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43-467: The 1,364-square-kilometre (527 sq mi) municipality is the 69th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Dovre is the 252nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,466. The municipality's population density is 1.8 inhabitants per square kilometre (4.7/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 9.6% over the previous 10-year period. The municipality of Dovre

86-444: A tincture of argent which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The charge is a muskox that is black with yellow horn. It is displayed statant to dexter . The muskox is an animal typical for the northern parts of Canada , Alaska , and Greenland . It is not native to Norway, but in 1932, ten muskoxen were released near Dovre. The number has increased to around 300 (in 2013), and

129-573: A fast pace. Cities with high population densities are, by some, considered to be overpopulated, though this will depend on factors like quality of housing and infrastructure and access to resources. Very densely populated cities are mostly in Asia (particularly Southeast Asia ); Africa's Lagos , Kinshasa , and Cairo ; South America's Bogotá , Lima , and São Paulo ; and Mexico City and Saint Petersburg also fall into this category. City population and especially area are, however, heavily dependent on

172-544: A high urbanization level, with an economically specialized city population drawing also on rural resources outside the area, illustrating the difference between high population density and overpopulation . Deserts have very limited potential for growing crops as there is not enough rain to support them. Thus, their population density is generally low. However, some cities in the Middle East, such as Dubai , have been increasing in population and infrastructure growth at

215-441: A historical source, though with more caution. It is not common to believe in the detailed accuracy of the historical narrative and historians tend to see little to no historical truth behind the first few sagas, however, they are still seen by many as a valuable source of knowledge about the society and politics of medieval Norway. The factual content of the work tends to be deemed more credible where it discusses more recent times, as

258-413: A little less than the land area of Puerto Rico , 8,868 square kilometres (3,424 sq mi). Although the arithmetic density is the most common way of measuring population density, several other methods have been developed to provide alternative measures of population density over a specific area. Heimskringla Heimskringla ( Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈheimsˌkʰriŋla] )

301-407: A series of other kings, the saga ends with Magnus V of Norway . Heimskringla contains the following sagas (see also List of Norwegian monarchs ): Heimskringla explicitly mentions a few prose sources, now mostly lost in then-contemporary forms: Hryggjarstykki ('spine pieces') by Eiríkr Oddsson (covering events 1130–61), Skjǫldunga saga , an unidentified saga about Knútr inn gamli, and

344-514: A text called Jarlasǫgurnar ('sagas of the jarls', which seems to correspond to the saga now known as Orkneyinga saga ). The author may have had access to a wide range of the early Scandinavian historical texts known today as the 'synoptic histories', but made most use of: The author also made extensive use of skaldic verse which he believed to have been composed at the time of the events portrayed and transmitted orally from that time onwards, and clearly made use of other oral accounts, though it

387-586: Is a prose epic, relevant to the history of not only Scandinavia but the regions included in the wider medieval Scandinavian diaspora . The first part of the Heimskringla is rooted in Norse mythology ; as the collection proceeds, fable and fact intermingle, but the accounts become increasingly historically reliable. The first saga tells of the mythological prehistory of the Swedish and Norwegian royal dynasty,

430-482: Is called the Allee effect after the scientist who identified it. Examples of the causes of reduced fertility in low population densities are: Population density is the number of people per unit of area, usually transcribed as "per square kilometer" or square mile, and which may include or exclude, for example, areas of water or glaciers. Commonly this is calculated for a county , city , country , another territory or

473-570: Is governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor is indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council. The municipality is under the jurisdiction of the Vestre Innlandet District Court and the Eidsivating Court of Appeal . The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Dovre is made up of 17 representatives that are elected to four year terms. The tables below show

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516-478: Is in a valley at fairly high altitude and isolated from the sea by mountain ranges, giving some rain shadow effect for Dovre. Dovre, with the town Dombås, has a subarctic climate (Dfc) with sparse precipitation. The driest season is late winter and spring, and the wettest season is summer. April on average sees just 18 millimetres (0.71 in) precipitaiton, while the wettest months July and August get almost four times as much. Dovre has sister city agreements with

