the vessel and its crew was lost. Two days later another attempt by an additional small boat also sank. Of the five crew members, which included two Hawaiian Kanakas, only an American and a Hawaiian survived. In total eight men died attempting to find a safe route past the Columbia Bar. Finally, on March 24, Tonquin crossed into

567-454: A mayor, who each serve four-year terms. The mayor and council appoint a city manager to conduct the ordinary business of the city. The current mayor is Sean Fitzpatrick, who took office in January 2023. His predecessor, Bruce Jones, served from 2019 to 2022. The Astoria School District has four primary and secondary schools, including Astoria High School . Clatsop Community College is

648-566: A monopoly in the fur trade in the early 19th century. Astoria was incorporated by the Oregon Legislative Assembly on October 20, 1856. The city is served by the deepwater Port of Astoria . Transportation includes the Astoria Regional Airport . U.S. Route 30 and U.S. Route 101 are the main highways, and the 4.1-mile (6.6 km) Astoria–Megler Bridge connects to neighboring Washington across

729-573: A potential roadblock in this overseas project. Coles and Fanning both went to Washington, D.C. to request federal approval for the voyage to Fiji. There they held meetings with Albert Gallatin , the Secretary of the Treasury . Gallatin sent the proposal to President Thomas Jefferson , who formally approved it. Tonquin was dispatched to Fiji on 15 June 1808. Brumley was appointed captain, with Coles and Fanning both on board. From New York City,

810-524: A sister married to a Tla-o-qui-aht man, a factor that has been attributed to his later survival on Vancouver Island. While anchored at Clayoquot Sound , the Tonquin crew engaged in fur trading activities with the natives. Members of the neighboring Tla-o-qui-aht nation boarded the ship in large numbers to trade. Commercial dealings were negotiated between an experienced elder, Nookamis, and Thorn. Thorn offered an exchange rate found to be unsatisfactory by

891-586: A weekly street market have helped popularize the area as a destination. In addition to the replicated Fort Clatsop, another point of interest is the Astoria Column , a tower 125 feet (38 m) high, built atop Coxcomb Hill above the town. Its inner circular staircase allows visitors to climb to see a panoramic view of the town, the surrounding lands, and the Columbia flowing into the Pacific. The tower

SECTION 10

#1732782373913

972-472: Is 14 feet (4.3 m) wide. Cedar shingles cover the exterior. The bridge is the centerpiece of Ahlberg Park, which has been managed by the Grays River Grange since 2011 and is the site of an annual Covered Bridge Festival. Astoria, Oregon Astoria is a port city and the seat of Clatsop County, Oregon , United States. Founded in 1811, Astoria is the oldest city in the state and

1053-622: Is a monthly business magazine covering Astoria, Clatsop County, and the Northwest Oregon coast. It, along with The Astorian , is part of the EO Media Group (formerly the East Oregonian Publishing Company) family of Oregon and Washington newspapers. The local NPR station is KMUN 91.9, and KAST 1370 is a local news-talk radio station. The early 1960s television series Route 66 filmed

1134-505: Is always over 80% throughout the year, with average monthly humidity reaching a high of 84% from November to March, with a low of 81% during May. The average relative humidity in Astoria is 89% in the morning and 73% in the afternoon. Annually, an average of only 4.2 afternoons have temperatures reaching 80 °F (26.7 °C) or higher, and 90 °F or 32.2 °C readings are rare. Normally, only one or two nights per year occur when

1215-803: Is the western terminus of the TransAmerica Bicycle Trail , a 4,250-mile (6,840 km) coast-to-coast bicycle touring route created in 1976 by the Adventure Cycling Association . Three United States Coast Guard cutters : the Steadfast , Alert , and Elm , are homeported in Astoria. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 10.11 square miles (26.18 km ), of which 3.95 square miles (10.23 km ) are covered by water. Astoria lies within

1296-414: The 2000 United States Census . Of the 4,235 households, 28.8% had children under 18 living with them, 43.5% were married couples living together, 11.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.7% were not families. About 35.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.26, and the average family size

1377-584: The American Fur Company (AFC). Its first commander was Edmund Fanning , who sailed to the Qing Empire for valuable Chinese trade goods in 1807. The vessel was outfitted for another journey to China and then was sold to German-American entrepreneur John Jacob Astor . Included within his intricate plans to assume control over portions of the lucrative North American fur trade , the ship was intended to establish and supply trading outposts on

