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66-624: The movie is a film adaptation of the original Macross series, with new animation. The storyline of the film does not fit directly into the Macross chronology, and was originally an alternate universe retelling of the story, but was later established as part of the Macross universe. Within the Macross universe, it is a popular movie (in other words a movie within a television series ), shown in Macross 7 . However, later Macross productions like Macross Frontier have used elements from both

132-553: A Toho International -commissioned dub had been released in the United States throughout the late 1980s and early 1990s. The Toho dub (named Super Spacefortress Macross in its on-screen title and Japanese packaging) had been created for export sales in Hong Kong by Matthew Oram and his wife Elizabeth's dubbing company. The better known of the two US releases of the dub is an edited-for-television version renamed Clash of

198-713: A 1996 New York Times article by Darcy Frey). An Inconvenient Truth is Al Gore 's film adaptation of his own Keynote multimedia presentation. The 2011 independent comedy film, Benjamin Sniddlegrass and the Cauldron of Penguins was based on Kermode and Mayo's Film Review of Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief . Films adapted from songs include Coward of the County , Ode to Billy Joe , Convoy , and Pretty Baby (each from

264-426: A Lesser God (1986), Glengarry Glen Ross (1992), Real Women Have Curves (2002), Rabbit Hole (2010), and Fences (2016). On one hand, theatrical adaptation does not involve as many interpolations or elisions as novel adaptation, but on the other, the demands of scenery and possibilities of motion frequently entail changes from one medium to the other. Film critics will often mention if an adapted play has

330-919: A featured adaptive addition (film versions of "procedurals" such as Miami Vice are most inclined to such additions as featured adaptations) – South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut is a notable example of a film being more explicit than its parent TV series. At the same time, some theatrically released films are adaptations of television miniseries events. When national film boards and state-controlled television networks co-exist, filmmakers can sometimes create very long films for television that they may adapt solely for time for theatrical release. Both Ingmar Bergman (notably with Fanny and Alexander but with other films as well) and Lars von Trier have created long television films that they then recut for international distribution. Even segments of television series have been adapted into feature films. The American television sketch comedy show Saturday Night Live has been

396-411: A map of Hogwarts ' grounds and also prevented director Alfonso Cuarón from adding a graveyard scene because the graveyard would appear elsewhere in a later novel. An often overlooked aspect of film adaptation is the inclusion of sound and music. In a literary text, a specific sound effect can often be implied or specified by an event, but in the process of adaptation, filmmakers must determine specific

462-448: A musical film. Feature films are occasionally created from television series or television segments, or vice versa, a television series will derive from a film, such as in the case of Bates Motel and Chucky . In the former, the film will offer a longer storyline than the usual television program's format and/or expanded production values. During the 1970s, many UK television series were turned into films including Dad's Army , On

528-620: A novel form (although the novel version of The Third Man was written more to aid in the development of the screenplay than for the purposes of being released as a novel). Both John Sayles and Ingmar Bergman write their film ideas as novels before they begin producing them as films, although neither director has allowed these prose treatments to be published. Finally, films have inspired and been adapted into plays. John Waters 's films have been successfully mounted as plays; both Hairspray and Cry-Baby have been adapted, and other films have spurred subsequent theatrical adaptations. Spamalot

594-446: A retelling of Hamlet ), Omkara (2006, based on Othello ) and Maqbool (2003, based on Macbeth ). Another way in which Shakespearean texts have been incorporated in films is to feature characters who are either actors performing those texts or characters who are somehow influenced or effected by seeing one of Shakespeare's plays, within a larger non-Shakespearean story. Generally, Shakespeare's basic themes or certain elements of

660-440: A sanity trial to reflect the ongoing scholarly debate over whether or not Gulliver himself is sane at the conclusion of Book IV. In those cases, adaptation is a form of criticism and recreation as well as translation. Change is essential and practically unavoidable, mandated both by the constraints of time and medium, but how much is always a balance. Some film theorists have argued that a director should be entirely unconcerned with

726-467: A screenplay for Sin City but utilized actual panels from writer/artist Frank Miller's series as storyboards to create what Rodriguez regards as a "translation" rather than an adaptation. Furthermore, some films based on long-running franchises use particular story lines from the franchise as a basis for a plot. The second X-Men film was loosely based on the graphic novel X-Men: God Loves, Man Kills and

