Misplaced Pages

#500499

66-463: Doctor Occult first appeared in the sixth issue of the anthology comic books series New Fun in October 1935. (New Fun was retitled More Fun beginning with issue #7 and again to More Fun Comics with issue #20.) The character was credited to "Leger and Reuths" — partial anagrams of Siegel and Shuster's surnames. Later, Siegel and Shuster left the character for the more popular Superman . Occult

132-509: A javelot that has wounded the Fisher King , which may or may not be intended to be one and the same with the bleeding lance. Chrétien ascribes supernaturally destructive powers to the bleeding spear, which are inconsistent with any Christian tradition. Nevertheless, the continuations of Chrétien's poem attempted to explain the mysteries of the bleeding spear by identifying it with the lance from John 19:34. Chrétien's Perceval

198-507: A miniature , the name ΛΟΓΙΝΟΣ (LOGINOS) is written above the head of the soldier who is thrusting his lance into Christ's side. This is one of the earliest records of the name, if the inscription is not a later addition. A Holy Lance relic is preserved at Saint Peter's Basilica in Vatican City, in a loggia carved into the pillar above the statue of Saint Longinus . The earliest known references to Holy Lance relics date to

264-650: A 17th-century reliquary. Every year during the commemoration of the apostles St. Thaddeus and St. Bartholomew the relic is brought out for worship. During the June 1098 Siege of Antioch , a monk named Peter Bartholomew reported that he had a vision in which St. Andrew told him that the Holy Lance was buried in the Church of St. Peter in Antioch . After much digging in the cathedral, Bartholomew allegedly discovered

330-521: A Germanic work from around the year 1000, was dredged from the Danube River near Budapest. The gold inlay suggests that this artifact could be Stephen's lance replica, but this has not been confirmed. In 1424, Sigismund had a collection of relics, including the lance, moved from his capital in Prague to his birthplace, Nuremberg , and decreed them to be kept there forever. This collection

396-644: A Holy Lance brought them a favorable end to the Siege of Antioch . In the modern era , at least four major relics are claimed to be the Holy Lance or parts of it. They are located in Rome, Vienna, Vagharshapat and Antioch . The most prominent Holy Lance relic has been the one in Vienna, adorned with a distinctive gold cuff. This version of the lance is on public display with the rest of the Imperial Regalia at

462-582: A certain dilution) when it achieved widespread recognition. In this model, which derives from Chinese tradition, the object of compiling an anthology was to preserve the best of a form, and cull the rest. In Malaysia , an anthology (or antologi in Malay ) is a collection of syair , sajak (or modern prose), proses , drama scripts, and pantuns . Notable anthologies that are used in secondary schools include Sehijau Warna Daun , Seuntai Kata Untuk Dirasa , Anak Bumi Tercinta , Anak Laut and Kerusi . In

528-582: A demonic cult, but were rescued by a shadowy group called "The Seven". The two were later trained in the use of occult magics themselves. Thirty-six years later, Doctor Occult establishes a detective agency and joins the All-Star Squadron during World War II. After Occult sacrifices his soul to defeat the Stalker entity, Rose fuses with him to save his life. Doctor Occult has used sorcery to halt his aging, so that he appears in modern comics to still be

594-453: A lance. Despite the doubts of many, including the papal legate Adhemar of Le Puy , many of the crusaders credited the discovery of the lance for their subsequent victory in the Battle of Antioch , which broke the siege and secured the city. Greek Orthodox sources such as the biography of patriarch Christopher indicate that a relic thought to be the Holy Lance was among the treasures of

660-520: A man in his late thirties or early forties, even though he was born in the late 1800s. In 1991, Neil Gaiman brought the character back into the spotlight with a prominent supporting role in The Books of Magic . He, Mister E , the Phantom Stranger , and John Constantine act as Tim Hunter 's mentor and guide him to become a powerful magician. In Day of Judgment , Occult appears as

726-667: A member of the Sentinels of Magic , a group created to prevent artifacts such as the Spear of Destiny falling into the wrong hands. Occult appears as a main character in the backup story by Keith Giffen in the Reign in Hell mini-series where he enters Hell to find Rose Psychic. In The New 52 continuity reboot, Occult is depicted as the keeper of the House of Secrets . Doctor Occult has

