22-530: The DAX ( Deutscher Aktienindex (German stock index); German pronunciation: [daks] ) is a stock market index consisting of the 40 major German blue chip companies trading on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange . It is a total return index . Prices are taken from the Xetra trading venue. According to Deutsche Börse , the operator of Xetra , DAX measures the performance of
44-466: A Frontier Markets index, including another 31 markets. The MSCI World Index has been calculated since 1969, in various forms : without dividends (Price Index), with net or with gross dividends reinvested (Net and Gross Index), in US dollars , Euro and local currencies. The index includes companies in the following countries/regions: The GICS breakdown is shown here, with information technology being
66-442: A stock index that complies with Sharia 's ban on alcohol, tobacco and gambling. Critics of such initiatives argue that many firms satisfy mechanical "ethical criteria" (e.g. regarding board composition or hiring practices) but fail to perform ethically with respect to shareholders (e.g. Enron ). Indeed, the seeming "seal of approval" of an ethical index may put investors more at ease, enabling scams. One response to these criticisms
88-515: A subsidiary in Frankfurt , Germany, offers options (ODAX) and Futures (FDAX) on the DAX from 01:10 to 22:00 CET or from 02:10 to 22:00 CEST. The Base date for the DAX is 30 December 1987, and it was started from a base value of 1,000. The Xetra technology calculates the index every second since 1 January 2006. On 24 Nov 2020, Deutsche Börse announced an expansion of the DAX from 30 to 40 members and
110-489: A tightening of rules in response to the Wirecard accounting scandal . The expansion occurred in the 3rd quarter of 2021. The DAX has two versions, called performance index and price index, depending on whether dividends are counted. The performance index, which measures total return , is the more commonly quoted, however the price index is more similar to commonly quoted indexes in other countries. DAX futures are traded on
132-451: Is that trust in the corporate management, index criteria, fund or index manager, and securities regulator, can never be replaced by mechanical means, so " market transparency " and " disclosure " are the only long-term-effective paths to fair markets. From a financial perspective, it is not obvious whether ethical indices or ethical funds will out-perform their more conventional counterparts. Theory might suggest that returns would be lower since
154-561: Is used as a common benchmark for global stock funds intended to represent a broad cross-section of global markets. The index includes a collection of stocks of all the developed markets in the world, as defined by MSCI. But because the index excludes stocks from emerging and frontier economies, it is less worldwide than the name suggests. A related index, the MSCI All Country World Index (ACWI), incorporated both developed and emerging countries. MSCI also produces
176-619: The Calvert Social Index , Domini 400 Social Index , FTSE4Good Index , Dow Jones Sustainability Index , STOXX Global ESG Leaders Index, several Standard Ethics Aei indices, and the Wilderhill Clean Energy Index. Other ethical stock market indices may be based on diversity weighting (Fernholz, Garvy, and Hannon 1998). In 2010, the Organization of Islamic Cooperation announced the initiation of
198-663: The Prime Standard 's 40 largest German companies in terms of order book volume and market capitalization. DAX is the equivalent of the UK FTSE 100 and the US Dow Jones Industrial Average , and because of its small company selection it does not necessarily represent the vitality of the German economy as a whole. The L-DAX Index is an indicator of the German benchmark DAX index's performance after
220-627: The Xetra trading venue closes based on the floor trading at the Börse Frankfurt trading venue. The L-DAX Index basis is the "floor" trade ( Parketthandel ) at the Frankfurt stock exchange; it is computed daily between 09:00 and 17:45 Hours CET. The L/E-DAX index (Late/Early DAX) is calculated from 17:55 to 22:00 CET and from 08:00 to 09:00 CET. The Eurex , a European electronic futures and options exchange based in Zürich , Switzerland with
242-467: The 500 largest stocks from the S&;P Total Market Index, but an equally weighted S&P 500 index is also available with the same coverage. Stock market indices may be categorized by their index weight methodology, or the rules on how stocks are allocated in the index, independent of its stock coverage. For example, the S&P 500 and the S&P 500 Equal Weight each cover the same group of stocks, but
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#1732765911572264-469: The DAX performance index. ^Note 1 : Weightings as of 23 March 2023 This table lists former DAX components and the companies which replaced them. Stock market index In finance , a stock index , or stock market index , is an index that measures the performance of a stock market , or of a subset of a stock market. It helps investors compare current stock price levels with past prices to calculate market performance. Two of