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792-435: A section of the fortress for days. Even after their eventual rescue, this fateful meeting leads to a relationship between the singer and her number one fan. The Zentradi, meanwhile, discover the debilitating and disruptive effect that human music has on the rank and file troops. Their supreme leader, Gorg Boddole Zer , suspects that the human culture is deeply related to an ancient music box he has kept with him for eons. Then,

858-515: A short appearance by a prostitute named Helen. Because the film studio anticipated a female audience for the film and had Meryl Streep for the role, Helen became a significant part of the film. However, characters are also sometimes invented to provide the narrative voice. There have been several notable cases of massive inventive adaptation, including the Roland Joffe adaptation of The Scarlet Letter with explicit sex between Hester Prynn and

924-404: A single film. Additionally and far more controversially, filmmakers will invent new characters or create stories that were not present in the source material at all. Given the anticipated audience for a film, the screenwriter, director or movie studio may wish to increase character time or to invent new characters. For example, William J. Kennedy's Pulitzer Prize -winning novel Ironweed included

990-469: A song of the same name). Films based on toys include the Transformers franchise and the G.I. Joe films; there is a longer history of animated television series being created simultaneous to toy lines as a marketing tool. Hasbro's plans to for films based on their board games began with 2012's Battleship . While amusement park rides have often been based on action movies, conversely the 1967 Pirates of

1056-433: A source for film adaptations such as Roberta (1951), Dyesebel (1953), Ang Panday (1980), Bituing Walang Ningning (1985) and Mars Ravelo's Bondying: The Little Big Boy (1989). In the early 2000s, blockbusters such as X-Men (2000) and Spider-Man (2002) have led to dozens of superhero films. The success of these films has also led to other comic books not necessarily about superheroes being adapted for

1122-412: A squadron of Meltrandi, led by Milia 639 , invades the ship, giving the humans a chance to escape. Hikaru and Misa escape from the ship, but Föcker is killed and Minmay and Kaifun remain aboard while the two officers get caught in a space fold. Exiting from the fold, Hikaru and Misa arrive on a desolate world that turns out to be Earth, as the entire population was wiped out by a prior Zentradi attack. As

1188-454: A static camera or emulates a proscenium arch. Laurence Olivier consciously imitated the arch with his Henry V (1944), having the camera begin to move and to use color stock after the prologue, indicating the passage from physical to imaginative space. Sometimes, the adaptive process can continue after one translation. Mel Brooks' The Producers began as a film in 1967, was adapted into a Broadway musical in 2001, and then adapted again in 2005 as

1254-403: A turnaround to the war. Misa explains that it is a simple love song. The film ends with a concert by Minmay in front of the rebuilt Macross . Shoji Kawamori, Kazutaka Miyatake and Haruhiko Mikimoto worked on the mecha and character designs for the film. Narumi Kakinouchi , one of the creators of Vampire Princess Miyu , was the assistant animation director for this movie. During one of

1320-436: A ubiquitous practice of filmmaking since the earliest days of cinema in nineteenth-century Europe. In contrast to when making a remake, movie directors usually take more creative liberties when creating a film adaptation. In 1924, Erich von Stroheim attempted a literal adaptation of Frank Norris 's novel McTeague with his film Greed . The resulting film was 9½ hours long, and was cut to four hours at studio insistence. It

1386-420: Is in that language. According to Carl Macek , when asked by Cannon Films to produce a film version of Robotech , he mentioned he was interested in dubbing and localizing Do You Remember Love? with the voice cast from the series, but Harmony Gold USA was unable to license the film for "whatever political reasons" that he did not know. Megazone 23 Part 1 was used instead. Originally, two versions of

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1452-470: Is now with Misa. Meanwhile, Misa works on translating the ancient song for use as a cultural weapon, as requested by Boddole Zer. However, when the Meltrandi return to attack, Boddole Zer loses patience and recklessly has his capital ship wipe out half the fleets of both factions. Once again, the Macross finds itself in the middle of a brutal war. Hikaru persuades Minmay to perform the translated song. As

1518-406: Is out there, somewhere. If I tell the story in the length of a TV series, it looks one way, and if I tell it as a movie-length story, it's organized another way...". Many ships, mecha, and characters were redesigned for the film. These designs have been featured in later entries of the Macross franchise. The Zentradi were given a language of their own and most of the dialogue of Zentradi characters

