62-480: Great Canadian may refer to: Great Canadian Beer Festival Great Canadian Food Show Great Canadian Entertainment Great Canadian Shoreline Cleanup Great Canadian Theatre Company Great Canadian Wrestling Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Great Canadian . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
124-1133: A 25 per cent reduction in the provincial liquor distribution board's mark-up for local beers. Alberta's new grant program was expected to provide CA$ 20 million in assistance to craft brewers. The first contemporary Canadian craft brewer was Horseshoe Bay Brewing, founded in Vancouver in 1982. This was followed by many others, including Spinnakers Brewpub in Victoria (1984), Vancouver Island Brewery in Victoria (1984), Granville Island Brewing of Vancouver (1984), Brick Brewery of Waterloo (1984), Connor's Brewery of Mississauga (1984), Granite Brewery of Halifax (1985), Wellington Brewery of Guelph (1985), Big Rock Brewery of Calgary (1985), Upper Canada Brewing Company of Toronto (1985), McAuslan Brewing of Montreal (1989), Old Credit Brewing of Mississauga (1994), Muskoka Springs Brewery (1995), Neustadt Springs Brewery (1997), La Barberie of Quebec City (1997) and Steam Whistle Brewing of Toronto (2000). Microbreweries and brewpubs have continued to expand since. Jason Foster,
186-477: A 36 per cent increase in sales in 2015. In mid-2016, there were 140 such breweries operating in Ontario. British Columbia's craft beer industry has also experienced major growth, from 54 in 2010 to 118 such operations in 2015. These small British Columbia breweries benefitted from a 35% increase in the volume of beer produced in 2016 vs. 2015. On a Canada-wide basis, demand for craft beer is steadily increasing and
248-484: A beer columnist for CBC Radio One 's Radio Active and Vue Weekly and the creator of onbeer.org, argues that Canadian regional styles of craft brewing reflect the history and culture of those regions, often based on the origins of the people who settled there. He argues, for example, that Atlantic Canada is associated with the British styles and Quebec with Belgian styles due to their settlement history. Ontario has
310-431: A beer slurry containing ice crystals, without any appreciable collateral increase in the number of ice crystals in the resulting mixture. Finally, the so-treated beer is extracted from the mixture." The company provides the following explanation for the layman: "During this unique process, the temperature is reduced until fine ice crystals form in the beer. Then using an exclusive process, the crystals are removed. The result
372-447: A beer with a higher alcohol content by volume. The process is known as "fractional freezing" or "freeze distillation". Labatt patented a specific method for making ice beer in 1997, 1998 and 2000 which is described as: "A process for chill-treating, which is exemplified by a process for preparing a fermented malt beverage wherein brewing materials are mashed with water and the resulting mash is heated and wort separated therefrom. The wort
434-562: A change in ownership, however, they may no longer qualify as members of the Provincial craft brewers associations. Most microbrewers sell a small number of beer brands and often specialize in types or styles. Some of these also brew cider, a fermented fruit drink. Depending on the province, off-site retail sales may be limited to government-regulated retailers. Some operate solely as brewpubs, their entire output only for sale on-site. Bottle sales predominate among microbreweries, including
496-527: A cream ale across Ontario (at LCBO and The Beer Store), as do some smaller brewers. Muskoka describes its product as "... with its rich amber colour and inviting floral tones, ... a Cascade hoppiness and fuller body of flavour, ...". Naturally, craft brewers' products, especially from other provinces—such as Montreal's McAuslan Cream Ale and Vancouver's R&B Raven Cream Ale—are entirely different in most aspects. Ice beer originated in Canada, although it
558-644: A cream ale does not include lactose . One definition from the US suggests that cream ale in North America is "somewhat of a hybrid ... fermented like an ale at warm temperatures, but then stored at cold temperatures for a period of time, much as a lager would be. The resultant brew has the unchallenging crisp characteristics of a light pale lager, but is endowed with a hint of the aromatic complexities that ales provide. Pale in color, they are generally more heavily carbonated and more heavily hopped than light lagers." In
620-873: A former O'Keefe employee decrying the state of the business, the creation of the Campaign for Real Ale in the United Kingdom, the revival of smaller brewers in the United States beginning with Anchor Brewing in 1965, the 1981 deregulation of beer prices in British Columbia by minister Peter Hyndman and the resulting price hikes by the "Big Three". In June 1982, the Horseshoe Bay Brewery in West Vancouver opened, creating one of Canada's first microbreweries . Despite