1458-588: The Battle of Savo Island in August 1942, during World War II , and the latter was scrapped in 1971 after being removed from active duty in 1949. Astoria has one sister city , as designated by Sister Cities International : Tonquin (1807) Tonquin was a 290-ton American merchant ship initially operated by Fanning & Coles and later by the Pacific Fur Company (PFC), a subsidiary of

1539-642: The Columbia River in the Pacific Northwest. Cargo on board included fur trade goods, seeds, building material for a trading post, tools, and the frame of a schooner to be used in the coastal trade. The crew consisted of 34 people including the captain, 30 of whom were British subjects. Four partners of the company were on board: Duncan McDougall , David and Robert Stuart , and Alexander McKay . Additionally there were 12 clerks and 13 Canadian voyageurs , plus four tradesmen: Augustus Roussel,

1620-554: The Falkland Islands on 4 December to make repairs and take on water supplies, with a suitable source of freshwater located at Port Egmont . Captain Thorn set sail on 11 December without eight of the men, including partner David Stuart, Gabriel Franchère and Alexander Ross . Having only a rowboat, the eight men spent over six hours rowing before they caught up with Tonquin . Robert Stuart quickly threatened Thorn to stop

1701-608: The Ghadar Party , a political movement among Indians on the West Coast of the U.S. and Canada to overthrow British rule in India, was officially founded on July 15, 1913, in Astoria. In 1883, and again in 1922 , downtown Astoria was devastated by fire, partly because the buildings were constructed mostly of wood, a readily available material. The buildings were entirely raised off the marshy ground on wooden pilings. Even after

SECTION 20

#1732782373913

1782-597: The Mediterranean climate zone ( Köppen Csb ), with cool winters and mild summers, although short heat waves can occur. Rainfall is most abundant in late fall and winter and is lightest in July and August, averaging about 67 inches (1,700 mm) of rain each year. Snowfall is relatively rare, averaging under 5 inches (13 cm) a year and frequently having none. Nevertheless, when conditions are ripe, significant snowfalls can occur. Astoria's monthly average humidity

1863-652: The Oregon Territory grew and became increasingly more colonized by Americans, Astoria likewise grew as a port city near the mouth of the great river that provided the easiest access to the interior. The first U.S. post office west of the Rocky Mountains was established in Astoria in 1847 and official state incorporation in 1876. Astoria attracted a host of immigrants beginning in the late 19th century: Nordic settlers, primarily Swedes , Swedish speaking Finns , and Chinese soon became larger parts of

1944-531: The Oregon Trail began filtering into the town in the mid-1840s. The Treaty of 1818 established joint U.S. – British occupancy of the Oregon Country. Washington Irving , a prominent American writer with a European reputation, was approached by John Jacob Astor to mythologize the three-year reign of his Pacific Fur Company. Astoria (1835), written while Irving was Astor's guest, promoted

2025-657: The Pacific Northwest coast. Valuable animal furs purchased and trapped in the region would then be shipped to China, where consumer demand was high for particular pelts. Tonquin began its journey to the Columbia River in late 1810, departing New York City and heading south through the Atlantic Ocean . In December, it reached the Falkland Islands , where Captain Jonathan Thorn briefly marooned eight PFC employees. After passing Cape Horn into

2106-567: The Pacific Northwest Coast of North America. Tonquin was assigned to the Pacific Fur Company (PFC) to accomplish this major commercial goal. The PFC was a subsidiary venture funded largely by the American Fur Company , the original fur enterprise founded by Astor in 1808. Astor was able to gain the services of United States Navy lieutenant Jonathan Thorn and put him in command of the 10-gun merchant vessel. On 8 September 1810, Tonquin departed New York harbor bound for

2187-781: The Pacific Ocean , Tonquin visited the Kingdom of Hawaii in February 1811, where the ship restocked and hired 24 Native Hawaiian Kanakas after negotiations with Kamehameha I and Kalanimoku . Tonquin finally reached the Columbia River on 22 March 1811. Eight crewmen died before the ship found a safe route over the Columbia Bar . Work began in May 1811 on the sole trading post founded by Tonquin , Fort Astoria , on