SECTION 10

#1732794000501

792-429: A more flexible medium than the collection of a single poet's work, and indeed rang innumerable changes on the idea as a way of marketing poetry, publication in an anthology (in the right company) became at times a sought-after form of recognition for poets. The self-definition of movements, dating back at least to Ezra Pound 's efforts on behalf of Imagism , could be linked on one front to the production of an anthology of

858-684: A mystic realm where he flies and wears a cape, making him the first caped comic book superhero. Doctor Occult's last Golden Age appearance was in More Fun Comics #32 in 1938. After years of obscurity, the character was revived in the 1980s, appearing in issues of All-Star Squadron , Swamp Thing , and Crisis on Infinite Earths . The character had a featured origin story in Secret Origins #17 (1987). He later appeared in comics such as Neil Gaiman 's The Books of Magic (1991), The Trenchcoat Brigade (alongside Mister E ,

924-629: A reliquary for the spearhead. The spearhead is wrapped in a distinctive gold cuff, added by Charles IV around 1354. The cuff is inscribed with the Latin text "LANCEA ET CLAVVS DOMINI" ("The lance and nail of the Lord"), affirming that the lance was once used by Longinus and that one of the Holy Nails has been incorporated into the spearhead. The gold cuff covers an older, silver cuff produced for Henry IV between 1084 and 1105, which also refers to

990-537: Is a text Holy Relics of Our Lord Jesus Christ , in a thirteenth-century Armenian manuscript. According to this text, the spear which pierced Jesus was to have been brought to Armenia by the Apostle Thaddeus . The manuscript does not specify precisely where it was kept, but the Holy Relics gives a description that exactly matches the lance, the monastery gate (since the thirteenth century precisely), and

1056-529: Is at Saint Peter's. Innocent's tomb, created by Antonio del Pollaiuolo , features a bronze effigy of the pope holding the spear blade he received from Bayezid. In the mid-18th century Pope Benedict XIV states that he obtained an exact drawing of the Saint Chapelle lance, to compare it with the spearhead in St. Peter's. He concluded that former relic was the broken point missing from the latter, and that

1122-623: Is currently displayed in the John Paul II Cathedral Museum in Kraków. The fate of the Hungarian lance is less clear. When Stephen's successor, Peter Orseolo was deposed in 1041, he sought the aid of German king Henry III , who captured the lance in the Battle of Ménfő . Whether Henry returned the lance to Peter upon his restoration is uncertain. Shortly before World War I , a gold-inlaid spearhead, identified as

1188-517: Is not given in the Gospel of John, but in the oldest known references to the legend, the apocryphal Gospel of Nicodemus appended to late manuscripts of the 4th century Acts of Pilate , the soldier is identified as a centurion and called Longinus (making the spear's Latin name Lancea Longini ). A form of the name Longinus occurs in the Rabula Gospels in the late 6th-century. In

1254-560: The Greek Anthology . Florilegium , a Latin derivative for a collection of flowers, was used in medieval Europe for an anthology of Latin proverbs and textual excerpts. Shortly before anthology had entered the language, English had begun using florilegium as a word for such a collection. The Palatine Anthology , discovered in the Palatine Library , Heidelberg in 1606, is a collection of Greek poems and epigrams that

1320-773: The Hofburg . The lance ( Greek : λόγχη , lonkhē ) is mentioned in the Gospel of John , but not in the Synoptic Gospels . The gospel states that the Romans planned to break Jesus' legs, a practice known as crurifragium , which was a method of hastening death during a crucifixion . Because it was the eve of the Sabbath (Friday sundown to Saturday sundown), the followers of Jesus needed to "entomb" him because of Sabbath laws. Just before they did so, they noticed that Jesus

1386-566: The Magyars in the Battle of Riade . From that point forward, the Ottonian dynasty regarded the lance as a talisman guaranteeing victory. The timing of the battle—on the feast day of Longinus—indicates that by this time Henry associated the relic with the lance used in the crucifixion. Along the same lines, it may be telling that Henry's son Otto the Great fought the Battle of Birten in

SECTION 20

#1732794000501

1452-570: The Phantom Stranger , and John Constantine ) (1999), and " Day of Judgement " (1999) as part of the Sentinels of Magic . In The New 52 continuity reboot, Doctor Occult appears in Justice League Dark , Constantine , Secret Six , and The Books of Magic series. Doctor Occult appears in comic books outside of the mainstream DC Universe in what is referred to as the multiverse . Many are adaptation tie-ins, including Justice League Unlimited #14, Batman: The Brave and