286-686: The Deutsche Borse Indices & ETF exchange (DBIndex). The contract specifications for the DAX Combined Index (ticker symbol DAXA) are listed below: On 16 March 2015, the performance index first closed above 12,000. The following collapsible table shows the annual development of the DAX, calculated retroactively up to 1950. Below is the list of companies which are a component of the DAX 40, as of 20 March 2023. The current stock prices and list of DAX companies are available from financial websites. The index weighting refers to
308-586: The MSCI World index, such as the MSCI Emerging Markets index, include stocks from countries with a similar level of economic development, which satisfies the investor demand for an index for emerging market stocks that may share similar economic fundamentals. The coverage of a stock market index is separate from the weighting method. For example, the S&;P 500 market-cap weighted index covers
330-478: The S&P 500 Index: price return, which only considers the price of the components, total return, which accounts for dividend reinvestment, and net total return, which accounts for dividend reinvestment after the deduction of a withholding tax . The Wilshire 4500 and Wilshire 5000 indices have five versions each: full capitalization total return, full capitalization price, float-adjusted total return, float-adjusted price, and equal weight. The difference between
352-510: The S&P 500 is weighted by market capitalization , while the S&P 500 Equal Weight places equal weight on each constituent. Some common index weighting methods are listed below. In practice, many indices will impose constraints, such as concentration limits, on these rules. Some indices, such as the S&P 500 Index, have multiple versions. These versions can differ based on how the index components are weighted and on how dividends are accounted. For example, there are three versions of
374-626: The full capitalization, float-adjusted, and equal weight versions is in how index components are weighted. One argument for capitalization weighting is that investors must, in aggregate, hold a capitalization-weighted portfolio anyway. This then gives the average return for all investors; if some investors do worse, other investors must do better (excluding costs). Passive management is an investing strategy involving investing in index funds, which are structured as mutual funds or exchange-traded funds that track market indices. The SPIVA (S&P Indices vs. Active) annual "U.S. Scorecard", which measures
396-594: The investible universe is artificially reduced and with it portfolio efficiency. (It conflicts with the Capital Asset Pricing Model, see above.) On the other hand, companies with good social performances might be better run, have more committed workers and customers, and be less likely to suffer reputation damage from incidents (oil spillages, industrial tribunals, etc.) and this might result in lower share price volatility , although such features, at least in theory, will have already been factored into
418-467: The market price of the stock. The empirical evidence on the performance of ethical funds and of ethical firms versus their mainstream comparators is very mixed for both stock and debt markets. MSCI World The MSCI World is a widely followed global stock market index that tracks the performance of around 1500 large and mid-cap companies across 23 developed countries. It is maintained by MSCI , formerly Morgan Stanley Capital International, and
440-452: The performance of indices versus actively managed mutual funds, finds the vast majority of active management mutual funds underperform their benchmarks, such as the S&P 500 Index, after fees. Unlike a mutual fund, which is priced daily, an exchange-traded fund is priced continuously and is optionable . Several indices are based on ethical investing , and include only companies that meet certain ecological or social criteria, such as
462-470: The primary criteria of an index are that it is investable and transparent : The methods of its construction are specified. Investors may be able to invest in a stock market index by buying an index fund , which is structured as either a mutual fund or an exchange-traded fund , and "track" an index. The difference between an index fund's performance and the index, if any, is called tracking error . Stock market indices may be classified and segmented by
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#1732765911572484-567: The set of underlying stocks included in the index, sometimes referred to as the "coverage". The underlying stocks are typically grouped together based on their underlying economics or underlying investor demand that the index is seeking to represent or track. For example, a 'world' or 'global' stock market index—such as the MSCI World or the S&P Global 100 —includes stocks from all over the world, and satisfies investor demand for an index for broad global stocks. Regional indices that make up
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