1584-549: Is the transfer of a work or story, in whole or in part, to a feature film. Although often considered a type of derivative work, film adaptation has been conceptualized recently by academic scholars such as Robert Stam as a dialogic process . While the most common form of film adaptation is the use of a novel as the basis, other works adapted into films include non-fiction (including journalism), autobiographical works, comic books, scriptures, plays, historical sources and even other films. Adaptation from such diverse resources has been

1650-549: The 1929 production of The Taming of the Shrew , starring Mary Pickford and Douglas Fairbanks . It was later adapted as both a musical play called Kiss Me, Kate , which opened on Broadway in 1948, and as the 1953 Hollywood musical of the same name . The Taming of the Shrew was again retold in 1999 as a teen comedy set in a high school in 10 Things I Hate about You , and also in 2003 as an urban romantic comedy, Deliver Us from Eva . The 1961 musical film West Side Story

1716-400: The Macross flies across the battlefield, Minmay's song causes a union with Britai's fleet and the Meltrandi against Boddole Zer. After the Macross breaks into Boddole Zer's ship, Hikaru flies his Valkyrie into the supreme commander's chamber and destroys him with his entire arsenal. After Boddole Zer's ship is destroyed, Macross bridge officer Claudia LaSalle asks why the song caused such

1782-504: The third film on the storyline " The Dark Phoenix Saga ". Spider-Man 2 was based on the storyline "Spider-Man No More!" Likewise, Batman Begins owes many of its elements to Miller's Batman: Year One and the film's sequel, The Dark Knight , uses subplots from Batman: The Long Halloween . The Marvel Cinematic Universe starting in 2008 is a shared universe with films combining characters from different works by Marvel Comics . The DC Extended Universe starting in 2013 uses

1848-524: The 2000s on DVD, a full 90-minute Swedish dub was released in the 1980s by Wendros , based on the Toho Super Spacefortress Macross version. Although Big West, Studio Nue, and Harmony Gold reached an agreement to release various Macross sequels outside of Japan in 2021, the official Robotech account on Twitter has stated that Do You Remember Love? remains prohibited as of 2023. Film adaptation A film adaptation

1914-458: The Bible have been adapted frequently. Homer's works have been adapted multiple times in several nations. In these cases, the audience already knows the story well, and so the adaptation will de-emphasize elements of suspense and concentrate instead on detail and phrasing. Many major film award programs present an award for adapted screenplays, separate from the award for original screenplays. In

1980-512: The Bionoids , prepared by Peregrine Film Distribution, Inc. for its broadcast syndication package Dynamagic in 1986 (which included three other Toho International titles). This version was released by Celebrity Home Entertainment 's "Just for Kids" label in 1988. The ending was modified from the original Japanese version: the scene with Hikaru calling the Macross after Boddole Zer's explosion

2046-500: The Buses , Steptoe and Son and Porridge . In 1979, The Muppet Movie was a big success. In the adaptation of The X-Files to film, greater effects and a longer plotline were involved. Additionally, adaptations of television shows will offer the viewer the opportunity to see the television show's characters without broadcast restrictions. These additions (nudity, profanity, explicit drug use, and explicit violence) are only rarely

Macross: Do You Remember Love? - Misplaced Pages Continue

2112-637: The Caribbean ride at Disneyland was adapted into Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl in 2003. Remakes and film sequels are technically adaptations of the original film. Less direct derivations include The Magnificent Seven from The Seven Samurai , Star Wars from The Hidden Fortress , and 12 Monkeys from La Jetée . Many films have been made from mythology and religious texts. Both Greek mythology and

2178-908: The Galaxy began as a radio series for the BBC and then became a novel that was adapted to film . American comic book characters, particularly superheroes , have long been adapted into film, beginning in the 1940s with Saturday movie serials aimed at children. Superman (1978) and Batman (1989) are two later successful movie adaptations of famous comic book characters. In the Philippines, superhero comics have been adapted numerous times into films such as Darna (1951), Captain Barbell (1964), and Lastik Man (1965). In addition, comics of various genres other than those involving superheroes such as romance, fantasy and drama have widely been used as