559-530: Is taken into account, then human population density is 53/km (140/sq mi). This includes all continental and island land area, including Antarctica . However, if Antarctica is excluded, then population density rises to over 58 per square kilometre (150/sq mi). The European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) has developed a suite of (open and free) data and tools named the Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL) to improve

602-653: Is the best known of the Old Norse kings' sagas . It was written in Old Norse in Iceland . While authorship of Heimskringla is nowhere attributed, some scholars assume it is written by the Icelandic poet and historian Snorri Sturluson (1178/79–1241) c. 1230. The title Heimskringla was first used in the 17th century, derived from the first two words of one of the manuscripts ( kringla heimsins , "the circle of

645-429: Is uncertain to what extent. Up until the mid-19th century, historians put great trust in the factual truth of Snorri's narrative, as well as other old Norse sagas. In the early 20th century, this trust was largely abandoned with the advent of saga criticism , pioneered by the Swedish historians Lauritz and Curt Weibull . These historians pointed out that Snorri's work had been written several centuries after most of

688-662: The Hjerkinn . The plans for the church were designed by architect Magnus Poulsson (1881-1958). People have lived at Dovre for about 6,000 years. In the Stone Age , they were primarily hunters and fishermen . Approximately 2,000 years ago, the first farms were developed at this location. Dovre is mentioned in Heimskringla ( The Chronicle of the Kings of Norway ) by Snorri Sturluson . In 1021, King Olaf laid hold of all

731-660: The Ynglings , tracing their lineage to Freyr (Yngve) of the Vanaland people, who arrived in Scandinavia with Odin from the legendary Asgard . The subsequent sagas are (with few exceptions) devoted to individual rulers, starting with Halfdan the Black . A version of Óláfs saga helga , about the saint Olaf II of Norway , is the main and central part of the collection: Olaf's 15-year-long reign takes up about one third of

774-432: The court , travel mostly this way, because however high and deep the snow may fall, it blows together on the high mountains and becomes so hard men and horses can walk on it. The bonder run over it on skis and snowshoes . There are three stations: Drivstuen, Herdekinn , and Fogstuen built on this same mountain in order that travelers may find lodging there....at the stations there are implements and dry wood, so that

817-502: The entire world . The world's population is around 8,000,000,000 and the Earth 's total area (including land and water) is 510,000,000 km (200,000,000 sq mi). Therefore, the worldwide human population density is approximately 8,000,000,000 ÷ 510,000,000 = 16/km (41/sq mi). However, if only the Earth's land area of 150,000,000 km (58,000,000 sq mi)

860-409: The 12th-century Norwegian synoptic histories and oral traditions, notably many skaldic poems. The author or authors explicitly name the now lost work Hryggjarstykki as their source for the events of the mid-12th century. No known manuscript attributes authorship to Heimskringla . The matter is summarized as follows by Anthony Faulkes : The title Heimskringla comes from the first words of

903-512: The Center of the Earth by Jules Verne ; the work is the one Professor Liedenbrock finds Arne Saknussem's note in. By the mid-16th century, the Old Norse language was unintelligible to Norwegian, Swedish or Danish readers. At that time several translations of extracts were made in Norway into the Danish language, which was the literary language of Norway at the time. The first complete translation

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946-520: The animal is thus a typical symbol for the municipality. The arms were designed by Einar Skjervold. The municipal flag has the same design as the coat of arms. The Church of Norway has two parishes ( sokn ) within the municipality of Dovre. It is part of the Nord-Gudbrandsdal prosti ( deanery ) in the Diocese of Hamar . Dovre Church ( Dovre kirke ) was built in 1736. The bell tower