2268-449: The Pacific Ocean . Tonquin reached the Kingdom of Hawaii on 12 February 1811, dropping anchor at Kealakekua Bay . The possibility of men deserting the ship in favor of the islands became a major threat. Thorn had no choice but to make amends with the PFC partners to police the crew. Several men abandoned ship but the cooperation of the nearby Native Hawaiians saw their return. One man

2349-485: The swine flu outbreak of 2009 , many cruises were rerouted to include Astoria. The floating residential community MS The World visited Astoria in June 2009. The town's seasonal sport fishing tourism has been active for several decades. Visitors attracted by heritage tourism and the historic elements of the city have supplanted fishing in the economy. Since the early 21st century, the microbrewery / brewpub scene and

2430-512: The Columbia's estuary and laid anchor in Baker Bay . The personnel then proceeded fifteen miles up the river to present-day Astoria, Oregon , where they spent two months laboring to establish Fort Astoria . Some trade goods and other materials that composed the cargo were transferred to the new trading post. During this work, small transactions with curious Chinookan Clatsop people occurred. On 5 June 1811, Tonquin left Baker's Bay with

2511-545: The Equator Isles. After entering the Guangzhou port, the sandalwood cargo was sold in return for various Chinese products. Tonquin safely returned to New York City. Tonquin was sold for $ 37,860 (equivalent to $ 738,000 in 2023) to German-American businessman John Jacob Astor on 23 August 1810. Astor purchased the vessel to spearhead his plans for gaining a foothold in the ongoing maritime fur trade on

Grays River Covered Bridge - Misplaced Pages Continue

2592-647: The Hunted , Come See the Paradise , The Ring Two , Into the Wild , The Guardian and Green Room . Actor Clark Gable is claimed to have begun his career at the Astoria Theatre in 1922. Leroy E. "Ed" Parsons , called the "Father of Cable Television", developed one of the first community antenna television stations (CATV) in the United States in Astoria starting in 1948. The fourth album of

2673-566: The Noongar would initiate potential commercial transactions by establishing their peaceful intentions through dropping their weapons. Only after the Americans would put down their firearms would a spirited trade begin between the two groups. American goods such as beads, metal buttons and knives were often exchanged in return for Noongar-manufactured stone tools and food supplies. Those of the crew afflicted with illness were restored to health over

2754-481: The Tla-o-qui-aht returned to loot the ship; the explosion may have killed more than 100 natives. The crew members who had escaped during the initial massacre were allegedly captured and tortured to death by the Tla-o-qui-aht following the explosion. The only known survivor of the crew was Joseachal , who arrived back at Fort Astoria with the assistance of prominent Lower Chinookan noble Comcomly . His account

2835-518: The Tla-o-qui-aht still on board. The Tla-o-qui-aht consulted among themselves and on 15 June, as Tonquin was close to leaving the area, offered to trade their fur stockpiles again. They proposed that in return for a skin, the PFC officers sell three blankets and a knife. McDougall recounted that "A brisk trade was carried on untill all the Indians setting round on the decks of the Ship were supplied with

2916-405: The city was $ 18,759. About 11.6% of families and 15.9% of the population were below the poverty line , including 22.0% of those under 18 and 9.6% of those 65 or over. Shanghaied in Astoria is a musical about Astoria's history that has been performed in Astoria every year since 1984. Astoria operates under a council–manager form of city government. Voters elect four councilors by ward and

2997-525: The city's two-year college. The city also has a library and many parks with historical significance, plus the second oldest Job Corps facility (Tongue Point Job Corps) in the nation. Tongue Point Job Corps center is the only such location in the country which provides seamanship training. The Astorian (formerly The Daily Astorian ) is the main newspaper serving Astoria. It was established 152 years ago, in 1873, and has been in continuous publication since that time. The Coast River Business Journal

3078-520: The coldest daytime high is 36 °F (2 °C) whereas the lowest daytime maximum on record is 19 °F (−7 °C). Even during brief heat spikes, nights remain cool. The warmest overnight low is 63 °F (17 °C) set as early in the year as in May during 2008. Nights close to that record are common with the normally warmest night of the year being at 61 °F (16 °C). On average, 191 days have measurable precipitation. The wettest "water year", defined as October 1 through September 30 of

