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42-588: The line runs north from Hillerød through the Gribskov forest and splits into two branches to the seaside resort towns of Tisvildeleje and Gilleleje . Connecting the wide belt of holiday homes along the northern coast of Zealand with Copenhagen is an important role of the Gribskov Line. The railway is standard gauge and single track . It opened in various sections between 1880 and 1924. The distance from Hillerød to either Tisvildeleje or Gilleleje

84-502: A nunnery that once was here. The nuns showed more interest in the monks at Esrum Abbey than in God, so he opened up the ground and the chasm swallowed up all the nuns and the entire monastery. The monastery continued to sink and sink and that was how the lake was created. It is said that one can still hear the monastery's bells ringing down in the lake on quiet evenings. There are many small ponds, streams and lakes throughout Gribskov, but

126-755: A flowering elder tree, is from 1787. The arrival of the railway brought new prosperity to the town, when the Zealand Railway Company opened the final stage of the North Line between Copenhagen and Helsingør on 8 June 1864. It was later followed by the Gribskov Line to Græsted (80, extended to Gilleleje in 1896, Helsinge in 1897 and Tisvildeleje in 1924) and the Frederiksværk-Hundested Line (1897-1916), which further contributed to Hillerød's status as

168-511: A large school situated in the old foresters lodge, Skovfryd (lit.: Forest-joy), from 1829 to 1830. Here forest engineers , landscape engineers and nature guides are educated. In the northeastern corner is the old Esrum Abbey . Gribskov has a long tradition for forestry of all kinds. In 1736, the German forester Johann Georg von Langen participated in restoring the Danish woodlands of

210-405: A local commercial centre. The improvements in infrastructure also attracted new industries. These included Nordstens Fabrikker, a manufacturer of agricultural machinery, which opened in 1877. A privately owned slaughterhouse and meatpacking facility, Hillerød Svineslagteri, opened in 1896. It was converted into the cooperative Hillerød Andelssvineslagteri by 300 local farmers in 1913. Foss A/S ,

252-461: A major provider of high-tech analytical solutions for the global food industry, is based in Hillerød. Novo Nordisk and FujiFilm Diosynth Biotechnology are other major employers with expanding sites in Hillerød's industrial park. The pension fund ATP is also headquartered in Hillerød. The two principal shopping streets are Slotsgade and pedestrianized Helsingørsgade. The largest shopping centre

294-707: A noisy colony of great cormorants has found a home. Cormorants can be a problematic bird to administer locally, but they are protected in Denmark and on list III in the Berne convention . The forest grows in a hilly terrain (by Danish standards), with lower lying areas in the east and west. The low-lying areas are dominated by beech and oak , but with several forest types mixed in, such as wood pastures or old coppice woodland with alder and ash . There are also numerous small ponds, bogs, swamps and springs, some enshrouded by myths, superstition or old folk tales. Gribskov

336-601: Is Frederiksborg Castle , which was long a seat of Danish kings. The castle is open to the public and houses the Frederiksborg Museum/ The Museum of National History. The castle also has a large baroque garden . The Town Museum ("Bymuseet") contains a permanent exhibition on the history of Hillerød. "The Boiler Room" ("Kedelhuset") has changing special exhibits. In 2005, the subject was the ancient and medieval history of Northern Zealand . The ruins of Æbelholt Abbey ( Æbelholt Klosterruin ) are

378-462: Is Slotsarkaderne with 50 stores. Hillerød has been chosen as the site for a new regional hospital: 'Nyt Hospital Nordsjælland' (English: New North Zealand Hospital ). To support the hospital, a new urban zone called Favrholm will be created in the south end of the city, and a new S-train station will provide access to the hospital. The project began in 2012 and the hospital should be ready in 2020. When completed, 'Nyt Hospital Nordsjælland' will be

420-604: Is about 25 kilometres (16 mi), with the total track length being 42.0 kilometres (26.1 mi). The railway is currently owned by Hovedstadens Lokalbaner and operated by the railway company Lokaltog . Lokaltog runs frequent local train services from Hillerød station to Tisvildeleje station and Gilleleje station with most trains continuing from Gilleleje along the Hornbæk Line to Helsingør station . The railway opened in various sections between 1880 and 1924. The first 19.7 km (12.2 mi) long section of