1518-523: The late Byzantine period . Of particular interest, John Mandeville described the lance relics in both Paris and Constantinople, stating that the latter was much larger than the former. Although the authenticity of Mandeville's travelogue is questionable, the widespread popularity of the work demonstrates that the existence of multiple Holy Lance relics was public knowledge. The relics remaining in Constantinople, including

1584-755: The sack of Constantinople , Robert de Clari described the spoils won by the newly-established Latin Empire , including "the iron of the lance with which Our Lord had His side pierced," in the Church of the Virgin of the Pharos. However by the 1230s, the Latin Empire's financial state had grown desperate. In 1239, Baldwin II arranged to sell Constantinople's Crown of Thorns relic to King Louis IX of France . Over

1650-576: The 6th century. The Breviary of Jerusalem (circa 530) describes the lance on display at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre . In his Expositio Psalmorum (ca. 540-548), Cassiodorus asserts the continued presence of the lance in Jerusalem. A report by the Piacenza pilgrim (ca. 570) places the lance in the Church of Zion . Gregory of Tours described the lance and other relics of

1716-598: The Antioch lance or returned it to Raymond is uncertain. Several 12th century documents state that a single Holy Lance was among the relics at Constantinople, without any details that could identify it as either the crusaders' discovery or the Byzantine spear. According to Alberic of Trois-Fontaines , a fragment of the Holy Lance was set into the icon that Alexios V Doukas lost in battle with Henry of Flanders in 1204. The capture of this icon by Henry's forces

1782-518: The Bold #9, and Injustice: Gods Among Us: Year 3 Annual #1. Occult also appears in issue #2 of the Elseworlds comic series Superman & Batman: Generations II . The fictional character's origin was revealed in Secret Origins (vol. 2) #17. (August 1987) by E. Nelson Bridewell and Roy Thomas. They depicted him and his partner Rose Psychic being slated as human sacrifices at the hands of

1848-474: The Byzantine court regarded the Antioch relic as a nail (ἧλος), relying on Raymond's ignorance of the Greek language to avoid offending him. Alternatively, Edgar Robert Ashton Sewter believed that Alexios intended to denounce the crusaders' lance as a fraud, and that this was accomplished when Prince Bohemond I of Antioch was compelled in 1108 to swear an oath to him on the other lance. Whether Alexios kept

1914-680: The Byzantines, and therefore the holy lance could possibly appear some hundred years later in Jerusalem. In 614, Jerusalem was captured by the Sasanian general Shahrbaraz . The Chronicon Paschale says that the Holy Lance was among the relics captured, but one of Shahrbaraz's associates gave it to Nicetas who brought it to the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople later that year. However, De locis sanctis , describing

1980-586: The English language in the 17th century, from the Greek word, ἀνθολογία ( anthologic , literally "a collection of blossoms", from ἄνθος , ánthos , flower), a reference to one of the earliest known anthologies, the Garland ( Στέφανος , stéphanos ), the introduction to which compares each of its anthologized poets to a flower. That Garland by Meléagros of Gadara formed the kernel for what has become known as

2046-633: The French entered Vienna in 1805, the collection was moved again to Hungary, before ultimately returning to Vienna. These movements were conducted in secret, as the status of the regalia had not been resolved amid plans for the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire . When Nuremberg later appealed for the return of the regalia, the city's requests were easily dismissed by the Austrian Empire . The Kunsthistorisches Museum has dated

Doctor Occult - Misplaced Pages Continue

2112-537: The Holy Lance (or fragments thereof) had been described throughout Europe. Several of these artifacts are still preserved to this day. Holy Lance relics have typically been used for religious ceremonies, but at times some of them have been considered to be guarantees of victory in battle. For example, Henry the Fowler 's lance was credited for winning the Battle of Riade , and the Crusaders believed their discovery of

2178-578: The Holy Nail but identifies the spearhead as the lance of Saint Maurice . Gilded stripes on both sides of the silver cuff bear another Latin inscription: "CLAVVS DOMINICVS HEINRICVS D[EI] GR[ATI]A TERCIVS / ROMANO[RVM] IMPERATOR AVG[VSTVS] HOC ARGEN / TVM IVSSIT / FABRICARl AD CONFIRMATIONE[M] / CLAVI D[OMI]NI ET LANCEE SANCTI MAVRI / CII // SANCTVS MAVRICIVS" ("Nail of the Lord Henry by the Grace of God