989-462: The basis for Icelandic writing about Scandinavian kings, and was expanded by scribes rather than entirely revised. Flateyjarbók , from the end of the fourteenth century, is the most extreme example of expansion, interweaving Heimskringla text with many þættir and other whole sagas, prominently Orkneyinga saga , Færeyinga saga , and Fóstbrœðra saga . The text is also referenced in Journey to

1032-582: The best men, both at Lesja and Dovre, and forced them either to receive Christianity or suffer death , if they were not so lucky as to escape. The Pilgrim's Route (Old King's Road) between Oslo and Trondheim in the 16th century passed through the Gudbrandsdal valley. After leaving the Lågen river valley (downriver from present day Dombås ) the road passed over the Dovrefjell mountains into

1075-494: The current and historical composition of the council by political party . The mayors ( Norwegian : ordfører ) of Dovre (incomplete list): The municipality is a very mountainous area. Most of the residents live in the lower valley areas along the Gudbrandsdalslågen river. The Dovrefjell , Rondane , Smiubelgen , and Sunndalsfjella mountains are all partially located within the municipality. The Dovre area

1118-547: The definition of "urban area" used: densities are almost invariably higher for the center only than when suburban settlements and intervening rural areas are included, as in the agglomeration or metropolitan area (the latter sometimes including neighboring cities). In comparison, based on a world population of 8 billion, the world's inhabitants, if conceptualized as a loose crowd occupying just under 1 m (10 sq ft) per person (cf. Jacobs Method ), would occupy an area of 8,000 square kilometres (3,100 sq mi)

1161-414: The distance in time between the events described and the composition of the saga was shorter, allowing traditions to be retained in a largely accurate form, and because in the twelfth century the first contemporary written sources begin to emerge in Norway. Whereas prior to Heimskringla there seems to have been a diversity of efforts to write histories of kings, Heimskringla seems thereafter to have been

1204-650: The entire work. Thereafter, the saga of Harald Hardrada narrates Harald's expedition to the East, his brilliant exploits in Constantinople , Syria , and Sicily , his skaldic accomplishments, and his battles in England against Harold Godwinson , the son of Godwin, Earl of Wessex , where he fell at the Battle of Stamford Bridge in 1066, only a few days before Harold fell at the Battle of Hastings . After presenting

1247-471: The events it describes. In Norway, the historian Edvard Bull famously proclaimed that "we have to give up all illusions that Snorri's mighty epic bears any deeper resemblance to what actually happened" in the time it describes. A school of historians has come to believe that the motives Snorri and the other saga writers give to their characters owe more to conditions in the 13th century than in earlier times. Heimskringla has, however, continued to be used as

1290-575: The first saga in the compilation ( Ynglinga saga ), Kringla heimsins , "the orb of the Earth". The earliest parchment copy of the work is Kringla , now in the National and University Library of Iceland , catalogued as Lbs fragm 82. It is a single vellum leaf from c. 1260, a part of the Saga of St. Olaf ; the rest of the manuscript was lost to fire in 1728. Heimskringla consists of several sagas, often thought of as falling into three groups, giving

1333-505: The following places: Population density Population density (in agriculture : standing stock or plant density ) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans , but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geographical term. Population density is population divided by total land area , sometimes including seas and oceans, as appropriate. Low densities may cause an extinction vortex and further reduce fertility. This

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1376-461: The giant Dofri , at Dovrefjell , who was helped by Harald Fairhair and in return assisted him all his life. In Närke , the Dovra lakes were attributed to the giantess Dovra who wept for her husband. The coat of arms was granted on 11 July 1986. The official blazon is " Argent , a muskox sable " ( Norwegian : I sølv en svart moskus ). This means the arms have a field (background) has

1419-560: The overall work the character of a triptych . The saga narrates the contests of the kings, the establishment of the kingdom of Norway, Norse expeditions to various European countries, ranging as far afield as Palestine in the saga of Sigurd the Crusader , where the Norwegian fleet is attacked by Arab Muslim pirates, referred to as Vikings. The stories are told with energy, giving a picture of human life in all its dimensions. The saga