462-539: Is designated as an Important Bird Area (IBA). Around 20% or c. 1,200 ha of the forest has been reserved as 'forest to be untouched', in an effort to preserve some of the few spots of semi-natural woodland (SNW) in Denmark and stimulate the growth of new. The birdlife in Gribskov is varied and of international importance. The forest is home to the largest populations of common goldeneye , green sandpiper and red-backed shrike in Denmark and near Nødebo at Lake Esrum,

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504-428: Is in progress to re-establish a more natural waterflow and improved conditions for wetland areas. These measures have already enhanced the biological diversity and has had a direct positive influence on the living conditions for birds in the forest. There are several interesting bodies of water in Gribskov, seen both from a scientific and a folkloristic viewpoint. Store Gribsø (Large Grib-lake), or simply Gribsø ,

546-425: Is more than 10,000 years old, dating from the end of the last ice age , but the forest bears the marks of an intensive plantation industry that accelerated from the late 1700s and peaked in the 1800s. Former wetlands were drained and many new tree species were introduced, especially European spruce . These practises have now stopped in Gribskov. Artificial ditches are being filled to allow a more natural waterflow and

588-408: Is only a 10 ha lake, but is nevertheless the largest forest-enclosed lake in Gribskov. It is a so-called dystrophic lake and it is impossible to see the bottom in its dark waters, even though it is only 11 m deep. The lake has no outflows and it can be ice cold just beneath the surface, so care should be taken when bathing. Tradition says the lake is bottomless and was created when God angrily punished

630-656: Is owned and administered by the State of Denmark , and a part of the Kongernes Nordsjælland National Park . In July 2015, it was one of three forests included in a UNESCO World Heritage Site , the Par force hunting landscape in North Zealand . Gribskov is usually divided into four sections: The northwest surrounding the small village of Maarum , the northeast on the banks of Lake Esrum ,

672-483: Is the imperative form of the verb for 'catch' or 'grab', but the actual meaning and etymology of the word go a bit deeper. 'Grib' refers to the Old Danish word for something 'without any specific owner', so 'Gribskov' actually means a woodland of common ownership. Gribskov and Lake Esrum are designated as EU habitat directive and Natura 2000 areas, as part of an even larger preserve. On top of that, Gribskov

714-526: The Reformation in 1536, the monastery lands were appropriated by the state and the buildings were torn down. Some of the bricks were later used in the construction of Frederiksborg Castle. Esrum Abbey ("Esrum Kloster") is a Cistercian monastery dating from 1151. The only remaining building of this once vast complex now houses a permanent exhibition about the Cistercians. There is a restaurant in

756-560: The S-train network as well as several local railway lines. The town is surrounded by the former royal forests of Gribskov to the north and Store Dyrehave to the south. Hillerød was founded during the early medieval times. The name is first mentioned in 1552 as Hylderødz , deriving from the male name Hildi and the suffix -rød , meaning "Hildi's clearing". In 1550, crown prince Frederick acquired Hillerødsholm in exchange for other properties. His son, Christian IV , tore down most of

798-431: The S-train system as well as other Lokalbanen lines are possible, and through the Gribskov forest. At Kagerup near the northern end of the forest it splits into two branches going to Tisvildeleje and Gilleleje . Trains on the Gribskov Line are operated by the railway company Lokaltog . Lokaltog operates a fairly intensive timetable on the Gribskov Line with light DMUs working a fixed 30-minute frequency most of

840-540: The Gribskov Line between Græsted and Gilleleje, continuing along coast on the Hornbæk Line to Grønnehave station in Helsingør. This has been a tradition since 1971. Download coordinates as: Hiller%C3%B8d Hillerød ( Danish pronunciation: [ˈhiləˌʁœðˀ] ) is a Danish town with a population of 36,227 (1 January 2024) located in the centre of North Zealand approximately 30 km to

882-503: The day. Most passengers connect from the Nordbanen S-trains at Hillerød. Until late 2007, transfers to and from the Hornbæk Line were needed at Gilleleje, but after major changes to Gilleleje station, trains now operate through Gilleleje to Helsingør along the Hornbæk Line, eliminating the need to change at Gilleleje. During the summer months of July and August, Nordsjællands Veterantog operates weekend steam trains on