3159-720: The continent. It was later used as an American claim in the Oregon boundary dispute with European nations. The Pacific Fur Company, a subsidiary of John Jacob Astor's American Fur Company, was created to begin fur trading in the Oregon Country . During the War of 1812 , in 1813, the company's officers sold its assets to their Canadian rivals, the North West Company , which renamed the site Fort George. The fur trade remained under British control until U.S. pioneers following

3240-528: The crew was greeted by Francisco de Paula Marín and Isaac Davis . Marín acted as an interpreter in negotiations with Kamehameha I and Kalanimoku , a prominent Hawaiian government official. Besides his work in discussion between the Hawaiian Monarch and the PFC officers, Marín also acted as the pilot to guide the ship into port, for which he received five Spanish dollars . Twenty-four Hawaiian kanakas were recruited for three years service, half in

3321-401: The crew were killed by armed Tla-o-qui-aht led by chief Wickaninnish . The survivors intentionally detonated the ship's powder magazine, and Tonquin was destroyed and sunk. Joseachal , a Quinault interpreter previously hired by Thorn, was the sole crew member to survive the entire incident and return to Fort Astoria. While there, he held several conversations with Duncan McDougall and gave

Grays River Covered Bridge - Misplaced Pages Continue

3402-683: The economic well-being of the town. Before 1902, the company was owned by John Kopp, who sold the firm to a group of five men, one of whom was Charles Robinson, who became the company's president in 1907. The main plant for the brewery was located on East Exchange Street. As the Pacific salmon resource diminished, canneries were closed. In 1974, the Bumble Bee Seafoods corporation moved its headquarters out of Astoria and gradually reduced its presence until closing its last Astoria cannery in 1980. The lumber industry likewise declined in

3483-431: The elder, who wanted five blankets for every fur skin sold. These discussions continued on throughout the day and Thorn increasingly became frustrated at the indigenous intransigence to accept his terms. The interpreter later informed McDougall that Thorn "got in a passion with Nookamis", taking one of Nookamis' fur skins and hitting him on the face with it. After this outburst, Thorn ordered the ship prepare to depart, with

3564-457: The episode entitled "One Tiger to a Hill" in Astoria; it was broadcast on September 21, 1962. In recent popular culture, Astoria is most famous for being the setting of the 1985 film The Goonies , which was filmed on location in the city. Other notable movies filmed in Astoria include Short Circuit , The Black Stallion , Kindergarten Cop , Free Willy , Free Willy 2: The Adventure Home , Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles III , Benji

3645-483: The expensive wooden trusses from the ravages of the area rains. The roof of the covered bridge was originally built of "board and batten cedar siding with a capped tin roof." The bridge received a major restoration and reconstruction in 1988. In disrepair and at risk of being torn down, residents worked to raise funds for restoration. Reconstruction was completed by Dulin Construction of Centralia, Washington , for

3726-502: The first fire, the same building format was used. In the second fire, flames spread quickly again, and the collapsing streets took out the water system. Frantic citizens resorted to dynamite , blowing up entire buildings to create fire stops. Astoria has served as a port of entry for over a century and remains the trading center for the lower Columbia basin. In the early 1900s, the Callendar Navigation Company

3807-456: The first person known to have navigated the entire length of the Columbia River, reached the partially constructed Fort Astoria near the mouth of the river. He arrived two months after the Pacific Fur Company 's ship, the Tonquin . The fort constructed by the Tonquin party established Astoria as a U.S., rather than a British, settlement and became a vital post for American exploration of

3888-520: The fishing industry and lifestyle. Another popular annual event is the Dark Arts Festival, which features music, art, dance, and demonstrations of craft such as blacksmithing and glassblowing, in combination with offerings of a large array of dark craft brews. Dark Arts Festival began as a small gathering at a community arts space. Now Fort George Brewery hosts the event, which draws hundreds of visitors and tour buses from Seattle. Astoria

3969-490: The following days. Tonquin left the sound on 21 October for Tongatapu , where local peoples sold the crew stockpiles of "hogs, bread-fruit , [and] yams" among other products. On 10 December, Tonquin passed Vatoa and landed at Vanua Levu the following day. Greeted by a group of iTaukei men bearing gifts of fruit, the Americans informed their hosts of the previous agreement made over sandalwood. The dignitaries soon departed to transmit news elsewhere. Shortly after sunrise