2244-523: The Ottonian lance with Longinus. By 1008 the lance was identified with that of Saint Maurice, who had been venerated by Otto the Great. Otto III commissioned two replicas of the lance. One of these was given to Prince Vajk of Hungary in 996, who was later crowned King Stephen I . The other was presented to Duke of Poland, Bolesław I , at the Congress of Gniezno in 1000. The Polish lance

2310-575: The Passion in his Libri Miraculorum (ca. 574-594). The holy lance is also supposed to have been stolen from Rome by Alaric and his Visigoths during their plundering in August 410. Therefore it could have been buried together with Alaric among tons of gold, silver and the golden menorah in Cosenza, southern Italy in the fall of 410. Nobody has found Alaric’s tomb and treasure that was probably emptied by

2376-573: The Third, Emperor of the Romans and Augustus, ordered this silver piece to be made to reinforce the Nail of the Lord and the Lance of St. Maurice / Saint Maurice"). The inscription refers to Henry IV, the fourth of his name to reign as King of Germany , as "the third" because he was the third of his name crowned Holy Roman Emperor . According to Liutprand of Cremona , the first German monarch to obtain

2442-534: The World's Greatest Diarists , published in 2000, anthologises four centuries of diary entries into 365 'days'. [REDACTED] Media related to Anthologies at Wikimedia Commons Spear of Destiny The Holy Lance , also known as the Spear of Longinus (named after Saint Longinus ), the Spear of Destiny , or the Holy Spear , is alleged to be the lance that pierced the side of Jesus as he hung on

2508-509: The blade and set off by tiny brass crosses – was "consistent" in length and shape with a 1st-century AD Roman nail. Not long afterward, researchers at the Interdisciplinary Research Institute for Archeology in Vienna used X-ray and other technology to examine a range of lances, and determined that the Vienna lance dates from around the 8th to the beginning of the 9th century, with the nail apparently being of

2574-517: The church of St. Peter as early as the 10th century. Historian Klaus-Peter Todt has suggested this relic could have been buried to hide it from Seljuk forces in 1084, allowing the crusaders to find it in 1098. The Holy Lance has been conflated with the bleeding lance depicted in the unfinished 12th century romance Perceval, the Story of the Grail by Chrétien de Troyes . The story also refers to

2640-593: The cross during his crucifixion . As with other instruments of the Passion , the lance is only briefly mentioned in the Christian Bible, but later became the subject of extrabiblical (Apocrypha) traditions in the medieval church . Relics purported to be the lance began to appear as early as the 6th century, originally in Jerusalem . By the Late Middle Ages , relics identified as the spearhead of

2706-484: The first edition of Arthur Quiller Couch 's Oxford Book of English Verse (1900). In East Asian tradition, an anthology was a recognized form of compilation of a given poetic form . It was assumed that there was a cyclic development: any particular form, say the tanka in Japan , would be introduced at one point in history, be explored by masters during a subsequent time, and finally be subject to popularisation (and

Doctor Occult - Misplaced Pages Continue

2772-554: The first half of March 939. However, in 955 Otto sought support from Saint Lawrence to secure victory in the Battle of Lechfeld , which was planned to occur on Lawrence's feast day. This shift may have resulted from the increased diplomatic ties between Germany and the Byzantine Empire circa 949/950. As the Germans became aware of the Byzantine version of the Holy Lance, it became politically inconvenient to associate

2838-483: The lance to the 8th century. Robert Feather, an English metallurgist and technical engineering writer, tested it for a documentary in January 2003. Based on X-ray diffraction , fluorescence tests, and other noninvasive procedures, he dated the main body of the spear to the 7th century at the earliest. Feather stated in the same documentary that an iron pin – long claimed to be a nail from the crucifixion, hammered into

2904-475: The lance was King Henry the Fowler who purchased it in 926, from King Rudolf II of Burgundy . Rudolf is supposed to have received the lance as a gift from a "Count Samson,", about whom nothing else is known. Liutprand associated the lance not with Longinus, but with Constantine the Great , citing a claim that the Roman emperor used the Holy Nails , discovered by his mother Helena , to make crosses in

