36-639: Mervyn Ian Guy Hamilton DSC (16 September 1922 – 20 April 2016) was an English film director. He directed 22 films from the 1950s to the 1980s, including four James Bond films. Hamilton was born in Paris on 16 September 1922, son of Frederick William Guy Hamilton (1895-1988), press attaché to the British embassy in Paris and Captain in the King's Own Royal Lancaster Regiment , and Winifred Grace Culling (1895-1970), daughter of William Archibald Culling Fremantle, of
72-537: A couple of shots; The Angel with the Trumpet (1950), State Secret (1950) for Sidney Gilliat ; Outcast of the Islands (1951) for Reed; The African Queen (1951) for John Huston ; and Home at Seven (1952) for Ralph Richardson . Reed suggested to Hamilton that if he wanted to direct he should refuse to re-sign with Korda unless he gave Hamilton a chance to direct. It worked and Korda allocated Hamilton
108-545: A customer complained. It becomes clear that this was Sheila. In a second flashback, Sheila is trying to choose a hat with her mother. Sheila accuses Eva of being rude for smiling as she struggles to fit the hat and demands she is dismissed. Sheila explains she was jealous of her looks. The inspector says Eva then changed her name to Daisy Renton, to which Gerald looks shocked. Gerald confesses to Sheila that he had an affair with Daisy beginning in March 1911. He says he met Daisy at
144-410: A scandal and realise there is no evidence. They also realise the photo of the girl was only shown to one at a time. Gerald phones the infirmary to check the girl is really dead but is told no-one died. It is all a strange scam. Mr and Mrs Birling decide to go back to how they were, though Sheila and Eric are permanently changed. Then the phone rings. A girl has just died at the infirmary and an inspector
180-521: A third assistant director. Over the next few years he worked his way up to a first assistant director. Hamilton later said, "I found that working with bad directors was infinitely more useful because you watched them get into trouble three times a day and puddle around and you say, you know, I won't do that, I don't want to fall into that trap." He worked on They Made Me a Fugitive (1947), Mine Own Executioner (1947), Anna Karenina (1948), and The Fallen Idol (1949) directed by Carol Reed . "I
216-555: A unit that ferried agents into France and brought downed British pilots back to England. During this service, he was left behind for a month in occupied Brittany ; he was later awarded the Distinguished Service Cross . After the war Hamilton wanted to get into film production and managed to get a job on a second unit in Dartmoor on a Trevor Heid picture. Then he was put under contract by Alexander Korda as
252-499: A war theme on the Dino De Laurentiis -produced Italian war comedy The Best of Enemies (1961). This was the first film to show Hamilton's skill with intricate set-piece action sequences. He turned down an offer to direct Dr. No (1962), the first James Bond film. His next release, and somewhat outside his developing œuvre, was The Party's Over , which, though filmed in 1963, was not released until 1965. The film
288-447: Is based upon the 1945 play An Inspector Calls by J.B. Priestley and was adapted for the screen by Desmond Davis . It was shot at Shepperton Studios with sets designed by the art director Joseph Bato . In 1912, the upper class Birling family sit at a dining table at the end of a dinner party with their friends. Gerald Croft proposes to the daughter, Sheila. Mother chastises Eric, the son, for drinking too much. Father discusses
324-597: Is on his way. In the study Poole has vanished. An Inspector Calls was filmed at Shepperton Studios , Shepperton , Middlesex , England , under the auspices of the Watergate Productions Ltd. In the original play, the Inspector's name was Inspector Goole. Although the play never shows Eva Smith, the film opens in flashbacks that show each member of the family's involvement in Smith's life. In
360-760: The Church Missionary Society in India . His mother was a great-granddaughter of the Christian campaigner Sir Culling Eardley , 3rd Baronet, and of the politician Thomas Fremantle, 1st Baron Cottesloe . His parents divorced in 1923, and Hamilton attended school in England. His first exposure to the film industry came in 1938, when he was a clapperboard boy at the Victorine Studios in Nice. At
396-723: The Medal for Gallantry . Only one person has ever been awarded the Distinguished Service Cross four times. Norman Eyre Morley served in the Royal Naval Reserve during World War I and World War II . He was awarded the DSC for the first time in 1919. He was awarded his second DSC in 1944. He was awarded the DSC a further two times in 1945. He gained an entry into the Guinness Book of Records as
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#1732780056923432-667: The Royal Air Force serving with the Fleet could receive the DSC, and, from November 1942, so could those in the Army aboard defensively equipped merchant ships . Since the 1993 review of the honours system , as part of the drive to remove distinctions of rank in awards for bravery, the Distinguished Service Medal , formerly the third-level decoration for ratings, has been discontinued. The DSC now serves as