4050-540: The fur venture and the other half as laborers on Tonquin . One of the Hawaiians, Naukane , was appointed by Kamehameha I to oversee the interests of these laborers. Naukane was given the name John Coxe while on Tonquin and later joined the North West Company . Tonquin and its crew left the Hawaiian Kingdom on 1 March 1811. The Columbia River was reached on 22 March 1811, but its dangerous bar posed

4131-486: The holdings of the Kingdom of Portugal and avoided the Cape Verde Islands. After sailing down the coast of West Africa , Tonquin made way for South America. Off the coast of Argentina an extreme storm struck, ruining many of the sails and adding two additional leaks in the hull. As the voyage continued on, the freshwater supplies dwindled to three gills a day per sailing member. The vessel landed at

SECTION 50

#1732782373913

4212-527: The importance of the region in the American psyche. In Irving's words, the fur traders were " Sinbads of the wilderness", and their venture was a staging point for the spread of American economic power into both the continental interior and outward in Pacific trade. In 1846, the Oregon Treaty divided the mainland at the 49th parallel north , making Astoria officially part of the United States. As

4293-527: The late 20th century. Astoria Plywood Mill, the city's largest employer, closed in 1989. The Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railway discontinued service to Astoria in 1996, as it did not provide a large enough market. From 1921 to 1966, a ferry route across the Columbia River connected Astoria with Pacific County, Washington . In 1966, the Astoria–Megler Bridge was opened. The bridge completed U.S. Route 101 and linked Astoria with Washington on

4374-450: The next day, iTaukei men gave fresh coconuts, breadfruit, hogs, and yams from their assembled canoes. The local leader, Tynahoa, arrived with his followers and announced that he had the agreed amount of sandalwood harvested and stockpiled. Over the course of an hour the Americans and Tynahoa held a discussion on board Tonquin . He told the merchants that several British ships from Port Jackson had visited and were still anchored nearby during

4455-469: The next year, was from 1915 to 1916 with 108.04 in (2,744 mm) and the driest from 2000 to 2001 with 44.50 in (1,130 mm). The most rainfall in one month was 36.07 inches (916.2 mm) in December 1933, and the most in 24 hours was 5.56 inches (141.2 mm) on November 25, 1998. The most snowfall in one month was 26.9 in (68 cm) in January 1950, and the most snow in 24 hours

4536-537: The only detailed account of how Tonquin was destroyed. Tonquin was constructed by Adam and Noah Brown at a dry dock in New York City in 1807. Tonquin was first purchased by Fanning & Coles to participate in the Old China Trade . It originally had a crew of 24, including its captain, Edmund Fanning . She departed New York City harbor on 26 May 1807 for the port of Guangzhou . Outside

4617-468: The opposite shore of the Columbia, replacing the ferry service. Today, tourism, Astoria's growing art scene, and light manufacturing are the main economic activities of the city. Logging and fishing persist, but at a fraction of their former levels. Since 1982 it has been a port of call for cruise ships , after the city and port authority spent $ 10 million in pier improvements to accommodate these larger ships. To avoid Mexican ports of call during

4698-499: The pop punk band The Ataris was titled So Long, Astoria as an allusion to The Goonies . A song of the same title is the album's first track. The album's back cover features news clippings from Astoria, including a picture of the port's water tower from a 2002 article on its demolition. The pop punk band Marianas Trench has an album titled Astoria . The band states the album was inspired by 1980s fantasy and adventure films, and The Goonies in particular. That film inspired

4779-409: The population. Of the 4,288 households, 24.6% had children under 18 living with them, 37.9% were married couples living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 47.0% were not families. About 38.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.1% had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size

4860-579: The population. The Nordic settlers mostly lived in Uniontown, near the present-day end of the Astoria–Megler Bridge, and took fishing jobs; the Chinese tended to do cannery work, and usually lived either downtown or in bunkhouses near the canneries. By the late 1800s, 22% of Astoria's population was Chinese. Astoria also had a significant population of Indians , especially Sikhs from Punjab;