2970-560: The lance, were presumably seized by Sultan Mehmed II in 1453 when he conquered the city . In 1492, his son Bayezid II sent the lance to Pope Innocent VIII , to encourage the pope to continue to keep his brother and rival Cem prisoner. At this time great doubts as to its authenticity were felt at Rome, as Johann Burchard records, because of the presence of other rival lances in Paris, Nuremberg (see Holy Lance in Vienna below), and Armenia (see Holy Lance in Echmiadzin below). This relic has never since left Rome, and its resting place

3036-417: The like-minded. Also, whilst not connected with poetry, publishers have produced collective works of fiction and non-fiction from a number of authors and used the term anthology to describe the collective nature of the text. These have been in a number of subjects, including Erotica , edited by Mitzi Szereto , and American Gothic Tales edited by Joyce Carol Oates . The Assassin's Cloak: An Anthology of

3102-555: The middle of the spearhead. The description given by Liutprand closely corresponds to the relic kept in Vienna today. An alternative account of how Henry received the lance is offered by Widukind of Corvey . According to Widukind, King Conrad I of Germany made arrangements on his deathbed in 918 to send his royal insignia, including the Holy Lance, to Henry, who would succeed him as king of East Francia . This version of events has been rejected by historians. On 15 March 933, Henry carried his lance as he led his forces against

3168-400: The name of Geghardavank (Monastery of the Holy Lance). In 1655, the French traveler Jean-Baptiste Tavernier was the first Westerner to see this relic in Armenia. In 1805, the Russians captured the monastery and the relic was moved to Tchitchanov Geghard, Tbilisi , Georgia. It was later returned to Armenia, and is still on display at the Manoogian museum in Vagharshapat, enshrined in

3234-491: The next several years, Baldwin sold a total of twenty-two relics to Louis. The Holy Lance was included in the final lot, which probably arrived at Paris in 1242. All of these relics were later enshrined in the Sainte Chapelle . During the French Revolution they were removed to the Bibliothèque Nationale , but the lance subsequently disappeared. Despite the transfer of the Holy Lance to Paris, various travelers continued to report its presence in Constantinople throughout

3300-411: The pilgrimage of Arculf in 670, places the lance in Jerusalem, at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. Arculf is the last of the medieval pilgrims to report the lance in Jerusalem, as Willibald and Bernard made no mention of it. By the middle of the 10th century, a lance relic was venerated in Constantinople at the Church of the Virgin of the Pharos . The relic was likely viewed by some of

3366-431: The powers of astral projection, hypnosis, illusion creating, and telekinesis. He wields a powerful talisman, a sphere or disc with a black and white pattern, called the Mystic Symbol of the Seven. It grants him the powers of clairvoyance, fighting exorcism, deflection, and force field projection. Bill Reed of Comic Book Resources praised the character saying that DC Comics could portray more of him despite him not having

SECTION 50

#1732794000501

3432-418: The same metal, and ruled out the possibility of it dating back to the 1st century AD. The Hofburg spear has been re-imagined in popular culture as a magical talisman whose powers may be used for good or evil. A Holy Lance is conserved in Vagharshapat (previously known as Echmiadzin), the religious capital of Armenia . It was previously held in the monastery of Geghard .The first source that mentions it

3498-422: The soldiers and clergy participating in the First Crusade , adding to the confusion surrounding the emergence of another Holy Lance at Antioch in 1098. During the Siege of Tripoli , Raymond of Toulose reportedly brought the Antioch lance to Constantinople, and presented it to Emperor Alexios I Komnenos . Scholars disagree on how this presumably awkward situation was resolved. Steven Runciman argued that

3564-525: The staying power as other supernatural heroes such as Phantom Stranger or John Constantine . Anthology In book publishing , an anthology is a collection of literary works chosen by the compiler; it may be a collection of plays, poems, short stories, songs, or related fiction/non-fiction excerpts by different authors. There are also thematic and genre-based anthologies. Complete collections of works are often called " complete works " or " opera omnia " ( Latin equivalent). The word entered

3630-454: The twentieth century, anthologies became an important part of poetry publishing for a number of reasons. For English poetry , the Georgian poetry series was trend-setting; it showed the potential success of publishing an identifiable group of younger poets marked out as a 'generation'. It was followed by numerous collections from the 'stable' of some literary editor, or collated from a given publication, or labelled in some fashion as 'poems of