682-494: A more "mainstream", "conservative" style — with German and eastern American influences. British Columbia has an "eccentric" style, influenced by the U.S. West Coast , with a noted presence of fruit beers and organic beers drawing from that region's culture of environmentalism . However, it makes little sense to say that Canadian beer is merely the sum of its parts, or takes all of its influence from other styles. Brands like Molson Export, Moosehead and Sleeman, for example, led
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#1732780855474744-517: A more widespread appeal. The commercial versions are alcohol-free but spruce beer is often home-brewed in bathtubs and bottled on rooftops in order to allow the sunlight to aid with natural fermentation. Although commercial production of this non-alcoholic style has grown in recent years, the main provider is still famed casse-croute restaurant Paul Patates in Montreal - using a recipe dating from 1896. Notwithstanding its relative obscurity, spruce beer
806-579: A patent on July 6, 1842, to George Riley of Kingston, Upper Canada for "an improved method of brewing ale, beer, porter, and other malt liquors." Molson's is the oldest surviving Canadian brewing enterprise. Prohibition in Canada did not last as long as in the U.S. and was largely over by the mid-1920s apart from Prince Edward Island , where it ran from 1901 to 1948. By comparison, the Temperance Act in Ontario ran from 1916 to 1927. The relatively large and powerful beer manufacturing sector - and
868-401: A wider demographic than the traditional mass-market beers which primarily target young males. (Men consume an estimated 71.5% of beer in terms of volume.) Beer can be considered a culturally important aspect of the stereotypical Canadian's life. Beer is the most popular alcoholic beverage in Canada, in terms of both volume and dollar value. Industry statistics indicated that in 2015, beer
930-417: Is a Labatt Maximum Ice with a 7.1 per cent alcohol content. One generic process of icing beer involves lowering the temperature of a batch of beer until ice crystals form. Since alcohol has a much lower freezing point (-114 °C; -173.2 °F) than water and does not form crystals when the ice is filtered off, this creates a concoction with a higher volume ratio of alcohol to water and therefore creating
992-465: Is a full-flavoured balanced beer." Since 1994 a small craft brewery called Old Credit Brewing in Port Credit , Mississauga, has been making an ice aged beer. This process involves fermenting the beer at a lower temperature than other products and then ageing it for eight weeks between -2 and -2.5 °C. This helps to remove the bitter aftertaste, give clarity of flavour, and increase the shelf life of
1054-439: Is an authentic Canadian style of beer, as well as one of the oldest forms of beer in North America. In addition to its unique main ingredient of spruce tips, epinette is also distinguished from other styles of beer from its use of a top-fermented yeast with no malt whatsoever, the addition of toasted bread as well as roasted grain in stages during the brewing process, for its short, in-barrel fermentation period of 24 hours, and for
1116-426: Is boiled cooled and fermented and the beer is subjected to a finishing stage, which includes ageing, to produce the final beverage. The improvement comprises subjecting the beer to a cold stage comprising rapidly cooling the beer to a temperature of about its freezing point in such a manner that ice crystals are formed therein in only minimal amounts. The resulting cooled beer is then mixed for a short period of time with
1178-598: Is essentially based on the German Eisbock style of beer. The first ice beer marketed in the United States was "Molson Ice" which was introduced in April 1993, although the process was patented earlier by Labatt , instigating the so-called "Ice Beer Wars" of the 1990s. Common ice beer brands in Canada in 2017, with approximately 5.5 to 6 per cent alcohol content, include Carling Ice, Molson Keystone Ice, Busch Ice, Old Milwaukee Ice, Brick's Laker Ice and Labatt Ice. There
1240-584: Is growing, sales of beer have increased only minimally. The volume of beer sold increased by only 1.7 per cent per year in the previous decade. Of that, domestic beer accounted for 1.1 per cent of the increase, while imports made up the balance. In terms of market share in dollar value, beer's share dropped from 47.9 per cent to 42 per cent in ten years, mostly due to the increasing popularity of wine . Imported beer sales, in volume, have grown significantly, increasing at an annual average rate of 6.0% between 2004 and 2014. The annual Canadian Brewing Awards recognizes