4941-545: The port cities of China, Tonquin survived a typhoon while crossing the Macclesfield Bank . From there the vessel passed the Wanshan Archipelago on its way to Guangzhou. Prior to returning to the United States, Tonquin was detained by Commodore Edward Pellew . Apparently Fanning was previously acquainted with both Pellew and his father, and after a discussion with Pellew, Fanning subsequently

SECTION 60

#1732782373913

5022-422: The present-day Oregon coast. After construction was completed, the ship departed with a majority of the trade goods and general provisions from the fort, intending to trade them with indigenous tribes on the coast of Vancouver Island . When the crew began bartering with Tla-o-qui-aht natives at Clayoquot Sound in June, a dispute arose due to Captain Thorn's poor treatment of an elder. All but four members of

5103-559: The raw material. The tabu was formally absolved by Tynahoa, allowing the waiting British merchants to finally purchase their own supplies of sandalwood. Tonquin departed for Guangzhou on 22 March 1809. Sailing roughly northwest from Vanua Levu, the islands of modern Vanuatu and the Solomon Islands were sighted, in addition to parts of the Federated States of Micronesia , such as Kapingamarangi , which Fanning called

5184-481: The river. The population was 10,181 at the 2020 census . During archeological excavations in Astoria and Fort Clatsop in 2012, trading items from American settlers with Native Americans were found, including Austrian glass beads and falconry bells. The present area of Astoria belonged to a large, prehistoric Native American trade system of the Columbia Plateau . The Lewis and Clark Expedition spent

5265-518: The second voyage of Tonquin was focused on the active sandalwood trade throughout the Pacific Ocean. The previous year, an arrangement with a group of iTaukei people on Fiji was made by Captain Brumley of Hope . The sandalwood tree Santalum yasi was to be cut, collected, and processed by the iTaukei until Brumley returned in 18 months. The then still active Embargo Act of 1807 was

5346-796: The ship, saying if he refused then "You are a dead man this instant." This display made Thorn order the Tonquin crew to sail back and pick up the stranded crew. Thorn's actions led to increasing tensions between him and the employees of the Pacific Fur Company. Communication between company workers was no longer held in English to keep the captain excluded from discussions. Company partners held talks in their ancestral Scottish Gaelic and hired PFC workers used Canadian French . The atmosphere of "their jokes and chanting their outlandish songs" greatly frustrated Thorn. On 25 December, Tonquin safely traversed around Cape Horn and sailed north into

5427-434: The temperature remains at or above 60 °F or 15.6 °C. An average of 31 mornings have minimum temperatures at or below the freezing mark. The record high temperature was 101 °F (38.3 °C) on July 1, 1942, and June 27, 2021. The record low temperature was 6 °F (−14.4 °C) on December 8, 1972, and on December 21, 1990. Even with such a cold record low, afternoons usually remain mild in winter. On average,

5508-420: The time of Brumley's absence. However, he was insistent that no sandalwood had been sold to them, as he had declared a tabu on the sale of sandalwood among his subordinates. The sandalwood was delivered gradually to Tonquin from subjects of Tynahoa. This process would span several months, although the wait was apparently worth it. Fanning later stated that the entire hull and part of the deck were loaded with

5589-427: The title, as it was set in Astoria, the album's artwork, as well as the title of their accompanying US tour ( Hey You Guys!! ). The film Green Room prominently featured Astoria and the areas surrounding Portland . Two U.S. Navy cruisers were named USS Astoria : A New Orleans-class heavy cruiser (CA-34) and a Cleveland class light cruiser (CL-90) . The former was lost in the Pacific Ocean in combat at

5670-534: The vessel went south through the Atlantic Ocean and sailed past part of the Brazilian coast and later Gough Island . After passing Cape Horn , the ship continued to sail west, landing at King George Sound in modern Western Australia on 8 October 1808. A tent there was made to allow crew members with scurvy to recover. Local Noongar groups frequently visited the Americans at their tent. Through signs

5751-463: The winter of 1805–1806 at Fort Clatsop, a small log structure southwest of modern-day Astoria. The expedition had hoped a ship would come by that could take them back east, but instead, they endured a torturous winter of rain and cold. They later returned overland and by internal rivers, the way they had traveled west. Today, the fort has been recreated and is part of Lewis and Clark National Historical Park . In 1811, British explorer David Thompson ,