1462-557: The present-day municipality of Dovre. The heavy stream of annual pilgrims who visited the shrine of St. Olaf in Trondheim prior to the Protestant Reformation resulted in the construction of mountain stations along the route where the pilgrims could find food and shelter. In speaking of this route, Gjerset quotes Peder Claussøn Friis as writing: But in the winter people of high estate, as well as members of

1505-568: The science for policy support to the European Commission Directorate Generals and Services and as support to the United Nations system. Several of the most densely populated territories in the world are city-states , microstates and urban dependencies . In fact, 95% of the world's population is concentrated on just 10% of the world's land. These territories have a relatively small area and

1548-408: The text in Old Norse. A new Danish translation with the text in Old Norse and a Latin translation came out in 1777–83 (by order of Frederick VI as crown prince). An English translation by Samuel Laing was finally published in 1844, with a second edition in 1889. Starting in the 1960s English-language revisions of Laing appeared, as well as fresh English translations. In the 19th century, as Norway

1591-677: The traveler may build themselves fire , and not suffer from cold, when they have to remain over night, and cannot find the way across the mountain. The Battle of Kringen ( Slaget ved Kringen ) took place in August 1612, just downstream of Dovre, where the Scottish force stayed on 24 August 1612. Dovre Municipality is responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services , senior citizen services, welfare and other social services , zoning , economic development , and municipal roads and utilities. The municipality

1634-518: The world"). Heimskringla is a collection of sagas about Swedish and Norwegian kings , beginning with the saga of the legendary Swedish dynasty of the Ynglings , followed by accounts of historical Norwegian rulers from Harald Fairhair of the 9th century up to the death of the pretender Eystein Meyla in 1177. Some of the exact sources of Heimskringla are disputed, but they include earlier kings' sagas, such as Morkinskinna , Fagrskinna and

1677-556: Was achieving independence after centuries of union with Denmark and Sweden, the stories of the independent Norwegian medieval kingdom won great popularity in Norway. Heimskringla , although written by an Icelander, became an important national symbol for Norway during the period of romantic nationalism . In 1900, the Norwegian parliament, the Storting , subsidized the publication of new translations of Heimskringla into both Norwegian written forms, landsmål and riksmål , "in order that

1720-601: Was added early in the 19th century. It was built based upon designed by Jesper Mikkelson Rusten. It was constructed of wood and has protected status. Eystein Church ( Eysteinskirka ) in Dovre was built in 1969 as a church for pilgrims and travelers on the Pilgrim's Route . The church lies near the juncture of the boundaries of Innlandet and Trøndelag counties. Eystein Church is built of concrete using stone and sand brought from

1763-770: Was built there. The name belongs to a group of Scandinavian toponyms that the Swedish linguist Elof Hellquist has derived from a Proto-Norse * đuƀra- , and linguists have further derived them from the old Proto-Indo-European root * dub -/ dup - (cf. PIE * dubrós , "deep"), a root that is also attested in German Topel ("forested valley") and Old Slavic dublŭ ("hole"). There are several place names in Denmark, Norway and Sweden that are identified as related to Dovre : The name has also been given to giants in Scandinavian legends. The name has been given to

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1806-419: Was established in 1861 when it was separated from the municipality of Lesja . Initially, the new municipality had 2,537 residents. On 1 January 1970, the three western farms at Bergsengseter (population: 11) were transferred from Dovre to the neighboring Folldal Municipality . The municipality (originally the parish ) is named after the old Dovre farm ( Old Norse : Dofrar ) since the first Dovre Church

1849-469: Was made around 1600 by Peder Claussøn Friis , and printed in 1633. This was based on a manuscript known as Jofraskinna . Subsequently, the Stockholm manuscript was translated into Swedish and Latin by Johan Peringskiöld (by order of Charles XI ) and published in 1697 at Stockholm under the title Heimskringla , which is the first known use of the name. This edition also included the first printing of

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