1302-429: Is marketed primarily on the basis of low carbs: 2.0g per bottle. Though not as heavily advertised, Molson Canadian 67 also contains only 2g of carbs, and is even lower in calories at 67 per bottle (vs. 80). Of course, beer connoisseurs usually rate regular beers as preferable to the light, and especially to the ultra-light, beers. For example, reviews generally consider Molson Canadian 67 to be too light in taste, without
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#17327808554741364-525: Is much lower than average in carbs. Data is readily available for the full Sleeman line, however. Consumers will get 12g of carbs in the Original Draught, roughly comparable to the 12 to 13g average cited by some sources. However, Sleeman Cream Ale and Honey Brown contain 18g and 19g of carbs, respectively. This company's Light beer contains only 4g of carbs which is lower than the 5 to 6g industry average cited by some sources. Their Clear 2.0 product
1426-437: Is only 0.4 percent per annum. Nonetheless, the number of licensed breweries in Canada increased from 310 in 2010 to 640 in 2015. Many of these are small operations since there were only 30 large (making over 7.5 million litres per year) breweries in 2015. The production of beer by microbreweries ("craft brewing") is a very fast-growing segment both in terms of the number of producers and the volume sold. Craft brewing appeals to
1488-417: Is that Moosehead , with an estimated 3.8 percent share of the domestic market in 2016, has become the largest fully Canadian-owned brewer. Beer sales have been sluggish overall in volume and in growth in industry revenue as other beverages have increased in popularity. Growth in revenue for beer makers averaged 1.3 per cent per year during 2011-2016; the estimated annual growth over the subsequent five years
1550-593: Is trading on the Brussels stock exchange as ABI.BR and as BUD on the New York stock exchange. SABMiller ceased trading on global stock markets. As per the agreement with the regulators, SABMiller sold to Molson Coors full ownership of SABMiller, including the Miller brand portfolio. Molson Coors now owns all of MillerCoors ; the latter is "the U.S. business unit of Molson Coors". As a result, Molson Coors regained
1612-500: The moderately low calorie/carb category. For example, the winners of the Light (Calorie-Reduced) Lager category in the 2016 Canadian Brewing Awards included Labatt's Bud Light, Moosehead's Cracked Canoe and Molson Coors' Coors Light. (According to the organizers, "This competition is judged by approximately 40 Certified Beer Judges (BJCP) who consider five criteria: aroma, appearance, flavour, mouth-feel, and overall impression when judging
1674-663: The Fat Secret Web site. In this brand's standard Original Draught there are 146 calories, 180 in the Clear Ale and Honey Brown but only 90 calories in their Light beer and 80 calories for Clear 2.0. The average for various brands of Canadian beer in 341ml containers (12-ounce) is roughly 140 to 150 calories for regular beer and approximately 100 calories for light beer. Consumers who are weight conscious may not be aware that beer can also be high in carbohydrates. The data can be even more difficult to find except for beer that
1736-476: The U.S. are significant, industry analysts expect a decline at an annualized rate of 1.6 per cent starting in 2016, due to the increasing popularity of U.S. brewed products. As well, Canada was a net importer of beer in 2014, with imports totalling CA$ 671.2 million (including 24 per cent from the U.S.) against exports of CA$ 215.4 million. A merger between Anheuser-Busch InBev and SABMiller closed on October 10, 2016. The new company, Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV,
1798-561: The US, this type can also include Kentucky common beer or cream beer, although this version is rarely brewed commercially today. The cream ale from Kilkenny (beer) in Ireland bears no resemblance to North American made cream ales. It is similar to Guinness with a nitrogenated cream head, but with "50% less carbonation than regular beers". The most widely distributed brand in Canada is the Sleeman Cream Ale - first crafted in
1860-582: The beer".) There is no consistent definition of a craft brewery or microbrewery across Canada. In fact, the various provincial governments only define categories such as small brewery, microbrewery, macro brewery and nano brewery, with each classification depending on the number of hectolitres produced and that number varies from province to province. Still, most of the craft brewers tend to be small and locally owned, often by families. Some such breweries have been sold to major corporations but they are still referred to as craft brewers by most news media; after such