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924-401: The east coast of Lake Esrum. Scattered around the vicinity of Hillerød, is a number of smaller settlements and villages like Tulstrup, Ullerød, Gadevang, Nødebo , Sørup and Ny Hammersholt. Ullerød is both an old parish and a new borough at 150 ha and is connected directly to Hillerød. The Hillerød Stadium is the sports complex where the association football team Hillerød Fodbold play. It

966-459: The extensive path structures laid out in different parts of the forests, especially near Nødebo, in the years 1680–90 by King Christian V . These are long straight lines, usually designed in star-patterns, merging and radiating from strategical points. They were constructed and used for running up and tiring the game (usually deer) in so-called parforce hunting , by horse and packs of hunting dogs. The same kind of layout and design also can be seen in

1008-461: The forest itself, while fallow deer were introduced at some point during the Middle Ages . The fallow deer population in Gribskov is the largest free roaming fallow deer population in Denmark, at 600-800 animals. There has been a long tradition of surface water draining by ditch-digging and natural waterflow regulation in Gribskov for various reasons, but these practises have now ceased and work

1050-501: The lake of Store Gribsø and south towards the settlement of Gadevang in the southeastern section. As the name implies, Swedish prisoners of war were used for this large project, ordered by King Frederik II . The ditch is just one part of a larger network of ditches dug since the middle ages, to supply the Frederiksborg Palace with running water, to exploit the water resource for watermills in earlier times and to drain

1092-403: The larger ones— Store Gribsø , Solbjerg Engsø and Strødam Engsø —all are situated in the southwestern parts. The latter two are the largest and attract a rich birdlife, but they are both on the edge of the forest. The most prominent landmark is perhaps Svenskegrøften (lit.: The Swedish Ditch) initiated in 1576. It is a 2–3 km long artificial canal, winding its way through the forest from

1134-613: The largest hospital in the country. The characteristics of business life in Hillerød are primarily pharmaceutical industry, knowledge, production and education. The municipality and the state administers a number of educational institutions offering short-term or medium-term education. Among them are the Business Academy North Zealand, Hillerød Technical School, Hillerød Business School, Hillerød Tekniske Gymnasium, Frederiksborg Gymnasium og HF, VUC and Hillerød teacher training college. The settlement of Nødebo on

1176-617: The marked tree in Gribskov, he developed a very successful hybrid with Japanese larch , able to withstand the devastating fungal larch canker disease also known as Lachnellula willkommii . The hybrids also had a faster and healthier growth. The hybrid is known as Larix × marschlinsii or L. × eurolepis (discouraged name) and can also occur spontaneously, wherever European and Japanese larch grow together. Nowadays parts of Gribskov are used for seed production of species such as European spruce . The history of hunting in Gribskov also reaches far back in time. The most visible signs are perhaps

1218-497: The megalithic tomb are two round dolmens , one of which is heavily deteriorated. Another megalithic passage grave is situated in the southwestern part of the woods. This tomb is known as Mor Gribs Hule (lit.: Mother Grib's Lair) and of similar age and origin as Jættestuen. Tradition says that the notorious sorceress Mother Grib lived in the grave chamber. She used to whistle at wayfarers, leading them astray to be robbed and killed by her sons This story gives an entirely new meaning to

1260-447: The most extensive woodlands in Denmark, with Store Dyrehave to the south and the forests of Gribskov to the north. Gribskov is the fourth largest connected woodland in the country and both of the forests are rich with wild game , primarily deer . Just east of Gribskov is Esrum Sø , the second largest lake in Denmark and a few kilometers northeast of Hillerøds city center is Fredensborg Palace and its extensive baroque gardens, on

1302-443: The name of Gribskov. Just northwest of Gribskov, the small woodland of Valby Hegn holds a total of seven long barrows from the neolithic. Gribskov is cut through by the Gribskov Line , an old railway line laid out in 1878, then offering the urban population a first-time opportunity to visit the forests. Near the village of Nødebo at Lake Esrum in the southeastern part of the forest is Skovskolen (lit.: The Forest School),

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1344-462: The northwest of Copenhagen , Denmark. Hillerød is the administrative centre of Hillerød Municipality and also the administrative seat of Region Hovedstaden (Capital Region of Denmark), one of the five regions in Denmark. It is most known for its large Renaissance castle, Frederiksborg Castle , now home to the Museum of National History. Hillerød station is the terminus of one of the radials of