2244-477: The TV series appear in the film. Most of the voice actors from the TV series reprised their roles for the film. The love triangle and the various relationships are intact. Macross 7 describes a film called Do You Remember Love? within the fictional world of Macross . Series creator Shoji Kawamori also gave an explanation about the differences in the television and film depictions of Space War I : "The real Macross

2310-557: The Valley of the Wind . The film's theme song was also ranked first. The film earned a distribution income ( gross rentals ) of ¥700 million in Japan. This is equivalent to approximately ¥1.8 billion in total box office gross revenue. Do You Remember Love? is a reinterpretation of The Super Dimension Fortress Macross in a feature film format. Almost all of the characters featured in

2376-509: The Van (2015). Similarly, hit Broadway plays are often adapted into films, whether from musicals or dramas. Some examples of American film adaptations based on successful Broadway plays are Arsenic and Old Lace (1944), Born Yesterday (1950), Harvey (1950), A Streetcar Named Desire (1951), The Odd Couple (1968), The Boys in the Band (1970), Agnes of God (1985), Children of

2442-490: The Zentradi discover an opportunity to examine the humans further when Hikaru borrows a Valkyrie trainer unit without permission and flies Minmay across Saturn's rings. The Zentradi capture Hikaru and Minmay, along with Lieutenant Misa Hayase , Minmay's cousin/manager Lynn Kaifun, and Hikaru's superior Roy Föcker in the ensuing chaos. Aboard Britai Kridanik 's ship, the humans are being interrogated about their culture when

2508-414: The action scenes towards the end of the movie, Hikaru fires a barrage of missiles on his way to Boddole Zer. As an inside joke among the animators, two of the missiles are drawn to look like cans of Budweiser and Tako Hai (a drink which literally translates as "Octopus Highball"). The film was produced on a budget of ¥400 million , then equivalent to $ 1,684,000 (equivalent to $ 5,200,000 in 2023). It

2574-422: The back story and “spirit” of the character instead of adapting a particular storyline. Occasionally, aspects of the characters and their origins are simplified or modernized. Self-contained graphic novels, and miniseries many of which do not feature superheroes, can be adapted more directly, such as in the case of Road to Perdition (2002) or V for Vendetta (2006). In particular, Robert Rodriguez did not use

2640-428: The big screen, such as Ghost World (2001), From Hell (2001), American Splendor (2003), Sin City (2005), 300 (2007), Wanted (2008), and Whiteout (2009). The adaptation process for comics is different from that of novels. Many successful comic book series last for several decades and have featured several variations of the characters in that time. Films based on such series usually try to capture

2706-590: The case of a film which was adapted from an unpublished work, however, different awards have different rules around which category the screenplay qualifies for. In 1983, the Canadian Genie Awards rescinded the Best Adapted Screenplay award they had presented to the film Melanie when they learned that the original work had been unpublished; and in 2017, the film Moonlight , which was adapted from an unpublished theatrical play,

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2772-424: The early 1980s. Developers are usually limited by what they can do with the film property, and may be further limited in time as to produce the game in time for the release of the film or other work. Films closely related to the computer and video game industries were also done in this time, such as Tron , Cloak & Dagger , Wreck-It Ralph , Pixels , Ready Player One and Free Guy but only after

2838-401: The end of the day also you’re working with the material that you as a team have generated, not just Vonnegut's, and that’s what you've got to make work." Stage plays are frequent sources for film adaptations. Many of William Shakespeare 's plays, including Hamlet , Romeo and Juliet , and Othello , have been adapted into films. The first sound adaptation of any Shakespeare play was

2904-530: The film (AnimEigo released the first pressings of the Macross series in the US), but believes it will most likely never get a proper DVD release in the United States due to the legal disputes surrounding the film. The movie was released in widescreen in both dubbed and subtitled format by Kiseki Films in the UK on video in the 1990s, but was notably one of their few catalog titles not being released on DVD. Re-released in

2970-432: The filmmaker must introduce changes, if necessary, to fit the demands of time and to maximize faithfulness along one of those axes. In most cases adaptation, the films are required to create identities (for example, a characters' costume or set decor) since they are not specified in the original material. Then, the influence of film-makers may go unrecognized because there is no comparison in the original material even though