1922-399: The beer. Unlike other processes, ice crystals are not formed in order to keep the alcohol content at 5% ABV. The final product is a smooth, easy-drinking craft beer. There is a much older German process called "Eisbock". "By cooling beer to just below freezing, you separate out a large portion of water from the alcohol, which has a lower freezing point. You then skim off the ice crystals from
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1984-399: The best beers in Canada using blind taste tests. Most of the winning beers tend to be from craft brewers, however, some larger brewers continue to place well. Beer was first introduced to Canada by European settlers in the seventeenth century , as Canada had an ideal climate for making beer before refrigeration was introduced. However, the preferred drink of the citizens of New France
2046-495: The brew leaving behind a beer that is twice as potent as the original." That produces a beer with 12 to 15 per cent alcohol. In North America, water would be added to lower the alcohol level. Spruce beer originated in 16th-century New France , initially as a method for preventing scurvy. The Huron and other First Nations groups living along the St. Lawrence were likely the first people to brew it; their recipes were later combined with
2108-478: The dominance of the foreign-controlled major brewers, the numbers of microbreweries has been increasing. There were 88 microbreweries in 2006. There was a 50 per cent increase in the number of independents between 2010 and 2015. By that year, there were 640 licensed breweries in Canada. That number may be as high as it will go. The trend is that as one microbrewery closes another opens to take its place. Craft beer sales are increasing. In Ontario (the province with
2170-850: The environment, it makes a lot of sense," said co-owner Rob McIsaac. Most of their beer is now sold in cans. Cameron's Brewing Company in Mississauga, Ontario, also sell the majority of their beer in cans. Craft brewer Black Bridge in Saskatchewan is strongly in favour of cans, due to the lower weight ("we can transport more beer while reducing our carbon footprint") and much greater resistance to light and oxygen that can reduce shelf life in addition to lower packaging and shipping costs. Three provinces provided major support to small brewers in 2015. Ontario invested CA$ 1.6 million to assist 20 craft breweries in expanding and in marketing. B.C. announced CA$ 10 million in support to their breweries through
2232-414: The growth of "beer parlours" also known as "taverns" which had no bar, did not serve meals and people sat and drank at cafe tables, where the beer was delivered by the glass, patrons could not move between tables, could not stand up with a drink and had other restrictions. Many beer parlours were segregated by sex, and had a men's only room, and a room for "ladies and escorts". The beer parlours, where often
2294-439: The huge working class that purchased their products - failed to convince any of the provincial governments to reverse their stance on prohibition. After the ending of prohibition, the sale of alcoholic beverages remained heavily controlled by government liquor boards and publicly owned stores in each of the provinces. Public drinking returned to jurisdictions often several years after the end of prohibition. The controls led to
2356-406: The large Growler (jug) . Increasingly, craft brewers are packaging at least some of their products in aluminum cans. For example, Ottawa's Beyond The Pale Brewing Co. once used only bottles, including one- and two-litre growlers, but the company added a canning system in 2015. "If you are trying to put out a premium product, it's better for the beer to be in cans. It's more convenient, it's better for
2418-511: The largest population) for example, there was a minimal increase in sales volume for the majors' products while craft beer sales increased by nearly 36 per cent in 2015. Beer produced by microbreweries ("craft beer") accounted for 10% of the Canadian beer market in 2015, and the microbrewery industry has been experiencing rapid growth. The growth, particularly in sales volume, is particularly noteworthy in Ontario, where craft brewers experienced
2480-424: The late 1800s by George Sleeman and possibly the first genuine iteration of Canadian cream ale. Sleeman Breweries current product, "crafted from ... the original Sleeman family recipe book" is described by the maker as "an authentic North American style [that] combines the easy drinking nature of a lager and the rich fruity character of an ale". Muskoka Brewery (a large craft brewer with 130 employees) also markets
2542-431: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Great_Canadian&oldid=1158457664 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Great Canadian Beer Festival [REDACTED] Canada portal Beer