5832-578: Was 1,597.6 people per square mile (616.8 people/km ). The 4,858 housing units had an average density of 790.9 per square mile (305.4/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 91.08% White, 0.52% Black or African American, 1.14% Native American, 1.94% Asian, 0.19% Pacific Islander, 2.67% from other races, and 2.46% from two or more races. About 5.98% of the population were Hispanics or Latinos of any race. By ethnicity, 14.2% were German , 11.4% Irish , 10.2% English, 8.3% United States or American, 6.1% Finnish , 5.6% Norwegian , and 5.4% Scottish according to

5913-548: Was 12.5 in (32 cm) on December 11, 1922. As of the 2010 census, 9,477 people, 4,288 households, and 2,274 families were residing in the city. The population density was 1,538.5 inhabitants per square mile (594.0/km ). The 4,980 housing units had an average density of 808.4 per square mile (312.1/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 89.2% White, 0.6% African American, 1.1% Native American, 1.8% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 3.9% from other races, and 3.3% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 9.8% of

5994-420: Was 2.15, and the average family size was 2.86. The median age in the city was 41.9 years; 20.3% of residents were under 18; 8.6% were between 18 and 24; 24.3% were from 25 to 44; 29.9% were from 45 to 64; and 17.1% were 65 or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.4% male and 51.6% female. As of the 2000 census, 9,813 people, 4,235 households, and 2,469 families resided in the city. The population density

6075-469: Was 2.93. In the city the age distribution was 24.0% under 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 26.4% from 25 to 44, 24.5% from 45 to 64, and 15.9% were 65 or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.3 males. For every 100 females 18 and over, there were 89.9 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 33,011, and for a family was $ 41,446. Males had a median income of $ 29,813 versus $ 22,121 for females. The per capita income for

6156-497: Was allowed to start the return voyage, leaving the port on 18 November 1807. Another vessel owned by Fanning & Coles, Hope , was encountered the same day. After meeting with its captain, Reuben Brumley, Fanning continued to sail towards the Bocca Tigris . A squadron of British vessels stationed there stopped Tonquin and detained it for a day. The following day, orders from Commodore Pellew arrived, detailing that Tonquin

6237-539: Was an important transportation and maritime concern based in the city. It has long since been eclipsed in importance by Portland, Oregon , and Seattle, Washington , as economic hubs on the coast of the Pacific Northwest . Astoria's economy centered on fishing, fish processing, and lumber. In 1945, about 30 canneries could be found along the Columbia River. In the early 20th century, the North Pacific Brewing Company contributed substantially to

6318-620: Was built in 1926. Financing was provided by the Great Northern Railway , seeking to encourage tourists, and Vincent Astor , a great-grandson of John Jacob Astor, in commemoration of the city's role in the family's business history and the region's early history. Since 1998, artistically inclined fishermen and women from Alaska and the Pacific Northwest have traveled to Astoria for the Fisher Poets Gathering , where poets and singers tell their tales to honor

6399-591: Was flogged, another put in chains. Thorn assembled all of the crew and PFC employees and harassed the men to remain on the ship. Commercial transactions eventually began with the Hawaiians; the crew purchased cabbage , sugar cane , purple yams , taro , coconuts , watermelon , breadfruit, hogs, goats, two sheep, and poultry for "glass beads, iron rings, needles, cotton cloth". A courier from government agent John Young ordered Tonquin to visit him for meat supplies and then to have an audience with King Kamehameha I who resided on Oʻahu . Upon entering Honolulu ,

6480-471: Was the first permanent American settlement west of the Rocky Mountains . The county is the northwest corner of Oregon , and Astoria is located on the south shore of the Columbia River , where the river flows into the Pacific Ocean. The city is named for John Jacob Astor , an investor and entrepreneur from New York City, whose American Fur Company founded Fort Astoria at the site and established

6561-476: Was to be freed immediately and sent Fanning "his apology for your detention, and his good wishes, that you may have a pleasant and safe passage." Prior to the departure of the principal British officers, a toast to the United States and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was held. Fanning returned to New York City with a full cargo of valuable trade goods on 6 March 1808. Organized in 1808,

#912087