3036-527: The films as they appear in theatres. Novelization can build up characters and incidents for commercial reasons (e.g. to market a card or computer game, to promote the publisher's "saga" of novels, or to create continuity between films in a series) There have been instances of novelists who have worked from their own screenplays to create novels at nearly the same time as a film. Both Arthur C. Clarke , with 2001: A Space Odyssey , and Graham Greene , with The Third Man , have worked from their own film ideas to

3102-539: The first TV series and this film. In Macross tradition, it features transforming mecha robots, Japanese pop music, and a love triangle . The movie gets its name from its romantic themes and also by the song sung during its climactic battle sequence by Lynn Minmay (voiced by Mari Iijima ). In Macross Frontier , a later series in the Macross universe, the first few episodes use re-animated key scenes from this film and Flash Back 2012 too gives viewers glimpses of past events. The film begins in medias res with

3168-508: The fortress is attacked by a Meltrandi fleet. During the battle, ace pilot Maximilian Jenius defeats Millia aboard the Meltrandi's main ship, which destroys the Macross' main cannons with one shot. The Meltrandi are forced to retreat when the Zentradi arrive - with Minmay's singing voice as their weapon. Captain Global announces a truce and a military pact between the Macross and the Zentradi. Hikaru and Minmay reunite, but Minmay realizes he

3234-477: The minister and Native American obscene puns into a major character and the film's villain. The Charlie Kaufman and "Donald Kaufman" penned Adaptation , credited as an adaptation of the novel The Orchid Thief , was an intentional satire and commentary on the process of film adaptation itself. All of those are cases of Nathaniel Hawthorne's point. The creators of the Gulliver's Travels miniseries interpolated

3300-533: The new visual identities will affect narrative interpretation. Peter Jackson 's adaptations of The Lord of the Rings trilogy and The Hobbit by author JRR Tolkien represent an unusual case since many visual and stylistic details were specified by Tolkien. For the Harry Potter film series , author JK Rowling was closely consulted by the filmmakers, and she provided production designer Stuart Craig with

3366-574: The origin of a number of films, beginning with The Blues Brothers , which began as a one-off performance by Dan Aykroyd and John Belushi . Radio narratives have also provided the basis of film adaptation. In the heyday of radio, radio segments were often translated to film, usually as shorts. Radio series turned into film series include Dr. Christian , Crime Doctor and The Whistler . Dialog-heavy stories and fantastic stories from radio were also adapted to film (e.g. Fibber McGee and Molly and The Life of Riley ). The Hitchhiker's Guide to

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3432-717: The play at all. In Britain, where stage plays tend to be more popular as a form of entertainment than currently in the United States, many films began as a stage productions. Some British films and British/American collaborations that were based on successful British plays include Gaslight (1940), Blithe Spirit (1945), Rope (1948), Look Back in Anger (1959), Oh! What a Lovely War (1969), Sleuth (1972), The Rocky Horror Picture Show (1975), Shirley Valentine (1989), The Madness of King George (1994), The History Boys (2006), Quartet (2012), and The Lady in

3498-400: The plot will parallel the main plot of the film or become part of a character's development in some way. Hamlet and Romeo and Juliet are the two plays which have most often been used in this way. Éric Rohmer 's 1992 film Conte d'hiver ( A Tale of Winter ) is one example. Rohmer uses one scene from Shakespeare's A Winter's Tale as a major plot device within a story that is not based on

3564-463: The release of several films based on well-known brands has this genre become recognized in its own right. While documentary films have often been made from journalism and reportage, so too have some dramatic films, including: All the President's Men (1976, adapted from the 1974 book); Miracle, (2004, from an account published shortly after the 1980 "miracle on ice"); and Pushing Tin (1999, from

3630-449: The same model for DC Comics . The highest-grossing and most profitable comic book adaptations are Avengers: Endgame (2019) and Joker (2019), respectively. A video game adaptation is primarily a film that is based on a video game , usually incorporating elements of the game's plot or gameplay, beginning in the mid-1980s. Tie-in video games with films or other properties have existed since home consoles and arcade games of

3696-408: The sound characteristics that subliminally affects narrative interpretation. In some cases of adaptation, music may have been specified in the original material (usually diegetic music). In Stephenie Meyer 's 2005 Twilight novel, the characters Edward Cullen and Bella Swan both listen to Debussy's Clair de lune and Edward composes the piece Bella's Lullaby for Bella. While Clair de lune