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2604-578: The maturity point (peak) for this industry is still a long way off, according to Taps magazine, published by the parent of the Canadian Brewing Awards. One way the "macrobreweries" have dealt with the threat of this slow but steady growth of Canadian craft brewers is by buying them outright. For example, Creemore Springs of Creemore , Ontario was bought by Molson Coors in 2005, and Creemore subsequently acquired Granville Island Brewing in 2010. Mill Street Brewery of Toronto, Ontario,
2666-477: The most popular types are pale lagers like Molson Canadian and Labatt Blue from the big breweries. In Quebec and the Maritimes, lager-like ales such as Molson Export and Alexander Keith's are also popular. Although cream ale (referring to a creamy head) was an offshoot of North American light lager, this type is brewed as an ale, in accordance with individual brewers' preferences. Despite its name,
2728-760: The newly independent United States to Canada. During those centuries and into the nineteenth, a number of commercial brewers thrived, including some that became the staple of the Canadian industry: John Molson founded a brewery in Montreal in 1786, Alexander Keith in Halifax in 1820, Thomas Carling in London in 1840, John Kinder Labatt in 1847, also in London, Susannah Oland in Halifax in 1867, and Eugene O'Keefe in Toronto in 1891. The Upper Canada government issued
2790-550: The only thing allowed was to drink and was often the only place to drink in town was considered a factor in making beer a national drink of Canada. A period of consolidation occurred after the ending of prohibition and the brewing industry became extremely concentrated in Canada by the 1960s, dominated by just three companies ( Canadian Breweries , Molson and Labatt ). Together, all three had bought or merged dozens of smaller breweries, sometimes moving their products to another brewery or closed outright. In 1969, Canadian Breweries
2852-617: The past five years. Although the alcohol level is also lower, usually 4 percent vs. 5 percent for regular beer, the primary appeal of light beer is the calorie count but also the light almost 'non-beer' taste [for some consumers] and the successful marketing campaigns". In the top ten best-selling beers of the hundreds of brands sold by The Beer Store in Ontario, there are two light beers listed: Bud Light and Coors Light. Other sources also acknowledge these two, plus Miller Lite as best sellers in many provinces." The caloric content can vary significantly from brand to brand and even in products of
2914-429: The rich beer flavour of more highly rated products. Consumers who evaluate beer on Web sites such as Beer Advocate and Rate Beer consider the ultra-light beers such as Molson Canadian 67 and Sleeman Clear 2.0 as refreshing at best and bland or watered down at worst. Nonetheless, consumers who prefer not to give up beer while on a diet can certainly find several options that get at least acceptable ratings, especially in
2976-553: The right to make and market Miller Genuine Draft and Miller Lite in Canada. The largest fully Canadian-owned brewer, Moosehead Breweries , controlled about 3.8 per cent of the Canadian market in 2016. The revival of craft brewing dates from the early 1980s, according to Ian Coutts , in his book Brew North: How Canadians Made Beer and Beer Made Canada as a result of disparate and random factors. The factors included an article in May/June 1978 issue of Harrowsmith magazine by
3038-582: The same brand. Nutrition information is not available on the packaging since beer manufacturers are not required to include such data. However, some manufacturers' web sites and others for health-conscious consumers do provide relevant data for at least for certain brands. (Some sources publish calorie data for a 341ml or 12-ounce container, as the most common size, while others provide it for a 473 ml (16.6 imp fl oz) tall-boy can; this can create confusion.) For example, nutrition specifics are readily available for all Sleeman beers in 341ml bottles on
3100-558: The settlers' fermenting and yeasting practices. The primary benefit of spruce beer or 'epinette' was to prevent scurvy; it was used for that purpose by Jacques Cartier and his explorers when they arrived in Stadacona in what is now Quebec in 1535. Within a few decades of settlement, it had evolved into a formal style of beer, more commonly consumed by Canadians than any ale or lager, or indeed any kind of wine or spirit in Canada . It
3162-424: The top sellers in the market, and by 2008 Budweiser was the top-selling brand with 13 per cent of the market, followed by Coors Light with 12 per cent. Molson Canadian and Labatt Blue , for decades the top-selling brands, now hold third and fourth place. According to Agriculture Canada, the three major breweries accounted for approximately 90 per cent of retail sales in 2012. While annual exports, primarily to