3696-443: The two fragments had originally formed one blade. The Holy Lance in Vienna is displayed in the Imperial Treasury or Weltliche Schatzkammer (lit. Worldly Treasure Room) at the Hofburg Palace in Vienna, Austria. It is the head of a typical winged lance of the Carolingian dynasty . The shaft was presumably lost or destroyed by the reign of Conrad II (1024–1039), who commissioned the Reichskreuz ("Imperial Cross") to serve as

3762-413: The year'. Academic publishing also followed suit, with the continuing success of the Quiller-Couch Oxford Book of English Verse encouraging other collections not limited to modern poetry. Not everyone approved. Robert Graves and Laura Riding published their Pamphlet Against Anthologies in 1928, arguing that they were based on commercial rather than artistic interests. The concept of 'modern verse'

3828-434: Was adorned with the lance fragment, a portion of the Holy Shroud , one of Jesus's deciduous teeth , and other relics from thirty martyrs. Modern historians have regarded Alberic's account with some skepticism, characterizing it as "fanciful" and "pure invention." In any case, after the battle the crusaders sent the icon to Cîteaux Abbey , but there is no record of whether it reached that destination. Following

3894-399: Was already dead and that there was no reason to break his legs ("and no bone will be broken"). To make sure that he was dead, a Roman soldier (named in extra-Biblical tradition as Longinus ) stabbed him in the side. One of the soldiers pierced his side with a lance (λόγχη) , and immediately there came out blood and water. The name of the soldier who pierced Christ's side with a lonchē

3960-462: Was based on the lost 10th Century Byzantine collection of Constantinus Cephalas, which in turn was based on older anthologies. In The Middle Ages, European collections of florilegia became popular, bringing together extracts from various Christian and pagan philosophical texts. These evolved into commonplace books and miscellanies , including proverbs, quotes, letters, poems and prayers. Songes and Sonettes , usually called Tottel's Miscellany ,

4026-460: Was called the Imperial Regalia ( Reichskleinodien ). When the French Revolutionary army approached Nuremberg in the spring of 1796, the local authorities turned over the Imperial Regalia to Johann Alois von Hügel , Chief Commissary of the Imperial Diet . Baron von Hügel took the regalia to Ratisbon for safekeeping, but by 1800 that city was also under threat of invasion, so he relocated them again to Passau , Linz , and Vienna. When

SECTION 60

#1732794000501

4092-439: Was considered important to many contemporary sources on the Fourth Crusade . In addition to the crusaders' report to Pope Innocent III , the incident was documented by Geoffrey of Villehardouin , the Devastatio Constantinopolitana , Niketas Choniates , Robert de Clari , Ralph of Coggeshall , and Robert of Auxerre . However, none of these sources mention the icon bearing any relics, whereas Alberic claimed it

4158-493: Was depicted as a supernatural detective whose detecting style was in the style of Sam Spade , but with supernatural abilities. Supporting characters in the strip included Rose Psychic and Occult's butler. Writers such as Les Daniels have cited the character as a prototype of Superman. Renamed to "Dr. Mystic", Occult also appeared in Centaur Publications ' The Comics Magazine #1 (May 1936), with that story continuing in DC's More Fun Comics #14-17. In this story, he travels to

4224-423: Was fostered by the appearance of the phrase in titles such as the Faber & Faber anthology by Michael Roberts in 1936, and the very different William Butler Yeats Oxford Book of Modern Verse of the same year. In the 1960s The Mersey Sound anthology of Liverpool poets became a bestseller, plugging into the countercultural attitudes of teenagers. Since publishers generally found anthology publication

4290-427: Was the first of the great ballad collections, responsible for the ballad revival in English poetry that became a significant part of the Romantic movement. William Enfield 's The Speaker; Or, Miscellaneous Pieces was published in 1774 and was a mainstay of 18th Century schoolrooms. Important nineteenth century anthologies included Palgrave's Golden Treasury (1861), Edward Arber 's Shakespeare Anthology (1899) and

4356-495: Was the first printed anthology of English poetry. It was published by Richard Tottel in 1557 in London and ran to many editions in the sixteenth century. A widely read series of political anthologies, Poems on Affairs of State , began its publishing run in 1689, finishing in 1707. In Britain, one of the earliest national poetry anthologies to appear was The British Muse (1738), compiled by William Oldys . Thomas Percy 's influential Reliques of Ancient English Poetry (1765),

#500499