3762-408: The source, as a novel is a novel and a film is a film, and the two works of art must be seen as separate entities. Since a transcription of a novel into film is impossible, even holding up a goal of "accuracy" is absurd. Others argue that what a film adaptation does is change to fit (literally, adapt), and the film must be accurate to the effect (aesthetics), the theme, or the message of a novel and that

3828-574: The space fortress SDF-1 Macross trying to evade the Zentradi at the edge of the Solar System. The Macross houses an entire city with tens of thousands of civilians who are cut off from Earth, after it had executed a space fold on the first day of the Earth/Zentradi war - taking the city section of South Ataria Island with it. During the latest assault, Valkyrie pilot Hikaru Ichijyo rescues pop idol Lynn Minmay , but are both trapped in

3894-512: The two officers roam the remains of the planet, they become closer. They also discover an ancient city of the Protoculture , where the mysterious origins of the alien giants is revealed. In the city, Misa discovers an artifact that contains lyrics to an ancient song. Many days later, the Macross arrives on Earth. Just as Hikaru and Misa are debriefing their story to Captain Bruno J. Global ,

3960-639: Was a pre-existing piece of music, Bella's Lullaby was not and required original music to be composed for the 2008 movie adaptation . In the 2016 sci-fi film 2BR02B: To Be or Naught to Be adapted from the story by Kurt Vonnegut , the film-makers decided to abandon Vonnegut's choice of music. They stated that they felt that it worked in his prose only because it was not actually heard. Filmmakers' test screenings found that Vonnegut's style of music confused audiences and detracted from narrative comprehension. The film's composer, Leon Coward , stated, "You can try to be as true to Vonnegut's material as possible, but at

4026-624: Was adapted from Romeo and Juliet , with its first incarnation as a Broadway musical play that opened in 1957. The animated film The Lion King (1994) was inspired by Hamlet as well as various traditional African myths, and 2001's O was based on Othello . Film adaptations of Shakespeare's works in languages other than English are numerous, including Akira Kurosawa's films Throne of Blood (1957, an epic film version of Macbeth ), The Bad Sleep Well (1960, inspired by Hamlet ) and Ran (1985, based on King Lear ); and Vishal Bhardwaj 's "Shakespearean trilogy" consisting of Haider (2014,

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4092-560: Was classified and nominated as an adapted screenplay by some awards but as an original screenplay by others. When a film's screenplay is original, it can also be the source of derivative works such as novels and plays. For example, movie studios will commission novelizations of their popular titles or sell the rights to their titles to publishing houses. These novelized films will frequently be written on assignment and sometimes written by authors who have only an early script as their source. Consequently, novelizations are quite often changed from

4158-536: Was composed and performed by Iijima. The film premiered in Japanese theaters on July 7, 1984. It received a huge marketing campaign that generated very long lines of fans; many of them camped outside cinemas the night prior to the film. These events were dramatized in the anime comedy Otaku no Video from 1991. In the 1984 edition of the Anime Grand Prix , the film was ranked second, behind Nausicaä of

4224-439: Was removed, giving the false impression that Hikaru died in the blast. Later, a subtitled version was briefly released before being suppressed due to the ongoing legal battles between Big West/Studio Nue, Tatsunoko and Harmony Gold . Clash of the Bionoids also aired on various local TV stations from 1989-1997 as well as Showtime 2 in 2004. Robert Woodhead , head of AnimEigo , has said publicly that he would like to release

4290-515: Was the second most expensive anime film up until then, after Hayao Miyazaki 's Lupin III: The Castle of Cagliostro (1979). The film's soundtrack was composed by Kentaro Haneda , featuring new orchestral tracks and some music from the original TV series. The theme song " Ai Oboete Imasu ka " ("Do You Remember Love") was composed by Kazuhiko Katō and performed by Mari Iijima. The ending theme " Tenshi no Enogu " ("An Angel's Paints")

4356-468: Was then cut again (without Stroheim's input) to around two hours. The result was a film that was largely incoherent. Since that time, few directors have attempted to put everything in a novel into a film. Therefore, elision is all but essential. In some cases, film adaptations also interpolate scenes or invent characters. This is especially true when a novel is part of a literary saga. Incidents or quotations from later or earlier novels will be inserted into

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