468-575: The US Navy for service in Korea . The above table includes awards to the Dominions : In all, 199 DSCs have gone to those serving with Canadian forces, with 34 first bars and five second bars. It was replaced in 1993 by the Medal of Military Valour . 182 were awarded to Australians, in addition to 13 first bars and three second bars. Last awarded to an Australian in 1972, it was replaced in 1991 by
504-576: The Cross, with a silver rosette worn on the ribbon when worn alone, to denote the award of each bar. During World War I , officers of the Merchant and Fishing Fleets had been awarded the DSC, and their eligibility was legally clarified by an order in council in 1931. World War II saw a number of changes. In December 1939, eligibility was extended to Naval Officers of the rank of Commander and Lieutenant-Commander . In April 1940, equivalent ranks in
540-609: The Palace Variety Show and we enter a third flashback in the bar where he tricks the man she was with to leave and takes his seat. He takes her for a meal and, finding she is homeless, lets her use his townhouse and gives her money to survive on. It develops into an affair, but he does not go out with her in public. On one of his visits, she realises that he is building up to breaking off their affair, and, to make things easier for him, tells him they should separate as she realises that he only ever felt sorry for her. She leaves
576-532: The actress Kerima in 1964, many years after they first met during the filming of Outcast of the Islands . They lived in a villa in Andratx on the Mediterranean island of Mallorca from the mid-1970s until his death. Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom) The Distinguished Service Cross ( DSC ) is a third-level military decoration awarded for gallantry during active operations against
612-609: The enemy at sea to officers; and, since 1993, ratings and other ranks of the British Armed Forces , Royal Fleet Auxiliary and the British Merchant Navy have been eligible. The award was formerly also awarded to members of armed forces of other Commonwealth countries. The DSC is "awarded in recognition of an act or acts of exemplary gallantry during active operations against the enemy at sea." Since 1979, it can be awarded posthumously. The award
648-404: The flat the next day. It is revealed that Mrs Birling refused Eva charity in her role as chairwoman of a charity committee. The refusal was on the grounds that Eva gave the name Birling and claims her husband left her. She is pregnant. Finally, Eric is shown to have met Eva on a tram. They have an affair and Eva falls pregnant. He steals money to support her, but she refuses it when she realises it
684-470: The job of directing the B-movie The Ringer (1952). Hamilton's second film as director was The Intruder (1953) dealing with soldiers returning to civilian life, produced by Ivan Foxwell . He followed it with an adaptation of An Inspector Calls (1954). Hamilton's fourth film was the prisoner-of-war story The Colditz Story (1955), which he also co-wrote with producer Foxwell. It
720-423: The likelihood of war and after the meal discusses his possible knighthood with Gerald over port and cigars. They are interrupted by a man calling himself Inspector Poole, investigating the suicide of a working-class girl Eva Smith whose death is linked to each family member. Eva has poisoned herself. She left a diary. Eva was one of Mr Birling's workers in his factory. In a flashback to 1910, we see Eva working in
756-460: The machine shop in his factory. She goes with a group of women to demand a pay increase from 22/6 to 25/- per week. Birling refuses and tells them to find another job if they are unhappy. Back in the Birling house, the father cannot see what any of this has to do with him. The inspector explains that after a period of unemployment she went to work at Lilworth's but was dismissed after 2 months after
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#1732780056923792-482: The most decorated reserve naval officer. In 1919, the Distinguished Service Cross was awarded to the City of Dunkirk for the gallant behaviour of its citizens during World War I, and the Cross appears in the coat of arms of the city. An Inspector Calls (1954 film) An Inspector Calls is a 1954 British drama film directed by Guy Hamilton and starring Alastair Sim , Jane Wenham and Eileen Moore . It
828-677: The outbreak of the Second World War in 1939, Hamilton escaped from France by the MV Saltersgate , a collier bound for French North Africa ; one of the other 500 refugees aboard was W. Somerset Maugham . Having travelled from Oran to Gibraltar before arriving in London, he worked in the film library at Paramount News before being commissioned in the Royal Navy ; he served in the 15th Motor Torpedo Boat 718 Flotilla,
864-416: The play, Eva is first sacked for being involved in a strike; in the film, she is simply sacked for suggesting that the increased wages requested were necessary to live on. Similarly, in the play, Sheila is trying on a dress when the incident with Eva occurs in the shop; in the film, the incident is over a hat. In the play, the Inspector is ushered in by the maid, while in the film he simply appears suddenly in
900-511: The post-nominal "DSC". The DSC is a plain silver cross with rounded ends, with a width of 43 millimetres (1.7 in) and with the following design: Since 1901 at least 6,658 Crosses and 603 bars have been awarded. The dates below reflect the relevant London Gazette entries: A number of honorary awards were made to members of allied foreign forces, including 151 for World War I, and 228 (with 12 first bars and 2 second bars) for World War II. Eight honorary awards were made in 1955 to members of