1386-447: The old buildings and built a new castle between 1602 and 1625. It was never officially incorporated as a market town but prospered from ample privileges afforded by successive monarchs, although it experienced a setback when Frederick IV moved court to Fredensborg Palace in the 1720s. Hillerød was from 1772 until 1908 named Frederiksborg after its castle. Its first town council was established in 1778 and its town shield, which features

1428-441: The railway line from Hillerød to Græsted opened on 20 January 1880. The next 6.2 km (3.9 mi) long section from Græsted onwards to Gilleleje opened on 14 May 1896. On 16 June 1897 the 6.0 km (3.7 mi) long branch line from Kagerup to Helsinge opened. The last 10.1 km (6.3 mi) long section from Helsinge to Tisvildeleje opened on 18 July 1924. The line runs north from Hillerød where transfers from

1470-469: The remains of the largest Augustinian monastery in the northern countries. The site also contains a museum showing its history. The monastery was founded in 1175/76 by the French Augustinian, William of Æbelholt , later Saint William, for the reform of the already extant Eskilsø Abbey , which was moved here. He was summoned to the task by the Danish archbishop and statesman Absalon . After

1512-543: The southeastern banks of Esrum Sø and enclosed by Gribskov, is home to the forestry boarding school of 'Skovskolen' (English: ' The Forest School ) administered by the University of Copenhagen . Hillerød also houses a Pharmaceutical College. Pharmakon - Danish College of Pharmacy Practice ( Danish : Farmakonomskolen Pharmakon ) is a higher tertiary educational institution of pharmaceutical sciences with 602 pharmaconomist students . The best known monument

1554-492: The southwest around the small lake of Gribsø and finally the southeast, enclosing the village of Nødebo on the southern banks of Lake Esrum. Only a thin strip of Hillerød town in the south separates Gribskov from many larger woodlands such as Store Dyrehave at 1,100 ha, Tokkekøb Hegn at 631 ha and several smaller woods. The Danish name Gribskov translates literally as Grib forest in English. The first part, 'grib',

1596-514: The spruce plantations are cut down, to be naturally and quickly replaced by alder , birch and willow in coming years. It is expected that Gribskov will comprise more semi-natural woodland of deciduous trees in the future. The forest of Gribskov offers a rare opportunity to observe free roaming deer of all the four species living in Denmark; namely the roe deer , sika deer , red deer and fallow deer , with roe and fallow deer being most common in Gribskov. Roe deer have lived here for as long as

1638-428: The time by introducing European larch . Some of the first larch trees were planted in Gribskov in 1776 and they still can be seen there today in the northwestern parts, just east of Mårum . Known as Tinghuslærkene (lit.: The Tinghus-larches), one of the trees, now marked with a yellow ring and standing 36 m tall, was picked in 1935 by the Danish forestry geneticist Carl Syrach-Larsen for hybrid experimentation. From

1680-459: The vaults. Next to the monastery is "Esrum Møllegaard", the Nature and Environmental Centre of Ecology. Another cultural institution is "Hillerød Viden- og Kulturpark" (Hillerød Knowledge and Culture Park); a library with surrounding culture workshops and game spots. This is the gathering spot for the cultural life of Hillerød - with exhibitions, music and theatre. Hillerød is surrounded by some of

1722-485: The wetlands so the land could be used for plantations. There are an estimated 526 km of artificial ditches in Gribskov. There are several relics of the past in Gribskov. One example is the megalithic passage grave just outside Kagerup , a village south of Maarum in the northwest of the forest. It was raised at some point in the neolithic Stone Age , about 5–6,000 years ago and is referred to as Jættestuen , simply meaning The Passage Grave in English. Not far from

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1764-442: Was formerly the site of a motorcycle speedway stadium known as Selskov Stadium, which at one time was the primary speedway location in Denmark. 55°56′N 12°19′E  /  55.933°N 12.317°E  / 55.933; 12.317 Gribskov Gribskov (Grib Forest) is Denmark 's fourth largest forest, comprising c. 5,600 ha of woodland situated in northern Zealand , west and south of Lake Esrum . The forest

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