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#17327808554743224-525: The use of maple syrup , brown sugar , molasses or birch syrup as flavouring agents. Epinette is also typically unhopped. In the US, light beer sales are close to 50% of the total, while in Canada such beer constitutes under 30% of consumption. In fact, Plato Logic, a beer marketing specialist, estimated in August 2015 that such beer totals only 20 per cent of total volume of sales but adds that this category has been growing at 2.1 per cent annually over
3286-486: The way in crafting a softer and more palatable style of ale and lager for North American audiences, while still retaining strength. For example, Canadian-style ales - pale or dark - tend to be maltier than their American equivalents and more bitter than their English cousins. Pale lager Too Many Requests If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include
3348-536: The world's largest brewing company). With the purchase of Sleeman Breweries , the largest remaining Canadian brewer, in 2006 by the Japanese-owned Sapporo Brewery , Canada's beer production has been mainly under the control of multinational companies, mostly foreign-owned. By the end of 2006, nearly 90 per cent of beer sales was brewed domestically under license from non-domestic corporations. American beers brewed under license have become
3410-645: Was imported wine or brandy. Although the first commercial brewery was built by Louis Prud'homme in Montreal (then Fort Ville-Marie ) in 1650, it failed. Jean Talon , the first appointed Intendant of New France put limits on the amount of wine and spirits that could be imported and established the La brasserie de Roy in Quebec City , in the year 1668. This brewery also failed after Talon returned to France in 1672 and import limits were increased. What instead sprung up
3472-495: Was introduced to Canada by European settlers in the seventeenth century. The first commercial brewery was La Brasseries du Roy started by New France Intendant Jean Talon , in Québec City in 1668. Many commercial brewers thrived until prohibition in Canada . The provincial and federal governments' attempt to eliminate "intoxicating" beverages led to the closing of nearly three quarters of breweries between 1878 and 1928. It
3534-459: Was only in the second half of the twentieth century that a significant number of new breweries opened up. The Canadian beer industry now plays an important role in Canadian identity , although globalization of the brewing industry has seen the major players in Canada acquired by or merged with foreign companies, notably its three largest beer producers: Labatt , Molson and Sleeman . The result
3596-601: Was purchased by Labatt in late 2015; after the acquisition had been completed, Mill St purchased Brickworks Ciderhouse and brought it under the Labatt umbrella of companies as well. In October 2015, Labatt had also purchased Turning Point Brewery, a craft beer maker in Delta, BC that brews Stanley Park beers. Other craft beers owned by major companies include Hop City owned by Moosehead, Unibroue and Upper Canada Brewing Company owned by Sleeman (and hence Sapporo). In most of Canada,
3658-545: Was sold to the Rothmans International multinational and renamed Carling O'Keefe . After a brief ownership by Australian Elders XL, Carling O'Keefe merged with Molson in 1989, then merged with US company Coors in 2005 to create Molson Coors , now the world's fifth-largest brewing company. Labatt's was purchased in 1995 by the Belgian company Interbrew (now part of Brazilian-Belgian Anheuser-Busch InBev ,
3720-518: Was still commonplace until the 1960s in Quebec but is now largely restricted to a select few microbreweries and restaurants, such as Garrison Brewery in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Both alcoholic and non-alcoholic varieties exist, although the latter is now the most common by far. However, despite the immense popularity of beer in Quebec, and in Canada generally, the non-alcoholic "soda" version has maintained
3782-494: Was the country's most popular alcoholic beverage and the products brewed in Canada held an 85 per cent share of the domestic market. The top selling style of beer in Canada is, by far, the pale lager . This type is also called North American Style Lager (by the Canadian Brewing Awards). In 2016, the best-selling brand was Budweiser, with many of its products manufactured in Canada. While Canada's population
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#17327808554743844-559: Was the development of spruce beer , both alcoholic and non-alcoholic. After the fall of New France, the numerous British soldiers in the Canadian British colonies in the eighteenth century was a benefit to breweries since the troops were each entitled to six pints of beer per day. Most preferred ales and other heavy beers, not lager. Another important base of customers was the British Loyalists that immigrated from
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