936-503: The spectacular and risky stunts of the Bond films of his era. "I know that I’ve made some bad pictures, but when I was making a film, I knew I had to do the best I could with the material that I was working with," he said. "Sometimes I wished I had a more cooperative or a better writer, but that's the same for everybody." Hamilton died at the age of 93 on 20 April 2016. Hamilton was married twice, first to Naomi Chance in 1953, and then to
972-564: The third-level award for gallantry at sea for all ranks, not to the standard required to receive the Victoria Cross or the Conspicuous Gallantry Cross . The DSC had also been awarded by Commonwealth countries; however, by the 1990s, most of these—including Canada , Australia , and New Zealand —were establishing their own honours systems and no longer recommended British honours. Recipients are entitled to
1008-483: The war epic Battle of Britain (1969). He returned to the Bond film franchise with the chase- and gadget-dependent Diamonds Are Forever (1971), Live and Let Die (1973) and The Man with the Golden Gun (1974). He claimed in a much later interview that he had instructed Roger Moore not to mimic Sean Connery 's rendition of James Bond and said the only Bond he regretted making was Golden Gun . Hamilton
1044-549: Was his highest-grossing movie of the decade. He also tried a musical with Max Bygraves , Charley Moon (1956) and an adventure film which he co wrote with Foxwell, Manuela (1957). Hamilton had his first experience with larger-budget films towards the end of the decade, when he replaced the sacked Alexander Mackendrick on the set of The Devil's Disciple (1959) featuring Kirk Douglas and Burt Lancaster . After A Touch of Larceny (1960), which he co wrote with producer Foxwell, Hamilton again found himself working with
1080-486: Was devoted to Carol," said Hamilton later. "He made my life easy because I followed him around like a little dog while learning my trade. If you’d ask him a question, he’d always answer it...Carol Reed was the biggest influence on me and on everything that I did." Hamilton assisted on Britannia Mews (1949), a 20th Century Fox film shot in England, directed by Jean Negulesco ; was reunited with Reed on The Third Man (1949), in which Hamilton doubled for Orson Welles in
1116-646: Was heavily censored and, in protest, Hamilton asked for his name to be removed when the film was finally released. He directed Man in the Middle (1964) with Robert Mitchum . Hamilton followed with his first James Bond film, Goldfinger (1964). He later reflected that he was able to successfully merge the series's mix of action adventure, sexual innuendo and black humour . In the late 1960s, Hamilton directed two further films for Bond producer Harry Saltzman : Funeral in Berlin (1966, starring Michael Caine ), and
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1152-403: Was later asked to direct For Your Eyes Only (1981) but declined because the cash-strapped United Artists could not afford his salary. Hamilton was originally chosen to direct Superman: The Movie (1978), but due to his status as a tax exile , he was allowed to be in England for only thirty days a year, where production had moved at the last minute to Pinewood Studios . The job of director
1188-825: Was originally created in 1901 as the Conspicuous Service Cross , for award to warrant and subordinate officers, including midshipmen , ineligible for the Distinguished Service Order . It was renamed the Distinguished Service Cross in October 1914, eligibility being extended to all naval officers (commissioned and warrant) below the rank of lieutenant commander . From March 1915, foreign officers of equivalent rank in allied navies could receive honorary awards; in August 1916, bars were introduced to reward further acts of gallantry meriting
1224-424: Was received more favourably than The Mirror Crack'd . Hamilton directed only two more films in the 1980s ( Remo Williams: The Adventure Begins in 1985 and 1989's Try This One for Size ) before entering retirement. In the late 1980s he was approached to direct Batman (1989), but declined. In a 2003 interview, he said that the contemporary Bond films relied too heavily on special effects and not as much on
1260-453: Was stolen. This is when she goes to Mrs Birling but is turned down. In summary, each person is partially responsible for Eva's death. Gerald asks a policeman outside and discovers there is no "Inspector Poole" in that town. He goes back into the house to challenge Poole. Birling asks Poole to wait in the study while they discuss it. They all feel partially unburdened of their guilt except Sheila and Eric. They decide to turn it all round to avoid
1296-448: Was then passed to Richard Donner , but Hamilton insisted that he be paid in full . Hamilton's only film projects in the latter part of the 1970s were the commercially unsuccessful Force 10 from Navarone (1978) and the poorly received adaptation of Agatha Christie 's mystery The Mirror Crack'd (1980). Another Christie adaptation followed in 1982, with Evil Under the Sun which
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