7-534: 44°28′10″N 4°46′17″E / 44.46944°N 4.77139°E / 44.46944; 4.77139 Mandrin Cave (French: "Grotte Mandrin") is a cave in France where habitation alternating between Neanderthals and Initial Upper Paleolithic Modern Humans has been documented, and the presence of modern humans has been dated to between 56,800 and 51,700 years ago, about 10,000 years before previously accepted dates for
14-617: A southern dispersal route through South Asia , rapidly diverging there. Initial Upper Paleolithic sites are considered as forming the earliest culture of modern humans in Europe. However, these people do not appear to have been the ancestors of later Europeans as the very few ancient DNA (aDNA) samples recovered from this period are not related to later samples. They ended in Bacho Kiro cave and Oase , but this wave of colonization did not go as far as Western Europe and apparently
21-691: A new wave of modern humans emerged, creating a single founder population, which became ancestral to modern Europeans, exemplified by individuals such as Kostenki-14 . The Initial Upper Paleolithic corresponds to the spread of a particular techno-complex in Eurasia, to which possibly relates the European Châtelperronian . But the Aurignacian complex (Protoaurignacian and Early Aurignacian) with its famous Cave art seems to correspond to another, later, human wave which spread through
28-617: A population hub through a star-like expansion pattern (>45kya), and are linked to " East-Eurasian " lineages, broadly ancestral to modern populations in Eastern Eurasia and Oceania, notably East Asian peoples , Aboriginal Australians , and Papuans . While ancient samples found in Central Asia and Europe , such as the Ust'-Ishim man , Bacho Kiro , or Oase 2 , used inland routes, the ancestors of Eastern Asians and Oceanians used
35-666: The colonization of Europe by modern humans. Mandrin Cave is located in the municipality of Malataverne , on the left bank of the Rhône . Initial Upper Paleolithic The Initial Upper Paleolithic (also IUP , c. 50,000–40,000 BP ) covers the first stage of the Upper Paleolithic , during which modern human populations expanded throughout Eurasia. Modern humans of the Initial Upper Paleolithic (IUP) wave are suggested to have expanded from
42-509: The initial phase of their expansion in the Middle East, and they carried ~2–9% Neanderthal ancestry in their genomes. It is also considered that the early modern human coexisted with Neanderthals in Europe for a period of about 3,000–5,000 years. Among the earliest modern humans which have been directly dated to this period are: These individuals (except Tianyuan) did not contribute substantially to modern humans, but from around 37,000
49-402: Was not successful. Ancient East Eurasians and Ancient West Eurasians diverged around 46,000 years ago, with Ancient East Eurasians rapidly further diverging since 45,000 years ago, which aligns with the timeframe of the Initial Upper Paleolithic. These early Eurasian populations probably mated episodically with Neanderthals in the period between 50,000 and 60,000 years ago, probably during
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